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UNAPTLY, parum apte. Vid. INAPTLY.

UNARMED, inermis or inermus (general term) : armis exutus (stripped of one’s arms). The soldiers being unarmed, quum inermes essent milites.

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UNASKED, non rogatus : voluntate (from one’s own free will, unbiased ; opposed to vi or invitus et coactus). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) judicio et voluntate : sponte sua (tua, etc. ) : sponte (without external influence, ἑκουσίως). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) sua sponte et voluntate ; ultro (of one’s own accord, without being asked first, αὐτομάτως ; opposed to alicujus jussu or jussus). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) sponte et ultro.

Unasked for, non petitus. || Uninvited, vid.

UNASPIRING, qui ad altiora non nititur : qui sorte sua contentus vivit (contented). Vid. UNAMBITIOUS.

UNASSAILABLE, By circumlocution, quod impugnari or oppugnari non potest : inexpugnabilis (that cannot be attacked with success ; properly and improperly).

UNASSAILED, intactus. Vid. UNMOLESTED, UNTOUCHED.

UNASSISTED, Vid. UNAIDED.

UNASSUAGED, non lenitus, non mitigatus, etc. Vid. To ASSUAGE.

UNASSUMING, simplex (natural, free, unembarrassed) : modestus (modest, retiring ; opposed to immodestus, superbus) : demissus (humble, plain ; opposed to acer, acerbus) : probus (contented ; opposed to improbus). (The words are found in this connection and order) probus et modestus ; probus et demissus.

Unassuming behavior, modestia (opposed to immodestia, superbia).

UNASSUMINGLY, simpliciter : modeste.

UNATTAINABLE, quod assequi (consequi, etc. ) non or nullo modo possumus (queas, etc. ). Diogenes said that the pleasures he enjoyed were unattainable by the Persian monarch, Diogenes dixit suas voluptates regem Persarum consequi nullo modo posse. To pursue an object that is unattainable, sequi, quod assequi non queas.

UNATTEMPTED, intentatus (nihil, Horatius; iter, Tacitus) : inexpertus. To leave nothing unattempted, nihil inexpertum omittere ; omnia experiri.

UNATTENDED, incomitatus : sine comitibus. Unattended to ; vid. UNHEEDED.

UNATTESTED (e. g., of a document), * exemplum, cui fides non habeatur : * parum certæ auctoritatis.

UNAUTHENTICATED, sine auctore (e. g., rumores) satis quidem constantes, sed adhuc sine auctore : incertus. To believe any unauthenticated report, levem auditionem habere pro re comperta (Cæsar).

UNAUTHORIZED, non justus : alienus. To be unauthorized, faciendi aliquid jus or potestatem non habere ; jure aliquid facere non posse. To be guilty of an unauthorized interference, aliquo invito se inserere or immiscere alicui rei.

UNAVAILABLE, Vid. USELESS.

UNAVOIDABLE, inevitabilis (post-Augustan) ; better by circumlocution ; e. g., quod evitari non potest : quod evitare or effugere non possumus (that cannot be escaped or shunned ; e. g., fatum, mors) : necessarius (grounded on a necessity of nature ; e. g., death, mors). To be unavoidable, non esse recusandum.

UNAWARES, præter opinionem : (ex) inopinato : improviso : (ex) insperato. To attack anybody unawares, aliquem improviso or aliquem imprudentem adoriri.

UNAWED, aliquid parum reverens (Massur., Sabin. ap. Gell., 4, 24, 11). By circumlocution, aliqua re non commotus : immotus (mostly † and post-Augustan prose ; both = unmoved).

Unawed by anything, cui nulla est alicujus rei verecundia (Livius, of the habit).

UNBAKED, crudus (e. g., of bricks).

UNBAPTIZED, non baptizatus (ecclesiastical).

UNBAR, pessulum reducere (to draw back the bolt or bar) : reserare (unbolt) : aperire (general term, open) : Cf., claustra (januæ) pandere (Catullus), laxare (Vergilius), relaxare (Ovidius) ; all poetical.

UNBEARABLE, intolerabilis : intolerandus : non ferendus (the proper word ; of persons and things) : importunus (of persons and things, avaritia). This is unbearable, hoc ferre or tolerare nequeo. The cold is unbearable, intolerabile est frigus.

UNBEARABLY, intoleranter. To boast unbearably, intolerantissime gloriari.

UNBECOMING, indecorus (not becoming, violating propriety ; opposed to decorus ; e. g., risus : Cf., indecens does not belong to standard prose ; dedecorus and dedecorosus stand for “dishonoring, disgracing”) : turpis (ugly, whether physically; opposed to pulcher ; or morally, opposed to honestus ; e. g., dress, manners, word) : illiberalis (not worthy of a free-born man, i. e., gentleman; opposed to liberalis ; e. g., jocus) : parum verecundus (violating delicate and modest feeling ; e. g., words, verba) : indignus (unworthy of the person ; e. g., in an unbecoming manner, indignum in modum) : inhonestus (dishonorable, immoral ; opposed to honestus) : alienus (alien ; not suited to the nature of anything ; with dative, ablative [sometimes genitive] or ab).

Unbecoming behavior, indignitas ; mores turpes ; turpitudo : unbecoming treatment, indignitas ; or (if lasting or repeated) indignitates. To be unbecoming, indecorum (turpem, etc. ) esse ; dedecere or non decere ; for anybody, aliquem : Cf., indecere is post-classical. It is unbecoming to, etc., indecorum est, or dedecet, or non decet, with infinitive : deforme est (it has an ugly look), with infinitive : anything is considered very unbecoming, aliquid ab honestate remotum ponitur ; aliquid turpe putatur.

UNBECOMINGLY, indecore : indecenter (post-classical) : indigne : inhoneste : turpiter : indignum in modum.

UNBECOMINGNESS, indignitas.

UNBEFITTING, Vid. UNBECOMING.

UNBEFRIENDED, * amico carens : desertus ab amicis (left in the lurch by them).

UNBELIEF, perhaps dubitandi obstinatio (generally) : impietas (in the Christian sense) : obstinata incredulitas (Appuleius) : infidelitas (ecclesiastical, Augustinus). By their unbelief, non credendo (e. g., conjurationem nascentem corroborare).

UNBELIEVER, qui non facile adduci potest, ut credat (general term) : * qui veram religionem non profitetur (in the Christian sense).

Unbelievers, barbari Christum aversantes (of barbarous nations) ; infideles (ecclesiastical, Salvianus, Augustinus) : injusti ac Deum nescientes (Lactantius).

UNBELIEVING, infidelis (ecclesiastical) : obstinatus contra veritatem (Quintilianus, 12, 1, 10) : Deum nesciens (Lactantius) : incredulus (with reference to a particular statement, † and post-Augustan prose, Horatius, Quintilianus).

UNBELOVED, minus carus : inamatus († Silius, 12, 526).

UNBEND, || To make straight what had been curved, corrigere (seldom ; not in Cicero; Catullus, Plinius) : (pravum aliquid) rectum facere. || To relax the tension of anything, retendere : remittere (both † ; to unbend a bow, arcum). || Improperly, velut retendere aliquid (Quintilianus). To unbend the mind, animum remittere, or relaxare.

UNBENDING, Vid. INFLEXIBLE, RIGID, STIFF.

UNBEWAILED, infletus (†) : indefletus († Ovidius) : indeploratus (†).

UNBIASSED, simplex (simple, natural, without preconceived notion) : liber : solutus ; especially together, liber et solutus (free from prepossession) : integer (free from partiality). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) integer ac liber (e. g., mind, animus). An unbiassed judgement, judicium integrum : unbiassed in one’s judgement (in council), liber in consulendo. To be quite unbiassed in a matter, neque ira neque gratia teneri : ab odio (or amicitia), ira atque misericordia vacuum esse : in an unbiassed manner, simpliciter (e. g., to speak, dicere) : libere : ingenue (freely ; e. g., to confess, confiteri ; to speak for anybody, dicere pro aliquo) : integre. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) incorrupte integreque (without being bribed ; e. g., to judge, judicare) : sine ira et studio (without any private like or dislike ; Tacitus, Ann., 1, 1, quite at the end).

Use your own unbiassed judgement, utere tuo judicio ; nihil enim impedio (i. e., don’t let me bias you either way, Cicero).

UNBIDDEN, injussus : injussu alicujus (not by anybody’s command) : ultro (spontaneously ; of our own accord ; opposed to jussus or alicujus jussu).

UNBIND, solvere : resolvere : dissolvere (opposed to connectere, coagmentare) : Cf., religare (†). If = unchain, vid.

UNBLAMABLE, non reprehendendus : non vituperandus (not to be blamed) : probus (such as it ought to be ; then also, honest, moral) : ab omni vitio vacuus (free from any fault, whether physical or moral ; of persons and things) : integer : sanctus (in a moral point of view ; of men and their actions, etc. ). To be unblamable, nihil in se habere, quod reprehendi possit ; a reprehensione abesse ; sine vitio esse ; omni vitio carere (to be without faults) : sine labe esse, omni labe carere (to be without any stain on one’s reputation).

UNBLAMABLY, saucte : sanctissime (e. g., vivere) : sine vitio : sine labe.

UNBLEMISHED, purus : integer (opposed to contaminatus) : incontaminatus : impollutus (both post-Ciceronian) : castus (chaste ; morally pure). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) castus et integer : integer castusque : castus
purusque. An unblemished life, purissima et castissima vita.

UNBLEST, funestus (producing one or more corpses, and thus bringing on death ; fatal) : luctuosus (causing mourning, mournful, accursed ; e. g., war).

UNBLOODY, incruentus (Livius, ; not Cicero or Cæsar).

UNBOLT, pessulum reducere (i. e., to draw back a bolt). To unbolt a door, reserare : aperire (general term). Vid. UNBAR.

UNBORN, nondum natus : nondum in lucem editus.

UNBOSOM ONE’S SELF, se alicui totum patefacere (to open one’s self to him ; declare all one’s thoughts) : effundere alicui (e. g., omnia, quæ sentio ; illa, quæ tacuerat ; both in Cicero) : secreta pectoris aperire (Tacitus, Germ., 22, 17) : detegere alicui intimos suos affectus (Seneca, Ep., 96, 1).

UNBOUGHT, non emtus : inemptus († and post- Augustan prose).

UNBOUNDED, Vid. BOUNDLESS, INFINITE.

UNBRIDLED, infrenatus (without bridle) : effrenatus (but figuratively, of the mind ; lust, desire, passion, etc. ). Cf., Infrenis, † and post-Augustan : effrenus, once in Livy, properly equus, mostly †. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) solutus effrenatusque (e. g., populi, Cicero) ; effrenatus et indomitus (e. g., libido, Cicero) ; effrenatus ac furiosus (e. g., cupiditas, Cicero) ; effrenatus et præceps (e. g., mens, Cicero).

UNBROKEN, || Properly, non fractus : integer (whole). || Improperly, indomitus (e. g., equus ; Auctor ad Herennium) : * domitori nondum traditus. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) intractatus et novus (of a horse).

UNBROTHERLY, non (or parum) fraternus. In an unbrotherly manner, * parum fraterne : * non ut fratrem decet.

UNBUCKLE, diffibulare (Statius, Theb., 6, 570) : refibulare (Martialis, 9, 28, 12).

UNBURDEN, exonerare (Livy and post-Augustan ; properly and figuratively ; e. g., conscientiam suam, Curtius, ; se, Curtius ; quæ tantum amicis committenda sunt, in quaslibet aures exonerant, Seneca, Ep., 3). To unburden one’s self or one’s mind of anything (i. e., to tell anybody what is on one’s mind), denudare alicui aliquid (Livius) ; detegere alicui aliquid (e. g., intimos suos affectus, Seneca) ; aperire (e. g., secreta pectoris, Tacitus) : patefacere se totum alicui. Vid. exonerare, above.

UNBURIED, inhumatus (uninterred) : insepultus.

UNBUTTON a coat, * vestem diloricare (Cf., not vestem discindere = to tear it open).

UNCALLED, non vocatus : invocatus.

UNCANCELLED, * non or nondum inductus, deletus, etc. Vid. CANCEL.

UNCANDID, obscurus (opposed to candidus, ingenuus, Cicero) : * parum simplex (ingenuus, etc. ). Sometimes tectus : occultus. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) tectus et occultus (dark ; reserved ; concealing one’s real thoughts).

UNCASE, * ex (de) theca promere.

UNCEASING, perpetuus (continued to the end without any break ; e. g., risus) : continuus : continens (hanging together ; one following another without any intermission ; e. g., incommoda : labor) : assiduus (constantly going on ; e. g., imbres).

UNCEASINGLY, perpetuo : continenter (continue or -o unclassical) — sine intermissione : nullo temporis puncto intermisso : assidue (assiduo unclassical) : usque.

UNCERTAIN, incertus (uncertain, also = undecided or unsettled) : dubius (doubtful ; both opposed to certus, of persons and things ; e. g., spes ; the chances of war, belli fortuna) : anceps (doubtful as to the result ; e. g., chances of war, but not in this sense of a single battle ; vid. UNDECIDED) : ambiguus (ambiguous, having a double meaning, not to be relied upon ; e. g., faith, fides). Very uncertain, perincertus (Sallustius, frag., ap. Gell., 18, 4, 4). To be uncertain, incertum or dubium esse (general term ; of persons and things) : incertum mihi est : in incerto habere (general term ; of persons) : animi or animo pendere (to be undecided) : dubitatione æstuare (to be uneasy ; to be in great doubt which resolution to adopt ; vid. Cicero, Verr., 2, 30, 74) : districtum esse (to waver which of two parties to join ; vid. Cicero, Fam., 2, 15, 3 ; the last three of persons) : in incerto or in dubio esse (general term ; of things) : non satis constare (not to be fully received as a settled point ; not to be entirely without doubt ; of things). All mostly followed by some interrogative, such as quid, utrum. . . an, etc. The history of this year, also, is in some degree uncertain, et hujus anni parum constans memoria est : uncertain what to do, incertus, quid faceret : to make or render anybody uncertain, alicui dubitationem injicere : to make anything uncertain, aliquid ad or in incertum revocare ; aliquid in dubium vocare or revocare (to make it doubtful = raise a doubt about it) : to leave anything uncertain, aliquid in medio, or in incerto, or in dubio relinquere : to prefer the certain to the uncertain, certa incertis præferre.

UNCERTAINTY, dubitatio (uncertainly in which one is kept ; the act of doubting). The uncertainty of war, Mars belli communis. To be in a state of uncertainty [vid. “to be UNCERTAIN”]. To relieve anybody from his uncertainty (= hesitation), dubitationem alicui tollere : to be in great uncertainty what to do, dubitatione æstuare (vid. Cicero, Verr., 2, 30, 74) : to remain in uncertainty, in incerto relinqui (of things). To prefer a certainty to an uncertainty, certa incertis præferre.

UNCHAIN, catena solvere ; mostly, from context, solvere only ; e vinculis eximere : vinculis solvere or liberare.

UNCHANGEABLE, immutabilis (immutable) : constans (remaining the same, constæit) : stabilis (standing firm) : ratus (fixed, unalterable ; e. g., cursus lunæ ; astrorum ordines) : perpetuus (lasting uninterruptedly ; e. g., right, jus). God is unchangeable, * in Deum mutatio non cadit.

UNCHANGEABLENESS, immutabilitas (Cicero, Fat., 9, 1 7) : constantia (constancy) : perpetuitas (lasting duration).

Unchangeableness of one’s sentiments toward anybody, constans in aliquem voluntas.

UNCHANGEABLY, constanter : perpetuo.

UNCHANGED, immutatus : integer (entire ; remaining in the former state) :

Unchanged sentiments toward anybody, constans in aliquem voluntas. To remain unchanged, non mutari.

UNCHANGING, Vid. UNCHANGEABLE.

UNCHARITABLE, durus (hard, etc. ; of persons or things) : inhumanus : humanitatis expers (rough, with no human softness, etc. ; the latter only of persons) : non beneficus neque liberalis (not ready to do kind and liberal actions) : malitiosus (having or proceeding from the desire of hurting another ; of persons or things ; e. g., juris interpretatio, Cicero). To put an uncharitable construction on anything, aliquid male interpretari.

UNCHARITABLY, inhumane : * parum amanter (in no loving spirit) : duriter : immisericorditer (e. g., factum, Plautus) : illiberaliter (factum, Plautus).

UNCHASTE, impurus (general term ; not pure, vicious ; of persons, their sentiments and manners) : incestus (not pure, not chaste ; with reference to religion, purity of manner or morals ; of persons, and things ; e. g., conversation, sermo ; words, voces ; deed, flagitium ; love, amor) : impudicus (without shame, violating all chaste feeling ; of persons ; e. g., woman, mulier) : libidinosus (delivering one’s self up to one’s passions and lusts ; lustful ; of persons and things ; e. g., love, amor) : parum verecundus (indecent, void of any proper feeling of decency ; also of things ; e. g., words) : obscenus or obscœnus (exciting disgust by its sight, or by being heard ; dirty, unchaste, of things ; e. g., words, gestures, and motions of the body). Very unchaste, omni libidine impudicus : an unchaste life, vita parum verecunda (shameless, immoral) : vita libidinibus dedita (sensual, voluptuous) : unchaste love, amor impudicus : impudicitia (especially of the female sex) : amor libidinosus : libidines (especially of the male sex ; vid. commentators on Suetonius, Oct., 71) : to be unchaste, libidines consectari.

UNCHASTELY, impudice (later only) : parum caste (immorally ; both ; e. g., to live, vivere).

UNCHASTITY, impuritas : impudicitia : libidines. [SYN. in UNCHASTE. ] Vid. also, commentators on Suetonius, Oct., 71.

UNCHECKED, non impeditus (unbridled) : liber (free).

UNCHEWED, non manducatus.

UNCHRISTIAN, impius (general term) : * quod Christianum (or -os) non decet.

UNCIRCUMCISED, * non recutitus : * non circumcisus. Cf., Tertullianus (Monog., 11) uses impræputiatus.

UNCIVIL, inurbanus (contrary to the manners observed in towns) : rusticus (countrified, rustic, peasant-like). To be uncivil, ab humanitate abhorrere.

UNCIVILIZED, incultus : rudis (uncultivated, rude) : ad humanum cultum civilemque nondum deductus (after Cicero, De Or., 8) : politioris humanitatis expers (without the refinement that softens men’s manners) : * ad humanitatem nondum informatus : qui propriis humanitatis artibus politus non est (after Cicero, Rep., 1, 17). An uncivilized nation, gens barbara, immanis, or immanis atque barbara (opposed to humana atque docta) : uncivilized life, vita fera agrestisque : uncivilized ages, minus erudita sæcula (Cicero, Rep. 2, 10, with reference to learning).

UNCIVILLY, inurbane : rustice.

UNCLASP,
diffibulare (Statius) : refibulare (Martialis) : refigere (general term for unfixing).

UNCLE, patruus (father’s brother) : avunculus (mother’s brother). Great uncle: (1) On the paternal side ; patruus magnus (the brother of a grandfather, Paullus, Digests, 38, 10, 10, § 15) : patruus major (the brother of a great-grandfather, Tacitus, Ann., 12, 22, 2, and Paullus, ib., § 16 ; in Gaius, Digests, 38, 10, 3, called also, propatruus). (2) On the maternal side ; avunculus magnus (the brother of a grandmother ; Cicero, Brut., 62, 222 ; Gaius, Digests, 38, 10, 1, § 6 ; Paullus, Digests, 38, 10, 10, § 15 ; in Tacitus, Ann., 4, 75, quite at the end, called simply avunculus) : avunculus major : proavunculus (the brother of a great-grandmother Paullus, loc. cit., § 16 ; Gaius, loc. cit., § 7. In Velleius, 2, 59, 2, and Suetonius, Oct., 7, and Claudius, 3, however, avunculus major = avunculus magnus). A greal-great-uncle, abavunculus : avunculus maximus (the brother of a great-great-grandmother, Paullus, Digests, § 17) : patruus maximus or abpatruus (the brother of a great-great-grandfather ; Paullus, ib., § 17 ; Gaius, loc. cit. ).

UNCLEAN, non mundus : immundus (præ- and post-classical, and poetical ; unclean, impure) : spurcus (filthy, nasty ; disgusting to the eyes or nose ; figuratively of moral impurity) : obscenus or obscœnus (exciting disgust, horror, loathing, when seen or heard ; e. g., pictures, speeches, etc. ; versus obscenissimi, Cicero) : sordidus : horridus : squalidus.

Unclean language, verborum turpitudo (opposed to rerum obscenitas, Cicero). To use unclean language, verbis obscenis uti : obscena dicere : obsceno jocandi genere uti. [Vid. DIRTY, IMPURE. ] Cf., Immundus, præ- and post-classical, poetical.

UNCLEANNESS, Vid. DIRTINESS, FILTH, IMPURITY.

UNCLEANSED, non purgatus.

UNCLOSE, Vid. To OPEN, To DISCLOSE.

UNCLOTHE, Vid. To UNDRESS.

UNCLOTHED, nudus.

UNCLOUDED, serenus (also, improperly, animus, Ovidius) : sudus [vid. CLOUDLESS]. With a heart unclouded by sadness, omni detersus pectora nube (†, Statius). A calm unclouded brow, frons tranquilla et serena (Cicero).

UNCOIL, evolvere (e. g., intestina, Celsus) : explicare (to unfold ; e. g., [†] orbes, of a serpent, Ovidius). The uncoiling of a cable, rudentis explicatio (Cicero, Divin., 1, 56, 127).

UNCOINED, infectus (opposed to signatus ; e. g., argentum) : non signatus forma, sed rudi pondere.

UNCOLLECTED, non collectus.

UNCOLORED, purus.

UNCOMBED, impexus (†).

UNCOMELINESS, Vid. UGLINESS, UNBECOMINGNESS.

UNCOMELY, invenustus : inelegans : inconcinnus.

UNCOMFORTABLE, Vid. INCOMMODIOUS.

UNCOMFORTABLENESS, incommoditas (once Cicero ; mostly præ- and post-classical).

UNCOMFORTABLY, incommode (-ius, -issime ; e. g., incommodissime navigare, Cicero).

UNCOMMENDED, non commendatus : sine ulla commendatione.

UNCOMMISSIONED, injussus.

UNCOMMON, rarus (that is seldom met with ; or that happens seldom) : eximius (distinguished from the rest by peculiar advantages) : egregius (excellent in comparison with others) : singularis (unique, singular in its kind) : insignis (of distinguished excellence). An uncommon person, homo non publici saporis (above the ordinary calibre ; sapor = natural tact, etc., in choosing what is right).

UNCOMMONLY, raro (seldom). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) insolenter et raro : eximie : egregie (very highly ; e. g., placere). Very uncommonly, admodum raro.

UNCOMPOUNDED, simplex : cui nihil admixtum est. The soul of man is uncompounded, nihil est animis admixtum, nihil concretum, nihil copulatum, nihil coagmentatum, nihil duplex (Cicero).

UNCONCERN, securitas. Vid. INDIFFERENCE.

UNCONCERNED, securus (without care ; Cf., not incuriosus, which is not classical).

Unconcerned about anything, securus de aliqua re, or pro aliqua re (e. g., de bello, pro salute) : negligens alicujus rei (not caring for ; e. g., the law, legis ; friends, amicorum). To be unconcerned, securum esse ; about anything, negligere, with accusative. Vid. INDIFFERENT.

UNCONCERNEDLY, Vid. INDIFFERENTLY.

UNCONDEMNED, indemnatus (Cicero).

UNCONDITIONAL, simplex (simple ; taken simply) : absolutus (not depending on any other subject or circumstance ; absolute) ; especially (The words are found in this connection and order. ) simplex et absolutus (opposed to cum adjunctione ; e. g., necessity, necessitudo, Cicero, Invent., 2, 57, 171) : purus (standing, as it were, simply and independently ; with no exception to it ; e. g., judgement, judicium, as Cicero, Invent., 2, 20, 60).

UNCONDITIONALLY, simpliciter : absolute (Scævola, Digests, 33, 1, 19) : sine adjunctione : sine exceptione (without condition, without exception or reservation).

UNCONFINED, Vid. FREE.

UNCONNECTED, interruptus (interrupted) : dissipatus (dispersed, as it were ; broken up into pieces or small bits ; e. g., speech).

UNCONQUERABLE, Vid. INVINCIBLE.

UNCONQUERED, invictus.

UNCONSCIOUS, inscius (not knowing it; opposed to conscius).

Unconscious of any crime, conscius sibi nullius culpæ. I am not unconscious that, etc., non sum inscius, etc.

UNCONSCIOUSLY, me inscio (without my thinking of or about it ; opposed to me conscio) : me insciente (without my knowledge; opposed to me sciente). Cf., Often translated by adjective, insciens or imprudens. Vid. INADVERTENTLY.

UNCONSECRATED, non consecratus : profanus.

UNCONSTITUTIONAL, non legitimus : non justus : * legibus civitatis (patriæ, etc. ) contrarius.

UNCONSTITUTIONALLY, non legitime (juste) : * contra leges (et instituta) civitatis, patriæ, etc. : * contra mores et exemplum populi (Romani, etc. ). To have acted * unconstitutionally, but not unjustly, non lege sed juste fecissa (Quintilianus, 3, 6, 45).

UNCONSTRAINED, non vi coactus (Cf., incoactus, not before the Silver Age) : liber. Vid. VOLUNTARILY.

UNCONTAMINATED, incontaminatus (post-Ciceronian) : impollutus (post-Ciceronian) : purus : integer : castus. Vid. PURE, UNDEFILED.

UNCONTROLLABLE, impŏtens (incapable of restraining itself, or of being restrained ; of persons or things ; homo, animus, lætitia, etc. ). As applied to desires, passions, etc. Vid. UNBRIDLED.

UNCONTROLLED, liber (free), or solutus ac liber (e. g., motus) : infinitus (not limited, of sovereign power, etc. ) : impŏtens (unable to restrain one’s self, or to be restrained ; of persons or things ; also of sovereignty, dominatus, Cicero) : * non cœrcitus (by anything, aliqua re).

UNCONVINCED, non adductus ad credendum : or by circumlocution. Anybody is unconvinced, alicui persuasum non est : I have always remained unconvinced, mihi nunquam persuaderi potuit (Cicero, with accusative and infinitive).

UNCOOKED, incoctus (præ-Augustan) : crudus (raw).

UNCORD, solvere (opposed to vincere, etc. ) : funes (funiculos) solvere or laxare : vincula alicujus rei laxare (Nepos).

UNCORK, * corticem extrahere : relinere (i. e., to remove the resin, etc., that covered the cork ; Plautus).

UNCORRECTED, non emendatus (e. g., copy, exemplum libri).

UNCORRUPT, Vid. INCORRUPT.

UNCOURTEOUS, Vid. IMPOLITE.

UNCOUTH, Vid. STRANGE, ODD, CLUMSY.

UNCOUTHLY, Vid. STRANGELY, ODDLY, CLUMSILY.

UNCOUTHNESS, Vid. STRANGENESS, ODDNESS, CLUMSINESS.

UNCOVER, detegere (general term, faciem, caput, etc. ). To uncover a roof, detegere domum (general term) ; tectum nudare tegulis (to take off the tiles) : to uncover half a temple, ædem ad partem dimidiam detegere. To uncover one’s self, caput aperire (Cicero) ; detegere caput ; vid. “Take off one’s HAT. ”

UNCOVERED, non tectus (without a deck ; of a ship, boat) : apertus (open on all sides ; e. g., vessel, head ; hence unprotected ; e. g., side, latus) : inopertus (uncovered, unveiled ; e. g., head, caput) : nudus (without clothes, naked). With his head uncovered, capite aperto (Cicero, etc. ) ; capite detecto (Suetonius) ; capite inoperto (Seneca). κυρικιμασαηικο

UNCREATED, non creatus.

UNCTION, unctio : inunctio (as act) : unctura (with reference to the kind or manner of anointing). Extreme unction, * unctio extrema (as Roman Catholic sacrament). || Unction, as quality of a religious discourse, * verba religione perfusa : mollia : verba, verba animum commoventia.

UNCTUOUS, Vid. OILY.

UNCULTIVATED, || Properly, incultus (e. g., field, district; opposed to cultus or consĭtus) : vastus ab natura et humano cultu (of what is also naturally wild and desolate ; e. g., mountain ; Sallustius, Jug., 48, 2). To be uncultivated, vacare (of countries, districts). || Figuratively, agrestis : rudis (rude, uncultivated) : incultus (uncultivated, whether in manner or mind) : impolitus : intonsus (unpolished). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) intonsus et incultus : inurbanus (uncourteous) : invenustus (without attractive beauty) : inelegans (tasteless).

UNCURL, perhaps * crispos cincinnos iterum corrigere
: * cincinnos (crines calamistratos) laxare. Cf., Not solvere crines or capillos (= to unbind the hair, etc. ).

UNCUT, immissus (that has been suffered to grow ; e. g., trees, opposed to amputatus ; also of hair) : intonsus (not shorn ; of the hair, then also of trees) : integer (whole, not cut into; opposed to accisus).

UNDAUNTED, impavidus (not afraid or fearful) : intrepidus (without trembling or being disheartened) : animosus (courageous, bold) : fortis (brave). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) fortis et animosus.

UNDAUNTEDLY, impavide : intrepide : fortiter.

UNDECAYED, integer (whole, not diminished).

UNDECAYING, immortalis (undying) : non caducus.

UNDECEIVE, errorem alicui eripere (Cicero, Att., 10, 46) : errorem tollere (Cicero) : errorem demere († Horatius).

UNDECIDED, nondum dijudicatus (not yet decided in a court ; e. g., lawsuit, lis) : integer (not having undergone any decision, and therefore remaining just as it was) : dubius (doubtful, of things ; e. g., combat, battle, prœlium ; victory, victoria ; then also, of persons who cannot make up their minds to decide for either party ; undetermined, irresolute) : incertus (uncertain, as well of things as persons ; e. g., victory, victoria ; issue, result, exitus, eventus) : ambiguus : anceps (doubtful, with regard to the success of anything ; e. g., chances of war, belli fortuna ; but prœlium anceps = “a double combat ;” and of prœlium ambiguum or pugna ambigua there are no instances). To be undecided, in dubio esse : to remain undecided, integrum relinqui or esse : the battle remained undecided, incerto eventu dhnicatum est : sic est pugnatum, ut æquo prœlio discederetur : for some time victory was undecided, aliquamdiu dubium prœlium fuit : the battle began at noon, and at sunset was still undecided, a meridie prope ad solis occasum dubia victoria pugnatum est : the debate or discussion remained undecided, disceptatio sine exitu fuit : to leave anything undecided, aliquid integrum or aliquid in medio relinquere (to leave off in the midst of it) : he ordered the matter to be left undecided until his return, rem integram ad reditum suum esse jussit : I am undecided what to do, dubius or incertus sum, quid faciam.

UNDEFENDED, indefensus (both of a town [(The words are found in this connection and order. ) desertus et indefensus, Livius], and in a court of justice).

Unheard and undefended, inauditus et indefensus (Tacitus ; not Cicero or Cæsar).

UNDEFILED, impollutus (post-Augustan : virginitas, Tacitus) : incontaminatus (post-Augustinus) : integer (opposed to contaminatus, Cicero, Top., 18) : purus : castus : (The words are found in this connection and order. ) castus et integer : integer castusque : castus purusque. Vid. UNBLEMISHED.

UNDEFINED, non definitus : infinitus (indefinite ; opposed to definitus ; e. g., quæstio, Cicero) : * nulla definitione declaratus. Sometimes dubius : incertus : suspensus et obscurus (e. g., verba, Tacitus). To leave anything undefined, aliquid non definire ; aliquid in incerto relinquere.

UNDENIABLE, by circumlocution. It is undeniable, negari non potest.

UNDER, sub ; (1) with ablative in answer to where? (a) with reference to something extended over and covering an object.

Under the earth, sub terra : under a shabby cloak, sub palliŏlo sordido (Cicero) ; or (b) with reference to what is elevated high above or by an object, sub muro consistere : sub monte considere : so figuratively, sub oculis alicujus esse (Livius). Improperly, sub armis esse, habere (under arms) : (2) with accusative, in answer to whither? hence, under the earth, water, etc., will take accusative after verbs of motion. [Livy has sub terra viri demissi sunt in locum saxo conseptum ; here the state that follows is dwelt upon rather than the act. Key’s Gramm., p. 336. ] (a) Beneath the lower side of anything, sub terras ire (Vergilius) : (b) with reference to the lower part of an elevated object, sub ipsa mœnia progressus (Tacitus) ; missus sub muros (Livius) ; sub montem succedere (Cæsar) ; and so sub oculos cadere, venire : (3) with both cases also improperly, in the sense of subjection, dependence, subordination, etc. ; under his command, hujus sub imperio ; so sub Hannibale magistro ; quædam sub eo [Tito] fortuita ac tristia acciderunt (Suetonius) : so, under the pretence, sub titulo [æquandarum legum, Livius ] ; sub specie [liberandarum civitatium, Livius ] : under a condition, sub conditioner : under the condition, sub ea conditione [ut, ne, etc. ; e. g., ut ne quid. . . scriberet] : under these conditions, sub conditionibus his (Livius) : under penalty of death, sub pœna mortis (e. g., denuntiare aliquid, Suetonius). So with accusative after verbs implying motion. To fall under the power of the laws, sub potestatem legum cadere (Cicero) : to fall under the dominion of the Roman people, sub populi Romani imperium cadere (Cicero) : to reduce under the power of the Athenians, sub potestatem Atheniensium redigere (Nepos) ; so sub legis vincula aliquid conjicere (Livius, Vid. Krüger, in voce Sub) : subter (beneath, under, with accusative or ablative, mostly the former : subter radices Alpium ; virtus omnia subter se habet ; cupiditatem subter præcordia locare, Cicero) : infra (below, beneath : infra lunam nihil nisi mortale). In a few combinations in is used (e. g., to walk under the shade of plane-trees, in umbra platanorum ambulare) ; and Cf., in references to lexicographers, scholiasts, etc., “under the word μίτρα, ” etc., must be in (not sub) voce μίτρα (Frotsch. ad Muret., 1, p. 244). To leave anything concealed under his garment, aliquid veste tectum tenere : under anybody, vid. sub, above : under anybody’s guidance, aliquo duce : to fight under a general, sub aliquo militare : to be under the laws, legibus obnoxium esse : under anybody’s auspices, auspiciis (Cf., not sub auspiciis) alicujus : to have a horse shot undeer one, equum acie sub feminibus amittere : under these circumstances, his rebus ; quæ quum ita sint (essent, etc. ) in hoc (or in tali) tempore (= in this so critical a time : here in must be expressed) : to be under (= below) anybody, infra aliquem esse : inferiorem aliquo esse. || With reference to time.

Under so many (e. g., 30) years old, (1) minor triginta annis (Livius, 22, 11) : (2) minor triginta annis natu (Cicero, Verr., 2, 49, 122) : (3) minor triginta annos natus (Nepos, 23, 3) : (4) minores. . . octonum denum annorum (Livius, 38, 38). Other forms are, minor (triginta) annis : nondum (triginta) annos natus : (tricesimum) annum nondum egressus. Not to be able to arrive under seven days, intra septem dies venire non posse : not to be able to sell anything under, minori pretio aliquid non vendere. All agreed that the number of Carthaginian cavalry was not under two hundred, constabat non minus ducentos Carthaginienses equites fuisse (Livius) : under thirty days, minus triginta diebus (e. g., reversum esse). Cf., “Under” is sometimes translated by sub-, the inseparable preposition of a verb ; e. g., to lie under, subjacere : to place under, supponere, subjicere : to be under, subesse : to spread under, substernere. To place ducks’ eggs under hens, anatum ova gallinis supponere (Varro ; also supponere colla oneri, olivam prelo, etc. ) : corn is placed immediately under the roof tiles, frumentum tegulis subjacet (so monti subjacere, Plinius) : to bt under the power of fortune or chance, subjectum esse sub fortunæ dominationem. To include anything under another (of logical subdivisions, the meaning of words, etc. ), subjicere or supponere aliquid alicui rei (e. g., species, quæ sunt generi subjectæ ; quatuor partes, quæ subjiciuntur vocabulo recti ; huic generi partes quatuor supposuit, Cicero) : to reduce cities under the Roman power, urbes sub imperium populi Romani ditionemque subjungere (cf. novas provincias imperio nostro subjunxit, Velleius, 2, 39, at the end. ). For “to be under sail, ” “to tread under foot, “, etc., vid. the substantives.

UNDER (as adjective), inferior, etc. Sometimes by secundus ; sub- in composition (e. g., suppromus). The under lip, labrum inferius.

UNDER-AGE, Vid. MINOR.

UNDER-BUTLER, suppromus (Plautus).

UNDER-COOK, * coquus secundus.

UNDER-DONE, non bene percoctus (Plinius, 22, 25, 78).

UNDER-GARMENT, tunica interior : * vestis interior.

UNDERGO, || To suffer, endure. To undergo anything, subire aliquid : suscipere or recipere aliquid (to take upon one’s self : suscipere, a task, burden, etc., for the purpose of bearing it ; recipere, to take upon myself voluntarily the burden, etc., of another person, and make one’s self responsible for it, etc. ) : sustinere aliquid (to support or endure a burden). To undergo danger, pericula subire, ingredi or suscipere ; pericula adire (Cicero), obire (Livius) : to undergo a voluntary martyrdom, cruciatum subire voluntarium (Cicero, Off., 3, 29, 105 ; vid. also, SUFFER, ENDURE). || To pass through, suffer. To undergo a change, mutationem habere ; mutari.

UNDERGROUND, sub terra (e. g., habitare, with verbs of rest ; in Livius, the state after the act being considered, we have aliquem sub terra dimittere in locum saxo conseptum) : subterraneus. An underground cellar, hypogeum or hypogæum (Vitruvius).

UNDERHAND, clandestinus (e. g., colloquia cum aliquo ; consilia, etc. ) : occultus
(hidden ; e. g., consulta, Livius). As adverb, clam : occulte (occultius) : ex occulto : secreto (e. g., secreto in obscuro de aliqua re agere, Cæsar).

UNDERIVED, simplex verbum, quod ab alio nullo dictum or ductum est.

UNDER-LEATHER, * corium inferius.

UNDER-LIEUTENANT, * succenturio secundus.

UNDERLINE, * lineam ducere subter aliquid : * linea conspicuum reddere aliquid : Cf., not linea subnotare aliquid. In Appuleius, it is in linea subnotare, “to set down on a line. ”

UNDERLINGS, * ministri inferiores : magistratus minores : qui secundas partes agunt. Anybody’s underlings, alicujus satellites et ministri : Anybody’s creatures and underlings, alicujus asseclæ ; alicujus canes, quos circum se habet (if they are doing his dirty work in plundering others, Cicero).

UNDER-MASTER, hypodidascalus (ὑποδιδάσκαλος, Cicero, Fam., 9, 18, 14) : subdoctor (Ausonius).

UNDER-MILLSTONE, meta (opposed to catillus, the upper one).

UNDERMINE, || Properly, suffodere (to hollow underneath by digging) : subruere (general term, to overthrow from beneath ; e. g., a wall) : cuniculo or cuniculis subruere or subtrahere (to make a mine under for the purpose of destroying ; e. g., a wall. Cf., Plinius uses cavare oppida crebris cuniculis). A town that is undermined, a cuniculis suffossum oppidum. || Figuratively, subruere (to overthrow, destroy ; e. g., libertatem) : evertere (to overthrow ; e. g., rempublicam) : labefactare (to make to totter or fall ; e. g., rempublicam, amicitiam, justitiam).

UNDERMOST, Vid. LOWERMOST.

UNDERNEATH, Vid. BELOW, UNDER.

UNDERPART, pars inferior : inferiora (plural adjective) : infima or ima pars (undermost).

UNDERPAY, parum (non satis, maligne, etc. ) solvere.

UNDERPIN, Vid. UNDERPROP.

UNDERPLOT, * res minoris momenti : * altera quasi fabula.

UNDERPRIZE, Vid. UNDERVALUE.

UNDERPROP, fulcire : suffulcire (the latter mostly præ- and post-classical) : statuminare (with a pole) : substruere aliquid (to underbuild ; e. g., saxo quadrato). To underprop with rafters, etc., aliquid trabibus fulcire.

UNDERRATE, Vid. UNDERVALUE.

UNDER-SECRETARY, * secretarius secundus (as technical term for the sake of intelligibility).

UNDERSELL, minoris vendere, quam ceteri (or quam alius aliquis, naming the person undersold).

UNDER-SERVANT, * famulus inferior or inferioris ordinis.

UNDERSTAND, || To take in, to comprehend, accipere (to take in, grasp with the mind) : intelligere (the proper word ; anything, aliquid ; and also intelligere aliquem , to appreciate anybody’s character, motives, or method of acting ; opposed to aliquem ignorare ; e. g., parum Socrates ab hominibus sui temporis intelligebatur, was not understood by) : comprehendere, amplecti, or complecti, with or without mente (to comprehend, form a notion of) : percipere (to perceive). To understand imperfectly, aliquid parum accipere or minus intelligere : to understand thoroughly, penitus intelligere aliquid : to understand a writer, scriptorem intelligere : scriptoris cogitationem assequi et voluntatem interpretari : he who fixes his attention on a writer’s own statements, understands him far better than he who, etc., multo propius ad scriptoris voluntatem accedit, qui ex ipsius eam literis interpretatur, quam ille, qui, etc. : as far as I understand, quantum ego video or intelligo : do you understand what he says? num intelligis, quod hic narret? I understand, teneo : intelligo : dictum puta : I do not understand you, nescio quid velis : what am I to understand by this? quid hoc sibi vult? quorsum hoc dicis? to give to understand, alicui aliquid significare : to understand by (i. e., to attach such or such a notion to), intelligere, with a double accusative ; e. g., quem intelligimus divitem (Cicero), whom we understand by a rich man ; quid hoc loco honestum intelligit (Cicero)? what do we understand by moral good? or, intelligi velle, with a double accusative ; or dicere, with a double accusative ; Cf., not intelligere aliquid sub aliqua re, or per aliquid, which modern writers have sometimes employed in this sense. What are we to understand by this word? sub hac voce quæ subjicienda est sententia? quæ res subjicienda est huic nomini? to understand by (i. e., to mean, to intend), dicere : significare (with a double accusative ; e. g., eum enim significari murum ligneum, Nepos) ; Cf., not intelligere. || To have a knowledge of, to be skilled or versed in, aliquid intelligere (to have a clear insight into or acquaintance with ; e. g., multas linguas) : scire aliquid, or with an infinitive (to have a clear distinct knowledge of anything) : instructum esse aliqua re or ab aliqua re : doctum or eruditum esse aliqua re : alicujus rei non ignarum esse : peri̅tum esse alicujus rei : not to understand, aliquid nescire or ignorare : alicujus rei ignarum esse : to understand Latin, Latine scire : doctum esse Latinis literis : Latinæ linguæ peritum esse : to understand Greek as well as Latin, parem esse in Græcæ et Latinæ linguæ facultate : nec minus Græce quam Latine doctum esse. || To supply in thought (opposed to express), intelligere : simul audire (of a reader ; quum subtractum verbum aliquod satis ex ceteris inte11igitur, ut Cœlius in Antonium ” stupere gaudio Græcus, ” simul enim auditur “cœpit ” = cœpit is understood, Quintilianus) : intelligi, or audiri velle (of a writer ; hoc nomine donarunt ea, quæ non dicunt, verum intelligi volunt, Quintilianus) Cf., in this sense, subaudire and subintelligere are not classical ; supplere is not Latin.

UNDERSTANDING, || Intellect, mens : intelligentia : intelligendi vis or prudentia [SYN. and Phrases in INTELLECT]. || Agreement, vid.

UNDERTAKE, incipere (to begin, especially in a bold or spirited manner) : aggredi aliquid or ad aliquid (to attack) : sumere (to take in hand) : suscipere (to take upon one’s self) : recipere (to become responsible for) : moliri (to endeavor to accomplish something difficult or laborious ; this is construed also with an infinitive) : conari (to begin something that requires effort and pain ; usually with an infinitive) : audere (to attempt something dangerous or hazardous ; usually with an infinitive) : To undertake a work or labor, laborem sumere, suscipere, or recipere : to undertake a war, bellum incipere, sumere, or suscipere : to undertake a journey, iter incipere, aggredi, or inire (to enter upon) : iter suscipere (as a business or charge) : || Engage [vid. ENGAGE, intransitively]. || To undertake the care or charge of, curare : tueri (to keep in one’s sight or care) : recipere, suscipere (to take upon one’s self, the latter especially from one’s own impulse ; all followed by an accusative). To undertake the charge of anybody, curare de aliquo diligenter (to take care of) : prospicere or consulere alicui : consulere et prospicere alicujus rationibus (to consult his good) : aliquem tueri or defendere (to protect, defend him) : aliquem tueri et defendere, or aliquem tueri eique consulere ; suscipere or recipere aliquem ; adesse alicui (especially in a court of justice). To undertake the entire charge of anybody, totum aliquem suscipere ac tueri : to cease to undertake the charge of anybody, aliquem abjicere : not to undertake anybody’s cause, deesse alicui (especially in a court of justice) : to undertake the care of anything, curam alicujus rei suscipere : tueri et defendere rem (to defend) : causam suscipere or recipere ; causam tueri (in a court of justice). To undertake the care of the commonwealth, the state, suscipere salutem reipublicæ : to undertake the management of anything in good earnest, incumbere in rem (Cf., not alicui rei) : with the utmost zeal, omni cogitatione curaque incumbere in rem : not to undertake the care of a thing, rem negligere.

UNDERTAKER, libitinarius (Seneca, Benef., 6, 38, 3). To be an undertaker, Libitinam exercere (Valerius Max., 5, 2, 10) : (Cf., pollinctor, the slave who superintended the washing and anointing of the corpse ; he was in the service of the libitinarius : designator, the person who arranged the funeral procession, Seneca, loc. cit. ; hence included under our notion of undertaker).

UNDERTAKING, s., inceptio (a beginning) : inceptum (an act begun) : conatus, -ûs : conata, -orum, plural (a bold or vigorous beginning) : facinus (a bold or daring deed).

UNDERVALUE, * aliquid minoris, quam debeo (debebam, etc., or quam par est, erat, etc. ), æstimare.

UNDERWOOD, silva cædua (= either “silva, quæ in hoc habetur ut cædatur, ” or [Servius] quæ succisa rursus ex stipitibus aut radicibus renascitur, Gaius, Digests, 50, 16, 30 ; Catullus, Varro, Columella) : virgulta, -orum (brambles, etc., growing thick together).

UNDERWRITE, || To write one’s name under. [Vid. SUBSCRIBE. ] || To ensure (a vessel), etc., * cavere pro re (e. g., pro nave).

UNDERWRITER, qui cavet de or pro re.

UNDESERVED, immeritus (that one has not merited ; e. g., laus) : indignus (unworthy ; e. g., indignissimam fortunam subire) : falsus (unfounded, without cause ; e. g., invidia).

UNDESERVEDLY, immeritum in modum : immerito. Quite undeservedly, immeritissimo.

UNDESERVING, Vid. WORTHLESS.

UNDESIGNED, Vid. UNINTENTIONAL.

UNDESIGNEDLY, Vid. UNINTENTIONALLY.

UNDESIGNING, simplex : ingenuus.

UNDESIRABLE, minime cupiundus (expetendus, optandus, etc. ). To seem very undesirable., minime cupiundum videri : anything is very undesirable in itself, aliquid nihil in se habet (gloriæ), cur expetatur.

UNDETERMINED, dubius (doubtful) : incertus (uncertain). To be undetermined , magna consilii inopia affectum esse : I am undetermined what to do, dubius or incertus sum, quid faciam. Vid. UNDECIDED.

UNDEVELOPED, nondum patefactus. To be still undeveloped, nondum patefactum or detectum esse : a boy whose intellect is still undeveloped, puer ambigui ingenii (Plinius, Ep. 4, 2, in. ).

UNDIGESTED, indigestus : crudus (raw) : imperfectus (Celsus) : non concoctus : reses in corpore (Varro, R. R., 2, 11, 3). || Improperly, crudus (e. g., lectio) : quod in memoriam it, non in ingenium (after Seneca) : quod multa iteratione mollitum non est (vid. quotations in DIGEST).

UNDIMINISHED, illibatus (untasted ; hence, not lessened ; e. g., divitiæ ; magnitudo ; gloria ; imperium) : integer (not impaired ; e. g., opes ; vectigalia ; exercitus).

UNDISCERNIBLE, Vid. INVISIBLE.

UNDISCIPLINED, inexercitatus (unexercised) : rudis (raw). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) rudis et inexercitatus (e. g., miles, Cicero) : tiro, or tiro miles (lately-enlisted recruit ; opposed to veteranus ; also, improperly, in aliqua re tiro ac rudis) : * armis or disciplina militari nondum assuefactus (armis me assuefacere, Cicero ; disciplina assuefactus, Cæsar).

UNDISCOVERABLE, quod inveniri (reperiri) non potest. Anything is undiscoverable, aliquid non invenio, or reperire non possum. Cf., Indeprehensibilis, Pseudo-Quintilianus, ; e. g., error.

UNDISGUISED, apertus (open) : nudus (naked) : * sine ullis simulationum involucris ( simulationum involucris, Cicero, Qu. Fr., 1, 1, 5).

UNDISMAYED, Vid. UNDAUNTED.

UNDISPUTED, res cujus nulla est controversia or quæ in controversiam deducta (or adducta) non est, or non controversus, non dubius, minime dubius : (Cf., incontroversus is a doubtful reading in Cicero, Or., 1, 57, 241, the best manuscripts having in controversiis for incontroversi) : certus (opposed to dubius, controversusque, Cicero) : haud ambiguus (e. g., rex, Sallustius, an undisputed king, or whose title is undisputed). To assume anything as an undisputed truth, aliquid pro certo sumere : this is an undisputed truth, * hoc verum esse nemo negavit : the fact is undisputed, controversia nulla est facti.

UNDISTURBED, nullo motu perturbatus (undisturbed ; quies dignitas) : Cf., imperturbatus, of the Silver Age, is to be avoided on the same ground on which imperterritus is rejected by Quintilianus, 1, 5, 65. To live undisturbed, in otio et pace vivere : to leave anybody undisturbed, aliquem non vexare (not molest anybody) : aliquem non interpellare (not to interrupt anybody in his work, not to call his attention from it) : to remain undisturbed, non vexari ; non interpellari (not to be called off) : they let him pass through their country undisturbed, cum bona pace eum per fines suos transmiserunt.

UNDISTURBEDLY, quiete : placide : otiose : sine (molestis) interpellationibus.

UNDIVIDED, indivisus (not cloven ; e. g., hoof, ungula equi) : non separatus (sejunctus, etc. ) : communis (joint). To receive undivided applause, omnibus probari : undivided praise, uno omnium ore laudari ; ab omnibus laudari : not cloven, non fissus (of the hoofs of animals ; also, indivisus or solidus; opposed to bisulcus).

UNDO, || Properly, solvere, dissolvere : resolvere : expedire (to disentangle ; all, e. g., a knot). To undo the string by which a letter was fastened, epistolam solvere epistolæ vincula laxare (Nepos, Paus., 4, 1). || To recall or reverse what has been done, aliquid infectum reddere ; in integrum restituere. [Vid. UNDONE. ] || To ruin, vid.

UNDOING, || Act of making undone, by circumlocution with aliquid infectum reddere. || Ruin, vid.

UNDONE, infectus. To be as good as undone, pro infecto esse : to make what has been done undone [vid. To UNDO] : leaving undone what he had intended to do, infectis iis, quæ agere destinaverat (Cæsar).

UNDOUBTED, or

UNDOUBTFUL, non dubius : certus (certain). To be undoubted, nihil dubitationis or nullam dubitationem habere. Cf., Indubius and indubitatus do not occur before Tacitus, and Plinius.

UNDOUBTEDLY, haud dubie : certe. [Vid. CERTAINLY. ] || As an answer, certe : sane or vero (often with the verb used in the question) : sane quidem. Sometimes recte : optime (of courteous assent). Do you grant us this? dasne hoc nobis ?

Undoubtedly I do, do sane (Pract., Intr. ii. 148, 149).

UNDRESS, exuere aliquem veste (general term, to take off anybody’s clothes) : detrahere alicui vestem (to draw off his clothes) : nudare aliquem (to strip him ; i. e., in order to scourge him) : aliquem veste or vestibus spoliare (to deprive of clothing). To undress one’s self, exuere vestem ; ponere, deponere vestem (to put off one’s clothes) : an undressing room, apodyterium (especially at the baths).

UNDRESSED, nudus (naked) : inornatus (unadorned ; e. g., mulier, comæ) : incoctus (præ-classical, Plautus ; caro, Fab., Pict. ) : crudus (raw ; e. g., leather, corium, Varro ; broom ; spartum. Columella = non malleatum, id. ) : rudis (in its natural rough state ; of stones [saxum, Quintilianus] and other materials).

UNDUE, Vid. IMPROPER, ILLEGAL, EXCESSIVE.

UNDULATE, undare : fluctuare.

UNDULATION, by circumlocution with undare or undis moveri.

UNDULATORY, The undulatory theory, * ratio eorum, qui lucem (non rectis emissam esse lineis, sed) quasi undis quibusdam moveri docent.

UNDULY, Vid. IMPROPERLY, EXCESSIVELY.

UNDUTIFUL, impius (wickedly violating the pietas that should be observed toward parents, etc. ; impius erga parentes, Suetonius) : inofficiosus (neglecting to perform kind offices, etc., in aliquem , Cicero). Vid. DISOBEDIENT.

UNDUTIFULNESS, impietas (in aliquem).

UNEASILY, moleste (with trouble to one’s self, etc. ) : male (general term, ill ; e. g., * quiescere; opposed to bene quiescere, of a sick person, Plinius) : Cf., inquiete very late. To breathe uneasily, ægre ducere spiritum ; spiritus difficilius redditur.

UNEASINESS, pavor (the uneasiness of a person in fear, of a coward, of one terrified) : sollicitudo (uneasiness on account of an evil threatening from a distance) : trepidatio (restlessness of body as a sign of uneasiness) : timor (uneasy fear of anything) : æstus (great uneasiness, anxious embarrassment) : Cf., inquietudo late (Seneca). Full of uneasiness, anxius ; trepidans or trepidus ; sollicitus : to suffer much uneasiness, angore cruciari : to cause uneasiness to anybody, anxiis curis implore alicujus animum ; sollicitudinem alicui struere ; trepidationem alicui injicere.

UNEASY, (1) Of things, qui (quæ, quod) corpori resistit (of beds, cushions, etc., culcita) : inquietus (restless ; e. g., nnx) : (2) Of persons, anxius : sollicitus (troubled : anxius, especially of the uneasiness caused by present evils ; sollicitus, by future or threatening ones ; vid. Gœrenz, Cic., Fin., 2, 17, 55) : pavidus : trepidus or trepidans [vid. UNEASINESS]. To be uneasy about anything, anxium esse re or de re (seldom with accusative or genitive ; on account of anybody, pro aliquo) : to make uneasy, angere : sodicitare or sollicitum habere (to cause uneasiness to anybody) ; anxium et sollicitum habere ; afflictare (to make very uneasy) : to make anybody very uneasy, vehementer angere ; vexare ; urere ; cruciare ; discruciare : to be uneasy, angi ; animo sollicito esse : animo tremere, pavere : about anything, (animo) angi de re : about anybody, angorem capere ; sollicitum esse pro aliquo : to be extremely uneasy, angore confici ; æstuare ; angoribus premi, agitari, urgeri ; angi intimis sensibus : to feel uneasy (from apprehension) about anything, timere aliquid : to make dreadfully uneasy, miseris modis sollicitare : to make one’s self uneasy, se afflictare : about anything, de aliqua re anxie ferre aliquid.

UNEDIFYING (of the orator or his oration), frigidus : jejunus.

UNEDUCATED, ineruditus : indoctus (unlearned) : rudis (raw, etc. ) : nulla disciplinâ assuefactus (not accustomed to discipline) : male educatus (ill-educated).

UNEMPLOYED, otiosus (at leisure ; having no public office ; of persons ; unoccupied, of time, etc. ; also not put out to interest, etc., of money, pecuniæ) : feriatus (making holiday) : nullis occupationibus implicitus (Cicero). To be unemployed, otiosum esse ; nihil negotii habere. Money or capital is unemployed, pecuniæ otiosæ jacent : even my leisure hours have never been unemployed, mihi ne otium quidem unquam otiosum fuit (Cicero).

UNENCUMBERED (with debts), liber (of persons and things, s., Brutus, Cic., ad Div., 11, 10, quite at the end) : ære alieno liberatus (who has paid off all his old debts). An unencumbered estate, prædium solutum (opposed to prædium obligatum).

UNENDOWED, to be unendowed, * possessiones donatas non habere. Vid. To ENDOW.

UNENGLISH, * quod alienum est or abhorret aproprietate linguæ Britannicæ (with reference to language) : quod abhorret, or recedit a more, or moribus Britannorum (of customs or conduct).

UNENLIGHTENED
(of men), rudis (uncultivated, as Ovidius, Fast., 2, 292, rude vulgus) : impolitus : ineruditus (without education ; opposed to eruditus, as Cicero, De Or., 2, 31, 133, “genus hoc eorum, qui sibi eruditi videntur, hebes atque impolitum”).

Unenlightened ages of the world, minus erudita hominum secula (Cicero, Rep., 2, 10).

UNENVIED, non invidiosus (not exciting envy ; of things) : sine invidia.

UNEQUAL, impar (denotes inequality as to quantity, either arithmetically [= odd, of numbers], or as involving a relative weakness) : dispar (refers to quality, without distinguishing on which side of the comparison the advantage lies ; but also used generally, dispăres cicutæ, of unequal length, Vergilius) : inæqualis (general term; opposed to sequus, equal ; e. g., of the sides of a triangle ; then improperly of what is not regular, auctumni, etc. ) : disparilis (very rare, but classical ; aspiratio terrarum, Cicero ; pabulum ; formæ, Varro ; vites, Columella). Equal in boldness, unequal in prudence, par audacia, consilio impar : unequal in numbers, nequaquam numero pares.

Unequal (of things relatively to each other), dispares inter se. || Not equal to a task, impărem esse alicui rei (opposed to parem esse ; e. g., negotiis) : aliquid sustinere non posse (e. g., molem) : alicujus vires non sufficiunt (Cæsar, ; ad aliquid, Quintilianus) : aliquid ferre non posse (e. g., to be unequal to the labor, ferre operis laborem non posse, Cæsar). || Unequal marriages, impares nuptiæ. Because she had made an unequal marriage, quod juncta impări esset (i. e., with a person of inferior rank, Livius, 6, 349).

UNEQUALLED, Vid. INCOMPARABLE.

UNEQUALLY, inæqualiter : impariter (Horatius) : dispariliter (Varro).

UNEQUIVOCAL, haud ambiguus.

UNEQUIVOCALLY, haud ambigue : relictis ambiguitatibus.

UNERRING, certus (sure ; also of a deity, oracle, etc. †) : qui errare non potest.

UNERRINGLY, Vid. CERTAINLY.

UNESSENTIAL, * ad rem ipsam, or ad naturam rei, non pertinens (not belonging to the nature of) : * cum ipsa re, or cum natura rei non conjunctus (not closely connected with) : assumtivus : adventicius : arcessitus (added from something external). Vid. ESSENTIAL.

UNEVEN, iniquus : inæquabilis (opposed to æquus, æqualis) : asper (rough ; opposed to lævis).

UNEVENNESS, ini̅quitas (opposed to æquitas) : asperitas (roughness ; opposed to lævitas).

UNEXAMINED, non exploratus (not inquired into in general). κυρικιμασαηικο

UNEXAMPLED, unicus : singularis (unique) : novus (new) : inauditus (unheard of) : novus et inauditus : inauditus et novus. This is quite unexampled, nullum est hujus facti simile.

UNEXCEPTIONABLE (e. g., witness), testis locuples or probus : testimony, testimonium firmum or certum.

UNEXECUTED, imperfectus (post-Augustan). To leave unexecuted, omittere (to omit, leave, leave alone ; e. g., a plan, consilium) : abjicere (to renounce, give up ; e. g., the building, ædificationem).

UNEXERCISED, inexercitatus : rudis (raw) : tiro (a freshman, a recruit ; all three with in aliqua re). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) tiro ac rudis in aliqua re.

UNEXPECTED, inexspectatus : inopinatus (unlooked for ; what happens when least expected) : necopinatus (hardly presumable, that is hardly looked upon as possible) : repentinus (that happens all on a sudden).

UNEXPECTEDLY, præter opinionem : (ex) inopinato : improviso : (ex) insperato : præter exspectationem : repente. To fall upon anybody unexpectedly, aliquem necopinantem or imprudentem opprimere.

UNEXPLORED, inexploratus (Livius, not Cicero, or Cæsar).

UNEXTINGUISHED, inexstinctus (an Ovidian word).

UNFADING (e. g., glory), gloria immortalis : Cf., immarcescibilis, post-classical(Tertullianus).

UNFAIR, iniquus (of persons and things ; opposed to æquus ; e. g., judge, law, condition) : injustus (unjust, of persons and things ; opposed to justus, meritus, debitus ; e. g., interest) : immeritus (undeserved, with preceding negative ; e. g., laudes haud immeritæ). It is unfair, iniquum or injustum est (with accusative and infinitive) : to make unfair demands, iniqua postulare : to show one’s self unfair, iniquum esse in aliquem. An unfair proceeding, inique or injuste factum : to ask anything that is unfair, iniquum postulare.

UNFAIRLY, inique : injuste.

UNFAIRNESS, iniquitas.

UNFAITHFUL, infidelis (not faithful) : infidus (not to be depended on) : perfidus : perfidiosus (habitually false, perfidious). To make anybody unfaithful, aliquem fide dimovere ; to anybody, aliquem dimovere ab aliquo : to become unfaithful, fidem movere : to be unfaithful to anybody, ab aliquo deficere : aliquem deserere : my memory is unfaithful, memoria labat, mihi non constat, or me deficit : memoria labor : to be unfaithful to one’s duty, ab officio discedere or recedere : to be unfaithful to one’s self, a se desciscere or discedere.

UNFAITHFULLY, perfidiose (Cicero) ; perfide (post-Augustan) ; infideliter (very late ; Salvianus) : Cf., infide not found.

UNFAITHFULNESS, infidelitas : perfidia (faithlessness). SYN. in UNFAITHFUL.

UNFASHIONABLE, * horum luxuriæ non conveniens : res, qua hujus ætatis homines non delectantur or quæ hujus ætatis hominibus displicet. To practise an unfashionable degree of economy in anything, potius ad antiquorum diligentiam quam ad horum luxuriam facere aliquid (after Varro, R. R., 1, 13, 6).

UNFASTEN, Vid. UNFIX.

UNFATHOMABLE, infinita or immensa altitudine. Figuratively, inexplicabilis (not to be unravelled).

Unfathomable darkness, spissæ tenebræ : spissa caligo.

UNFAVORABLE, iniquus : non æquus (unsuitable, troublesome, especially of locality ; opposed to æquus, e. g., ground, locus) : alienus (foreign to, not to the purpose ; opposed to opportunus ; e. g., locus, tempus) : adversus (adverse, against anybody ; opposed to secundus ; e. g., wind) :

Unfavorable situation, circumstances, res adversæ : unfavorable conjunctures, tempora iniqua. To send an unfavorable report of anybody to the Senate, aliquid secus de aliquo senatui scribere (Livius, 8, 33, mid. ).

UNFAVORABLY, animo iniquo ; maligne.

UNFEATHERED, Vid. UNFLEDGED.

UNFED, impastus (†).

UNFEELING, durus : ferus : ferreus : inhumanus (figuratively, hard, unsympathizing, inhuman). To be unfeeling, durum, ferreum, inhumanum esse ; inhumano esse ingenio : very unfeeling, omnem humanitatem exuisse or abjecisse : obduruisse et omnem humanitatem exuisse : omnem humanitatis sensum amisisse. I am not so unfeeling as not, etc. non sum ille ferreus, qui, etc. : to render unfeeling, * ferreum, inhumanum reddere : to render very unfeeling, obducere callum alicujus animo ; omnem humanitatem alicui extorquere (the latter, to deprive, as it were, of all human feeling by violence) : to grow or become unfeeling, abjicere humanitatem suam.

UNFEIGNED, verus (true ; opposed to simulatus) : sincerus (genuine; opposed to fucatus).

UNFEIGNEDLY, vere : sincere : simpliciter : sine fuco et fallaciis : animo or ex animo (from the heart). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) ex animo vereque (e. g., diligere aliquem).

UNFETTER, Vid. UNSHACKLE.

UNFETTERED, qui est sine vinculis.

UNFINISHED, imperfectus : inchoatus (only in its beginning). An unfinished building, ædes inchoatæ. Vid. IMPERFECT.

UNFIT, non aptus (unsuitable, unapt ; of persons and things) ; for anything, ad or in aliquid : non idoneus (not serviceable, not proper for a given purpose ; of persons and things) ; for anything, alicui rei, ad aliquid : inutilis alicui rei or (mostly) ad aliquid (not serviceable for a purpose) : inhabilis (not manageable, ” hence, also, unfit, etc. ; of persons or things, alicui rei or ad aliquid) : minus commodus : incommodus (inconvenient, unpleasant ; e. g., conversation, colloquium) : alienus (foreign to, unfavorable, especially of place and time) ; for or to anybody or anything, alicui or alicui rei, ab aliquo or ab aliqua re : ineptus (unapt, absurd, of things) : minime aptus : iners (from laziness, etc. ; e. g., unfit for business). Paper unfit for writing on, charta inutilis scribendo.

Unfit to be eaten, ad vescendum hominibus non aptus (after Cicero, N. D., 2, 64, 160) : very unfit for anything, ad or in aliquid alienissimus ; for anybody or anything, ab aliquo or ab aliqua re.

UNFITLY, incommode : inepte.

UNFITNESS, inutilitas : the unfitness of anybody for business, inertia. Vid. UNSUITABLENESS.

UNFIX, refigere (opposed to figere, affigere).

UNFLEDGED, implumis.

UNFOLD, explicare (properly and figuratively) : aperire (to open, also figuratively = to lay down) : explanare (figuratively, to lay down, or explain with words). To unfold itself, explicari ; se evolvere : to unfold itself or its blossoms (of flowers), florem aperire or expandere : dehiscere ac sese pandere. For figuratively sense, vid., also, DEVELOP.

UNFOLLOWED, Vid. UNHEEDED.

UNFORBIDDEN, Anything is unforbidden, licet (it is permitted) : licitum concessumque est (it is granted) : nihil impedit, quominus, etc. (there
is nothing to prevent our doing this, quominus hoc faciamus).

UNFORESEEN, improvisus. Vid. UNEXPECTED.

UNFORGIVING, Vid. IMPLACABLE.

UNFORGOTTEN, nondum oblivioni traditus ; quod immortali memoria aliquis retinet (after Cicero, and Nepos).

UNFORMED, informis (shapeless) : non formatus, etc.

UNFORTIFIED, immunitus : non munitus.

UNFORTUNATE, Vid. UNLUCKY.

UNFORTUNATELY, Vid. UNLUCKILY.

UNFOUNDED, Vid. GROUNDLESS.

UNFREQUENTED, minus celeber : inceleber (not visited by much company) : desertus (deserted; opposed to celeber, of places, etc. ).

UNFREQUENTLY, Vid. SELDOM.

UNFRIENDLINESS, tristitia : asperitas : inclementia.

UNFRIENDLY, inimicus. If = unfavorable to, vid.

UNFRUITFUL, infecundus (with regard to productive power ; also of the soil ; opposed to fecundus) : sterilis (with regard to the effect of the productive power ; that bears no fruit ; also of the soil, the year ; opposed to fertilis and [with reference to the soil] opimus ; and of women).

UNFRUITFULNESS, sterilitas (opposed to fertilitas) : infecunditas (posl-Augustan, Columella, Tacitus).

UNFULFILLED, irritus : infectus (not accomplished). To remain unfulfilled, exitum or eventum non habere ; non evenire (of dreams, prophecies, etc).

UNFURL, To unfurl sails, vela dare ventis ; vela tendere or pandere (†).

UNFURNISHED, (house), domus nuda atque inanis (opposed to exornata atque instructa, but of one of which the furniture has been plundered).

Unfurnished with anything, imparatus ab aliqua re (e. g., a militibus, a pecunia).

Utterly unfurnished with the necessary means, omnibus rebus imparatissimus (Cæsar).

UNGAINLY, Vid. CLUMSY.

UNGENEROUS, || With reference to distribution of money, illiberalis :

Ungenerous conduct, illiberalitas. || With reference to sentiment, non or minime generosus : illiberalis.

UNGENTLE, asper : horridus : immitis (appears first in Livius, and afterward rather in poetry than in prose).

UNGENTLEMANLY, illiberalis. An ungentlemanly action, illiberale facinus (Terentianus).

UNGENTLY, aspere.

UNGIRD, discingere : recingere (in Augustan poets, etc., especially Ovidius).

UNGIRT, non cinctus : discinctus.

UNGODLINESS, Vid. IMPIETY.

UNGODLY, Vid. IMPIOUS.

UNGOVERNABLE, impotens (unable to restrain itself or himself ; of persons, the mind, passion, etc., animus, animi motus). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) ferox impotensque (Cicero) : ferox atque impotens (e. g., mulier, Suetonius ; what a burst or outbreak of an ungovernable temper! quæ effrenatio impotentis animi! Cicero) : indomitus (untamed) : effrenatus (unbridled). Vid. UNBRIDLED.

UNGRACEFUL, invenustus : inelegans : inconcinnus (without the grace of symmetry and proportion).

UNGRACIOUS, iniquus (unfavorably disposed) : minus familiaris (e. g., vultus, Suetonius) : parum comis (uncourteous).

UNGRACIOUSLY, parum familiariter : * parum comiter : minus familiari vultu (e. g., respicere aliquem).

UNGRAMMATICAL, vitiosus (incorrect) : barbarus (not Latin, Greek, etc. ).

UNGRATEFUL, ingratus (not mindful of a benefit received, but also in the sense of not paying or rewarding anybody’s pains) : beneficii, beneficiorum immemor (unmindful of a past favor, unthankful as to character or sentiment) : ingratus in referenda gratia (unthankful, not displaying gratitude).

UNGROUNDED, Vid. GROUNDLESS.

UNGUARDED, immunitus (unfortified) : incustoditus (unprotected ; of persons and things) : sine custodiis (without escort).

Unguarded words, etc., or words that escape from anybody in an unguarded moment, verbum, quod ex alicujus ore excidit or quod excidit fortuito, or quod aliquo imprudente excidit.

UNGUARDEDLY, temere (rashly). To say anything unguardedly., aliquid (ex alicujus ore) excidit fortuito.

UNHALLOWED, non consecratus (opposed to sacratus) : profanus (opposed to sacer).

UNHAPPILY, Vid. UNLUCKILY.

UNHAPPINESS, miseria (opposed to beatitudo) : infelicitas (Plautus ; very rare).

UNHAPPY, infelix : miser. Vid. MISERABLE.

UNHARMONIOUS, discors : discrepans : dissonus (Livius).

UNHARNESS, helcio amovere equum : helcium dimovere ab equo (both in Appuleius).

UNHEALTHINESS, (1) Of men, ad ægrotandum proclivitas (a predisposition for any illness, Cicero, Tusc., 4, 12, 28) : tenuis or incommoda, or infirma, or infirma atque ægra, or mala valetudo : valetudinis imbecillitas, or (from context) valetudo only (weak health) : corporis imbecillitas or infirmitas (bodily weakness). Cf., Instead of invaletudo in Cicero, Orelli has introduced every where valetudo, the reading of the best manuscripts (vid. his notes to Cicero, Att., 7, 2, 1. ) (2) Unhealthy nature of a place, etc., pestilens loci natura ; of the season, pestilentia, gravitas or intemperies cœli.

UNHEALTHY, || Sickly, morbosus (præ- and post-classical [including Varro], e. g., servus, Catullus ; pecus, Varro) : valetudinarius (not Cicero ; pecus, Varro ; opposed to sanum pecus, and as substantive, Seneca) : ad ægrotandum proclivis (predisposed to disease, subject to disease ; cf. Cicero Tusc., 4, 12, 27 and 28) : invalidus : infirmus : imbecillus (imbecillis later only) : affectus valetudine. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) invalidus et æger : æger atque invalidus : infirmus atque æger (weak, indisposed, suffering, with reference to the body as well as the state of health, valetudo) : valetudine infirmior (having weak health) : causarius (post- Augustan, containing something that prevents activity, etc., corpus, partes, Seneca ; so Plinius, In Livius = “invalided soldier”). To be unhealthy, valetudine incommoda (or infirma, or tenui) esse ; et valetudine et natura esse imbecillum ; semper infirma atque etiam ægra valetudine esse (if continually). How miserably unhealthy (anybody) was, quam tenui fuit aut nulla potius valetudine. || Unfavorable to health, insaluber (not healthy; opposed to saluber ; e. g., ager, fundus ; vinum) : bonæ valetudini contrarius (injurious to health ; e. g., alimenta) : pestilens (containing morbid substance or particles ; hence unhealthy, bad ; opposed to saluber ; e. g., ædes, annus, aer ; aspiratio ; natura loci) : gravis (oppressive, and thus injurious to health, dangerous ; e. g., cœlum ; anni tempus ; locus). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) gravis et pestilens (e. g., vapors, aspiratio) : vitiosus (injurious, impregnated with noxious elements; opposed to saluber ; e. g., regio) : unhealthy weather, pestilentia et gravitas cœli : intemperies cœli.

UNHEARD (of), inauditus : novus (new). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) inauditus ante hoc tempus ac novus : portenti similis (strange, rare in the highest degree, almost miraculous). Sulla, after the victory, displayed the most unheard of cruelty, Sulla post victoriam audito fuit crudelior : that is a thing unheard of, nullum hujus facti simile. || Untried ; his defence not listened to ; vid. UNTRIED.

UNHEATED, non calefactus.

UNHEEDED, neglectus. To leave anything unheeded, negligere (e. g., alicujus præcepta) ; non obtemperare (e. g., alicujus dictis) ; anybody’s advice, alicujus consilium spernere (†) ; anybody’s warning, aliquem monentem spernere (†) or non audire : not to let anything pass unheeded, aliquid in pectus suum dimittere (Sallustius).

UNHEEDFUL, Vid. INATTENTIVE.

UNHESITATINGLY, sine ulla dubitatione : non hæsitans (e. g., respondebo, Cicero).

UNHEWN, rudis (general term for what is in its rough, natural state) : infabricatus (of timber ; Vergilius, Æn., 4, 400).

Unhewn stone, saxum cæmenticium (opposed to saxum quadratum, Vitruvius).

UNHINGE, || Properly, de cardine vellere (violently, † Vergilius). || Improperly, aliquem or alicujus animum de statu (omni) dejicere, or certo de statu demovere (Cicero).

UNHISTORICAL, contra historiæ fidem dictus or scriptus. The unhistorical ages, minus erudita hominum secula (ut fingendi proclivis esset ratio, quum imperiti facile ad credendum impellerentur, Cicero, Rep., 2, 10).

Unhistorical narratives, fabulæ (opposed to facta, Cicero).

UNHOLY, Vid. GODLESS, IMPIOUS.

UNHOOK, refigere (general term for unfix) : diffibulare : refibulare (what had been buckled).

UNHOPED (FOR), insperatus (e. g., gaudium). Vid. UNEXPECTED.

UNHORSE, aliquem de equo dejicere or deturbare.

UNHURT, illæsus. Vid. UNINJURED.

UNICORN, monocĕros, -otis (the fabulous quadruped, and the constellation) : * monŏdon, -ontis (the sea-unicorn, Livius).

UNIFORM, semper eodem modo formatus (always formed in the same manner, as Quintilianus, 9, 3, 3, quotidianus ac semper eodem modo formatus sermo ; of the language of every day life) : similis atque idem : similis semper (similar, and almost one and the same, after Plinius, 10, 35, 52 ; Cicero, De Inv., 1, 41, 76) : unius generis (opposed to ex pluribus partibus constans, Livius, 9, 19, 8, comparing the Grecian phalanx to the Roman legion hence = composed of exactly
similar parts) : æquabilis (equable : uniform motion, motus certus et æquabilis, Cicero) : uniformis (post-Augustan, Tacitus) ; (The words are found in this connection and order. ) simplex et uniformis.

UNIFORM, s., militaris ornatus (Cicero) : habitus, or cultus, or vestitus militaris : Cf., sagum = the Roman military dress ; hence saga sumere, ad saga ire, etc.

UNIFORMITY, similitudo (e. g., in omnibus rebus similitudo est satietatis mater, Cicero, De Inv., 1, 41, 76 ; similitudo casuum, Tacitus) : æquabilitas (e. g., motus, vitæ, actionum).

UNIFORMLY, semper eodem modo (Quintilianus, 9, 3, 3) : similiter semper (Cicero, De Inv., 1, 41, 76, where we read similiter semper ingredi argumentationem).

UNIMPAIRED, integer (whole) : intactus (untouched) : inviolatus (unviolated) : invulneratus (unwounded) : incorruptus (untainted, spoiled in no part) : incolumis (unhurt).

UNIMPASSIONED, placidus : quietus : quem animi motus, perturbationes non tangunt (calm, free from emotion or passion, tranquil, as a commendation ; all of persons) : sedatus : placidus : summissus : lenis (gentle, calm ; opposed to fortis ; of speech, as a commendation) : languidus (feeble, weak ; of speech, as blame) : animi perturbatione liber or vacuus (without violent emotion of mind) : cupiditatis or cupiditatum expers : omni cupiditate carens : cupiditate privatus : cupiditate intactus (free from desires). To be quite unimpassioned, ab omni animi perturbatione liberum or vacuum esse ; omni perturbatione animi carere.

UNIMPEACHED, non accusatus.

UNIMPEDED, non impeditus : expeditus (without encumbrances or difficulties) : liber (free).

UNIMPORTANT, levis, etc. [Vid. INCONSIDERABLE, INSIGNIFICANT. ]So unimportant, tantulus (of things, Cæsar) : to represent anything as unimportant, rem elevare or verbis extenuare : to consider anything as unimportant, aliquid parvi facere ; aliquid in levi habere (Tacitus) : an unimportant reason, levior causa : to interest one’s self about unimportant matters, minutiarum esse curiosum : he always looked upon anything as unimportant, aliquid ei semper res levissima fuit (opposed to res sanctissima). Seemingly unimportant, primo aspectu levis (e. g., res).

UNIMPROVABLE, omnibus numeris absolutus : perfectus (finished) : omni vitio carens (quite faultless).

UNINFORMED, || Not informed (of anything, or that anything is so), non edoctus. || Uninstructed ; vid. UNEDUCATED.

UNINHABITABLE, inhabitabilis. To be altogether uninhabitable, omni cultu vacare.

UNINHABITED, non habitatus : desertus (Cicero).

Uninhabited districts, loca deserta (Nepos, Eum., 8, 5).

UNINJURED, in quo nihil est vitii (that has no injury, no flaw, etc. ; especially of buildings ; opposed to vitiosus) : illæsus (unhurt, unviolated ; opposed to læsus) : integer (whole, intact ; opposed to læsus) : incolumis (undamaged ; opposed to afflictus, vitiosus ; e. g., ship, navis) : salvus (safe, in good condition ; e. g., letter, epistola). If the walls and the roof are uninjured, si nihil est in parietibus aut in tecto vitii.

UNINSPIRED, * divino spiritu intactus : sine aliquo afflatu divino (Cicero). Not uninspired, non sine inflammatione animi (-orum) et quodam afflatu quasi furoris (Cicero, of poetical inspiration). κυρικιμασαηικο

UNINSTRUCTED, integer or rudis et integer (whose mind is not injured by wrong notions received, but is a tabula rasa, to receive the impressions a teacher wishes to make ; e. g., discipulus, Cicero). Vid. UNEDUCATED.

UNINTELLIGIBLE, quod fugit intelligentiæ nostræ vim et notionem : quod nullius mens aut cogitatio capere potest : non apertus ad intelligendum : obscurus (dark, obscure. ; e. g., narratio). Vid. INCOMPREHENSIBLE.

UNINTENTIONAL, fortuitus : non cogitatus : incogitatus (post-Augustan, Seneca).

UNINTENTIONALLY, imprudenter : per imprudentiam : inconsulte : temere. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) inconsulte ac temere : temere ac fortuito : casu (by accident). Often by the adjectives, insciens, imprudens (e. g., feci aliquid).

UNINTERESTING, jejunus : jejunus et aridus (dry, of writings and their authors).

UNINTERRUPTED, continens : continuus (immediately following one another, without any break) : contextus (hanging together, not interrupted ; e. g., voluptates ; cura) : assiduus (continuous, continually present ; hence of things that are always extant, or at hand ; e. g., rain, work) : perpetuus (perpetual, lasting to the very end, continual, everlasting ; e. g., happiness, friendship) : perennis (through years or for ages, lasting continually). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) continuus et perennis (e. g., motion, motio).

UNINTERRUPTEDLY, continenter (Cf., continue and continuo are not classical) : uno tenore : perpetuo.

UNINVESTIGATED, inexploratus : non exploratus.

UNINVITED, invocatus :

Uninvited guest or visitor, umbra (i. e., whom an invited guest brings with him, as his friend and companion ; vid. Horatius, Sat., 2, 8, 21).

UNION, || The uniting, junctio : conjunctio : congregatio : consociatio. [SYN. in JOIN]. || United body, societas (body united for a common purpose ; society) : concursus (the coming together of things ; e. g., honestissimorum studiorum) : conjunctio (the joining, assemblage ; of things).

UNIQUE, unicus : singularis. to be unique in its kind, in suo genere singularem esse.

UNISON, Vid. HARMONY.

UNIT, monas, -ădis, feminine ; pure Latin, unitas : Number is the aggregate of units, numerus perficitur ex singularibus rebus, quæ μονάδες apud Græcos dicuntur.

UNITE, || Transitively, [Vid. To CONNECT ; To JOIN. ] || Intransitively, Vid. To CONCUR ; To COALESCE.

UNITY, || Properly, unitas : unitatis ratio. To reduce anything to unity, aliquid ad unitatis rationem reducere . || Concord, vid.

UNIVERSAL, universus : generalis (concerning the whole) : communis (common, of or belonging to all) : vulgaris : tritus (used in common, every where usual) : vulgaris communisque. Sometimes to be rendered by omnis ; e. g., universal laughter followed, omnium consecutus est risus. The Universal Father, communis omnium parens : operum (or rerum) omnium parens et effector : summus or maximus mundi parens.

UNIVERSALLY, in universum : universe : generatim : generaliter : generatim atque universe (all = in general ; opposed to sigillatim or per singulas species) : communiter (opposed to separatim) : si rem omnem spectas.

Universally known, omnibus notus : universally beloved, omnibus gratus acceptusque.

UNIVERSITY, * academia : * universitas literaria or literarum. To be at the university, * inter academiæ cives versari : * in academia studiorum causa versari.

UNIVOCAL, univocus (Mart. Capell. ) : * vox, cui una tantum res subjicitur : haud ambiguus.

UNJUST, injustus (violating the duties which we owe to others ; of persons or things) : injurius (encroaching on the rights or privileges of others ; very rare ; Terentius, Andr., 2, 3, 2 ; and Cicero, Off., 3, 23, 89 ; of persons or actions) : injuriosus (who is given to commit injustice, to wrong others ; also, improperly, pes, ventus, †) : iniquus (unfair, and of whatever betrays unfair dealing). Cf., The “injustus” acts contrary to established right and law ; the “iniquus” against morality. An unjust war, bellum impium, injusta arma (e. g., inferre alicui, Livius) : it is unjust, iniquum or injustum est : to make an unjust demand, iniqua postulare : to be unjust toward anybody, iniquum esse in aliquem.

Unjust toward anybody, injuriosus in aliquem (Cicero), adversus aliquem (Seneca) : anything is unjust toward one’s country, aliquid injustum in patriam est. To make an unjust decree, injuriose decernere : how unjust it is that, etc., quam inique comparatum est, ut (Terentianus), quod (Cicero, of social arrangements, etc. ). An unjust will, testamentum improbum or inofficiosum (inofficiosum, when nothing is left to one’s nearest relations).

UNJUSTIFIABLE, quod nihil excusationis habet (e. g., vitium) : iniquissimus.

UNJUSTIFIABLY, iniquissimo modo.

UNJUSTIFIED, non purgatus : non excusatus. SYN. in To JUSTIFY.

UNJUSTLY, injuste : inique (e. g., to act, facere) : injuriose (e. g., decernere ; aliquem injuriosius tractare). To act unjustly, injuste or (Nepos) male et injuste facere.

UNKIND, inofficiosus (not apt to perform kind offices to one ; in aliquem) : parum benignus : inhumanus : humanitatis expers (of persons) : iratus (angry) : alienatus (behaving like a stranger). Not so much as an unkind word, ne vox quidem incommoda.

UNKINDLY, inhumane : irate. To look unkindly upon anybody, aliquem minus familiari vultu respicere.

UNKINDNESS, inhumanitas : asperitas. An unkindness, inhumane factum.

UNKNOWING, Vid. IGNORANT.

UNKNOWINGLY, Vid. IGNORANTLY. .

UNKNOWN, ignotus (not known, as a stranger) : incognitus (not recognised as such or such a one).

Unknown to me or myself, me nescio (without thinking of it, or giving it a thought ; opposed to me conscio) : me insciente (without my knowledge ; opposed to me sciente) : me invito (against my will). To remain
unknown, a nemine cognosci.

UNLABORED, An unlabored but correct style, purus sermo et dissimilis curæ (Quintilianus, 8, 3, 14).

UNLADE, Vid. To UNLOAD.

UNLAMENTED, e. g., to die unlamented, a nemine deploratum mori. Vid. UNMOURNED.

UNLAWFUL, inconcessus (poetical and Quintilianus) : non concessus : vetitus : nefas (against the laws of God and man) : non legitimus (Cf., illegitimus to be avoided) : iniquus : non justus.

Unlawful means, artes malæ : to be unlawful, non licere ; illicitum esse. [On illicitus, vid. ILLICIT. ]

UNLAWFULLY, contra legem or leges : præter leges or jus : contra jus fasque : contra fas et jus (against the laws of God and man).

UNLAWFULNESS, by circumlocution. To deny the unlawfulness of anything, negare aliquid legi (-ibus) repugnare or contrarium esse.

UNLEARN, dediscere aliquid.

UNLEARNED, indoctus (untaught) : ineruditus (uninstructed) : illiteratus (unlettered). To be unlearned, nescire literas.

UNLEARNEDLY, indocte.

UNLEAVENED, non fermentatus : nullo fermento.

UNLESS, nisi : ni : si non (nisi is used when the whole conditional clause is negatived, without particular stress on anyone notion contained in it : si non is used when there is emphasis on one notion ; i. e., the verb, which is contrasted with the opposite affirmative proposition expressed or understood. But even where there is opposition, nisi is sometimes used ; i. e., the opposition is not marked ; e. g., matris verbis Philocomasium arcessito, ut si itura siet Athenas, tecum eat : nisi eat, te soluturum esse navim. Plautus, Mil. Glor., 4, 4, 48 ; Haase ad Reisig., p. 457).

Unless perchance, nisi forte : nisi vero (often ironical : with indicative ; hence not nisi forte aptius et commodius esset scribere, etc., but est). In Cicero, nisi vero [ = eἰ μή γε] often introduces a supposition, the manifest absurdity of which is to establish the truth of the other supposition, previously stated to be true (Hand, iv., p. 233). Cf., An excepted case (added correctively) is more emphatically stated by nisi si ; e. g., noli putare me ad quenquam longiores epistolas scribere, quam adte, nisi si qui ad me plura scripsit, etc. So nisi si quis est, etc. (Cicero) : Cf., præterquam si is post-classical ; e. g., Plinius, 8, 25, 39.

UNLET (= not let), non locatus (unoccupied).

UNLIKE, dissimilis (different in quality, inwardly or outwardly ; with genitive or dative, but more frequently with the genitive when internal unlikeness is meant : Cf., absimilis is not classical) : diversus (entirely different in nature or kind ; ab aliquo or ab aliqua re) : dispar, alicui or alicui rei (not altogether like, different in some respects, or in some points of character). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) dispar ac dissimilis. To be unlike, dissimilem esse, with genitive or dative (of persons or things) ; abhorrere ab aliqua re : to be somewhat unlike, nonnullam dissimilitudinem habere cum aliqua re : to be unlike each other, dissimiles esse inter se (of persons or things) ; abhorrere inter se (of things) : to become unlike one’s self, desciscere a seipso : alius plane factus est, ac fuit antea (he has become quite unlike himself) : it is not unlike him, hoc non alienum est ab ejus moribus.

UNLIKELY, non verisimilis (or veri similis) : non probabilis (not easily proved ; hence not credible). It is not unlikely that, etc., verisimile est (with accusative and infinitive ; sometimes with ut) ; fieri potest ut, etc. (it is possible that, etc. ). A statement does not seem unlikely, aliquid non sine veritatis specie dicitur.

UNLIMITED, infinitus : immensus : summus (the highest). Of unlimited extent, immensus et interminatus (of a plain).

Unlimited power, infinita or summa potestas : unlimited sovereignty, imperium summum, quum dominatu unius omnia tenentur ; quum principis arbitrium, or libido regis, pro legibus est (vid. Justinus, 1, 1, 2, and 2, 7, 3) : dominatio.

UNLOAD, exonerare (e. g., navem, plaustrum).

Unload a wagon, exonerare plaustrum : a carriage (of any kind), vehiculum onustum exinanire : beasts of burden, jumentis deponere onera ; jumenta sarcinis levare. (Cf., deonerare aliquid ex aliqua re occurs in the Golden Age only, figuratively in the sense of “to take away”).

UNLOADED, exoneratus : vacuus (empty).

UNLOCK, subdita clavi pessulos reducere (i. e., with such a key as drew a bolt back, Appuleius).

UNLOOKED FOR, Vid. UNEXPECTED.

UNLOOSE, Vid. LOOSEN, UNTIE.

UNLOVELY, insuavis : invenustus : injucundus : inamœnus. For the difference between these words, vid. LOVELY or AGREEABLE.

UNLUCKILY, infeliciter : misere : male. Anything turns out very unluckily, male or secus aliquid cadit.

UNLUCKY, infelix (unfortunate, either as bringing or threatening misfortune ; e. g., day, combat, result of an undertaking, rumor ; also of him to whom fortune is unpropitious : δυστυχής] : infortunatus (not favored by fortune ; of persons who, with regard to their circumstances or in other respects, are no favorites of fortune, or have bad luck : κακοδαίμων ) : miser (of persons who are suffering from any evil, so as to claim our compassion ; miserable : then also of things, wretched) : non prosper (not prosperous, not answering a man’s expectation or hopes ; of things : e. g., progress, result, circumstances) : infaustus (of an unpropitious appearance ; e. g., day, omen, etc. ) ; also, (The words are found in this connection and order. ) infaustus et infelix : calamitosus (connected with great damage and loss ; e. g., war, conflagration) : funestus (causing mourning, bringing destruction ; e. g., war, letter, omen, etc. ) : sinister (properly, being to the left ; hence of unfavorable auspices, especially of birds ; also of omens ; opposed to dexter, but only, in the latter sense, of the Greeks, since with the Romans the left was considered the lucky side in auspices and divinations : thus, “avis sinistra”, etc. ) : adversus (contrary to one’s wishes, adverse ; e. g., battle, circumstance, result of an undertaking ; opposed to secundus) : malus (of bad quality ; e. g., pay, times, omen ; opposed to bonus). I am the most unlucky person, nemo me est miserior.

UNMADE, non factus or non confectus : non stratus (not made ; of beds).

UNMAN, * facere ut aliquis se virum esse obliviscatur (after ut te. . . virum esse meminisses, etc., Cicero) : formidine perterritum aliquem loco et certo de statu demovere (Cicero) : animum alicujus frangere, infringere : percellere aliquem (for the moment, by a sudden shock).

UNMANAGEABLE, impotens regendi (properly ; e. g., horse, equus, Livius, 35, 11) : qui regi non potest (properly and figuratively ; vid. Seneca, De Ira, 2, 15, quite at the end) : impotens (improperly, of passions, minds, etc. ). A ship almost unmanageable from its size, navis inhabilis prope magnitudinis (Livius) : a multitude that is unmanageable, multitudo inhabilis ad consensum (Livius, ; i. e., that cannot be brought to agree together, to act in concert).

UNMANLY, viro indignus (unworthy of a man) : effeminatus (effeminate) : mollis (weak ; e. g., vox ; educatio ; mens, animus). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) effeminatus et mollis : illiberalis (unworthy of a free-born man, ignoble, vile ; e. g., mind, mens ; deed, facinus).

UNMANNERLY, inurbanus : illiberalis : impolitus : agrestis : inhumanus : incultus : intonsus. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) intonsus et incultus : An unmannerly fellow, homo agrestis ; homo inurbanus, rusticus (ill-bred, unmannerly).

UNMARRIED, cælebs : vidua (the former of a man, the latter of a woman, whether the person was previously married or not ; opposed to maritus, marita ; vid. Suetonius, Galb., 5 ; Livius, 1, 46, 7). The unmarried life, the unmarried state, vita cælebs ; cælibatus (of a man) ; * conditio viduæ (of a woman : in Tertullianus, De virginibus velandis, 9, called viduatus) : to live unmarried, cælibem (viduam) esse ; cælibem vitam vivere : to remain unmarried, numquam viro nubere (never to marry a husband) ; numquam uxorem ducere (never to take a wife ; both of single persons) ; remanere, permanere in cælibatu (of widowed persons) ; matrimonio abstinere : to have always remained unmarried, uxorem numquam habuisse.

UNMASK, personam capiti alicujus detrahere (properly and figuratively ; vid. Martialis, 3, 43, 3) : animum alicujus nudare : evolvere aliquem integumentis dissimulationis suæ nudareque (figuratively, to disclose the real sentiments of anybody, Livius, 34, 24 ; Cicero, De Or., 2, 86, 350).

UNMASKED, integumentis dissimulationis suæ evolutus (vid. the verb).

UNMAST, * malo or malis privare.

UNMATCHED, Vid. UNEQUALLED.

UNMEANING, An unmeaning word, vox inanis : an unmeaning sentence, * sententia, quæ intelligi nou potest : to talk unmeaning stuff, voces inanes fundere.

UNMEET, Vid. UNFIT.

UNMERCIFUL, immisericors (without compassion) : durus (hard) : ferreus (without feeling, iron-hearted) : inhumanus (inhuman).

UNMERCIFULLY, immisericorditer.

UNMERCIFULNESS, animi duritia or durities (hardness) : inhumanitas (inhumanity).

UNMERITED,
Vid. UNDESERVED.

UNMINDFUL, immĕmor ; of anything, alicujus rei : negligens alicujus rei. To be unmindful of anybody’s interests, commodis alicujus deesse. Vid. FORGETFUL, INATTENTIVE.

UNMINGLED,

UNMIXED, merus (neat ; of wine) : purus (pure) : simplex : cui nihil admixtum est, nihil concretum (uncompounded ; of the soul, Cicero).

UNMOLESTED, intactus : inviolatus. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) intactus inviolatusque : integer intactusque or et intactus : integer atque inviolatus. Vid. UNTOUCHED.

UNMOOR, Vid. “to weigh ANCHOR ;” adding oram præcidere ; ancoralia incidere (i. e., to cut the cable by which the ship was fastened to the anchor).

UNMOURNED, e. g., to leave anybody’s death unmourned, alicujus mortem negligere : non laborare de alicujus morte. Vid. UNBEWAILED, UNLAMENTED.

UNMOVED, immotus. To remain unmoved by anything, non moveri or non commoveri aliqua re (not to be affected by it ; general term) : repudiare aliquid (to disregard ; i. e., anybody’s requests, alicujus preces) : non laborare de aliqua re (not to grieve or fret ; e. g., de alicujus morte) : misericordiam non recipere. To remain unmoved by anybody’s tears, repudiare alicujus lacrimas : I am unmoved by anything, aliquid me non commovet.

UNMUFFLE, Vid. UNVEIL.

UNMUSICAL, Vid. UNHARMONIOUS.

UNMUTILATED, integer (whole ; opposed to truncus).

UNNAIL, refigere aliquid (general term), or * clavis extractis refigere.

UNNATURAL, parum naturalis : quod præter naturam exsistit (which is against nature) : monstrosus (contrary to nature, with reference to size, bulk, shape, or whether physical or moral existence) : portentosus (terrific, exciting fear, horror, etc., by its unnatural appearance) : immanis (huge, relating to unusual shape, size, bulk, force, causing amazement or fear, whether from its physical or moral qualities) : ascitus (borrowed or taken from others, not natural, but affected ; opposed to nativus).

Unnatural desires, cupiditates, quæ ne naturam quidem attingunt ; libidines monstrosæ (unnatural lusts) : an unnatural son, rconstrum filii.

UNNATURALLY, contra or præter naturam.

UNNECESSARILY, præter rem : præter necessitatem.

UNNECESSARY, non necessarius (that need not necessarily be or exist) : quod non opus est (not requisite, not necessary for use) : supervacaneus (superfluous ; Cf., supervacuus and superfluus are neither of them classic) : vanus (vain, in vain ; e. g., metus. )It is umnecessary to name them, eos nihil attinet nominare.

UNNERVE, enervare : debilitare (to weaken) : emollire (to make effeminate) : alicujus nervos incidere (by anything, aliqua re, Cicero) : nervos omnes elidere (Cicero).

UNNOTICED, To leave unnoticed, prætermittere (general term, to allow to escape, to pass, not to mention) : præterire, also with silentio (to pass over in silence) : tacitum pati (quod, etc., Livius, 7, 1, in. ) : præterire negligentia (from neglect or carelessness ; e. g., in reading, etc. ) : negligere (to take no notice of, to pay no attention to). To remain unnoticed, non conspici (not to be seen by the eye) ; prætermitti (to be set aside, not to be mentioned) ; negligi (not to receive any attention) : to remain unnoticed by anybody, aliquem præterire or fugere (Cf., not alicui or aliquem latere) : to pass one’s life unnoticed, vitam silentio transire. Sometimes the adverbs, latenter (in concealment) : clam (without anybody’s knowledge) : furtim (secretly, vid. ).

UNOBJECTIONABLE, Vid. UNEXCEPTIONABLE.

UNOBSERVABLE, inobservabilis : quod vix sentiri or sensibus percipi potest (scarcely observable). Vid. IMPERCEPTIBLE.

UNOBSERVED, non animadversus : non observatus : inobservatus († and post-Augustan). To be unobserved, non conspici. Vid. UNNOTICED.

UNOBSTRUCTED, Vid. UNHINDERED.

UNOCCUPIED, non occupatus (that has no business or occupation) : labore vacuus (that has no exertion to bear) : vacuus negotiis (that has no business). To be unoccupied, opere faciundo vacare ; jacere, sedere (to sit without doing anything, to sit at home idle). Vid. DISENGAGED, UNEMPLOYED.

UNOFFENDING, Vid. HARMLESS.

UNOPENED, non apertus : clausus (shut).

UNORGANIZED, (e. g., bodies), corpora nulla cohærendi natura (after Cicero, N. D., 2, 32, quite at the end).

UNOWNED, non agnitus : quem (quam) nemo agnovit : * quod nemo suum esse dixit.

UNPACK, vacuum facere (to empty ; e. g., a chest) : eximere (to take out ; e. g., acina de dolio ; hence * res de sarcĭnis, arca, etc. ).

UNPAID, non solutus (not settled ; of a debt, etc. ) : residuus (that remains to be paid) : cui non satisfactum est (that has received no payment yet ; of the creditor). || Of a letter, * pro cujus vectura merces sclvenda est.

UNPALATABLE, nihil sapiens (insipid) : voluptate carens (giving no pleasure) : injucundus : insuavis. To be unpalatable, nihil sapere ; sapore carere ; voluptate carere : a herb that is not unpalatable, herba cibo non insuavis (Plinius).

UNPARALLELED, Vid. INCOMPARABLE, UNEQUALLED.

UNPARDONABLE, major quam cui ignosci possit (too heinous to be pardoned) : quod nihil excusationis habet (inexcusable ; e. g., vitium) : inexpiabilis (that cannot be atoned for ; e. g., scelus ; fraus). A sin, therefore, is not the less unpardonable, because, etc., nulla est igitur excusatio peccati, si, etc.

UNPARDONABLY, by circumlocution. To have sinned unpardonably, * ita peccasse, ut peccati venia ad ignoscendum dari non possit (after Cicero), or * majora peccasse, quam quibus ignosci possit.

UNPATRIOTIC, To be unpatriotic, * patriæ saluti parum consulere or prospicere : male de republica sentire.

UNPAVED, saxo or lapide non stratus : Cf., not immunitus (= open, free, Cicero, Cæcin., 19, 54).

UNPEG, * cultellos ligneos refigere (after cultellos ligneos configere, Vitruvius 7, 3) ; or refigere (general term, to unfix, unfasten).

UNPEOPLE, Vid. DEPOPULATE.

UNPERCEIVED, Vid. UNOBSERVED, UNNOTICED.

UNPERFORMED, infectus.

UNPHILOSOPHICAL, by circumlocution. Anything is unphilosophical, * aliquid philosophiæ repugnat, or a philosophia alienum est : it is unphilosophical to, etc., * philosophi non est or philosophum non decet (with accusative and infinitive).

UNPIN, solvere : refibulare.

UNPITYING, immisericors : durus : ferreus (hard-hearted).

UNPLEASANT, injucundus : non jucundus : ingratus (not grateful to one’s feelings ; i. e., such as one does not like) : insuavis (not sweet ; i. e., to the taste, the smell, etc. ; hence, not pleasant to the moral sense) : gravis : molestus (felt to be heavy, oppressive, annoying, etc. ) : odiosus (hateful, intolerable). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) odiosus et molestus (of things). Anything is unpleasant to me, graviter or moleste fero aliquid : very unpleasant, aliquid permoleste fero : to find a smell unpleasant, odore offendi : to a modest man it is unpleasant to, etc., grave est pudenti (e. g., petere aliquid). More under DISAGREEABLE.

UNPLEASANTLY, injucunde : odiose : moleste : graviter.

UNPLEASANTNESS, [Vid. DISAGREEABLENESS] : Cf., molestiæ may be used in plural, hæc cogitatio omnes molestias extenuat et diluit.

UNPLIANT, Vid. INFLEXIBLE.

UNPLOUGHED, inaratus.

UNPOETICAL, * a poetarum ratione alienus. Thti word is unpoetical, * hoc vocabulo poetæ non utuntur.

UNPOLISHED, rudis : impolitus : ineruditus. Vid. UNCULTIVATED, CLOWNISH, RUSTIC.

UNPOLLUTED, Vid. UNSTAINED.

UNPOPULAR, || Disliked by the people, invidiosus (disliked from being an object of envy ; of persons or things ; si is invidiosus et multis offensus esse videatur ; aliquid invidiosum est ad bonos ; where observe that “to be unpopular in anybody’s eyes” is invidiosum esse ad aliquem) : non gratiosus (not in favor ; with anybody, apud aliquem). A worthu man, but as unpopular as C. Calidius, homo honestus, sed non gratiosior quam C. Calidius est. To be unpopular, in odio esse (with anybody, alicui) ; in invidiâ esse ; invidiam habere : to be very unpopular, in sumrao or magno odio esse ; in magna invidia esse : to make one’s self unpopular, odium (alicujus) suscipere ; suscipere invidiam atque odium apud aliquem : to make anybody unpopular, in invidiam aliquem inducere or adducere ; magnum odium in aliquem concitare : to make anything unpopular, gravem offensionem in rem aliquam concitare : to become unpopular, in odium or in invidiam venire : without becoming unpopular with the Senate, nulla senatus mala gratia : to become unpopular in consequence of anything, excipere offensionem ex aliquo facto. || Not adapted to the comprehension of the unlearned, intelligentia a vulgari remotus : ad sensum popularem vulgaremque parum accommodatus, or ad commune judicium popularemque intelligentiam parum accommodatus (after the phrases for POPULAR, vid. ).

UNPOPULARITY, offensio popularis (opposed to gratia popularis, Cicero) : aliena et offensa populi voluntas (unpopularity into which anybody has fallen, Cicero, Tusc., 5, 37, 106) : invidia (unpopularity arising from envy) : odium (hatred). To bring into unpopularity, in invidiam inducere ; in
(summam) invidiam adducere ; odium in aliquem concitare ; invidiam alicui conflare (Livius) : to court unpopularity, quasi de industria in odium offensionemque alicujus (e. g., populi Romani) incurrere : to draw unpopularity upon one’s self, odium suscipere ; suscipere invidiam atque odium apud aliquem. With his great and deserved unpopularity, in tanto mortalium odio, justo præsertim ac debito.

UNPRAISED, non laudatus : illaudatus (post- Augustan) : laude non ornatus.

UNPRECEDENTED, unicus : singularis (unique of its kind) : novus (new) : inauditus (unheard of) : novus et inauditus : inauditus et novus. He replies that to allow anybody to march through a Roman province would be quite unprecedented, negat se more et exemplo populi Romani posse iter ulli per provinciam dare (Cæsar. ).

UNPREJUDICED, Vid. UNBIASED.

UNPREMEDITATED, subitus (sudden, made on the spur of the moment) : incogitatus (Seneca) : * non cogitatus. An unpremeditated speech, oratio subita or subita et fortuita (opposed to commentatio et cogitatio).

UNPREPARED, imparatus :

Unprepared with anything : vid. UNFURNISHED.

UNPRETENDING, simplex (simple, natural) : modestus. Sometimes probus et modestus ; probus et demissus.

Unpretending behavior, modestia. κυρικιμασαηικο

UNPRINCIPLED, male moratus : malis or corruptis moribus. Sometimes inhonestus : turpis : turpis atque inhonestus.

Unprincipled character, mores turpes or corrupti.

UNPRODUCTIVE, infecundus (seldom, but classical ; ager arbore infecundus, Sallustius ; opposed to fecundus) : sterilis (with reference to productive power ; bearing no fruit ; also of the soil, a year, etc. ).

UNPROFITABLE, inutilis. Sometimes frivolus, futilis, inanis. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) frivolus et inanis ; futilis et frivolus [vid. USELESS] : Cf., infructuosus, post-Augustan, Plinius.

UNPROFITABLY, inutiliter. Vid. USELESSLY, IN VAIN.

UNPROLIFIC, Vid. UNPRODUCTIVE.

UNPROMISING, by circumlocution quod minimum (nihil, etc. ) spei affert, injicit, etc. It is a very unpromising symptom, when a boy’s judgement outstrips his fancy, illa mihi in pueris natura minimum spei dederit, in qua ingenium judicio præsumitur (Quintilianus, 2, 4, 7). I look upon him as an unpromising boy, who, etc., non dabit mihi spem bonæ indolis, qui, etc. (Quintilianus, 1, 3, 2).

UNPRONOUNCEABLE, ineffabilis (e. g., name, word, Plinius. Vid. remark in UNUTTERABLE) : quod dici or pronunciari non potest.

UNPROPITIOUS. Vid. INAUSPICIOUS, UNFAVORABLE.

UNPROTECTED, indefensus.

UNPROVED, argumentis non firmatus or non confirmatus.

UNPROVIDED, || Unfurnished (vid. ), imparatus (with anything, ab aliqua re). || Unprovided for ; e. g., children, liberi, quibus nondum prospectum est ; daughter, filia non collocata.

UNPROVOKED, non lacessitus. Sometimes ultro.

UNPRUNED, immissus (opposed to amputatus ; e. g., vitis, rami, etc. ) : intonsus (properly ; unshaven, but also, of trees). To leave a vine unpruned (for some purpose), immittere vitem. Vid. UNCUT.

UNPUBLISHED, nondum editus (not yet out) : ineditus (* Ovidius, Pont., 4, 16, 39).

UNPUNISHED, impunitus (not punished) : incastigatus (not chastised) : inultus (not revenged). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) inultus impunitusque. To go unpunished, impune esse : non puniri : inultum discedere (e. g., injuria, Cicero) : sic abire (of offences). For “to escape unpunished, ” and other phrases, vid. “to escape (etc. ) with IMPUNITY. ”

UNQUALIFIED, || Unfit, non idoneus (ad aliquid). || Not softened or abated, simplex et absolutus (unconditional ; opposed to cum adjunctione) : by circumlocution.

Unqualified severity, * severitas nulla comitate condita. || Not possessing the legal qualification, lege (aliqua) exceptus (excluded by some enactment).

UNQUENCHED, (e. g., fire), inexstinctus : non sedatus (improperly ; e. g., thirst, hunger).

UNQUESTIONABLE, Vid. INDISPUTABLE.

UNQUESTIONABLY, Vid. INDISPUTABLY.

UNQUESTIONED, non interrogatus.

UNQUIET, inquietus (not Cicero, or Cæsar ; of the mind and character, Livius ; animus, ingenium ; impotens semperque inquietus, Velleius ; of a person) : anxius : sollicitus [SYN. in ANXIOUS] : turbidus (improperly, of a confused turbulent state of affairs ; res, tempus ; also, cogitationes. Tacitus is the first who uses it of men of turbulent characters, etc. ) : turbulentus (stormy, etc., properly and also improperly ; of “a stormy year, ” annus ; and of restless men, who are always exciting disturbances ; turbulent) : seditiosus (inclined to plot against the existing order of things ; of persons or things ; e. g., a life) : tumultuosus (full of disturbance, confusion, tumult, etc. ; e. g., of sleep, somnus per somnia tumultuosus : an unquiet life, vita tumultuosa ; of persons, it is only used in the sense of raging, storming, etc., in a noisy, passionate way).

Unquiet spirits, ingenia inquieta et in novas res avida (Livius).

UNQUIETLY, Vid. RESTLESSLY, UNEASILY.

UNQUIETNESS, Vid. RESTLESSNESS.

UNRAVEL, evolvere (unroll, etc. ) : explicare (unfold ; properly and figuratively ; opposed to perturbare, impedire) : enodare (to untie a knot ; properly and figuratively ; juris laqueos, Gellius).

UNREAD, || Not read, non lectus. To leave unread, non legere. || Not well read in, not conversant with, lectione non exercitus (after Gellius, 7, 1) ; also, non versatus in literis or in libris : in veteribus scriptis non volutatus (with reference to the ancient authors) : rudis literarum Græcarum (with reference to Greek authors).

UNREASONABLE, rationi repugnans (against reason) : iniquus (unfair). To be unreasonable in one’s demands, iniqua postulare.

UNREASONABLY, inique (unfairly) : injuria (wrongfully ; opposed to jure) : nulla ratione : dementer : insane (madly).

UNRECLAIMABLE, Vid. INCORRIGIBLE.

UNRECLAIMED, non emendatus : qui ad bonam frugem nondum se recepit (after Cicero).

UNRECONCILED, non placatus.

UNREGISTERED, in acta publica non or nondum relatus.

UNRELENTING, Vid. INEXORABLE.

UNREMITTED, Vid. CONTINUAL.

UNREMITTING, Vid. CONTINUAL, UNWEARIED.

UNREPEALED, non abrogatus, etc. Vid. To ABROGATE.

UNREPENTED, cujus me (te, eum, etc. ) non pœnituit.

UNREQUITED, [Vid. UNREWARDED. ]To leave anybody’s affection unrequited, aliquem non redamare ; amori amore non respondere : to let kindnesses received go unrequited, beneficia non reddere ; beneficia beneficiis non respondere.

UNRESENTED, inultus (unrevenged) : impunitus (unpunished). To remain unresented, impune esse : to leave unresented, inultum sinere.

UNRESERVED, Vid. FRANK, OPEN.

UNRESERVEDLY, aperte (openly ; e. g., to speak, loqui) : libere (frankly ; e. g., to own, profited). To declare one’s sentiments, feelings, etc., unreservedly, patefacere se totum alicui.

UNRESISTING, non resistens or repugnans.

UNRESTRAINED, non impeditus (not hindered) : effrenatus (unbridled ; of desires, rage, etc. ) : indomitus (untamed) : impotens (unable to restrain itself ; e. g., animus) :

Unrestrained impulses, indomiti impetus (e. g., vulgi).

UNRETURNED, [Vid. UNREQUITED. ]To leave a salutation unreturned salutem non referre.

UNREVENGED, inultus.

UNREWARDED, præmio non affectus : inhonoratus (not honored with a reward in the shape of a gift) : sine præmio or pretio : sine mercede (without wages). To leave anybody unrewarded, aliquem inhonoratum, or aliquem sine pretio, or præmio dimittere.

UNRIG, navis armamenta demere (of sailors, when the ship was to be propelled simply by oars ; opposed to tollere armamenta) : navis armamenta demittere (of sailors when threatened by a storm) : fundere navis armamenta ; navem exarmare ; navem armamentis spoliare (of a storm which destroys the rigging of a ship).

UNRIGHTEOUS, Vid. IMPIOUS.

UNRIGHTEOUSNESS, Vid. IMPIETY.

UNRIP, [Vid. RIP OPEN. ]”Friendships should not be unripped but unstitched” (Collier, quoting Cato ap. Cicero), amicitiæ dissuendæ magis quam discindendæ (Cato ap. Cicero).

UNRIPE, immaturus (as well of fruit, etc., as figuratively of men) : crudus (still raw; opposed to maturus et coctus ; of fruit : Cf., acerbus, of fruit, does not mean “unripe, ” but harsh to the taste). Half unripe, subcrudus (Cf., semicrudus later only).

UNRIPENESS, immaturitas.

UNRIVALLED, Vid. INCOMPARABLE, INIMITABLE.

UNROASTED, crudus (of meat) : * non tostus (of coffee).

UNROLL, evolvere : explicare (unfold).

UNROOF, nudare tecto : detegere (domum) : tectum nudare tegulis (untile) : demoliri tectum.

UNRUFFLED, * nullo motu perturbatus : tranquillus : æquus (even, calm ; e. g., animus).

UNRULINESS, effrenatio impotentis animi : impotentia. Sometimes ferocia, ferocitas.

UNRULY, [Vid. UNGOVERNABLE, and (for passions, etc. ) UNBRIDLED. ]

Unruly spirits, ingenia inquieta et in novas res avida (Livius).

UNSADDLE, * stratum detrahere
equo ; and perhaps stratum solvere (Seneca, Ep., 80, 8, equum emturus solvi jubes stratum).

UNSADDLED, non stratus.

UNSAFE, non tutus : intutus (Livius, Tacitus ; not Cicero or Cæsar) : periculosus (dangerous) : infestus (that cannot be travelled or sailed on without danger). To render unsafe, infestum reddere or habere (general term) ; infestare latrociniis (by robbers ; of a road or district, etc. ) ; infestare latrociniis ac prædationibus (the sea or water by pirates) : to be unsafe, infestari latrociniis (of the high-roads, etc. ).

UNSALEABLE, invendibilis.

UNSALTED, sale non conditus.

UNSALUTED, insalutatus (Vergilius, Æn., 9, 288),

UNSATISFACTORY, ineptus : non idoneus (not suitable for the purpose in hand) : in quo non acquiescas (in which one cannot acquiesce).

UNSATISFIED, cui non satisfactum est (of persons, with reference to the claims they have advanced, their demands, etc. ) : non expletus : non satiatus (not filled or satiated ; of desires, passions, etc. ). I remain unsatisfied, aliquid mihi non probatum est (anything has not compelled my assent, approval, etc. ) : I remain unsatisfied by anything, mihi non satisfactum est aliqua re.

UNSAVORY, Vid. UNPALATABLE.

UNSAY, aliquid, ut indictum sit, revocare (Livius, 5, 15, 10) : illa (dicta) retexere (Cicero, Fin., 5, 28, 84). Vid. RECANT, RETRACT.

UNSCREW, * cochleam (-as) retorquere or * remittere. To unscrew anything, * cochleis aliquid retorquere (after prelum. . . si non cochleis torquetur, Vitruvius, 6, 9).

UNSCRIPTURAL, * libris divinis or literis sanctis repugnans, or parum conveniens.

UNSEALED, non obsignatus (general term, not sealed) : apertus or resignatus (with its seal broken ; resignatus also of a will) : solutus : vinculis laxatis (the strings being loosened ; of a letter, etc. ).

UNSEARCHABLE, || Properly, quod reperiri non potest. || Improperly, quod excogitari non potest ; quod mente consequi or complecti nemo potest (after Cicero).

UNSEASONABLE, intempestivus (that does not arrive or happen at the proper time, mal-à-propos, inopportune ; opposed to tempestivus ; e. g., letter, desire, fear) : importunus (unfit, inconvenient, with reference to the place where anything happens, and also of circumstances out of place) : immaturus (properly, not yet ripe ; hence figuratively, that takes place before the right time ; e. g., advice, consilium) : præcox (properly, getting ripe before the proper time ; hence of what happens too early, premature e. g., joy, gaudium).

UNSEASONABLY, intempestive : importune.

UNSEASONED, non conditus (not seasoned with spices, etc) : humidus (wet, green ; of timber, materia). To be made of unseasoned timber, ex humida materia factum esse (Cæsar).

UNSEEMLY, Vid. UNBECOMING.

UNSEEN, invisus : invisitatus (Vitruvius = unvisited, Livius).

UNSELFISH, qui utilitate communi non sua cupiditate impellitur (after Cicero, Off., 1, 19, 63) : qui id potius intuetur, quod uuiversis, quam quod sibi utile sit : qui privatæ utilitati non servit : qui omnia suis commodis non metitur (Cf., SELFISH) : abstinens (abstaining from what belongs to others, strictly honest ; opposed to avarus). To be unselfish, suæ utilitatis immemorem esse ; id potius intueri, quod universis (or alteri) quam quod sibi utile sit : to act unselfishly, or in an unselfish manner, liberaliter agere ; innocenter agere.

UNSELFISHLY, innocenter : liberaliter : suæ utilitatis immemor.

UNSELFISHNESS, Vid. DISINTERESTEDNESS.

UNSERVICEABLE, Vid. USELESS.

UNSETTLE, || To make uncertain or fluctuating (of what had been fixed), alicui dubitationem injicere (to instill doubts into anybody’s mind) : aliquid ad or in incertum revocare : aliquid in dubium vocare or revocare (to make anything doubtful). To leave anything unsettled, aliquid in medio, or in dubio, or in incerto relinquere. || To disturb or unhinge the mind, alicujus mentem or animum perturbare (to perplex, agitate, etc. ) : animum loco et certo de statu demovere (to unsettle it by a sudden shock, Cicero). || To bring into disorder, turbare (e. g., statum civitatis) : perturbare (stronger ; e. g., civitatem) : miscere (to turn topsy-turvy ; e. g., rempublicam). To unsettle every thing, omnia perturbare or miscere.

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UNSETTLED, in medio, or in dubio, or in incerto relictus (not settled ; of disputed points, etc. ) : turbatus : perturbatus (disturbed, thrown into confusion) : fluctuans (with reference to opinion, resolution).