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Cerebellum
The separated aspect of the cerebellum and the brain can be discovered only by dissection. The cerebellar function and the brain function are not independent of each other in their relationship, and it is impossible for us to separately assign each movement of the body to the cerebellum or the brain. In addition, there must be cerebellar functions in the brain too. So, the word “cerebellum” on this page is only a kind of poetic and descriptive expression to explain schematically the mental behaviors in some fast movements.
The volume of the cerebellum is one tenth of the volume of the cerebrum. However, the number of neurons in the cerebrum is 14 billion, and the number of neurons in the cerebellum is 100 billion. When there is a stimulus to the sensory organ, such as the eyes, the brain needs 0.4 second to analyze this stimulus as information, to think with words and to move the muscles by the command. The ball of the baseball pitcher takes about 0.4 second, so the batter cannot dodge the ball which hits him. The reason why the batter can hit the ball is that he practices everyday in the automatic function of the cerebellum. It is essential to learn not to use the brain for sports, musical instruments, foreign languages, etc. The spinal reflex is the most rapid type of reflex, but it cannot be said as a type of movement for artistic activity by itself.
The essential difference between classical music and jazz music.
On the one hand, European music was born in the reverberation of churches and then it has been developed in the reverberation of salons. From baroque music to modern music, the European instruments, except for percussion instruments, were always being played in rich reverberation of 2 seconds and people were listening to it as very beautiful music. In the ambiguity of the pulsation, the beauty of the agogic accent has been deployed on the rhythm. In the reverberation, the percussion instruments were impossible, like reflected roadworks noise.
On the other hand, the pleasure of music is the pulsation. For music of Latin America, jazz music, rock music, etc., the regular steady pulsation, like the scale on a ruler, like a metronome, namely the pulsation (such as eighth notes, sixteenth notes, etc.) of the percussion instruments is there at the center of music. The best drummer is a drummer who can play like a machine, and there is always a drumer even for a very slow song. The groups that have no drummer cannot enjoy music. The sound is very often amplified by microphones and speakers, and reverberation should be avoided.
The schematization can be done as follows.
classical music – reverberation – without pulsation – without drummer
jazz, rock, Latin – without reverberation – steady pulsation – with drummer
Even for interpretation in fast tempo, there should not be pulsation in classical music.
When you play classical piano, the moment the note on the score is sounded, i.e., the moment you hear the sound, is the moment of impact. But 0.1 second before the impact, the movement of the hand begins already in silence. (On this page, “movement of the hand” means all of the movements of the shoulder, elbow, wrist and fingers, etc.)
If there is pulsation in the head, the beginning of the movement of the hand and the impact will be synchronized on the same moment, which is absurd.
Also, at the impact, which is the moment you hear the sound, the force of the hand must be relaxed.
When you speak, there is “speed”, like speak fast or speak slowly. But the speed is not the fast pulsation or the slow pulsation of syllable units, like Rapping music.
For a good jazz piano, the impact, the force of the hand and the pulsation are synchronized in the head, so it is impossible to play scales. The conscious of a jazz pianist does not know how to remain irresponsible with regard to the pulsation, and he can not play the piano with the cerebellum. A pianist must play completely differently jazz and classical music. For jazz, the moment when the sound is heard, the hands have strength, and for the classical music, the moment when the sound is heard, the hands are relaxed, even in fortissimo.
The conscious of an athlete thinks of movement in the illusion after his body has already automatically moved. Also for a good classical pianist, first, the movement automatic of the hand plays scale, and it makes the sound, and then he sings in his head the scale, which he thinks illusorily that his conscience is playing: without pulsation, the movement of the hand for the scale is not directly conscious. The natural movement starts 0.1 second earlier than the conscious: i.e., the movement by the cerebellum begins 0.1 second earlier than the order that is emitted by the brain. Jazz pianists have pulsation in the conscious and they cannot play the piano because the movement of the body is at the same time as the sound on a point of pulsation. Jazz pianists can not start the hand movement 0.1 seconds before the pulsation. Among famous jazz pianists, nobody can play scales, especially the left hand.
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The moment that the movement of the elbow and wrist starts and the moment that you hear the sound are not at the same time. There is 0.01 second of . As classic piano should not have pulsation, classical piano is played with : but is absolutely impossible for jazz piano, as the entire movement is converged on one point of pulsation. In the consciousness of a jazz pianist, there is pulsation, and it is impossible to start a relaxed movement of the elbow and wrist in silence 0.01 second before. Therefore, a jazz pianist cannot play scales with either the right hand or the left hand, that is to say, classical music. Also a classical pianist cannot play jazz music, with his between the beginning of the movement and the sound.
The correct movement of playing the piano is a spinal reflex, which is faster than the consciousness. If you think that the movement of playing the piano is conscious, it is an illusion. The consciousness will listen to the sound that the hands have done by themselves. The hand movement is made only by the spinal reflex. Natural behavior of automatic movements by spinal reflex with relaxation, and the fingers are not objects of the consciousness. When you are walking on the street, you think, for example, what you will eat tonight at dinner: you do not think, watching your feet; “left foot, right foot, left foot, right foot, one, two, one, two.” The movement of the legs is not made abruptly on the rhythm of walking, but it is a continuous rotation. The pulsation of the moments where the soles touch the ground can be called the rhythm, but the whole body movement is not concentrated only on this pulsation. A natural movement by spinal reflex has always a starting point and an end point, and there is the time that elapses between these two points; lag time. A conscious movement, which has the starting point and the end point at the same time, is made with a hard contraction of the muscles.
The ignorance of the is often the cause of a defect when an amateur plays classical piano, and also one of the reasons why his left hand does not make progress. The ignorance of the , it means, for a motion, the ignorance of the fact that the moment of the beginning of the movement and the moment of the impact are different.
Playing the piano
Exercises for the left Hand
The thumb and the ring finger do not move independently. The thumb and the ring finger are used by the wrist movement. In the natural movement of the hand, when the ring finger is curved, the little finger is curved, and when the ring finger is stretched, the little finger is stretched. All the fingers are used always with the movement of the elbow and the movement of the wrist.
The movement of the muscles vs. the force of the muscles
With muscular force, the abdominal muscles of a karateka contracts itself as an armor and this muscular contraction protects the internal organs against the punch of the enemy. Muscular force is not used to play the piano and that is evident by the fact that there are a lot of little girls who are very good pianists. The mechanical exercises of piano are, in a word, exercises to learn to avoid absolutely the slightest contraction of the muscles. To play classical piano, the hands are relaxed just like you are taking a walk. At the same time, for a grand piano of concert, the middle finger and the ring finger of the left hand must be strong enough to play forte.
in the exercises of the left hand
When you write something, you think about the content, sentences, the muscle movement of the hand, and the pen writes alphabets. But in reality, first, the pen writes, the hand moves, the phrase is made, and finally you have a content.
and it is very logical with the absence of .
An amateur of classical piano, who does not know rich reverberation, has fun with pulsation, and as he does not know the authentic boring rhythm of real classical piano, he can have fun with a rhythmic piano of amateur. For example, music of Mozart must be interpreted boringly with agogic accent in reverberation, without the right pedal, and if you play in a place without reverberation, without the right pedal, with pulsation, it will not be Mozart, and it will not get in the category of the classical music. The compositions for violin solo and cello solo by Bach are played with agogic accent in long reverberation, and there is no regular pulsation. For a harpsichord, the accentuation is possible only by agogic accent, and if Handel’s harpsichord music is played unfortunately in a place without reverberation, the stumbling rhythm of classical music will be considered as a very bad taste for our ears of rock music.
Like the falling of a line of dominoes, which, once started, is progressing by itself, scales are played independently from the consciousness of the pianist: there is no pulsation in the consciousness of a classical pianist. To keep the flexibility of the wrist, you must maintain the flexibility of the whole arm (the shoulder and the elbow), and it is natural that this movement, which is transmitted on the length from the shoulder (top) to the tip of the finger (bottom), takes 0.01 second. Play a scale of two octaves, it is an act to put a fabric strip of 40 cm long and 10 cm wide on the keyboard, and it is not 15 conscious movements of the five fingers.
Exercises for the left hand.
The number of neurons in the cerebellum is greater than the number of neurons in the brain. The conscious pulsation by the brain interferes with unconscious and natural movements by the cerebellum. Since the piano is a polyphonic instrument, when you play, the right cerebellum and the left cerebellum are simultaneously independent. Exercises in unison are useless, since the right cerebellum and the left cerebellum will be also in unison. If you like Hanon, it is necessary to play with interval in 10 degrees or 13 degrees between the right hand and the left hand, in 11 other major or in 12 harmonic minors, without metronome.
For children, the first joint of the fingers should not be concave. However, for good adult pianists, there are many moments where they make the first joint of the index concave.