Warning ; Any kind of reproduction of this page will be very severely accused by tokyomaths. com
SURGICAL, chirurgicus (χειρουργικός, Hyg., Fab. 274). A surgical operation, curatio, quæ manu editur or quæ corpori manu adhibetur.
Warning ; Any kind of reproduction of this page will be very severely accused by tokyomaths. com
SURGICALLY, chirurgice.
SURLILY, morose : austere : dure.
SURLINESS, morositas : mores austeri, asperi, difficiles : difficultas (Cicero, rare).
SURLY, morosus : austerus : difficilis.
SURMISE, Vid. CONJECTURE.
SURMOUNT, superare or transire aliquid : defungi or perfungi aliqua re (Cf., exhaurire aliquid ; e. g., labores, is poetical). To surmount difficulties, obstacles, difficultates superare (Velleius) ; impedimenta superare, vincere (Cicero). Vid. also, CONQUER, OVERCOME.
SURNAME, cognomen, cognomentum (very rare in Cicero : agnomen, late). To give a surname to anyone, cognomen imponere, indere, alicui : to assign a surname to anyone, cognomine aliquem appellare : Aristides bore the surname of Just, Aristides cognomine Justus appellatus est : to derive a surname from anything, cognomen trahere ex re.
SURPASS, excedere : superare : exsuperare. It surpasses my power, id virium mearum modulum superest, excedit : id erficere, perficere nequeo : it surpasses belief, hoc excedit fidem (Velleius) ; est supra humanam fidem (Plinius) ; hoc est supra quam cuiquam credibile (Sallustius, Cat., 5, 3) : it surpasses all imagination, supra quam quisquam mente, cogitatione, fingere possit : ne cogitari quidem potest (after Cicero).
SURPLICE, vestis lintea religiosaque (Suetonius, Otho, 12) : * stola sacerdotalis.
SURPLUS, reliquum : reliquiæ : residuum (remainder) : or by circumlocution ; e. g., quod redundat ex or de aliqua re (e. g., quod redundabit de vestro frumentario quæstu ; ad quos aliquantum ex quotidianis sumtibus. . . redundet).
Small as my income is, I shall have some surplus, ex meo tenui vectigali aliquid tamen redundabit (Cicero) : there is a surplus revenue, ex vectigalibus superest pecunia, quæ in ærario reponatur (cf. Nepos, Han., 7, 5).
SURPRISE, v., || To astonish, aliquem in admirationem conjicere : in stuporem dare, obstupefacere (to astound) : circumlocution by mihi mirum videtur, etc. You surprise me by, etc., mirum mihi videtur, te, etc. : to be surprised, obstupescere ; obstupefieri ; stupefieri (to be astonished ; also, stupor me invadit ; aliquid stupidum me tenet) ; mirari, admirari, demirari aliquid (accusative with infinitive or quod) : I am surprised at your not writing to me, miror te ad me nihil scribere : I am surprised at your not laughing, miror quod non rideas, or te non ridere. || To come upon unexpectedly, opprimere aliquem (with or without incautum, imprudentem, improviso). To be surprised by the enemy, adventu hostium occupari.
SURPRISE, s., || Astonishment, miratio : admiratio. To excite surprise, admirationem efficere, movere, habere : to feel surprise, admiratione affici, admiratio me incendit : to fill anybody with surprise, aliquem in admirationem conjicere : to throw one’s self into an attitude of surprise, in habitum admirationis se fingere (Quintilianus) : to my surprise, mirum mihi videtur ; miror. || Sudden arrival or attack, adventus repentinus : impetus repentinus : incursio subita. To take a place by surprise, impetu facto capere : to take anybody by surprise, opprimere aliquem ; occupare adventu.
SURPRISING, stupendus : admirabilis : mirus : mirificus : mirabilis.
Sometimes ingens, immanis (huge, immense). A surprising amount of money, immanes pecuniæ : to perform surprising cures, mirabiliter mederi ægrotis (Plinius).
SURPRISINGLY, stupendum in modum ; mirum in modum : mirandum in modum : mirabiliter : valde.
SURRENDER, v., || Transitively, To give up, yield, concedere aliquid : cedere aliquid or aliqua re ; to anybody, cedere alicui aliquid or aliqua re : concedere alicui aliquid : transcribere alicui aliquid (to surrender in writing, Digests). To surrender a part of a thing, cedere alicui aliquid de aliqua re : to surrender one’s share in anything, cedere parte sua : to surrender the possession of a thing to anybody, cedere alicui possessione alicujus rei : to surrender the throne to anybody, concedere alicui regnum, imperium. || Intransitively. To capitulate, arma conditione ponere : arma per pactionem tradere : certis conditionibus hosti tradi : de conditionibus tradendæ urbis agere cum aliquo (to treat about capitulating, Livius, 37, 12). To surrender, ad conditiones deditionis descendere : to refuse to surrender, nullam deditionis conditionem accipere : conditiones rejicere, recusare : to consent to surrender on terms, ad conditiones accedere ; certis conditionibus de deditione cum hoste pacisci.
SURRENDER, s., deditio : traditio (a fortified place or town) : abdicatio (of an office, muneris, Livius, 6, 16) : or circumlocution by the verb.
SURREPTITIOUS, || Done by stealth, furtivus : clandestinus : occultus : surrepticius (Plautus). || Fraudulent, fraudulentus.
SURREPTITIOUSLY, || By stealth, furtim : clam : clanculum. || Fraudulently, fraude : fraude mala : fraudulenter (Columella, Plinius).
SURROUND, circumdare alicui rei aliquid or rem aliqua re : cingere aliqua re : circumstare (stand round) : circumsedere (sit round) : circumsistere (place one’s self round, with accessary notion of oppressing) : circumcludere. To surround a besieged city, circumvallare (surround with palisades) ; vallo et fossa munire or cingere ; circummunire ; munitione sepire (with works generally) ; stipare (to surround in masses) ; sepire or circumsepire (with a hedge or other defence). Carthage is quite surrounded with ports, Carthago succincta est portubus : to surround with walls, mœnibus cingere ; muris sepire.
SURROUNDING, qui circa est or sunt.
SURTOUT, amiculum (Cicero) : Quintilian has epitogium for a garment worn over the toga.
SURVEY, || To look at attentively, oculis lustrare or obire. [Vid., also, CONTEMPLATE, CONSIDER. ] || To measure land, etc., metiri : dimetiri.
SURVEYING, mensurarum ratio (vid. Columella, 5, 1, 3) : geometria (art of measuring land ; of or belonging to surveying) : geometricus. To understand surveying, mensurarum rationem nosse.
SURVEYOR, mensor (general term ; vid. Columella, 5, 1, 3) : decempedator (one that measures a piece of land with a rod, Cicero, Phil., 13, 18, 37) : finitor (one that assigns and fixes boundaries ; e. g., in a distribution of land) : metator (one that measures out anything, and fixes marks [metas] at the boundaries ; e. g., the place for a camp, for a town ; vid. Cicero, Phil., 14, 4, 10) : geometres (a land-measurer, one who measures a country, forests, etc., in order to discover the superficial contents, etc. ).
SURVIVE, superstitem esse, with a dative (Cf., rarely with a genitive in the best writers) : superesse, with a dative (Cf., supervivere in the Silver Age) : vita superare, with an accusative. To survive only a short time, non diu superstitem esse.
SURVIVOR, (alteri) superstes.
SURVIVORSHIP, by circumlocution with the adjective
SUSCEPTIBILITY, agilitas, ut ita dicam, mollitiesque naturæ (i. e., aptness to receive impressions, emotions, etc., Cicero, Att., 1, 17) : * alicujus rei percipiendæ or sentiendæ facultas : usually by circumlocution with the adjective.
SUSCEPTIBLE, capax (general term, able to contain anything) : docilis alicujus rei (that easily learns what he hears ; e. g., pravi, Horatius, Sal., 2, 2, 52) : natus factusque ad aliquid (constituted for) : mobilis ad aliquid (excitable ; vid. Livius, 6, 6). A heart very susceptible of anything, mollis animus ad accipiendum aliquid (after Cicero, Att., 1, 17, 2) : to be susceptible of anything, aliquid admittere or suscipere (to admit, receive) ; aliquid senfire (to have a taste for) : not to be susceptible of anything, aliqua re non moveri or nou tangi ; aliquid me non tangit or in me non cadit (e. g., dolor) : to be no longer susceptible of anything, omni sensu carere ; omnem sensum exuisse : to render one susceptible of anything, aliquem alicujus rei sensu imbuere.
SUSPECT, suspicari (anything of anybody, aliquid de aliquo) : suspicionem habere alicujus rei (to have a misgiving with respect to anything ; e. g., periculi). To suspect that, etc., suspicari or venit alicui in suspicionem, both followed by an accusative and infinitive.
Suspected, suspectus ; suspiciosus (strongly suspected) : to be suspected, suspectum esse ; in suspicione esse ; suspicione non carere ; a suspicione non remotum esse ; of anything, suspectum esse de aliqua re : to be suspected by anybody, alicui in suspicionem venire : to render or cause to be suspected, aliquem suspectum reddere ; aliquem in suspicionem vocare or adducere ; suspicionem in aliquem conferre.
SUSPEND, || To hang anything on anything, suspendere aliquid alicui rei or (de, a, ex) aliqua re. To be suspended, pendere (properly and figuratively) ; on or from anything, ab (de, ex, in) aliqua re : dependere (properly ; both pendere and dependere denote the hanging loose from a fixed point, without a support under the thing) ; on anything, (de, ex) aliqua re. To be suspended from the ceiling of a room, dependere de laquearibus, de camera (e. g., a lamp, etc. ). || To defer, differre : proferre : conferre : procrastinare. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) differre et procrastinare : producere : prolatare : rejicere in or ad : protrudere [SYN. in DEFER]. To suspend hostilities, facere or inire indutias : to suspend
one’s judgement, in dubio esse : dubitare. || To check, interrupt, vid. || To leave off, intermittere (the proper word) : omittere, dimittere (= to leave off entirely) : abjicere (not to continue) : desinere (to cease to practise ; e. g., artem) : desistere re or a re (to desist from). To suspend payment, bonam copiam ejurare (literally, to declare upon oath that one is insolvent, Cicero, Fam. 9, 16, 7). || To remove from an office, loco suo (ad or in tempus) aliquem movere : (ad or in tempus) removere, amovere, summovere aliquem a munere.
SUSPENSE, dubitatio. To be in suspense, animo or animi pendere ; in dubio esse ; dubitare ; dubium esse incertum esse : to keep anybody in suspense, * aliquem incertum habere.
SUSPENSION, by circumlocution with the verb.
Suspension of hostilities, indutiæ : to agree to a suspension of hostilities, consentire ad indutias : during a suspension of hostilities, per indutias : after the suspension of hostilities, indutiarum tempore circumacto.
SUSPENSION-BRIDGE, * pons pensilis or pendulus.
SUSPICION, suspicio. To excite suspicion, suspicionem movere, commovere, excitare, facere, præbere, dare, or afferre : to entertain suspicion of anybody, de aliquo suspicionem habere ; of anything, suspicari de, or super, aliqua re : I have a suspicion that, venit mihi in suspicionem (with an accusative and infinitive) : to regard anybody with suspicion, aliquem suspectum habere : to fall under suspicion, in suspicionem cadere, venire, or vocari ; suspicio cadit in me, or pertinet ad me : to bring under suspicion, aliquem in suspicionem vocare or adducere ; suspicionem in aliquem conferre : to free one’s self from suspicion, suspicione se exsolvere ; injectas suspiciones diluere : to avoid suspicion, suspicionem alicujus rei vitare : a suspicion attaches to or falls upon anybody, suspicio pertinet ad aliquem ; convenit in aliquem (from its being natural that he should have done it ; Cicero, Rosc., Am., 23).
SUSPICIOUS, || Apt to suspect, suspiciosus : suspicax (very seldom Livius, Tacitus). || That is suspected, suspectus : suspiciosus (very suspicious). Tacitus uses suspicax (e. g., silentium).
SUSPICIOUSLY, suspiciose (e. g., dicere aliquid. i. e., so as to excite a suspicion against somebody in the minds of one’s hearers, Cicero).
SUSTAIN, sustinere (in nearly all the meanings of the English word, which is derived from it ; onus, causam, se, personam civitatis, aliquem or necessitatem alicujus opibus suis, mala, labores ; also, impetnm hostis, Cæsar) : sustentare (to hold upright) : servare : conservare (to keep, preserve ; e. g., rem familiarem conservare) : tueri (to maintain, keep up). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) tueri et conservari : alere (by nourishment ; then, also, general term, to support, maintain). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) alere et sustentare : sustentare et alere ; and (in the sense of propping up, supporting) fulcire et sustinere. To sustain one’s self, se servare ; se conservare ; salutem suam tueri ; ali, sustineri, se sustentare ; by anything, aliqua re (to prolong one’s life by, etc. ) : to sustain anybody’s life, aliquem (integrum) conservare ; alicui saluti esse ; salutis auctorem esse alicui (general term, to save one’s life) ; alicui sanitatem restituere (to restore one’s life, as a physician) : to sustain one’s credit, fidem suam tueri ; expedire : to sustain the part or character of anybody, agere aliquem or pro aliquo (Cf., se agere aliquem is incorrect ; vid. Benecke, Justin., 1, 6, 16) ; gerere, sustinere alicujus personam (Cf., agere alicujus personam is incorrect) ; vicem alicujus implere (to take the place of anybody).
SUSTENANCE, Vid. SUPPORT.
SUTLER, lixa, -æ, mascline.
SUTURE (with surgeons), sutura (technical term).
SWADDLE, infantem incunabulis colligare (Plautus, Amph., 5, 1, 52) ; infantem fasciis involvere.
SWADDLING-CLOTHES, panni : incunabula, plural.
SWAGGER, se jactare : Vid. STRUT, BRAG.
SWAGGERER, Vid. BRAGGART.
SWAIN, pastor ; pastor ille Corydon.
SWALLOW, s., || A bird, hirundo : a swallow’s nest, nidus hirundineus : swallow-tail (in joinery), securicula (Vitruvius) ; (if double) subscus, -udis : swallow-wort, * Asclepias vincetoxicum (Linnæus). || The throat, gula (Plinius) : fauces, plural, (Cicero).
SWALLOW, v., glutire (properly, to gulp down ; post- Augustan) : absorbere (to take down, things dry and liquid) : devorare (properly, to swallow greedily, to devour, dry food ; also, figuratively = to put up with it ; e. g., molestiam, Cicero) : exsorbere (figuratively, to bear anything, or put it with it ; e. g., difficultatem, Cicero).
SWAMP, s., palus, -udis : locus palustris : uligo : locus uliginosus [SYN. in FEN] ; stagnum (covered with standing water).
SWAMP, v., || Properly, mergere : demergere : cœno ac palude mergere aliquem (Tacitus). To swamp a vessel, navem deprimere (Cæsar) ; supprimere, demergere (Livius) ; navem in alto mergere (Livius). || Figuratively, malis mergere aliquem : to be swamped, demersum esse (e. g., quamvis sint demersæ leges alicujus opibus, emergunt tamen aliquando, Cicero).
SWAMPY, palustris : uliginosus.
SWAN, cygnus : cycnus(Cicero) ; olor (Vergilius) ; * anas olor (Linnæus) : swan-down, pluma cycnea (Ovidius) : swans’ song, cantus olorum (Plinius) ; cantus olorinus (Sidon. ) ; vox cycnea (Cicero, De Or., 3, 2, 6 ; proverbially) ; extremæ morientis voces ; tamquam cycnea vox (Cicero) ; carmen cygneum. All his geese are swans, arcem facit e cloaca ; arces facit, or facere solet, e cloacis (after Cicero). κυρικιμασαηικο
SWARD, cæspes : locus gramineus or gramine vestitus : the green sward, cæspes ; cæspes vivus or viridis : to cast one’s self upon the sward, se abjicere in herba (Cicero, De Or. 1, 7, 28).
SWARM, s., apum pullities (Columella, of bees) : examen (apum, Cicero ; also, of other things) : vis, turba (great number).
SWARM, v., examina condere (Vergilius) : examinare (Columella, of bees) : affluere : abundare (to abound) : to sward about anybody, circumvolitare aliquem.
SWARTHY, fuscus (Cicero) ; diminutive, subfuscus (Tacitus) ; ex rubro subniger (Celsus) : adusti coloris.
SWATH, striga (Columella).
SWATHE, s., fascia.
SWATHE, v., fasciis involvere : ligare.
SWAY, v., Vid. RULE, SWING.
SWAY, s., || Power, imperium : dominatio. || Motion to and fro, vacillatio : motus.
SWEAR, || Intransitively. To take an oath, jurare : jusjurandum jurare or dare (that ; accusative with infinitive). To swear to anything, jurejurando firmare (to confirm by oath) : jurare aliquid or with accusative and infinitive (to swear that a thing really is so ; e. g., morbum, to swear that a person is sick, to swear to a sickness) : adjurare, followed by accusative and infinitive (to assure upon oath that a thing is or is not so, that one will or will not do anything) : jurare in aliquid (to lay an oath upon anything ; e. g., in litem ; i. e., to swear that a person is really indebted to one, to swear to one’s accusation ; but especially to bind one’s self by oath to anything, to undertake upon oath ; e. g., in fœdus, in legem) : I swear (as a witness) to evidence, juro testimonium dicens : I can swear to it with good conscience, liquet mihi jurare : I will swear to it that, etc., dabo jusjurandum. || To use profane language, diras, impias voces edere : to curse and swear, * maledicere alicui : aliquem exsecrari, et diras, impias voces, dira verba, diras exclamationes addere. || Transitively. To put upon oath, jurejurando or jusjurandum, or ad jusjurandum aliquem adigere ; jusjurandum ab aliquo exigere (general terms) : aliquem sacramento rogare or adigere (a soldier).
Sworn, juratus. A swearing or swearing in, adactio jusjurandi (Livius, 22, 38).
SWEARER (profane), * dirarum jactator : qui male precatur, male imprecatur alicui.
SWEAT, s., sudor : A cold sweat, sudor frigidus (Celsus), or gelidus (Vergilius) ; frigidus sudor mihi occupat artus (Ovidius, Met., 5, 632) : gelidus manabat corpore sudor (Vergilius, Æn., 3, 175) : to put into a sweat, sudorem movere (Celsus) ; facere, ciere, vocare (Plinius) ; elicere (Celsus) : in a sweat, sudore madens, diffluens, perfusus : to be in a sweat, sudare (Cicero) ; sudorem emittere : to be in a great sweat, multo sudore manare (Cicero), or diffluere (Phædrus) : to check or suppress sweat, sudorem coercere, inhibere, sistere, sedare, reprimere (Plinius) : earned by the sweat of one’s brow, sudore partus ; multo sudore ac labore partus.
SWEAT, v., || Intransitively, sudare : sudorem emittere : sudore manare. Figuratively. The walls sweat, parietes madent (Plautus), or asperguntur (after aspergo parietum, Cato, Plinius) : to sweat blood, sudare sanguine or sanguinem. || Transitively, sudorem movere (Celsus), facere, ciere, evocare (Plinius), elicere (Celsus).
SWEEP, v., verrere (e. g., pavimentum, ædes, vias). To sweep down, detergere : to sweep off, abstergere : to sweep out (i. e., cleanse by sweeping), everrere : everrere et purgare (to remove by sweeping, as dung from a stall ; and, to cleanse by sweeping, as, a stall) : verrere (to sweep cleanse, e. g., a home) : purgare : depurgare
: emundare (general term t to cleanse) : to sweep clean (figuratively, of plunder), everrere el extergere (e. g., templa of Verres ; Cicero).
SWEEP, || Act cf sweeping ; by the verbs. || A chimney-sweeper, * caminos detergendi artifox. || Compass of a stroke, ambitus : circuitus : civcumactio. || Space, spatium.
SWEET, || Properly, dulcis (the proper word ; opposed to amarus, austerus, asper).
Sweet as honey, melleus : cloyingly sweet, languide dulcis (Plinius). || Figuratively. Of sounds, dulcis : suavis : mollis : blandus : a sweet voice, vox dulcis, suavis, mollis. || Of smell, suavis : jucundus (Cicero) ; mollis (Plinius). || Agreeable, pleasant, suavis : jucundus : dulcis : sweet sleep, somnus dulcis or jucundus (Cicero), mollis (Vergilius), levis (Horatius) : the sweet name of liberty, dulce nomen libertatis (Cicero).
SWEET-BREAD, glandula vitulina (Plinius).
SWEETEN, aliquid dulce facere, reddere (with sugar) : * saccharum alicui rei incoquere (after Plinius, 34, 17, 48) : * saccharo condire (especially to preserve). || To alleviate, vid.
SWEETHEART, dilecta (general term ; e. g., Plinius, 35, 11, 37 : Cf., amata does not occur) : amica (in a dishonorable sense). My sweetheart, amor noster : deliciæ meæ : voluptas nostra : to have a sweetheart, aliquam diligere (with reference to a particular person, in a good sense) ; amare (in a bad sense) : to have many sweethearts, multos amare.
SWEETLY, Properly. By the adjectives ; e. g., to taste sweetly, dulci esse sapore. || Figuratively, dulciter : blande : molle : suaviter.
SWEETNESS, || Properly, dulcedo : (dulcetudo, rare, Cicero). Cf., Avoid dulcitas, which is late. || Figuratively, suavitas : dulcedo (e. g., dulcedo, suavitas, orationis : dulcedo cantus, gloriæ, Cicero).
SWELL, v., || Intransitively, tumescere : intumescere : extumescere (Cf., contumescere very late) ; turgescere (Cf., inturgescere very late) : crescere : accrescere (to grow) : augeri, augescere (to increase). || To be swollen, turgere : tumere (Döderlein makes turgere denote actual fulness, tumere apparent fulness, but real emptiness ; but this does not always hold : tumere seems, however, to be used especially of unnatural, unhealthy cases ; turgere, though not exclusively, of natural, healthy ones : the seed, corn, a grape, etc., swells, semen turget ; frumenta turgent ; gemmæ in læto palmite turgent ; uva turget mero : the body is swollen with, poison, corpus tumet veneno). Her eyes are swelled with weeping, lumina turgent gemitu (Propertius) : his face is swelled from a blow, ora turgent ab ictu (Ovidius). || Figuratively. To swell with passion, turgere (Plautus) : turgescere : tumere (Cicero ; of swelling with any vicious passion) ; (vitrea) bilis turgescit (Persius). To be swelled (with pride, etc. ), inflatum, elatum esse (tumidum esse, in Seneca and Tacitus, but rare). My heart swells with joy, lætitia magna perfruor : lætitia or gaudio exsulto. || Transitively, tumefacere (to cause to swell) : augere (to enlarge ; e. g., flumen) : implere (to fill) : inflare : inflationem habere, facere, or parere (to inflate) : to swell the sails, vela tendere or intendere ; vela implere (to fill them) : swollen sails, vela turgida or tumida (the former when they have caught the wind, the latter when filled with useless air ; so Döderlein, but perhaps with too nice a distinction).
SWELL, s., (of the sea), æstus (maris).
SWELLING, adjective, tumidus : turgidus :
Swelling words, ampullæ : jactatio : jactantia. Vid. also, BRAGGING.
SWELLING, s., tumor (general term) : tuber (a projecting tumor, boil, etc. ) : panus (inflammation of the glands of the neck, under the arms, etc. ) . A swelling on the legs, tumor crurum : boa (a swelling on the legs from much walking ; Festus, p. 25) : scirrhoma, -atis, neuter ; scirrhus (a hard swelling without pain, but dangerous). A swelling grows hard, tumor occallescit : a swelling goes down, tumor detumescit.
SWERVE, decedere : declinare. Vid. DECLINE, DEPART.
SWIFT, adjective, citus : celer : velox : swift of foot, pernix : pedibus celer (Cf., celeripes is poetical) : a swift horse, equus celer or velox. Vid. QUICK, RAPID.
SWIFT, s., || A bird, apus (Plinius) ; * hirundo apus (Linnæus).
SWIFTLY, cito : celeriter : festinanter : velociter.
SWIFTNESS, celeritas : velocitas : pernicitas (fleetness) ; or by circumlocution with the adjectives. The swiftness of a stream or river, rapiditas fluminis : swiftness of time, temporis celeritas.
SWIG,
SWILL, v., glutire : haurire.
SWIG,
SWILL, s., haustus : potus. A good swig, largus haustus : at one swig, uno haustu, potu.
SWILL, s., || Wash for pigs, colluvies (Plinius, 24, 19, 116).
SWIM, || Properly, nare : natare. To swim in or upon, innare : innatare alicui rei ; at or near, adnare aliquid (Cæsar) ; adnatare alicui rei (Plinius, Ep. ) ; across, tranare : nando trajicere. To swim with, against, the stream [vid. STREAM]. || Figuratively, redundare : inundari : madere : perfusum esse : circumfluere (e. g., sanguine redundare, madere, or perfusum esse : fletu or lacrimis perfusum esse : lacrimis madere : deliciis diffluere : circumfluere omnibus copiis atque in omnium rerum abundantia vivere).
SWIMMER, natator (Varro, L. L. ). To be a good swimmer, bene, perite, natare posse : I am not a good swimmer, non valde bonus natator sum (Muret. ) :
SWIMMING, natatio (Suetonius). To save one’s self by swimming, nando in tutum pervenire (Nepos, Chabr., 4, 4) : the art of swimming, ars natandi : a swimming place, natatio (Celsus) : a swimming school, * locus quo ars natandi traditur.
SWIMMINGLY, facile : prospere.
SWINDLE, fraudare : imponere alicui : aliquem emungere argento : circumducere (comedy).
SWINDLER, fraudator : circumscriptor : præstigiator : quadruplator.
SWINDLING, fraus : fraudatio : dolus malus : circumscriptio.
SWINE, sus (general term) : porcus (considered as tame and kept for food) : plural, pecus suillum (Columella). Of or belonging to swine, suillus ; porcinus : swine’s flesh, (caro) suilla or porcina : a drove of swine, grex suillus.
SWINE-HERD, subulcus (Columella) : suarius (Plinius).
SWING, v., || Transitively, jactare (hue illuc). || Intransitively, * se jactare (hue illuc) : agitari : moveri. || To enjoy the amusement of swinging, oscillare (Schol. Bob. ad Cic., Planc., 9) : oscillo moveri (Festus, p. 193) : tabula interposita pendente funibus se jactare (Hygin., Astron., 2, 4, p. 36, ed. Muncker) : pendula machina agitari (Schol. Bob., l. l. ).
SWING, s., || Act of swinging, oscillatio (late), or by circumlocution with the verb. || An apparatus for swinging, * oscillum : laquei pensiles (Gloss., as explanation of oscillum) : * pendula machina.
SWINISH, || Properly, suillus : porcinus. || Figuratively, beluinus (brutish) : stolidus : hebes : stupidus (stupid).
SWIPE, tolleno, -onis, masculine.
SWITCH, virgula.
SWIVEL, perhaps verticula or verticulus : * rota versatilis : * organon versatile. || A kind of gun, * tormentum versatile.
SWOLLEN, tumidus : turgens. A swollen style, inflata oratio ; verborum tumor.
SWOON, s., subita defectio (Suetonius, Calig., 50) ; in more modern Latin, deliquium, syncope (medical technical term).
SWOON, v., animus aliquem linquit, deficit (Curtius) : anima deficit (Celsus, 1, 17) : animo linqui aliquis cœpit (Curtius) : animo linqui (Seneca, De Ira, 1, 12, 2) : animus aliquem relinquit (Cæsar, B. G., 6, 38) : intermori (Livius) : collabi (Suetonius).
SWOOP, pulsus, -ûs : petitio.
SWORD, gladius : ensis (in poetry, for the sword wielded by heroes ; and in Livy, for that of a gigantic Gaul) : spatha (a long and very broad sword, such as those of the Gauls, Britons, and Germans ; not used by the Romans till the times of the emperors) : aci̅năces (ἀκινάκης, scimitar of the Persians, Medes, Scythians, etc. ) : ferrum (iron ; used, like our “steel, ” metonymy, for sword) : mucro (point of the sword ; hence, by metonymy, for the whole sword, with reference to its point and sharpness ; but only in the higher styles of composition, and in suitable phrases ; e. g., to fix or plunge one’s sword into anybody’s body, mucronem figere in aliquo, Quintilianus). To have a sword by one’s side, gladio (or ense, or acinace, spatha, ferro) succinctum esse : to lay aside one’s sword, latus gladio (or ense, etc. ) succinctum nudare : to draw one’s sword, gladium (or ensem, etc. ) vagina educere ; or only gladium educere ; gladium stringere or destringere (poetical nudare) : to sheathe one’s sword, gladium (or ensem, etc. ) in vaginam recondere : to seize one’s sword (for defence), arma capere : to settle a dispute with the sword, aliquid gladio decernere : to let the sword settle a dispute, rem gladio gerere : to perish by the sword, hostium gladio or manibus perire : to perish either by the sword or by famine, vel hostium ferro vel inopia interire : with fire and sword, ferro ignique, ferro atque igni ; ferro flammaque ; ferro, igni, quacunque vi (seldom in the reverse order ; but Cicero, Phil., 13, 21, 47, has igni ferroque) : to conquer
anybody sword in hand, aliquem manu superare : the hilt of a sword, capulus : the blade, lamina : the point, mucro : the sheath, vagina : the belt, balteus : a stroke with a sword, ictus gladii : sword-bearer, * qui gladium fert.
SWORN, juratus : jurejurando firmatus (established by oath). A sworn enemy, alicui infestissimus ; adversarius capitalis.
SYCOMORE, * sycomorus (Celsus) : * ficus sycomorus (Linnæus).
SYCOPHANT, sycophanta (Terentianus) : assentator : adulator (Auctor ad Her. ). To play the sycophant, adulari.
SYLLABIC, by syllabæ or syllabarum : * syllabicus (technical term).
SYLLABLE, syllaba. The last syllable, syllaba postrema (Plautus) ; externa ; ultima (Quintilianus) : the last syllable but one, pænultima (Gellius) : to count syllables, syllabas dinumerare : by syllables, syllable by syllable, syllabatim (Cicero) : of one syllable, of two, three syllables, monosyllabus, disyllabus, trisyllabus.
SYLLOGISM, status ratiocinativus (Cicero ; cf. Quintilianus, as quoted in next word) : syllogismus (Quintilianus, passim).
SYLLOGISTIC, ratiocinativus (Cicero ; Cicero. . . statum syllogisticum ratiocinativum appellat, Quintilianus, 5, 10, 6) : syllogisticus (Quintilianus).
SYLPH, * sylphus : * sylpha (technical term).
SYMBOL, || A sign, imago : signum. || A confession of faith ; vid. CREED.
SYMBOLICAL, symbolicus (according to the analogy of symbolice in Gellius) : or by circumlocution with imago, signum.
SYMBOLICALLY, symbolice (Gellius) : per signum (or signa) : sub imagine.
SYMBOLIZE, Vid. AGREE.
SYMMETRICAL, symmetros (Vitruvius) : * symmetriæ conveniens, respondens.
SYMMETRICALLY, * symmetriæ convenienter.
SYMMETRY, symmetria (Vitruvius : Plinius, 34, 8, 19, says, non habet Latinum nomen Symmetria) : commensus (Vitruvius) : commodulatio (Vitruvius) : congruentia et æqualitas (Plinius, Ep. ) : convenientia partium : conciunitas. To pay the greatest attention to symmetry, symmetriam quam diligentissime custodire (Plinius).
SYMPATHETIC, * a concordia rerum petitus : * in convenientia et conjunctione naturæ positus, situs.
Sympathetic treatment (in medicine), * curatio a concordia rerum, a cognatione naturæ et quasi consensu, ducta, repetita.
SYMPATHETICALLY, * per quandam naturæ conjunctionem et convenientiam.
SYMPATHIZE, || To have a common feeling, to agree, consentire : congruere : convenire. The mind sympathizes with the body, animus corporis doloribus congruit (Cicero, Tusc., 5, 1, 3) : the loadstone sympathizes with iron, magnes concordiam habet cum ferro (Plinius, 34, 4, 42). || To display fellow-feeling with another, una gaudere (in joy) : alicujus casum or vicem dolere (in sorrow) : alicui misericordiam tribuere or impertire. To profess sympathy with anybody, coram suum dolorem declarare alicui : to manifest sympathy with anybody’s misfortunes, alicui miserias a se non alienas arbitrari : a sympathizing friend, * amicus qui una gaudet (in joy) : amicus qui meum casum dolet ; * qui vicem luctumque amici dolet (in sorrow).
SYMPATHY, || Natural harmony or agreement, naturæ quasi consensus, quam συμπάθειαν Græci vocant (Cicero, N. D., 3, 11) : concordia rerum, quam συμπάθειαν appellavere Græci (Plinius, 37, 4, 15) : also simply concordia rerum (Seneca, Ben., 6, 22 : sympathea, Vitruvius). || Fellow-feeling with another (in joy and sorrow), humanitas (Nepos, Dion., 1, 4) ; (in grief or distress), misericordia : doloris sui coram declaratio (after Sulpic., in Cicero, Ep., 4, 5) : a letter of sympathy, literæ consolatoriæ : to feel sympathy, æque dolere (Cicero, ad Fam., 4, 6, in. ).
SYMPHONIOUS, symphoniacus (Cicero has symphoniaci, sc. pueri or servi, musicians, choristers) : consonus : concinens : concors : consentiens.
SYMPHONY, symphonia (Cicero) : * concentus musicus : * opus musicum fidibus tibiisque canendum.
SYMPTOM, || Sign, vid. || Sign of a disease ; plural, signa (Cicero) : indicia (Celsus) : alicujus morbi propriæ notæ (Celsus) : valetudinis significationes (Cicero). Dangerous, bad, alarming symptoms, terrentia, -ium : if the alarming symptoms continue, si terrentia manent (Celsus, 3, 2) : if any unfavorable symptoms follow, si mala indicia subsecuta sunt (Celsus) : every symptom of inflammation, omne indicium inflammationis (Celsus).
SYNAGOGUE, synagoga, -æ (ecclesiastical).
SYNCHRONISM, * compositio rerum uno eodemque tempore gestarum.
SYNCHRONISTIC, ejusdem temporis : (res) gestæ uno eodemque tempore.
SYNCOPATE, * literam, syllabam, detrahere de verbo.
SYNCOPE, syncope, es (-a, -æ), feminine.
SYNDIC, cognitor civitatis (Cicero, in the ancient sense) : syndicus (Pand., modern).
SYNDICATE, * munus syndici (the office of syndic) : syndici, plural, (the syndics).
SYNECDOCHE, synecdoche (Quintilianus). By synecdoche, per synecdochem : Cf., synecdochice is late.
SYNOD, conventus (Cicero) : synodus (Codex Justinianus and Amm. ).
SYNONYM, vocabulum idem declarans or significans ; usually plural, verba idem declarantia, idem signiricantia (Quintilianus). To be a synonym, idem declarare, significare, valere : a number of synonyms, collecta vocabula quæ idem significant (Quintilianus, 10, 1, 7).
SYNONYMOUS, idem declarans : idem significans : quod idem declarat, significat, or valet : quo idem intelligi potest (cf. Cicero, Fin., 3, 4, 14 ; Quintilianus, 10, 1, 7) : cognominatus(συνώνυμος ; e. g., verba ; a sure reading, Cicero, Partit. 15, 53).
Some expressions have the property that they are synonymous with several words, sunt alia hujus naturæ, ut idem pluribus vocibus declarent.
SYNOPSIS, synopsis (Pand. ) : epitome : summarium : breviarium. Vid. COMPEND.
SYNTACTICAL, * syntacticus : * ad syntaxim pertinens.
SYNTACTICALLY, grammatice (e. g., loqui, Quintilianus, who distinguishes it fin Latine loqui).
SYNTAX, verborum constructio (Cicero) : syntaxis (grammatically) : verborum consecutio (grammatically).
SYNTHETICAL, * per conjunctionem or colligationem.
SYRINGE, s., sipho ; diminutive, siphunculus (Plinius) : oricularius clyster (a syringe for injection into the ears, Celsus).
SYRINGE, v., conspergere aliquid aliqua re.
SYRUP, * syrupus (medical technical term).
So Georges, Kraus gives syrupus.
SYSTEM, forma, formula, or descriptio disciplinæ (outline of a scheme or doctrine) : disciplina (a doctrine ; e. g., of a philosophical sect) : ratio (the rules or principles of a science or art) : ratio et disciplina : ars (the theory of an art). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) ratio et ars : artificium (an artificial system or theory ; e. g., memoriæ) : sententia (opinion, principle ; general term). The system of the Stoics, ratio, or ratio et disciplina Stoicorum : a good, complete, or well-arranged system, ratio bene instituta ; ars perpetuis præceptis ordinata ; accurate non modo fundata, verum etiam exstructa disciplina ; satis et copiose et eleganter constituta disciplina : a bad or imperfect system, ratio male instituta : to reduce to a system, certam quandam alicujus rei formulam componere ; formam alicujus rei instituere ; aliquid ad artem redigere ; aliquid ad artem et præcepta revocare ; aliquid ad rationem revocare : to compose a system, artificium componere de aliqua re (e. g., de jure civili) : to be reduced to a system, in artis perpetuis præceptis ordinatæ modum venire (vid. Livius, 9, 17) : to have been reduced to a system, arte conclusum esse : system of government, descriptio civitatis a majoribus nostris constituta (Cicero).
SYSTEMATIC, ad artem redactus ; ad artem et ad præcepta revocatus ; ad rationem revocatus ; perpetuis præceptis ordinatus. A systematic compendium or treatise, libri in quo omnia artificio et via traduntur (vid. Cicero, Fin., 4, 4, 10 ; or we may say, liber in quo præcepta ordinate traduntur ; liber in quo artis præcepta alia ex aliis nexa traduntur). Cf., Not liber systematicus.
SYSTEMATICALLY, must be expressed by circumlocution ; e. g., alicujus rei rationem artemque tradere, or aliquid artificio et via tradere (to treat of systematically). Cf., Not systematice aliquid proponere or docere.
SYSTEMATIZE, certam quandam philosophiæ formulam componere (Cicero, Acad., 1, 4, 17) : philosophiæ formam instituere (ibid. ) : artem efficere, instituere (Cicero, De Or., 1, 41, 183) : ad artem redigere aliquid (Cicero) : ad rationem revocare aliquid (Id., De Rep., 2, 11).
TABARD, * toga lorioam tegens : * caduceatoris vestis. TABBY, maculosus : maculosi coloris. TABERNACLE, v., tabernaculum : tabema. TABERNACLE, s., habitare (aliquo loco) : domicilium or sedem ac domicilium habere (aliquo loco).
TABLATURE, || In music, * orbis, ambitus melicus (Bau. ). || Paintings on walls or ceilings, (opus) tectorium : udo tectorio diligenter inducti colores (Vitruvius).
TABLE, || A board on which meals are spread, mensa ; diminutive, mensula (Plautus) : monopodium (a table with a single pillar or leg). To sit at table, assidere mensæ (according to the modern fashion) ; accumbere mensæ (in the Roman manner) : to sit down to table, assidere mensæ (according to the
modern fashion) ; accumbere mensæ (in the Roman fashion) : to cover a table, * linteum superinjicere mensæ (i. e., to lay the cloth) : to set food on a table, mensam exstruere epulis : to clear the table, mensam tollere (according to the Roman custom). || A meal, entertainment, cœna : cœnatio : convivium : epulæ (Sallustius) ; also, mensa (Curtius) : at table, apud mensam (Plautus) ; super mensam (Curtius) ; super mensas (Horatius) ; better, super cœnam (Plinius, Ep., Suet. ) ; inter cœnam (Cicero) ; inter epulas (Sallustius) ; super vinum et epulas (Curtius) : to purchase fish for table, ad cœnam pisces emere : to invite to table, aliquem invitare, vocare, ad cœnam : to be at anybody’s table, cœnare apud aliquem (Cicero) ; cum aliquo (Horatius) : to rise from table, a mensa surgere (Plautus) ; desurgere cœna, (Horatius, Sat. ) : a good table, lautus victus ; epulæ conquisitissimæ : to keep a good table, laute, lepide cœnare : the pleasures of the table, delectatio conviviorum ; oblectamenta convivialia ; voluptates epularum : to enjoy the pleasures of the table, delectari conviviis. || Any long or broad board, tabula ; tessera (small). || For writing on, tabula, tabella ; codicilli, pugillares (small tablet, memorandum-book). || A written list, etc., tabula (e. g., tabulæ historicæ, chronologicæ).
TABLE-BEER, * cerevisia cibaria. κυρικιμασαηικοTABLE-CLOTH, linteum in mensa ponendum or positum (linen ; vid. Appuleius, Apol., 308, 19) : gausape or gausapes (woollen, wove on one side), or * mensæ linteum, only. To lay the table-cloth, mensam linteo sternere (after triclinium sternere, Martial) ; * linteum superinjicere mensæ. TABLE-SERVICE, mensæ vasa, -orum, plural ; abacorum vasa, plural, (on a sideboard) : vasa escaria, plural : repositona (supports for plates ; waiters). Table-service of silver, argentum escarium : argentum escarium et potorium ; or simply, argentum, when the context fixes the sense : of gold, aurea mensæ vasa, plural. TABLE-TALK, sermo natus super cœnam : fabulæ convivales (Tacitus, Ann., 6, 5). Agreeable table-talk, oblectamenta sermonum convivalia (after Livius, 39, 6) ; jucundi inter epulas, super cœnam, habiti sennones (after Cicero).
TABLET, s., tabula (of wood) : lamina (of wood or metal) : tessera (of wood, square) : charta (of any material ; e. g., of lead) : tabellæ, pugillares (when consisting of several leaves).
TABOUR, Vid. TAMBOURINE. TABULAR, By genitive of tabula : ut tabula. TACIT, tacitus. Vid. SILENT. TACITLY, tacite : tacito : Vid. SILENTLY. TACITURNITY, taciturnitas : pectus clausum. TACK, v., Transitively, || To join or unite, rem rei or cum re jungere, connectere, conjungere : rem rei or ad rem annectere. || Intransitively, In navigation, rursum prorsum navigare pedibus prolatis (after Plinius 2, 47, 48) : Cf., pedem facere or proferre, ventum obliquum captare, etc., are = to sail with, a half wind. TACK, s., || A small nail, clavulus. || The act of turning about ships at sea ; by the verb. TACKLE, Vid. IMPLEMENTS. TACKLING, s., armamenta, -orum, neuter plural, (Cf., navalia, substantive instrumenta, is found in this sense only in Vergilius, Æn., 11, 329 : in Livius, 45, 23, and Plinius, 16, 11, 31, it is = naves). To destroy the tackling of a ship, navem armamentis spoliare : navis armamenta fundere (Suetonius) : navem exarmare (said of a storm).
TACT, naturalis quidam sensus (e. g., non arte aliqua sed naturali quodam sensu judicare aliquid) ; ingenii dexteritas, or dexteritas only (ad aliquid, Livius, of tact in conduct toward others ; in the sense of “adroitness” generally, it is not Latin) : sollertia, calliditas, prudentia, peritia ; ingenium ad aliquid aptum or habile (natural adroitness, in a particular respect). By a certain tact, naturali quodam bono (Nepos, Thras., 1).
TACTICS, || Military, res militaris. He made many improvements in military tactics, multa in re militari partim nova attulit, partim meliora fecit (Nepos). || Figuratively, ars : modus : ratio agendi. TADPOLE, ranula (Appuleius).
TAFFETA, * pannus sericus tenuissimus. TAG, s., * ligula : * acus astrictoria. TAG, v., * ferro, ligula, acu præfigere. TAG RAG AND BOB TAIL, fæx populi : homines objectissimi, perditi (Cicero).
TAIL, cauda (Cf., not coda). A little tail, cauda parva : caudicula (in later writers) : to wag the tail, caudam movere or jactare (alicui) : to drop the tail, caudam sub alvum reflectere : the tail of a comet, stellæ crines : to tie up a horse’s tail, * caudæ setas in nodum colligere. TAILOR, sartor (this word, however, rests on no classical authority, for in Plautus, Capt., iii, 5, 3, it denotes “a hoer” or “weeder, ” from sarrio. Consult Class., Mus., vol. v., p. 334) ; * vestium artifex ; vestifica, feminine, (inscriptions). To be a tailor, vestes facere : * sartoriam artem, vestificinam exercere. The tailor makes the man (proverbially), homo ex veste, aut ex conditione, quæ vestis nobis circumdata est, vulgo æstimatur (after Seneca, Ep., 47, 14).
TAILORING, * ars sartoria ; * ars vestes faciendi vestificina (Tertullianus) ; vestificium (Gloss. ).
TAINT, v., || Properly, vitiare : corrumpere : inficere : contagione aliquem labefactare. || Figuratively, inficere vitiis : imbuere erroribus, vitiis. TAINT, s., By the verbs ; or vitium, contagio (properly and figuratively).
TAKE, || Transitively, sumere (to remove that which is at rest ; to take anything to one’s self in order to use or to enjoy it, etc. ) : capere (to take hold of ; then to make one’s self master of a thing in order to possess it : hence = to capture, e. g., a town) : rapere (to snatch away, carry off hastily) : arripere (to snatch to one’s self suddenly, unexpectedly) : accipere (to accept a thing offered ; opposed to dare, tradere, etc. ; but the former words rather denote a taking of one’s own accord) : deprehendere (to catch, take in the act ; e. g., of stealing) : tollere (to take up) : promere, depromere (to bring or fetch forth, for the purpose of use) : auferre (to bear or carry forth or away ; hence, also, simply “to take, ” in good or bad sense ; and then = eripere, surripere, furari) : eripere (to snatch out, take with violence ; implying resistance on the part of a person in possession) : surripere (to purloin, take by stealth) : furari (to steal) : expugnare (to take by storm ; properly or figuratively). Not to take anything, aliquid non accipere : aliquid accipere abnuo (courteously to refuse acceptance) : to take to pieces, dissolvere aliquid (e. g., movable towers, turres ambulatorias, Hirtius ; hence of taking to pieces puzzles, etc. ) : in memoria (sua) discerpere : to take in the hand, in manum sumere ; in manum capere (to seize with the hand) : to take in hand (a book, a writing, etc. ), in manus sumere (e. g., Epicurum) : to take money, pecuniam sumere (to take to one’s self for any use, as Terentius, Ad., 5, 9, 40, a me argentum, quanti est, sume) : pecuniam capere (to take it whether the other party be willing to give it or not) : pecuniam accipere (to take it when another offers it ; hence, also = to suffer one’s self to be bribed). To take up money on interest, pecuniam mutuari or mutuam sumere. || To assume, vid. To take the name of king, regium nomen sumere : regium nomen sibi asciscere. PHR. To take for granted [vid. ASSUME (end of article)]. To take upon one’s self, (α) To undertake a thing, suscipere (not to decline ; opposed to recusare) : recipere (to undertake a thing readily, and to answer for a good result ; cf. Müller, Cic., De Or., 2, 24, 101). (β) To promise, to answer for, in se recipere (the proper word ; e. g., periculum) : præstare aliquid (e. g., culpam, alicujus factum) : I take it upon myself, ad me recipio. To take out anything (i. e., to reach, or fetch out or forth), promere, depromere ex or de, etc. (to fetch a thing out of a place in order to use it) : eximere ex, de, etc. (to take away a thing, whether for the purpose of removing it or of applying it to a different use) : demere de or ex, etc. (in order to remove it ; e. g., secures e fascibus) : auferre ex, etc. (to take away a thing in order to gain possession of it ; e. g., pecuniam ex ærario). That passage I have taken literally from Dicæarchus, istum ego locum totidem verbis a Dicæarcho transtuli. To take for anything ; (α) To receive payment for anything, accipere pro re. (β) To interpret ; as, accipere in aliquid (e. g., in contumeliam). To take (i. e., receive) into, recipere in aliquid (e. g., in ordinem senatorium) ; assumere in aliquem (e. g., in societatem). To take with one, aliquid auferre (to take away with one’s self) : aliquem secum educere (to take out with one’s self) : aliquem secum deducere (to lead anyone away from a place with one’s self) : aliquem abducere (to lead or take anyone from one place to another). To take from a person or thing, demere de, etc. (from a thing, properly) : demere alicui aliquid, eximere alicui aliquid or aliquem ex re (to take anything from a person, figuratively ; i. e., to free him from anything). To take a thing or person in anything = to make or compose anything out of a material, facere, or fingere, or effingere, or exprimere aliquid ex aliqua re. To take a thing or person to or as anything ; (α) To apply to anything, adhibere aliquem ad or in aliquid : (β) To choose one to anything, sumere (only in the comic writers capere) aliquem , with an accusative of that to which the person is chosen ; e. g., to
take one as an umpire, aliquem arbitrum ; to take one as a general, aliquem imperatorem. To take to one’s self : (α) To receive into one’s house, aliquem ad se, domum ad se, or, simply, domum suam recipere ; aliquem tecto et mensa recipere, to one’s house and to one’s table. (β) To put in connection with one’s self, pecuniam in crumenam suam condere. (γ) To eat or drink, sumere (food and liquids ; e. g., venenum) : cibum modicum cum aqua (Celsus) : assumere (Lucretius ; Celsus, passim ; e. g., nihil assumere, nisi aquam) : capere (food) : potare or bibere (to drink ; e. g., medicamentum) : accipere (medicine, poison, etc. ). To take nothing (no food), cibo se abs|tinere : to take a little (food), gustare (as a luncheon ; vid. Gierig., Plin. Ep., 3, 5, 11) : to give one anything to take (to drink, etc. ), alicui aliquid potandum præbere. To take well or in good part, in bonam partem accipere : belle ferre : boni or æque bonique facere : boni consulere : to take ill or in bad part, in malam partem accipere : ægre, graviter, moleste, indigne ferre : male interpretari : to take kindly, benigne audire (to listen kindly to), in mitiorem partem or mollius interpretari : mollius accipere (indulgently) : to take thankfully, grato animo interpretari : to take coolly, æquo animo accipere : to take as a reproach, accipere in or ad contumeliam : vertere ad contumeliam : to take anything said in joke as if said in earnest, quod dictum est per jocum, id serio prævertere (Plautus, Amph., 3, 2, 40) : to take a thing differently from what was meant, accipere in aliam partem ac dictum est. To take rest, quiescere, requiescere, quiescere et respirare (general term) : acquiescere, conquiescere, quietem capere, quieti se dare (from bodily exertion) : se reficere (fin exertion of body or mind). animum relaxare (of mind). To take root [vid. ROOT]. To take a sketch of anything [vid. SKETCH]. || To put up with (an insult), accipere. || To catch, vid. || Intransitively. To succeed, please, vid.
TAKE AFTER, i. e., to be like, imitate, follow, similem fieri alicujus or alicui (to become like) : aliquem imitari (to imitate) : * alicujus ingenium or mores induere (to adopt the character or manners of anyone) : to have taken after anyone, alicujus mores referre : aliquem reddere et referre : to take after the father, patris similem fieri (Cf., comical, patrissare) ; in anything, patrem in aliqua re imitari : he takes more after his mother than after his father, matris similior est quam patris.
TAKE AWAY, (without force), demere aliquid aliqua re : detrahere aliquid alicui rei : legere aliquid ex or ab aliqua re : with force, or unjustly, adimere alicui aliquid : detrahere alicui aliquid (to withdraw from) : eripere alicui aliquid (to snatch from). To take away the baggage from the enemy, hostem exuere impedimentis : to take away an office from anyone, abrogare alicui munus : to take away the command from anyone, adimere alicui imperium.
TAKE BACK. To take back an article sold, on the ground of its being defective, redhibere aliquid.
TAKE IN. || To comprehend, capere, percipere, with or without animo or mente. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) percipere et cognoscere, cognoscere et percipere (general term) : accipere (of a pupil who attends a lecture). To take in anything quickly, aliquid celeriter percipere (after Quintilianus, 1, 10, 34) : aliquid arripere : to take in greedily, avide arripere aliquid ; quickly or easily, quæ traduntur, celeriter, non difficulter, accipere. || To deceive, cheat, vid.
TAKE OFF. || To remove, demere aliquid aliqua re : detrahere aliquid alicui rei (to draw off) : legere aliquid ex or ab aliqua re (to gather) : levare aliquem aliqua re (to take a burden from anyone). To take off a limb, membrum amputare : to take off the beard, barbam ponere : to take off the hat, pilum deponere (in order to lay it aside) : caput aperire (out of compliment to anyone) ; capite aperto salutare aliquem : to take off a cloak, pallium deponere (opposed to se amicire pallio : Cf., not exuere se pallio, which = to draw off ; opposed to induere). || To abate, remittere alicui aliquid de summa or pecunia. || To pourtray, draw, exprimere imaginem alicujus rei (general term) : formam (the whole figure) alicujus describes, delineare imaginem rei (in outline) : in gold, wax, etc., exprimere aliquid auro, cera or in cera. || To burlesque, mimic, vid. TAKE OUT, eximere alicui rei, de or ex aliqua re (to remove from) : excipere de or ex aliqua re (to fetch out) : promere (to draw or fetch forth) ex, etc. To take out a tooth, dentem eximere ; from anyone, alicui dentem excipere or evellere. To take out horses, etc., (equos) disjungere : abjungere (Vergilius).
TAKE ROUND, circumducere (e. g., per ædes). To take anyone round in order to show him objects worth seeing, ducere aliquem ad ea quæ visenda sunt et unumquidque ostendero (Cicero, Verr., 4, 59, 132).
TAKE UP. Vid. ADOPT, ANSWER, OCCUPY, PATRONIZE.
TAKING, s. By circumlocution with verbs in TAKE. The taking of honey, etc., exemtio ; e. g., alvi apiarii (Varro) ; favorum (Columella).
TAKING, adjective. Vid. ATTRACTIVE, CHARMING. TALC, * talcum (Linnæus) : Cf., lapis specularis, lapis phengites = mica. TALE. || That which one relates, a narrative, story, fabula : narratio : fabella. A mere tale, fabula ficta : ficta et commenticia fabula : nursery tales, fabulæ atque commenticiæ narrationes : to tell (relate) a tale, enarrare, denarrare, aliquid : fabulam narrare. || That which one counts, a number, numerus : double tale, numerus duplicatus : the tale is right, numerus convenit : to tell (count) a tale, numerare, dinumerare (Cicero) ; numerum inire (Curtius) ; numerando percensere. || Improperly. This is the old tale, hoc vero tralaticium est (e. g., me exquisisse aliquid, in quo te offendam, Cicero).
TALE-BEARER, susurro (ψιθυριστής, late ; Sidon., Ep., 5, 7) : delator (Tac) ; calumniator (Cicero) ; sycophants (Terentianus). To be a tale-bearer, delationes factitare : not to listen to tale-bearers, delatoribus aures non habere : lo listen to tale-bearers, delatoribus aures patefacere. TALENT, || A certain weight or sum of money, talentum. || Ability, indoles : natura : ingenium : naturæ habitus (natural, innate talent) : virtus (acquired by effort and practice ; opposed to ingenium) : facultas, ingenii facultas (ability). Talents, ingenium ; (of several), ingenia : indoles (singular). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) natura atque ingenium : (Cf., ingenii dexteritas, or simply dexteritas, not = “cleverness, adroitness, ” in general ; but “tact, address, ” skill in the art of pleasing). A man of talent, ingeniosus : a man of great talent, peringeniosus : oratorical talent, facultas dicendi : ingenium oratorium : virtus oratoria : a talent for writing, ingenium et virtus in scribendo : lo have but little talent, non maximi esse ingenii ; for anything, ad alicujus rei intelligentiam minus instrumenti a natura habere : good talents, ingenii bonitas : magnæ facultates ingenii : good natural talents, naturæ bonitas : naturale quoddam bonum : to possess good talents, bona indole præditum esse : ingenio valere or abundare : to possess great, remarkable talents, præstantissimo ingenio præditum esse : excellentis ingenii magnitudine ornatum esse : to possess moderate talents, mediocri ingenio esse. TALENTED (in bad English ; e. g., a talented man, for “a man of talents”), ingeniosus : peringeniosus : eximii ingenii : magno ingenio præditus. TALISMAN, amuletum (Plinius) ; * imaguncula magica : sigillum magicum. To serve as a talisman, amuleti naturam obtincre, amuleti ratione prodesse. TALK, s., sermo (general term, a conversation of several persons on any subject) : voces, plural, (loud talk) : fama, rumor (fame, report ; vid. REPORT). There is a talk, etc. [vid. REPORT]. To become the common talk, in sermonem hominum venire ; in ora hominum, or vulgi, abire or pervenire : to become the talk of ill-natured people, incurrere in voculas malevolorum : to make anything the talk of the town, per totam urbem rumoribus differre : to be the common talk, or the talk of the town, in sermonem hominum venire (Cicero, Verr., 2, 4, 7) ; esse in ore hominum or vulgi ; esse in ore et sermone omnium ; omnium sermonibus vapulare : to be the talk of the town for one whole summer, aliquid unam æstatem aures refercit sermonibus.
TALK, v., loqui : colloqui (rarely fari, which is poetical) : fabulari, confabulari (of very familiar conversation). To talk much of anything, sermone aliquid celebrare : crebris sermonibus aliquid usurpare (Cicero) : to teach children to talk, parvulos verba edocere (Plinius, Paneg., 26) : children learn to talk, pueri loqui discunt : when the parrot learns to talk, psittacus quum loqui discit (Plinius, 10, 42, 58) : birds that learn to talk, aves ad imitandum vocis humanæ sonitum dociles (Curtius, 8, 9, 16) ; aves humano sermone vocales (Plinius, 10, 51, 72) : to talk over anything with anybody, colloqui aliquid cum aliquo, usually colloqui de re (vid. commentators on Nepos, Them., 9, 4) : conferre aliquid ; consilia conferre de re ; communicare cum aliquo de re (to communicate about anything) : agere, disceptare cum aliquo de re (to treat, discuss). To talk over, coram conferre aliquid : to talk with the fingers, digitis loqui (Ovidius, Trist., 2, 453) ; per digitorum gestum significare aliquid (vid. Ovidius, Trist., 5, 10, 36) :
talking with the fingers, digitorum signa, plural, (Quintilianus) ; digiti nostram voluntatem indicautes (Quintilianus).
TALKATIVE, garrulus : loquax [SYN. in GARRULOUS] : affabilis (who likes to enter into a conversation, conversable, condescending) : lingua or sermone promptus (ready to talk).
TALKATIVENESS, loquacitas : garrulitas. TALL, altus : procerus (Cicero). A tall man, homo procerus, procera statura ; procero corpore (Seneca) ; homo celsus or excelsus : longus homo (a tall fellow ; loggerhead, contemptuously). A tall tree, arbor alta or procera (Plinius) : a very tall poplar, populus procerissima (Cicero) ; Octavianus usus est calceamentis altiusculis, ut procerior quam erat videretur (taller, Suetonius, Oct., 73) : taller than others, corporis proceritate elatior aliis atque celsior : plants of taller growth, plantæ majoris increment : trees which do not grow tall, arbŏres non magni incrementi. TALLNESS, altitudo : proceritas. TALLOW, sebum. A tallow candle, * candela sebata : sebaceus (Appuleius, Met., 4) : to make tallow candles, sebare candelas (Columella, 2, 21, 3).
TALLOW-CHANDLER, * candelarum fusor. TALLOWY, sebosus (full of tallow, Plinius, 11, 37, 86) : sebaceus (made or consisting of tallow, Appuleius, Met., 4).
TALLY, s., tessera. TALLY, v., Vid. AGREE, MATCH. TALMUD, * Talmud : * corpus magistrorum Judaicorum. To be conversant with the Talmud, * magistros Judaicos intelligere. TALMUDICAL, * Talmudicus. TALMUDIST, * Talmudicus : * Talmudis interpretandi peritus : * magister Judaicus. TALON, unguis (Plinius) ; ungula (Plautus, but the latter usually of quadrupeds). To strike with the talons, ungulas injicere (Plautus) ; * unguibus vulnerare, lædere. TAMARIND, * tamarindus (Linnæus).
TAMARISK TREE, tamărix (also in Linnæus).
TAMBOURINE, tympanum. To play on the tambourine, tympanum pulsare. TAME, a. || Not wild, gentle, cicur (by nature ; opposed to ferus, immanis) : mansuetus (lamed, by art ; opposed to ferus) : domitus (broken in ; opposed to ferus, ferox). Tame animals, animalia domestica, or mansuefacta (if once wild). || Figuratively. Cowardly, weak, animo defectus (Plinius) ; qui deficit animo (Cæsar) ; qui animo est abjecto, demisso (Cicero) ; demissus, fractus (Cicero). || Flat, insipid, jejunus : languidus : exilis. TAME, v., || Properly, domare (e. g., beluas, Cicero) ; mansuefacere (e. g., leones, Plinius). || Figuratively, domare : refrenare : coercere : mansuefacere : mollire.
TAMER, domitor. TAMPER, || To meddle, vid. || To practice secretly, occulto cum aliquo agere ; aliquem or alicujus animum tentare or sollicitare (often with ablative of the means, pecunia, minis, etc. ) : aliquem aggredi (to attack a person ; e. g., variis artibus). To tamper with subjects or soldiers, alicujus animum ad defectionem sollicitare. TAN, || To prepare leather, subigere, depsere (to work thoroughly) : conficere, perficere (to prepare). Fine tanned leather, aluta tenuiter confecta. || To make tawny, imbrown, colorare (of the sun ; e. g. quum in sole ambulem, natura fit, ut colorer, Cicero, De Or., 2, 14, 6 ; so Quintilianus, 5, 10, 81) : cutem adurere or infuscare (Plinius) : sole colorare (Seneca).
TANGENT, * linea tangens : * linea circulum contingens. TANGIBLE, quod sub tactum cadit (Cicero) : tactilis (Lucretius). Cf., Avoid tangibilis (Lactantius).
TANGLE, v., Vid. ENTANGLE. TANGLE, s., Circumlocution by turbatus, implexus, impeditus. TANK, cisterna : lacus : castellum (a large reservoir connected with an aqueduct).
TANNER, coriarius : coriorum confector (late).
TANTALIZE, Vid. TEASE. TANTAMOUNT, Vid. EQUAL. TAP, s., || A gentle blow, plaga levis. || A pipe for a barrel, epistomium : fistula. TAP, v., || To strike gently, leviter ferire. || To broach a vessel, * (terebra) dolium aperire (with reference to our method) : dolium relinere (to take off the pitch ; opposed to oblinere, to cover with pitch, Ruhnken, Ter., Heaut., 3, 1, 51) : promere vinum de dolio (to draw wine from the cask, Horatius, Epod., 2, 47) : de dolio haurire (to drink wine immediately from the cask, Cicero, Brut., 83, 287). to tap for the dropsy, cutem incidere. TAP-ROOT, * radix maxima or altissima. TAPE, tænia. TAPE-WORM, tænia (Plinius) ; * tænia solium and vulgaris (Linnæus).
TAPER, s., cereus, -i ; candela cerea. TAPER, adjective, * pyramidis formam habens : * in pyramidis formam redactus, erectus (pyramidal) : * cono similis : * in coni formam redactus (conical) : cacuminatus, fastigatus (running to a point).
TAPER, v., in acutum or in tenuitatem desinere : fastigatum esse. TAPESTRY, tapes, -etis, masculine ; plural, tapetes (Plautus) ; tapetum (Vergilius) : aulæum (a hanging, curtain) : textile stragulum (Cicero) ; stratum (Nepos, for use, as a carpet, coverlet, etc. ). On walls, vestis, velamentum parietum : to hang (walls) with tapestry, (parietes) tapetis exornare, * vestire. TAPIS, To bring upon the tapis, commemorare aliquid : mentionem alicujus rei facere, inferre, or injicere : movere or commovere aliquid : in medium proferre aliquid : commemorare et in medium proferre. TAR, s., pix liquida (Vitruvius, Plinius) ; also, simply pix (Vergilius, Vitruvius) : a tar-pot, * pyxis picis liquidæ servandæ. TAR, v., pice (liquida) illinere, or ungere, or munire ; picare aliquid (Plinius, Suetonius, Vitruvius). TARANTULA, * aranea tarantula (Linnæus) ; * lycosa tarantula (Latr. ).
TARDILY, tarde, lente (of body or mind) : tardo pede, tardo gradu, tardo passu (with slow step) : leniter (gently, and so slowly ; e. g., to act, flow) : paullatim, pedetentim (gradually). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) lente et paullatim : segniter (sleepily ; of the mind) : diu (a long time ; e. g., diu mori, perire, etc. ) : to go or move tardily, tarde ire or ingredi, tardo pede or gradu incedere, lente incedere (of persons and, animals) : tarde moveri (of things ; e. g., of a machine, etc. ) : lente or (as praise) leniter fluere (of a river) : tardius procedere (of undertakings, etc. ) : to travel tardily, iter facere tarde : to advance or proceed tardily, tarde procedere (general term) ; lente et paullatim procedere (cautiously and gradually).
TARDINESS, tarditas (bodily or mental ; ofpersons and things) : segnitia, segnities (slowness, of character : phlegmatic disposition). Cf., Not lentitudo, in this sense, in the best writers. TARDY, tardus (that moves or operates slowly ; of the mind, slow of comprehension, either indifferently or as blame ; opposed to celer, velox) : lentus (considerate ; not hasty and precipitate, as praise only ; and per euphemismum as a censure ; opposed to citus, celer) : segnis (sleepy ; denoting want of energy ; opposed to promtus ; all these of persons or things) : piger (lazy ; as a consequence of natural heaviness or dullness, of persons ; then also, by personification, of things ; as, remedia pigriora, in Columella, 2, 17, 3) : lenis (that flows gently ; of rivers) : longinquus (that lasts long, and so that passes away slowly ; e. g., noctes) : serus (too late). The tardy course of a river, fluminis lenitas (as praise) : segnis fluminis cursus (as a censure) : tardy of foot, male pedatus (Suetonius, Oth., 12) : tardy in business, tardus in rebus gerendis : tardy in learning, tardus ad discendum or in discendo ; lentus in discendo. TARE, || A kind of plant, ervum (also Linnæus). || A weed that grows among corn, spica inanis (Plinius, an empty ear) : avena sterilis (among oats). || A mercantile term, intertrimentum (loss, waste).
TARGET, || A shield, vid. || A mark to shoot at, scopus (Suetonius, Dom., 19).
TARIFF, * formula portoria exigendi (list of duties to be paid).
TARNISH, Transitively, rem obscurare ; præstringere nitorem rei ; hebetare, præstringere aliquid (properly ; speculorum fulgor hebetatur, is tarnished) ; obscurare, obruere (figuratively) ; then, also, decori officere (Livius, 1, 53, to tarnish one’s reputation). || Intransitively, obscurari ; splendorem, candorem amittere (Cicero) ; also, hebescere (Tacitus).
TARRY, morari ; moram facere. Vid. DELAY. TART, adjective, acidus. Vid. SHARP, SOUR. TART, s., artopticius panis dulcior (after Plinius, 18, 11, 27). A tart-pan, artopta (Greek, Plautus, Aul., 2, 9, 4) : a baker of tarts, pistor dulciarius (late).
TARTAR, to catch a Tartar, carbonem pro thesauro in venire (Plautus).
TARTLET, * artopticius panis dulcior, minoris formæ. TARTLY, TARTNESS, Vid. SHARPLY, SHARPNESS. TASK, s., pensum, pensum imperatum (a day’s work appointed ; from the practice of weighing out wool for spinning) ; opus (work to be done). To set or prescribe a task, pensum imperare : to set one’s self a task, proponere sibi aliquid faciendum : to be equal to a task, operi sufficere : to perform a difficult task, quod est difficillimum, efficere : to take one to task, reprehendere aliquem : castigare aliquem verbis (to reprove).
TASK, v., pensum alicui imperare. To task one’s self, proponere sibi aliquid faciendum. Vid. also, CHARGE. TASSEL, cirrus. A row of tassels, fimbriæ. TASTE, I. Objectively, (A) Properly, as a property of things, sapor (Cf., gustus for sapor is un-Ciceronian). To have a pleasant taste, jucundo sapore esse, jucunde sapere : anything loses its taste, alicujus rei sapor non permanet integer : to have a taste
that does not belong to it, alieno sapore infici (not alienum saporem ducere) : to have a bitter taste, amarum saporem habere : taste in the mouth, sapor in ore relictus : to have a taste in the mouth after anything, resipere aliquid : pears leave a sourish taste in the mouth, pira acidulum saporem in ore relinquunt : the wine leaves a pitchy taste in the mouth, vinum resipit picem. (B) Figuratively, The good taste of anything, elegantia (e. g., of a poem) : the bad taste of anything, insulsitas (e. g., villæ : Cf., inelegantia is not Latin). II.
Subjectively, as belonging to a person. (A) Properly. || The power or sense of tasting, gustatus : gustus (opposed to odoratus, aspectus ; but Cicero uses gustatus only ; Cf., sapor is quite unclassical in this sense). (B) Figuratively, (1) By way of trial ; slight participation, etc., gustus (gustum tibi dare volui = “a short specimen, ” Seneca). (2) || Sense of the beautiful, etc., gustatus ; for anything, alicujus rei (e. g., facinorosi veræ laudis gustatum non habent, Cicero, Phil., 2, 45, 115 [so Or., al. gustum]) : sensus (perception of ; for anything, alicujus rei). To form one’s taste, * animum ad elegantiam informare : to have a taste for anything, aliqua re delectari, gaudere : to have no taste for, abhorrere a re ; aliquid suo sensu non gustare : to acquire a taste for anything, alicujus rei sensu quodam imbui : to give anybody a taste for an art, * alicujus artis veluti gustatu quodam imbuere aliquem : anything is according to my taste, aliquid elegantiæ meæ esse videtur : anything is not to my taste, res non sapit ad genium meum (vid. Plautus, Pers., 1, 3, 28) ; res non est mei stomachi (vid. Cicero, ad Fam., 1, 8, 5). Hence taste, in a more restricted meaning = (a) the power and then the readiness to observe and feel the beauty or deformity of an object, judicium (so far as it rests on a right judgement ; sapor is here not Latin) : intelligentia (understanding and appreciation of) : a good or correct taste, elegantia (as a fine tact possessed) : judicium intelligens (correct judgement) : elegantia ; venustas (sense of the beautiful) : Cf., sensus pulchritudinis or pulchri not Latin. Critical taste, teretes aures (critical in judging of language, music, etc. ). A man of taste, elegans ; politus ; venustus : a man of admirable taste on every subject, homo in omni judicio elegantissimus : bad taste, pravitas judicii (Quintilianus). A person of no taste, homo exiguum sapiens ; homo sine judicio ; homo parum elegans : a fastidious taste, fastidium delicatissimum : to possess the fine taste of anybody, alicujus elegantia tinctum esse : to have taste in any matter, in aliqua re sensum aliquem habere ; elegantem alicujus rei esse spectatorem (on a subject of which the eyes can judge) : to have no (or little) taste, exiguum sapere : to have a good taste, recte sapere : with good taste, scite (e. g., to dress one’s self, coli ; to prepare a banquet, convivium exornare) : commode (e. g., saltare) : scienter (scientifically ; e. g. tibiis cantare) : manu eleganti (with tasteful hand ; e. g., effingere scenam) : to my taste, quantum ego sapio ; pro mea sapientia (vid. Terentius, Adelph., 3, 3, 73) ; quantum equidem judicare possum, (b) || Manner of thinking or acting arising from taste of a particular kind, ingenium : mos (the former, of character of mind ; the latter, of practice) : a taste for Gothic, * ingenium Gothicum. Of artistic taste, stylus (style) : manus (hand ; the execution of a particular artist).
TASTE, v., || Transitively, gustatu (Cf., gustu is late) explorare (to try by the taste, properly : Cf., gustu libare is poetical) : gustare (to enjoy a little of anything ; then figuratively = to become slightly acquainted with). To taste anything, degustare aliquid ; gustare de re (to take a slight taste of anything ; then also, figuratively = to become acquainted with the pleasures of anything ; e. g., degustare vitam ; degustare honorem) : to taste beforehand, prægustare (properly) : to taste the charm of life, gustare suavitatem vitæ : to enable the people merely to taste of liberty, tantummodo potestatem gustandi libertatem populo facere : to taste adversity, calamitate affici. || Intransitively, sapere : aliquo sapore esse : to taste of anything, sapere or resipere aliquid (properly) ; redolere aliquid (figuratively) : to taste bitter, amaro esse sapore : to taste well, jucunde sapere ; suavi esse sapore. TASTEFUL, elegans (one who possesses and uses correct discrimination ; of things, recherche) : non inficetus : venustus. Tasteful dress, cultus amœnus : tasteful in the choice of words, elegans verbis : a tasteful choice of words, elegans verborum delectus. TASTFULLY, scite : scienter, commode : manu eleganti : eleganter : venuste. [SYN. in TASTE]. TASTELESS, || Properly, nihil sapiens : It is somewhat tasteless, alicujus rei sapor nullus est : it is growing tasteless, alicujus rei sensus non permanet integer. † Figuratively, ineptus : inficetus : insulsus (vapid ; of persons and things) : inelegans (especially of style). A tasteless age, * ætas inficeta.
TASTELESSLY, inepte : inficete : insulse : ineleganter. TASTELESSNESS, || Properly, * sapor alicujus rei nullus. || Figuratively, insulsitas (with respect to outward arrangement of beauty ; e. g., villæ) : inscitia (want of knowledge and judgement) : Cf., Inelegantia is found only in Gaii Institutionum. 1, § 84, Goesch. Tastelessness, in dress, cultus parum amœnus. TATTER, Vid. RAG. TATTLE, balbutire (to speak inarticulately, like a child) : garrire (to prate in a familiar or frivolous manner, from fondness of speaking) : blaterare (to talk much about nothing, with reference to the foolishness of what is said) : hariolari (to talk senseless stuff, like an insane soothsayer) : alucinari (to speak without any thought or consideration) : nugari (to bring forth stupid, trifling matter. These three mostly transitive with accusative) : fabulari : confabulari : fabulari inter se : sermones cædere (λόγους κόπτειν ; of persons chattering together in a good-natured, confidential way) : effutire (aliquid, or absolutely, Cicero). TATTLER, garrulus : loquax (the garrulus is tiresome from the quality, the loquax from the quantity of what he says) : qui silere tacenda nequit. TATTLING, garritus (late) : garrulitas : loquacitas : confabulatio (good-natured, chattering conversation of one or more ; late).
TATTOO, s., * sonus tympani vespertinus (Bau., receptus, signal for retreat, in the Roman sense). To beat the tattoo, * revocare milites signo vespertino (Bau. receptui canere, in the Roman sense).
TATTOO, v., corpus notis compungere (Cicero, Off., 2, 7, 25) : notis persignare : notis inscribere (vid. Plinius, 18, 3, 4). to tattoo one’s self, corpus notis compungere or inscribere ; corpus omne notis persignare : tattooed, notis compunctus ; virgatus (Valerius, Fl., 2, 159).
TAUNT, s., convicium : contumelia. TAUNT, v., contumeliam jacere in aliquem : verborum contumeliis lacerare aliquem : contumelia aliquem insequi : objurgare : cavillari : exprobrare alicui aliquid. TAUNTING, contumeliosus (insulting) : amarus (bitter) : acerbus (sour) : asper (rough) : mordax (biting) : invidiosus (calculated to raise a prejudice against the person attacked) : aculeatus (stinging) : probrosus. [SYN. in CONTUMELIOUS, CHIDE. ] Taunting words, verborum aculei. TAUNTINGLY, contumeliose, etc. Vid. the adjective. TAUTOLOGICAL, idem verbum aut eundem sermonem iterans. TAUTOLOGY, ejusdem verbi aut sermonis iteratio : repetitio : iteratio (verborum, rerum, nominum, Quintilianus) : crebra repetitio (Cicero) : tautologia (Marcellinus, Cap). To avoid tautology, vitare, fugere, repetitionem ejusdem verbi (after Cicero).
TAVERN, Vid. INN. TAWDRY, speciosus : Tawdry dress, cultus speciosior, quam pretiosior. || Improperly, oblitus (of style ; e. g., exornationes oblitam reddunt orationem).
TAWNY, * nigricans e gilvo (of a yellowish, dark color) : fuscus : adustus (brownish, sunburned).
TAX, s., vectigal (general term, especially on land. Particular parts of this were decumæ, the tenth of corn ; scriptura, the tenth of pasturage ; portorium, harbor dues, customs, for which, also, the general term vectigal is used) : tributum (poll tax, property tax) : stipendium (like tributum, a kind of contribution imposed on conquered people, after a rate of properly) : vicesima(a twentieth, five per cent. ; hereditatum, manumissionum) : quadragesima (a fortieth) : onera (burdens borne by citizens). A door-tax, ostiarium : to lay or impose a tax on, vectigal, tributum imponere (alicui or alicui rei) ; tributum indicere alicui (on persons ; Cf., not rei) : to pay taxes, be tributary, vectigalia pensitare : to pay the taxes, tributa vectigalia pendere : to collect taxes, vectigalia, etc., exigere : a collector of taxes, tax-gatherer, vectigalium exactor : to be a tax-gatherer, vectigalia exercere : to remit taxes for five years, tributum in quinquennium remittere alicui : to petition for a reduction of taxes, magnitudinem onerum deprecari apud aliquem : to exempt from taxes, a tributis vindicare or tributis liberare aliquem : free from taxes, immunis tributorum (opposed to vectigalis).
TAX, v., vectigal, tributum imponere alicui or rei : tributum indicere alicui (Cf., not rei) [vid., also, ASSESS]. || Improperly, Nature seems to have taxed her creative powers to the uttermost, natura (in hoc) quid efficere posset, videtur experta. TAX-GATHERER, exactor vectigalium. TAXATION,
taxatio (Plinius). Circumlocution by the verb. TEA, || The plant, * thea (Linnæus). Black tea, * thea Bohea (Linnæus) : green tea, * thea viridis (Linnæus). || Infusion or decoction of the leaves of the plant, * potio e thea cocta : * calda Sinensis, or * tbea only. To invite anybody to (drink) tea, * invitare aliquem ad theæ potum una sorbendum, bibendum : to drink a cup of tea, * pocillum theæ haurire. TEA-CADDY, * pyxis theæ. TEA-CHEST, * cista theæ. TEA-CUP, * pocillum ansatum in scutella positum, or, from context, * pocillum ansatum only. TEA-KETTLE, * ahenum theæ. TEA-POT, * hirnea (Cf., not cantharus) theæ. TEA-SPOON, cochlear, cochlearium (Plinius) : ligula (more shallow, Columella).
TEA-TRAY, * abacus disponendis scutellis caldæ Sinensis. TEACH, docere (general term) : præcipere : præcepta dare de re (to give precepts, rules) : tradere (to deliver ; e. g., the history or rules of an art, etc. ) : profiteri (to profess or teach publicly) : ostendere : declarare (to show, prove). To teach anybody, aliquem instituere, erudire (to instruct him ; the latter especially of a beginner) ; aliquem condocefacere (to train or teach an animal) : to teach a person anything, docere aliquem aliquid (Cf., different from edocere aliquem aliquid or de re = to give accurate information on a definite subject) ; instituere, erudire aliquem aliqua re, in aliqua re ; tradere alicui aliquid (vid. above) ; imbuere aliquem aliqua re (to imbue with imperceptibly, but completely ; also = to give a smattering of). || Proverbially. To teach one’s grandmother to suck eggs ; vid. EGG. TEACHABLE, docilis : qui cito aliquid discit. to be teachable, docilem se præbere ad aliquid. TEACHER, doctor (one acquainted with an art or science who instructs others in it, and imparts to them elementary knowledge of it ; the art or science which he teaches is expressed by a genitive or an adjective ; e. g., a teacher of eloquence, doctor dicendi, doctor rhetoricus) : magister (master of an art or science, as presiding with authority over learners) : præceptor (one who gives instruction or rules for the practice of a science or art ; cf. Cicero, de Invent. 1, 25, in ; De Or., 3, 15) : pædagogus (παιδαγωγός, a slave who had the oversight of children, and gave them some elementary knowledge ; vid. Quintilianus, 1, 1, 7, sqq. ) : literatus : literator (learned in languages, who lectured on the poets) : professor (a public teacher ; e. g., sapientiæ ; professor grammaticus) : ludi magister (a schoolmaster). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) magister atque doctor : præceptor et magister : dux et magister. “Teacher” may also be expressed by circumlocution ; e. g., qui doctoris partes agit ; qui magistri personam sustinet ; qui docere se profitetur : teacher of an art, qui profitetur aliquem artem, etc. (Cf., but qui profitetur without an object, as in Plinius, Ep., 2, 18, 3, is not classical) : a good teacher, magister ad docendum aptus : to be a teacher of a science, aliquid docere (general term) : aliquid profiteri (to be a public teacher) : to be the teacher of anybody, alicujus doctorem esse (general term) : * alicujus studia regere (to direct the studies of anybody ; e. g., docere aliquem fidibus canere, or simply fidibus ; docere aliquem equo armisque ; docere aliquem Latine loqui, or simply Latine) : to have anybody as a teacher, habere aliquem doctorem, magistrum, præceptorem ; uti aliquo doctore, magistro : in anything, aliquo magistro in aliqua re uti ; aliquo auctore in aliqua re versari : to look for a teacher for one’s children, præceptorem suis liberis quærere : to put one’s self under anybody as a teacher, se dare alicui ad docendum. TEACHING, || Instruction, institutio : eruditio : disciplina. || Doctrine, system of instruction, doctrina : præcepta, -orum, neuter : præceptio. Vid. also, INSTRUCTION, DOCTRINE. TEAL, perhaps querquedula (Varro) : * anas crecca (Linnæus).
TEAM, jugum. A team of horses, equi jugales. TEAR, s., lacrima. Tears, lacrimæ, plural, fletus, -ûs. With tears (in the eyes), lacrimans ; oculis lacrimantibus ; illacrimans ; flens : a flood of tears, magna vis lacrimarum : with a flood of tears, cum or non sine multis lacrimis ; magno (cum) fletu : to shed tears, lacrimas effundere or profundere ; lacrimare ; flere (Cf., lacrimari means “to be moved to tears”) : I shed tears of joy, gaudio lacrimo or lacrimas effundo ; gaudio lacrimæ mihi cadunt or manant : to refrain from tears, cohibere lacrimas ; fletum reprimere, lacrimas sistere (to suppress tears) : not to be able to refrain from tears, lacrimas tenere non posse : tears come, lacrimæ oboriuntur ; flow, manant ; burst forth, prorumpunt or erumpunt ; fletus erumpit : to yield or give way to tears, tradere se lacrimis ; lacrimis indulgere (Ovidius, Met., 9, 142) : to shed a flood of tears, vim lacrimarum profundere : to bedew or moisten with tears, aliquid lacrimis opplere (Cf., lacrimis lavare aliquid is found only in the comedians) : to draw forth or excite tears, lacrimas concitare or excitare : to move anybody to tears, lacrimas or fletum alicui movere : to wipe away tears, abstergere alicui fletum (vid. Cicero, Phil., 13, 14, 34) : a tear soon dries, lacrima cito arescit ; nihil facilius quam lacrima inarescit or lacrimæ inarescunt. TEAR, v., || Transitively, in partes discindere (into pieces) : discerpere (to pluck to pieces) : concerpere : scindere : conscindere : lacerare (to lacerate). To tear one’s hair, abscindere comas ; vellere comam : to tear anybody away from anybody’s arms, aliquem a or ex complexu (not complexibus) alicujus abripere : to tear one’s self away from anybody’s embraces, ex complexu alicujus se eripere : to be torn by wild beasts, a feris laniari or dilaniari : to tear off or away (a part from a whole), abscindere (Cf., not abscidere = to cut off) : to tear one’s self away, se proripere (ex loco) : avolare : abripere se : to tear open, divellere (to separate hastily) ; scindere ; discindere (to separate with violence) ; a garment, vestem discindere : to tear open a wound, vulnus suis manibus divellere (properly, Hirtius, B. Afr., 88) : to tear up, concerpere : conscindere : to tear up a letter, epistolam scindere, conscindere, or concerpere. || Intransitively, rumpi : dirumpi. TEARFUL, lacrimans : lacrimosus. TEASE, negotium facessere ; negotium or molestiam exhibere alicui. To tease anybody with anything, obtundere aliquem aliqua re (e. g., literis, rogitando) : obstrepere alicui (e. g., literis) ; with entreaties, precibus fatigare aliquem : molestiam alicui afferre. molestia aliquem afficere : alicui aliqua re molestum or gravem esse.
Sometimes agitare, exagitare, vexare, commovere, sollicitare, etc. TEASEL, * dipsacus fullonum (Linnæus).
TEAT, papilla. TECHINESS, morositas : difficultas (Cicero, rare) : natura difficilis : asperitas. TECHNICAL, A technical term, vocabulum artis : vocabulum artificibus usitatum : technical terms, verba artis propria (Quintilianus, 8, 2, 13) ; vocabula quæ in quaque arte versantur, vocabula artificum propria ; vocabula artis ; verba or vocabula quibus philosophi or artifices (as the case may be) utuntur quasi privatis ac suis ; vocabula ex artis propria necessitate concepta : to use a technical term, * ut in arte dicimus ; * ut more artificum loquar : to employ technical terms in teaching, verbis in docendo quasi privatis uti ac suis.
TECHY, morosus : difficilis : natura difficilis. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) difficilis et morosus. TEDIOUS, molestus : tædii plenus : tædium creans (e. g., oratio, narratio molesta, tædii plena, quæ facit ut temporis moram sentiamus). A tedious speaker, odiosus in dicendo : a tedious war, bellum diuturnum ac lentum : a tedious affair, res lenta (Livius) ; negotium lentum (Cicero).
TEDIOUSLY, moleste : lente. TEDIOUSNESS, molestia : gravis tarditas : temporis molestia. TEEM, || Properly, vid. PREGNANT. || Figuratively, vid., ABOUND. TEETH, v., dentire. κυρικιμασαηικοTEETHING, dentitio. To assist the teething, facilem præstare dentitionem infantibus. TEGUMENT, tegmen (tegimen, tegumen) : tegumentum : involucrum : integumentum : velamen : velamentum. TELEGRAPH, s., * telegraphum, quod dicitur (technical term). “To communicate by telegraph” may be nearly expressed by per homines certis locis dispositos in singula diei tempora quæ aguntur cognoscere, et quid fieri volumus imperare (vid. Cæsar, B. G., 7, 16).
TELESCOPE, * telescopium. To look through a telescope, * oculis armatis spectare aliquid or prospicere in longinquum. It appears that certain telescopic tubes, without glasses, were in use among the ancients. TELL, || To utter, speak, say, dicere : rem verbis exsequi or enuntiare, Vid. SPEAK, SAY. || To narrate, relate, narrare : commemorare : aliquem de re certiorem facere : I tell you this in perfect confidence, hæc tibi soli dicta puta ; hæc tu tecum habeto ; hoc tibi in aurem dixerim ; arcano tibi ego hoc dixi ; hoc lapidi dixerim (Cf., not sub rosa hoc tibi dixerim, which is not Latin). Vid. INFORM, NARRATE, RELATE. ||To count, numerare : numerum inire : dinumerare. Vid. COUNT. TELL-TALE, delator (Suetonius, Cal., 15). To listen to tell-tales, delatoribus aures patefacere (after Cicero, Off., 1, 26 91 ; opposed to delatoribus aures non habere, Suetonius, Cal., 15).
TEMERITY, Vid. RASHNESS. TEMPER, s., || Due mixture, mixtio (Vitruvius) : mixtura (Plinius) : concretio : temperatio (Cicero). || Disposition of mind, animi affectus (in the best
prose writers) : natura : indoles : animus. To be in a good temper, lætum esse ; alacrem esse animo : to be in a bad temper, stomachari ; tristem, morosum esse. || Coolness, evenness of mind, animus æquus. With temper, æquo animo ; placide ; sedate ; placate ; tranquillo animo. TEMPER, v., || To mix, mingle, temperare aliquid aliqua re : miscere, permiscere aliquid alicui rei or aliqua re. || To form (mould) to a proper degree of hardness, durare : indurare (e. g., ferrum, Plinius) : temperare (ferrum, Plinius). || To moderate, mollify, mollire : emollire : mitigare : lenire : temperare (e. g., calores solis, victoriam, Cicero).
TEMPERAMENT, || Of body, (corporis) affectio, constitutio (Cicero) : habitudo (Tacitus). Vid. HABIT. || Of mind, indoles, vis : affectio : natura : animus, ingenium. To be of a warm and sanguine temperament, natura esse acrem et vehementem, or vehementem et ferocem ; ingenio esse violento : to be of a mild or gentle temperament, animo esse miti. TEMPERANCE, temperantia (general and habitual self-government) : moderatio (the avoiding of excess, as an action) : continentia (opposed to libido ; command over all sensual desires) : modestia (is an habitual preference of the modus, or true mean ; the last three words are qualities) : abstinentia (abstaining from desire for what is another’s). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) temperantia et moderatio ; moderatio et continentia ; continentia et temperantia. Cicero, Off., 3, 26, has moderatio continentiæ et temperantiæ.
TEMPERATE, temperans : temperatus : continens : modestus : moderatus (rare). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) moderatus ac temperans : temperatus moderatusque. Of temperate habits (in eating and drinking), sobrius (not given to drinking) ; parvo et tenui victu contentus ; parcus in victu : a temperate life, vita moderata, modica, or temperata (Cf., abstemius, temperate, especially as to drinking wine ; used only in Horace for abstinens). A temperate climate, cœli temperies ; temperate zone, orbis medius (Plinius).
SYN. in TEMPERANCE. TEMPERATELY, temperanter : modeste : moderate : continenter. TEMPERATURE, temperatio : temperies : affectio (cœli).
TEMPEST, Vid. STORM. TEMPESTUOUS, Vid. STORMY. TEMPLE, || A sacred building or place, ædes sacra (as the habitation of a deity ; sacra must not be omitted unless the name of the deity is added, or when the context otherwise fixes the sense) : templum (a place dedicated to a deity, with all its precincts) : fanum (a place set apart for a temple ; thence, also, a temple itself) : delubrum (as a place of purification and expiation). A small temple, ædicula sacra ; sacellum : to dedicate a temple, deo ædem (ædiculam) or templum dedicare : to rob a temple, sacrilegium facere, admittere, or committere. || Temples (of the head), tempora, plural (rarely in the singular, Celsus). TEMPORAL, || Relating to time, temporalis (post-Augustan). || Of this world, externus (relating to outward things) : humanus (relating to men and human affairs). Cf., Terrenus and terrester only in ecclesiastical writers. Temporal affairs, res externæ : temporal possessions, bona hujus vitæ ; bona fluxa, caduca. || Secular (not ecclesiastical), profanus (opposed to sacer). || Belonging to the temples, circumlocution by tempus or tempora : temporalis (e. g., vena, Vegetius).
TEMPORARY, in tempus structus (built for a present purpose, but to be afterward taken down) : subitarius (hastily put together) : brevis et ad tempus (lasting but for a time) : caducus (quickly perishing) : non diuturnus (not lasting). A temporary theatre, subitarii gradus et scena in tempus structa (Tacitus, Ann., 14, 20) ; temporarium theatrum (Plinius : Cf., temporarius is post-classical, except in Nepos, Att., temporaria liberalitas) : to run up temporary buildings, subitaria ædificia exstruere (Tacitus, Ann., 15, 39).
TEMPORIZE, || To delay, vid. || To comply with the times and occasions, tempori servire : inservire temporibus (Nepos, Alc., 1, 3) : temporis causa facere aliquid (Nepos, Att., 9, 5 ; to accommodate one’s self or submit to the times, to suit one’s self to circumstances) : duabus sellis sedere (to play a double part).
TEMPORIZER, homo bilinguis (a double-tongued man) : temporum multorum homo (a time-server, Curtius 5, 3, 4) : prævaricator (guilty of shuffling conduct) : You are a temporizer, duabus sellis sedere soles (Laber. ap. Seneca, Controv., 3, 18, extr. ). Vid. TIME-SERVER. TEMPT, || To attempt, vid. || To solicit to ill, entice, tentare, sollicitare aliquem or alicujus animum : pellicere aliquem. To tempt the enemy across the river, by pretending to retreat, hostes cedendo sensim citra flumen pertrahere (Livius, 21, 54).
TEMPTATION (Cf., not tentatio), sollicitatio ; usually by the verb. To yield to temptation, alicui ad scelus sollicitanti cedere ; succumbere culpæ. TEMPTER, qui aliquem tentat, sollicitat, etc. : tentator (rare).
TEN, decem, with substantives used only in plural, deni, -æ, -a : (distributive) deni. Consisting of ten, containing ten, denarius : ten o’clock, hora decima : a ten, (decas, -adis, Tertullianus) numerus denarius (Vitruvius) : the figure ten, numeri denarii figura : ten times, decies : ten times as much, decuplum, or rather decies tanto plus (Livius) ; decies tanto amplius : ten years old, decennis (Plinius, Quintilianus), or rather, decem annos natus (Cicero) ; decem annorum (Cicero, Nepos).
TENACIOUS, tenax (properly and figuratively). Vid. also, FIRM. TENACIOUSLY, tenaciter (properly and figuratively). Vid. also FIRMLY. TENACIOUSNESS, TENACITY, tenacitas (properly and figuratively). Vid. also, FIRMNESS. TENANCY, by circumlocution with conductus or locatus (e. g., contract, law of tenancy, pactum, formula, lex conducti, locati).
TENANT, s., conductor (one who rents) : incola (an inhabitant).
TENANT, v., Vid. INHABIT. TENANTABLE, habitabilis (habitable, Cicero) : Not tenantable, inhabitabilis (uninhabitable, Cicero) : to keep a house in tenantable repair, sarta tecta ædium tueri. TENANTRY, clientes, plural (in the Roman sense).
TENCH, tinca (Auson. ) ; * Cyprinus tinca (Linnæus).
TEND, Transitively, curare : procurare (to attend to, take care of) : colere aliquid : deservire alicui rei (to take proper care of) : dare operam alicui rei (to bestow pains or attention upon). To tend one’s office, colere, obire munus. || Intransitively, Properly, tendere iter or cursum : tendere : pergere. || Figuratively, tendere : spectare. TENDENCY, inclinatio (properly and figuratively) ; proclivitas : propensio : animi inductio (of the mind and will). A strong tendency, studium : appetitus (of the mind or will) : to have a strong tendency to anything, proclivum, propensum esse ad aliquid ; studio teneri alicujus rei ; appetere aliquid. TENDER, s., || Offer, vid. || A small vessel waiting on a larger, navicula ; navigium. TENDER, adjective, tener (tender, sensitive ; diminutive, tenellus) : mollis (soft, gentle) : blandus (showing visible signs of affection) : amoris plenus (full of love) : amans (mostly with genitive of a person tenderly beloved ; e. g., uxoris) : pius (full of dutiful affection to parents, children, etc. ) : indulgens (overlooking faults). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) amans indulgensque : delicatus (of too fine feelings, tastes, etc. ) : effeminatus (effeminate) : Cf., affectuosus in very late writers ; Macrobius, Cassiodorus, Terentius. Tender upbraidings, molles querelæ : to write a tender letter to anybody, literas amoris plenas dare ad aliquem : very tender words, verba blandissima, amantissima. TENDERLY, blande : amanter : pie [STN, in TENDER]. To look tenderly at anybody ; perhaps molli vultu aliquem aspicere (Ovidius, Met., 10, 609) : to behave tenderly toward, alicui multa blandimenta dare. || Softly, tenere or tenerius (post-Augustan) : molliter : delicate. To bring up children too tenderly, molliter educare liberos. TENDERNESS, || Affectionate feeling, pietas (as exhibited toward parents, etc. ) : indulgentia (as shown in overlooking faults, etc. ) : amor blandus : amor : blandimenta (blandishments ; winning, petting ways). || Softness, mollities : teneritas. TENDON, nervus (Celsus).
TENDRIL, brachium (Columella) ; (of a vine), pampinus : clavicula (Cicero). To put forth tendrils, in pampinos, in surculos crescere : to clasp with tendrils, * brachiis, claviculis amplecti aliquid, inhærescere alicui rei : to cut off the tendrils of vines, vites pampinare : pampinos viti detergere. TENEMENT, domicilium : habitatio sedes. SYN. in ABODE. TENET, placitum : dogma (opinion or doctrine of a philosopher) : præceptum (Cicero). The tenets of the Stoics, ratio Stoicorum. Vid. OPINION. TENFOLD, adjective, decemplex. TENFOLD, adverb, decies. To bear tenfold, efferre cum decimo (Cicero) ; cum decimo (Varro).
TENNIS, Tennis-ball, * pila pennata. To play at tennis, * pila pennata ludere. TENON, cardo (Vitruvius ; tignum cardinatum) : dove-tailed tenons, cardines securiculati.
TENOR, sententia : (tenor, Pand. ). Vid. DRIFT, MEANING. TENSE (in Grammar), tempus, -oris (grammatical)
TENSION, tensio (Hygin., Vitruvius, post-classical, rare) : tensura (post-classical, Hygin., Vegetius). Mostly by circumlocution with extendere (e. g., funem) : intendere (e. g., chordas, arcum) : contendere (arcum,
etc. ) : intendere aliquid aliqua re (e. g., sellam loris).
TENT, tentorium (of cloth or skins, a military, movable tent ; Seneca, Hirtius) : tabernaculum (Cicero ; the word which Cæsar uses for a soldier’s tent ; it denotes, properly, a slight hut or habitation, made of boards, skins, etc., but more durable and serviceable than tentorium ; we often find pelles, plural, for “tents”). The general’s tent, prætorium : to pitch a tent, tabernaculum statuere, constituere (Cæsar) ; collocare, ponere (Cicero ; also absolutely) ; tendere (Tacitus, Curtius) : to strike tents, tabernacula detendere (Cæsar, Livius) : a tent bed, lectus in tentorio collocandus : lectus castrensis : a little tent, tentoriolum (Hirtius) : a tent-nail, paxillus tentorii. || A roll of lint put into a sore, turunda (Cato) ; penicillum (Cato, Plinius).
TENTATIVE, quod tentat, etc. By a tentative process, by tentative methods, experiendo. Vid. TRY, ATTEMPT. TENTER-HOOK, hamus : uncus (larger).
TENTH, decimus. A tenth, decuma ; decuma or decima pars. TENTHLY, decimo. TENUITY, Vid. THINNESS. TENURE, circumlocution by possidere : tenere : habere aliquid, or possessio : esse in possessione rei : possessionem rex habere (Cicero) ; possessionem alicujus rei tenere (Nepos).
TEPID, tepidus. Vid. LUKEWARM. TEREBINTH, terebinthus (Plinius) : * pistacia terebinthus (Linnæus).
TERGIVERSATE, tergiversari. TERGIVERSATION, tergiversatio. TERM, s., || Space of time, spatium (general term) : temporis intervallum (interval) : dies certa : dies præstituta : tempus finitum, definitum (a fixed, appointed term). To fix or appoint a term, diem statuere, constituere, præfinire ; tolerably long, diem statuere satis laxam (e. g., before the expiration of tech payment must be made ; quam ante, etc. ; vid. Cicero, Att., 6, 1, 16) : to request a term of a few days, petere paucorum dierum interjectum (of a defendant ; Tacitus, Ann., 3, 67, 2) : to grant a term of some days to a debtor, alicui paucos ad solvendum dies prorogare : to request from anybody a short term, ab aliquo parvam exigui temporis usuram alicujus rei postulare (vid. Cicero, Agr., 3, 1, 2) : the term expires, exit dies (e. g., induciarum, Livius, 4, 30 : cf. 22, 33). || At the universities, in the courts of law, * terminus (technical term). || A w o r d, verbum : vocabulum : nomen. || Condition, vid. || Relation, ratio ; plural, terms of friendship, etc. : by circumlocution ; e. g., res mihi cum aliquo est ; mihi cum hominibus his et gratia et necessitudo est (I am on good terms with, Cœlius ad Cicero) : si mihi tecum minus esset, quam est cum omnibus (Cicero ; if I were on less friendly terms with).
TERM, v., Vid. CALL, NAME. TERMAGANT, mulier rixosa or jurgiosa. TERMINAL, || At certain periods, certis diebus ; certis pensionibus (of payments). || Of or in a term at the universities, etc., * terminalis (technical term).
TERMINATE, || Transitively, terminare aliquid (to put a limit to anything with regard to place) : concludere (e. g., a letter) : finire (to end) : finem facere alicujus or alicui rei : finem alicui rei imponere, constituere (to put an end to). To terminate his speech, finem dicendi facere : perorare : ad finem or ad exitum adducere aliquid (to bring anything to a conclusion = to accomplish it) : conficere : transigere aliquid (to settle) : componere aliquid (to terminate amicably) : finem or modum imponere alicui rei ; finem statuere or constituere alicui rei (to put an end to anything, with regard to duration) : to terminate a war, pacem facere (not concludere) : to terminate a business, expedire negotium (to settle it) : profligare negotium (by a violent exertion) : to terminate a dispute, etc., controversiam componere or dirimere (dirimere, also of terminating anything by sudden intervention ; nox prœlium diremit). [Vid. END. ] || Intransitively, finem habere or capere : desinere (to cease) : finem or exitum habere (of time or an event) : terminari (of space) : cadere or excidere in (to end in such a letter or syllable ; of words) : to terminate in a long syllable, longa syllaba terminari ; cadere or excidere in longam syllabam : the matter is not yet terminated, res nondum finem invenit : to terminate badly, fœde finire. Vid., also, END, CEASE. TERMINATION, conclusio (the closing or finishing point ; Cicero, Qu., Fr., 1, 1, 16, in extrema parte et conclusione muneris ac negotii tui) : finis : exitus (end, ultimate result) : extrema pars (last part of a matter). To bring a thing to a termination, aliquid ad finem or ad exitum adducere : to come to a termination, ad finem venire. Termination of a word, terminatio or exitus : to have an a or e for its termination, exitum habere in a aut in e : to have for its termination, cadere or excidere in, etc. (of words) : to have the same termination, similes casus habere in exitu : similiter cadere. vid. END. TERMINOLOGY, artis alicujus vocabula, etc. [Vid. TECHNICAL. ] The only difference between Zeno and the Peripatetics lies in their terminology, inter Zenonem et Peripateticos nihil præter verborum novitatem interest. TERNARY, circumlocution by terni (ternarius, Columella, consisting of three).
TERRACE, solarium (Plautus ; general term for any projection, etc., attached to a house, for the purpose of receiving the sun ; balcony, etc., Plautus, Suet., Aug., ap. Macrobius) : pulvinus (Varro ; in a garden).
TERRAQUEOUS, * qui ex terra et aqua constat. TERRENE, TERRESTRIAL, terrenus : terra natus, fictus (consisting of earth) : terrenus : terrester (relating to the earth, living on the earth) ; often, also, humanus (opposed to cœlestis, divinus). Terrestrial affairs, res humanæ (Cf., not res terrenæ) ; humana, plural ; interiora, plural : terrestrial goods, bona hujus vitæ : bona fluxa, caduca. TERRIBLE, || Properly, terribilis (causing fright ; terrificus is poetical only) : horribilis : horrendus (causing horror) : atrox (fearful, frightful ; e. g., death, bloodshed) : immanis (monstrous, quite unnatural, cruel ; e. g., animal, deed, character) : fœdus (causing indignation, abominable ; e. g., projects, war, fire, or conflagration) : dirus (dire) : trux (causing a shudder ; e. g., of looks) : incredibilis (that cannot be conceived ; e. g., stupidity, stupiditas). To be the bearer of some terrible news, miros terrores afferre ad aliquem. TERRIBLY, || Properly, terribilem or horrendum in modum. || Figuratively, fœde : fœdum in modum : atrociter. TERRIER, || A kind of dog, * canis terrarius (Linnæus).
TERRIFIC, Vid. TERRIBLE. TERRIFY, perterrere : perterrefacere aliquem : pavore percellere alicujus pectus. Vid. also, To FRIGHTEN. TERRITORY, territorium (land belonging to a town ; if = country, district, region, etc., ager, terra, regio, fines ; Cf., avoid ditio as not classical in this sense). The territory of the Helvetii, ager Helvetius : the Trojan territory, ager Troas : to enter the territory of anybody, intra fines alicujus ingredi : to add a district to the territory of anybody, alicujus finibus regionem adjicere (also figuratively ; e. g., ars dicendi non habet definitam regionem) ; locus (figuratively ; e. g., locus philosophiæ proprius).
TERROR, metus : terror. Vid. FEAR. TERSE, tersus (Quintilianus ; e. g., auctor tersior est Horatius) ; pressus : brevis : sententiis densus : creber. SYN. in CONCISE. TERSELY, breviter : paucis (sc. verbis) : breviter strictimque : præcise : presse or pressius. SYN. in CONCISELY. TERSENESS, brevitas (dicendi) : breviloquentia : * astricta brevitas. TERTIAN, tertianus (Cicero). A tertian fever, tertiana (sc. febris, Celsus).
TESSELATE, tessellare : in tesseræ formam figere aliquid. A tesselated pavement, pavimentum tessellatum : pavimentum tessellis or vermiculatis crustis stratum. Vid. MOSAIC. TEST, s., || Properly, obrussa (Seneca). || Figuratively, tamquam obrussa (Cicero). Vid. also, PROOF. TEST, v., Vid. PROVE, TRY. TESTACEOUS, testaceus (Plinius ; e. g., operimentum, Plinius, 11, 37, 55).
TESTAMENT, || Will, vid. || A name given to each of the two divisions of the Bible, testamentum (vetus, novum, ecclesiastical).
TESTAMENTARY, testamentarius (technical term ; or, rather, by circumlocution with testamenti or testamento).
TESTATOR, testator (Suetonius, Ner., 17, and Jurisconsulti) ; or, by by circumlocution, is qui testamentum facit (Cicero, Verr., 2, 18, 46).
TESTATRIX, testatrix (Ulpianus) ; ea quæ testamentum facit. TESTIFY, testari (general term) : attestari : testificari : testimonio confirmare (to establish by a witness) : testimonio esse : testem esse (to serve as a witness ; the former of a thing, the latter of a person) : testificari : affirmare (to affirm, assure).
TESTILY, stomachose : aspere : acerbe. TESTIMONIAL, testimonium (a testimony, whether oral or written ; e. g., testimonia quæ recitari solent ; opposed to præsentes testes ; so legite testimonia, Cicero, Mil., 17, 46) : * scriptum testimonium : * literæ alicujus rei testes : literæ commendaticiæ (Cicero, a letter of recommendation). A testimonial, or letters testimonial, * literæ dimissionis testes (of servants or soldiers) : testimonials, * literæ missionem honestam significantes (general term).
TESTIMONY, testimonium (whether oral or written). To bear testimony, testimonium dicere : to bear important testimony in favor of anybody, grave testimonium impertire alicui (Cicero)
: to bear testimony for anybody on any point, alicui perhibere testimonium alicujus rei. Vid. WITNESS, EVIDENCE. TESTY, stomachosus : acerbus : difficilis. TETHER, numella (= “genus vinculi, quo quadrupedes deligantur, ” Festus. As an instrument of torture, both the head and feet were inserted in it [Nonius, 144, 25, sq. ] ; hence, this was probably the case when it was used as an instrument for confining cattle to their pasture, etc. ) ; perhaps pedica (general term for fetter), or funis. TETRARCH, tetrarches (Cicero).
TETRARCHY, tetrarchia (Cicero).
TETRASTIC, carmen tetrastichum (Quintilianus) : tetrastichum (sc. carmen, Martial. )
TETTER, lichen, or pure Latin mentagra (vid. Plinius, 26, 1, 2).
TEXT, || Words of a writer, oratio or verba scriptoris ; oratio contexta (the words of the author, as opposed to commentaries ; the last, Diom., 446, 24, P. ) : * exemplum (in the same sense, so far as the text is written or printed ; i. e., perhaps in such sentences as, ” the annotations which we have added after the Greek text, “annotationes quas post Græcum exemplum exhibemus). To correct the text of an author, * verba scriptoris a corruptelarum sordibus judicando emendare. || A portion of Scripture chosen as a subject of discourse, * argumentum : to preach on a text, * argumento proposito orationem sacram habere, * argumento proposito e sacro suggestu dicere : Cf., textum or textus, -ûs, are allowed as technical terms by most writers on the subiect ; even J. A. Wolf uses them, sometimes with and sometimes without ut ita dicam : qui (quod) dicitur or vocatur. TEXTILE, textilis (Cicero).
TEXTURE, textura (Plautus, Propert. ).
THAN, after comparatives, and verbs of comparison, (e. g., malo, præstat) quam ; if the object of comparison be expressed in the nominative, where we may ask the question, who? or whom? “than” may be expressed in Latin by the simple ablative ; e. g., virtue is better than gold, virtus est præstantior quam aurum or præstantior auro. After the comparatives amplius and plus (more), minus (less), minor (younger), major (older), with reference to number, quam is frequently omitted, and the number is in the case which would be required without quam ; e. g., there are more than six months, amplius sunt sex menses : he missed more than two hundred soldiers, plus ducentos milites desideravit : less than three hundred perished, minus trecenti perierunt : he is more than twenty years old, major viginti annorum est (cf. Grotef. § 219, obs. 3 ; Zumpt, § 485). Than that, quam ut or quam qui (quæ, quod, etc. ), followed by a subjunctive : the town was stronger than he could capture, urbs munitior fuit, quam ut quæ primo impetu capi potuisset (Cf., Grotef : § 263, 3 ; Zumpt, § 560) : “than in proportion to, ” after a comparative, is expressed by Livy and later writers simply by quam pro (which, however, does not occur in Cicero and Cæsar ; e. g., the battle was harder than in proportion to the number of combatants, prœlium atrocius erat quam pro pugnantium numero ; vid. Zumpt, § 484, extr. ). After “no other” (or interrogatively, “what other?”) ” than” may be expressed by nisi or quam, but with this distinction, thai nisi requires the exclusion of all other ideas ; quam is used only comparatively ; e. g., the history was no other than a compilation of annals, erat historia nihil aliud nisi annalium confectio (i. e., it was this, and this only ; Cicero, De Or., 2, 12, 52) : virtue is no other (or nothing else) than perfect nature carried to the highest degree of excellence, virtus nihil aliud est, quam in se perfecta et ad summum perducta natura (i. e., it is as much as, is equivalent to ; Cicero, Legg., 1, 8, 25 ; cf. Grotef., § 269, (a) obs. 3 ; Döleke, p. 289 and 291). κυρικιμασαηικο
THANE, dominus. THANK, gratias agere, persolvere (with words ; vid. THANKFUL for the construction) ; gratiam referre, reddere, tribuere : beneficio respondere : beneficium remunerari (by action) ; gratiam habere : gratum esse erga aliquem : beneficii memoriam conservare : memori mente gratiam persolvere. grata memoria beneficium (beneficia) prosequi (in the heart) : re ipsa atque animo esse gratum (in deed and in heart). To thank most earnestly, maximas, incredibiles, singulares gratias agere alicui : amplissimis op singularibus verbis gratias agere alicui : I thank you, benigne dicis (in accepting an offer) : to have to thank one for anything, alicui aliquid debere (anything good) ; alicui aliquid acceptum referre (goud or bad) : to thank (i. e., merely to thank, and so to refuse or decline), aliquid gratia rei accepta non accipere (to feel obliged by an offer, but not to accept it ; vid. Livius, 22, 37) : recusare (to refuse) : deponere (to decline) : deprecari (to excuse one’s self) : I thank you! benigne (dicis)! benigne ac liberaliter! recte (no! as an answer to a proposal or offer, Terentius, Eun., 2, 3, 51) : I thank you for your kind invitation, bene vocas ; jam gratia est (Plautus, Men., 2, 3, 36).
THANKFUL, By circumlocution ; e. g., to feel thankful to one for anything, gratiam (rarely gratias) habere alicui (χάριν ἔχειν or εἰδέναι τινί, when the thing for which one feels thankful is either not expressed, as Cicero, De Orat., 1, 24, extr., or it follows in a clause of its own with quod, as Cicero in Catil., 1, 5, 11 ; or in a clause subjoined by a relative agreeing with the person, which is put in the dative ; as, I feel most thankful to him for having, etc., ego illi maximam gratiam habeo, qui me ea pœna multaverit, Cicero, Tusc., 1, 42, 100). To be thankful from the bottom of the heart, gratiam habere, quantam maximam animus capere potest : to feel thankful to anybody for having done anything, is gratiam habere alicui, qui. . . fecerit, etc. ; but sometimes the indicative is used, to add more weight to the cause as a fact of actual occurrence : habeo senectuti magnam gratiam, quæ mihi sermonis aviditatem auxit = for she has increased, etc., (vid. Pr. Intr., App., 17). THANKFULNESS, gratus animus. Vid. GRATITUDE. THANKLESS, ingratus : immemor beneficii. THANKLESSNESS : Vid. INGRATITUDE. THANKS, gratia (in the plural, when it expresses great number or variety of thanks) : grates (solemn, religious thanksgiving ; Cf., not used in any other sense in good classic prose). To deserve or merit thanks, gratiam mereri : gratiam inire apud aliquem or ab aliquo : gratum facere alicui : to owe thanks to anyone, gratiam alicui debere : to give or return thanks to anyone, gratias agere or persolvere alicui (χάριν ὁμολογεῖν or χάριτας λέγειν, by word of mouth or writing, followed by quod or qui, Cf., not by pro re) : gratiam alicui referre, reddere ; for anything, pro re (χάριν ἀποδιδόναι, to show one’s self thankful by act and deed : Cf., rarely gratias referre ; in Cicero, Phil., 3, 15, 39, it is found among other plurals). Not to return thanks due, gratiam negligere : to reap thanks, gratiam capere : deserving of thanks, gratus (opposed to ingratus ; cf. Ruhnken, Ter., Eun., 3, 1, 6) : qui bene meruit (of persons). You will get no thanks for it, tibi ingratum erit : to require or demand thanks, gratiam exigere ab aliquo : to receive with thanks, in gratiam accipere. grate accipere or excipere : thanks be to God! est Deo gratia ! THANKSGIVING, grates, plural ; gratiarum actio (a returning of thanks) : grati animi significatio (as expressed) : * preces grati in Deum animi (of Christian thanksgiving). A public thanksgiving, supplicatio : gratulatio (with festivity ; Cf., not festum or dies festus gratiarum actionis) : to order a public thanksgiving, gratulationem decernere : superis decernere grates (Ovidius) : to celebrate a public thanksgiving, gratulationem facere (e. g., reipublicæ bene gestæ).
THANKWORTHY, propter quod gratia debetur, gratiæ debentur (properly) : laudabilis, laude dignus (praiseworthy).
THAT, conjunctive, (A) Serving to connect an idea with the chief proposition. This idea is either (I) The simple subject of the predicate connected with the copula in the chief proposition, or of the verb which occupies its place. Then (1) if this idea be general, and not compounded, the simple infinitive, or another noun, is used ; e. g., it is a chief duty that one assist him who is most in need of our help, (hoc) maxime officii est, ut quisque maxime opis indigeat, ita eum potissimum opitulari. Nothing is more pleasant than that one be loved by all, nihil suavius est, quam ab omnibus diligi or quam amor omnium. (2) If the idea be limited to a single person, the accusative and infinitive is used. To this belong especially the impersonal expressions, ” it is pleasant, delightful, sad, ” etc. ; ” it is probable, clear, evident, true, profitable, just, necessary, lawful” (licet, after which the person with the infinitive is used in the accusative, if the permission be taken as general, but in the dative, if it refer only to a single person) ; vid. Krebs, § 437. (Cf., Several of these modes of expression take, also, quod and ut after them in certain cases ; vid. below, Nos. IV and V). Examples : I am delighted that you are well, gratum est te valere : it grieves me that we have been almost too late in learning, dolet mihi, nos pæne sero scisse, etc. : it is true (proved) that friendship can exist only between the good, verum est (constat), amicitiam nisi inter bonos esse non posse : it is not permitted that a man often be what he wishes, non licet hominem esse sæpe ita ut vult. This idea may also be expressed by another noun with the pronoun possessive ; as, it is pleasant (delightful) that you are restored, grata est confirmata tua valetudo. (3) If it be a compound idea, either the infinitive with an adverb, or another noun with an adjective or participle, is used ; e. g., nothing is more to be desired than that one may live happily, nihil magis optandum quam beate vivere or quam vita beata : nothing was so prejudicial to the Lacedæmonians as that the constitution of Lycurgus was taken away, Lacedæmoniis nulla res tanto erat damno, quam disciplina Lycurgi sublata. Or the idea is (II) The simple object of the verb in the chief clause. Then we find either the noun in the accusative, with or without the pronoun possessive, or another noun in the genitive, or the accusative and infinitive. To this belong (a) All the verba sensuum et affectuum ; i. e., which express perception and feeling, knowing, recognizing, remembering, expecting, believing, etc. ; vid. Grotef., § 240 : Zumpt, § 602, sqq. Hence, also, after fac when = finge, i. e., imagine, picture to yourself ; e. g., imagine that you were in my place, fac, qui ego sum, esse te ; eum te esse finge, qui ego sum. Cf., After the verbs “to hope, swear, promise, vow, threaten, ” the accusative and future infinitive are used, and after “to hope, ” also, the present infinitive, if in the next proposition the subject be only of the present, and the perfect infinitive, if the subject be of the past ; vid. Krebs, § 442 : Grotef., § 220. Zumpt, § 605, 2. (b) The verba declarandi ; i. e., the verbs of “saying, narrating, showing, reminding, convincinu, teaching, proving, ” (efficere, etc. ) ; vid. Grotef. and Zumpt, locc. cilt. (c) Nearly allied with all these are the ideas “to settle, fix, will, forbid, impose, grant, ” (that a thing is so, etc. ), which (if the object of the verb is named, simply as such, but not as a wish or end in view, for in this case ut follows ; vid. below, V) take after them an accusative and infinitive ; vid. Zumpt, §614, sq. Cf., (a) The phrases “they say, it is said” (dicunt, tradunt, ferunt, produnt, perhibent), admit a change into the passive form, when the accusative becomes the nominative ; e. g., they say that Romulus was the first king of Rome, dicunt Romulum primum regem Romanorum fuisse, or Romulus primus rex Romanorum fuisse dicitur : they say that you were present, dicunt vos adfuisse, or vos dicebamini adfuisse ; vid. Grotef. § 173, 3 : Zumpt, § 607. (b) After non dubito, “I doubt not, ” Cicero always uses quin ; it is only in the sense of “I do not hesitate” that a simple infinitive follows ; vid. Grotef., § 238, b. 3 and 240, obs. ; Zumpt, § 540. Or, (III) The idea is a local or other definite addition to the chief clause, which may be resolved into a noun in the ablative with a preposition. Then the infinitive is changed into the gerund or the participle future passive e. g., the tribunes prevailed by this, that they threatened, etc., tribuni pervicere denunciando, etc. : men learn to do evil by this, that they do nothing, nihil agendo homines male agere discunt : justice consists in this, that we render to every one his own, justitia in suum cuique tribuendo cernitur. Or it is, (IV) Description or by circumlocution (1) of the subject, where “that” may be exchanged with “who, which, ” etc. It is then to be rendered by quod. To this belong especially the expressions, ” there is reason, there is no reason, ” est (habeo), non est, nihil est (after which, however, we may also employ cur in Latin, as “why” in English) ; vid. Krüger, § 615, note 6 (on the difference of the construction of quod with the subjunctive and indicative) ; Zumpt, §562 : also, the expressions, “it is pleasant, delightful to me, it pains me, ” etc. Examples : There is no reason that you should fear, that you should envy, nihil est quod (i. e., illud, quod) timeas, quod invideas illis : it pains me that you are angry, dolet mihi quod stomacharis. To this, also, we may refer the expression, “add to this, ” eo or ut accedit ; after which quod is used, if a new reason is brought forward, ut when a concomitant circumstance is added, to be for the first time brought under consideration ; vid. Krebs, 6 428, 2, and 434 ; Herzog, Cæs., B. G., 3, 13. (2) Of the object, where “that” in English may be exchanged with “since” or “because. ” Likewise by quod. This case can occur only after verbs which, being originally transitive, have become intransitive by use. To this belong especially verbs of the affections and their expression ; as, to be glad (gaudere), to be sad (dolere), to wonder (mirari), etc. ; after which quod (ὄτι) is used when a definite fact is mentioned, but si (εἰ) if the thing appears as a mere conjecture or representation. Again, the verbs “to thank, to congratulate, to praise, to accuse ;” in all which cases we can ask the question “for what? on what account?” vid. Grotef., § 234 A ; Zumpt, § 629 ; Krebs, § 427. (3) Of a definitive addition or complement where, in Eiglish, “that” may be exchanged with “so far as. ” Likewise by quod ; e. g., I have never seen you, that I know, non ego te, quod (quantum) sciam, umquam vidi : vid. Grotef., § 234 A, I ; Zumpt, § 559 ; Krebs, § 349, 10. (V) In all three cases ut is used, if the nature, aim, purpose, operation, or consequence, supposition, permission, exhortation, wish, or command, is to be marked as the subject, object, or definitive addition or complement of a chief proposition. For special uses of ut, vid. Grotef., § 235, sqq ; Zumpt, § 616, sqq ; Krebs, § 414, sqq. Cf., After the words dignus, indignus, idoneus, aptus, for ut, with is (hic), etc., the Latins use qui (quæ, quod, etc. ) ; e. g., pleasure does not deserve, that a wise man should consider it, voluptas non est digna ad quam sapiens respiciat : vid. Grotef., § 236, 4 ; Zumpt, §568 ; Krebs, § 344 (Cf., dignus with an infinitive, poetry and late prose ; vid. Frotscher, Quint., 10, 1, 96, p. 87 ; Krebs, § 344). In like manner, qui for ut, is, etc., is used after is sum, non is sum ; after talis, qualis, is (such an one), ejusmodi, etc. ; after tam, tantus (usually with negatives) ; after quis? and after comparatives with quam, if these words import the degree of a property which can or ought to exist ; e. g., who am I, that I should ? etc., quis sum, qui (cujus, cui, etc. ) ; e. g., quis sum, cujus aures lædi nefas sit? vid. Grotef., § 236, Obs. 3 and 4 ; Zumpt, § 556, sqq ; Krebs, § 343. But we find also ut is, etc., if an operation is to be signified, or else for the sake of perspicuity (especially if a qui, etc., be near) ; vid. Krebs, §344, fin. Concluding Remarks : (a) The construction with “that not” does not alter in the cases mentioned under Nos : I., II., III., IV., and V. Only after the verbs “to fear, to care, ” “that not” is ne non ; more rarely ut ; “that” is ne ; vid. Grotef., § 239, Obs., 5 ; Zumpt, § 533 ; Krebs, § 452 : again, after the verb ” to keep off, hinder, deter, ” “that not” is quominus ; vid. Grotef., §228, c ; Zumpt, § 543 ; Krebs, § 439. (b) After a negation we find quin for qui (quæ, quod) non, if no emphasis lie on the negation ; in like manner also, for qui non (why not?) ; vid. Zumpt, § 538. (c) Ne is used for ut non, if the whole proposition is negatived ; but ut non if the negative refer only to one word ; vid. Herzog, Cæs., B. G., 3, 17. (d) Our “that – not at all, ” “that – not by any means, ” is expressed in Latin by ut ne, where ne must, for the most part, be placed separately from ut immediately before the idea which it precludes ; e. g., that I should not by any means do this, ut hoc ne facerem. (e) “I say, maintain, affirm, that not (no, etc. ), ” is usually expressed by nego with an accusative and infinitive ; e. g., he maintains that there are no gods, deos esse negat. (B) Denoting time : quum : ex quo (from the time that) : until that, dum, donec, quoad : it is many years ago that I saw him, anni sunt plures, ex quo eum non vidi. (C) Denoting emotions or passions : (a) in wishes ; that ! oh that ! would that ! ut! utinam! o si! God grant that ! etc., faxit Deus, ut, etc. : oh that not! utinam ne!
Warning ; Any kind of reproduction of this page will be very severely accused by tokyomaths. com
(b) In exclamation and in indignant interrogative, the Latins usually adopt an (apparently) independent accusative and infinitive ; e. g., ah! me unhappy! that thou shouldst for my sake have fallen into such trouble! me miserum! te in tantas ærumnas propter me incidisse ! vid. Grotef., § 241, II. ; Zumpt, § 609.