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REPORT, s., || Rumor, fama (general term = tradition ; not = a single narrative or account, which is rumor hence fama, in this sense, is never to be used in the plural : vid. Krebs, s., v. ) : rumor : narratio : narratiuncula (a story) : sermo (the talk of people among each other respecting anything) : opinio (an opinion spread abroad so far as it shows itself ; vid. commentators onCæsar, B. G., 2, 35) :
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auditio (hearsay). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) rumor (or fama) et auditio : a false report, rumor falsus ; plural, auditiones falsæ : a widely circulated report, disseminatus dispersusque sermo : an uncertain report, rumor incertus or non firmus. There is a report, a report is current that, etc., rumor, fama, or sermo est ; sermo datur (Livius, 2, 2 ; Cf., not rumor or fama obtinet ; i. e., the report is generally received, it continues to be the general account, etc. ; vid. Livius, 21, 46, extr. ). There is a very general report about anything, de aliqua re rumor calet (Cœlius. ap. Cic., Ep., 8, 1, 5) : a report spreads, that, etc., rumor oritur, or exsistit, or exit, venit. A report spreads on all sides, rumor differtur ; fama differt (Suetonius, Cæs., 33, Bremi) : a report spreads over the town, fama tota urbe discurrit. The following report is in circulation, serpit hic rumor (Cicero, Muren., 21, extr. ). The report having been quickly spread abroad that Dion had been killed, celeri rumore dilato, Dioni vim allatam : a report reaches my ears, rumor (fama) affertur or perfertur ad me, respecting anything, de re : report says, that, etc., fama nunciat : to know anything only by report, fama et auditione accepisse aliquid : to hear an obscure report of anything, quasi per nebulam audire aliquid (vid. Plautus, Copt. 5, 4, 26 ; Pseud : 1, 5, 48) : to spread a report, rumoretn spargere ; (on all sides), rumorem dispergere or differre : to spread evil reports of anybody through the town, aliquem per totam urbem rumoribus differre : to stop a report, rumorem exstinguere. || A relation, narrative, general account, relatio : relatus (intelligence of anything ; post-Augustan) : narratio (a narrative, relation) : rei gestæ expositio ; conscriptio quæstionis (law report, in plural, Cicero, Cluent., 67, 191) : renunciatio (of an ambassador) : libellus : literæ (general term, a written report ; libellus in the form of a treatise, literæ in the form of a letter). To make a report, deferre, referre ad aliquem de re (both especially to a superior, but with this difference, that deferre is used of one who voluntarily gives a report, referre of one who does this by virtue of his office and duly) : to make or render a report, renunciare, to anybody, alicui (vid. Held., Cæs., B. G., 1, 10) : referre or renunciare legationem (of an ambassador) : to draw up a report (of a judicial investigation), perscribere (e. g., omnia judicum dicta, interrogata, responsa perscriberent, Cicero, Sull., 14, 41). To give an accurate report of an event to the Senate, ordinem rei gestæ ad senatum perferre : to make a full report of anything, omnem rem ordine enarrare : to make a circumstantial report, pluribus exponere : to give in a report, libellum tradere (to deliver in with one’s own hands) or mittere (to send in). A report came from the quastor, a quæstore literæ sunt allatæ. || A n exact or official account, return, nuncius, of anything, alicujus rei (properly oral intelligence by messengers, etc., as opposed to that by writing ; then also general term) : literæ (written intelligence) : by oral and written report, nunciis literisque : to receive a report, nuncium accipere ; nunciatur mihi aliquid ; nuncius mihi perfertur ; certiorem fieri, respecting anything, alicujus rei or de re ; accipere, audire, comperire : I have received a report respecting it, mihi allatum est de ea re : he received a report of all the procedings, quid ageretur resciit : to receive a circumstantial report (from anybody) concerning a matter, cuncta edoceri de re : report having been brought, nuncio allato, nunciato, comperto, audito, which may be followed by on accusative and infinitive (with the historians ; therefore not to be rejected from historical style ; vid. Held., Cæs., B, C, 1, 30 ; cf. Zumpt, § 647) : a report is brought, arrives, nuncius affertur : to bring a report to anybody, alicui nuncium afferre ; also, simply afferre : to have received a report, nuncium accepisse ; comperisse ; nuncius mihi perlatus est. || Repute, reputation, vid. || Loud noise, crepitus ; fragor (very loud). There is a report, fit fragor ab aliqua re : to make a report, crepare, sonare : to make a loud report, fragorem dare or edere ; crepitare vehementius.
REPORT, v., || To relate what one has heard, referre (Cf., only poetical, renarrare). You can report it after me, * mea auctoritate hoc referre licet : I merely report it as I heard it, hæc auditu comperta habeo ; hæc auditione et fama accepi. || To say anything of a person, de aliquo dicere, with an adverb, (general term, to speak of one) : incusare aliquid in aliquem (to accuse a person of a thing ; vid. Döderlein, SYN. 2, p. 66) : to report badly of anyone, maledice dicere de aliquo : to report well of one, bene or honorifice dicere de aliquo : they report well of anyone, bene audit aliquis : they report of me, you, him, that I, thou, he, etc., dicor, diceris, dicitur (followed by a nominative and infinitive ; vid. Zumpt, § 607 ; e. g., dives esse dicitur).
Reported = alleged, qui (quæ, quod) dicitur, fertur, editur (Cf., dictus, editus are not classical, in this sense). || To give accurate intelligence, or an official account, nunciare (to announce) : renunciare (to bring back word, in consequence of a commission received, or as a return for other intelligence ; vid. Held., Cæs., B. G., 1, 10) ; anything to a person, alicui aliquid : certiorem aliquem facere de re (to inform) : docere, edocere aliquem aliquid or (rarely) de re (to instruct ; edocere = to give accurate information on a definite subject ; vid. Herzog, Sall., Cat., 48, 4) : deferre, referre ad aliquem de re (to give information, etc., especially to a superior ; deferre voluntarily, referre by virtue of office and duty) : per literas significare (by writing) : narrare (general term, to narrate) : memoriæ tradere or prodere, or simply prodere (to hand down to posterity ; of historians) : to report the whole progress of an event, omnem rem ordine enarrare ; ordine edocere omnia (orally) : omnia perscribere (by writing). || To make a sudden noise, crepare : sonare : fragorem dare or edere, crepitare vehementius (when very loud).
REPORTER, || A narrator, narrator. || One who takes down notes of speeches, and reports them, notarius : (scriptor velox, †Manil : Cf., notarius velox is not Latin ; vid. the commentators on Plinius, Ep., 3, 5, 15).
REPOSE, v., || Transitively, To place, set, put, vid. To repose confidence in, fidere or confidere alicui and alicui rei : fretum esse aliquo or aliqua re (to rely upon anything) : fiduciam habere alicujus rei (to repose in anything). To repose one’s whole confluence in anybody, se totum alicui committere ; omnia consilia alicui credere : to repose no confidence in a person, alicui diffidere. || Intransitively, To take rest, quiescere : conquiescere : requiescere (general term, also, of taking rest in sleep) : quietem capere (to take rest in sleep).
REPOSE, s., requies (rest) : quies (freedom from interruption and noise, a quiet life) : otium (leisure, freedom from business) : somnus (sleep).
Repose of mind, animi tranquillitas : animus tranquillus. To find repose after one’s troubles and toils, ex omnibus molestiis et laboribus conquiescere : to give anybody a little repose, aliquem respirare et conquiescere jubere : to allow anybody three hours for repose, alicui tres horas ad quietem dare : a place of repose, tranquillus ad quietem locus (properly) ; portus otii, or portus only (figuratively). Vid.
REST.
REPOSITORY, receptaculum (any place in which a thing can be laid or kept) : cella : cellula (especially a store-room) : horreum (a ware-room, store, granary) : apotheca (for wine) : penus (for victuals) : armarium (for clothes) : claustrum (for wild beasts). REPREHEND, reprehendere : vituperare : culpare : increpare : improbare. SYN., and CONSTR. in BLAME. REPREHENSIBLE, reprebendendus : vituperabilis : vituperandus : reprehensione or vituperatione dignus (blameworthy. SYN., of reprehensione and vituperatione, under To BLAME). Not to be reprehensible, a reprehensione abesse (not blamable) : nihil in se habere, quod reprehendi possit (to be without fault).
REPREHENSION, reprehensio (the censure which tends to correct a committed fault, or to exhort for the future ; opposed to probatio) : vituperatio (the censure which tends to extort a confession and produce repentance ; opposed to laus) : Cf., vituperium is spurious Latin, introduced (Cicero, De Legg., 3, 10, 23) by ignorant copyists. To visit anybody with reprehension on account of anything, reprehendere aliquem de aliqua re or in aliqua re : vituperare aliquem de aliqua re : objurgare aliquem de aliqua re, or in aliqua re, or aliqua re : accusare aliquem de aliqua re or in aliqua re : to be visited with reprehension, reprehendi : vituperari : in vituperationem venire, cadere, incidere, or adduci : vituperationem subire.
REPRESENT, || To depict or describe the form of a thing, repræsentare (Plinius, Quintilianus ; to set clearly before the view) : exprimere : fingere : effingere (to express ; of an artist) : pingere : depingere (to paint) : reddere et offerre alicui aliquid (of the memory) : oculis, sub oculos, or sub aspectum alicujus subjicere aliquid (of persons, by description, etc. ). The artist represented him in the act of sacrificing, artifex eum sacrificantem expressit. || To describe mimetically, to sustain the person of, agere.
To represent an individual, alicujus partes agere : alicujus personam induere, suscipere, or gerere (either on the stage or otherwise) : to represent a play, fabulam dare (Cf., not fabulam docere, which means “to train the actors”). || To bring before the mind, give notice of, aliquem de aliqua re monere, or with ut or ne (to admonish) : aliquem aliquid docere (to instruct) : ostendere alicui aliquid (or with an accusative and infinitive) : to represent to anyone the impossibility of a thing, alicui ostendere rem fieri non posse : to represent to one the benefits of a thing, aliquem docere quanta sit alicujus rei utilitas : to represent to one’s self, cogitare : animo cogitare : cogitatione sibi fingere : animo sibi effingere : animo concipere : aliquem, or aliquid oculis, or ante oculos proponere : aliquem , aliquid, sibi proponere : cogitare de aliquo or de aliqua re : Cf., repræsentare aliquid or sibi aliquem does not occur until the Silver Age. || To be in the place or a ct on behalf of anyone, agere aliquem or pro aliquo (Cf., not se agere aliquem) : gerere or sustinere alicujus personam (Cf., not agere alicujus personam) : vicem alicujus implere (Plinius, Ep. ).
REPRESENTATION, || Act of representing, by the verbs. || Exhibition, Vid. || Image, likeness, vid.
REPRESENTATIVE, s., and adjective, qui vice alicujus fungitur or vicem alicujus implet : (of the people) qui personam populi gerit (vid. Cicero, Off., 1, 34, 124). A representative constitution, or, a representative and constitutional government, * civitas in qua ex eorum arbitratu qui singulorum ordinum personas gerunt, leges feruntur ; e. g., * civitas quæ convocandis ad comitia civium ordinibus ferendisque ex illorum arbitratu legibus popularem aliquam formam induit (after Cicero, Off., 1, 34, 124).
REPRESS, reprimere (to press back, and so prevent from breaking out, lacrimas, fletum, iracundiam) : comprimere (to press together, and so prevent from spreading ; e. g., tumultum, seditionem, motus) : supprimere (to press under, and so keep dewn ; ægritudinem, iram) : opprimere (to press against anything, and so keep it back ; e. g., tumultum, libertatem, rumorem). Vid.
RESTRAIN.
REPRIEVE, s., mora mortis (e. g., non modo effugium sed ne moram quidem mortis assequi potuit, Cicero). Improperly, dilatio, etc. To beg for a reprieve, dilationem petere (of a debtor) : to grant him a few days’ reprieve, paucos dies ad solvendum prorogare.
REPRIEVE, v., * moram mortis alicui concedere or dare (mora mortis, Cicero). To be reprieved, moram mortis assequi (Cicero).
REPRIMAND, s., reprehensio : vituperatio. A gentle reprimand, lenis objurgatio.
REPRIMAND, v., vituperare : reprehendere : (verbis) increpare : increpitare : culpare [SYN. in BLAME] : objurgare (to reproach with a fault ; opposed to laudare) : conviciari (to make railing accusations) : exagitare, destringere (to make sharp attacks on anybody) : corripere (to blame with harsh words) : cavillari (to blame with irony) : exprobrare (alicui aliquid, to reproach anybody with something as dishonorable to him). To reprimand anybody on account of anything, reprehendere aliquem de or in aliqua re : vituperare aliquem de aliqua re : objurgare aliquem de or in aliqua re, or aliqua re only : to be reprimanded, objurgari : vituperari : in vituperationem incidere, cadere, venire, or adduci : vituperationem subire : to reprimand in gentle terms, levi brachio objurgare aliquem (de aliqua re).
REPRINT, v., * librum denuo typis exscribendum curare (of the author) : * typis denuo exscribere (of the printer). Cf., Librum repetere is not Latin.
REPRINT, s., * exemplar typis denuo exscriptum.
REPRISALS, vis vi repulsa. To make reprisals, par pari ferre : vim vi repellere.
REPROACH, s., probrum (reproach which may be justly made) : opprobrium (reproach actually made) : maledictum : vox contumeliosa : verbum contumeliosum.
REPROACH, v., objicere (the proper word) : exprobrare (alicui aliquid, or de aliqua re) : objurgare (aliquem, aliquem de aliqua re or in aliqua re ; also aliqua re only, and with quod) : aliquid alicui crimini dare. Also reprehendere aliquem de or in aliqua re : vituperare (aliquem de aliqua re) [SYN, in BLAME]. To reproach in mild terms, levi brachio objurgare aliquem (de aliqua re) : to reproach anybody severely, aliquem graviter accusare : when I was reproached with being almost beside myself, quum objurgarer, quod pæne desiperem (Cicero).
REPROACHFUL, contumeliosus : maledicus. SYN. in REVILING.
REPROACHFULLY, contumeliose : maledice ; or by circumlocution with the substantive or verb.
REPROBATE, adjective, damnatus (condemned ; hence, also, reprobate, vile : quis te miserior? quis te damnatior? * Cicero, Pis., 40, extr. ) : profligatus : perditus (abandoned). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) profligatus et perditus : sceleratus.
REPROBATE, v., damnare : reprobare. Vid. CONDEMN.
REPROBATION, damnatio (condemnation) : reprehensio : vituperatio (blame) : reprobatio (Tertullianus).
REPRODUCE, * denuo generare : denuo ferre or proferre (of the earth).
REPRODUCTION, by the verb : power of reproduction, * via denuo generandi or proferendi.
REPROOF, reprehensio : vituperatio : objurgatio : culpatio. A mild reproof, lenis objurgatio.
REPROVE, reprobare (express disapprobation ; opposed to probare : approbare) : damnare : condemnare (condemn ; also opposed to approbare) : reprehendere : vituperare (opposed to probare, laudare. SYN. in BLAME). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) reprehendere et exagitare aliquid. To reprove in no measured terms, vehementer reprehendere aliquem de aliqua re or in aliqua re : vituperare aliquem de aliqua re : to be reproved, reprehendi : vituperari : in vituperationem venire, incidere, cadere, adduci : vituperationem subire. Vid. CONDEMN.
REPROVER, castigator (Horatius, Livius) : exprobrator (Seneca). Also by the verbs.
REPTILE, * animal or bestia repens (after Cicero : bestiæ volucres, nantes).
REPUBLIC, civitas libera : civitas libera et sui juris : respublica libera ; also, simply respublica, when the context fixes the sense : the monarchy is changed into a republic, a regis dominatione in libertatem populi vindicatur respublica : the republic of letters, perhaps we may say civitas erudita or literaria, or respublica erudita, docta, literaria, or doctorum, eruditorum hominum ; but these phrases denote an actual, rather than ideal, republic. Some adopt senatus doctorum (from Cicero, N. D., 1, 34, cum tamquam senatum philosophorum recitares). Cf., Avoid orbis literatus or eruditus : orbis literatorum, eruditorum, although defended by Nolten., Antib., ii., p. 165. Orbis never denotes a number or body of men (Krebs). κυρικιμασαηικο REPUBLICAN, adjective, must, for the most part, be expressed by a genitive ; e. g., a republicanconstitution, reipublicæ (liberæ) forma : to give a republican constitution to a country, reipublicæ formam civitati dare : to have republican feelings or predilections, reipublicæ liberæ esse amicum : libertatis esse amantem.
REPUBLICAN, s., reipublicæ liberæ civis (citizen of a republic) : reipublicæ liberæ amicus : communis libertatis propugnator (a friend of the republican form of government). A zealous or fierce republican, acerrimus reipublicæ liberæ propugnator.
REPUDIATE, || To reject, repudiare (to reject as worthless or bad) : spernere (opposed to concupiscere) : aspernari (opposed to appetere) : respuere (with loathing or disgust) : aspernari ac respuere : rejicere (to turn back) : recusare : renuere : abnuere (to refuse). || To divorce, vid.
REPUDIATION, repudiatio (Cicero seldom ; but classical in prose) : or by the verb.
REPUGNANCE, discordia rerum : repugnantia rerum (contrariety of nature and qualities. Pliny also uses antipathia, ἀντιπάθεια) : odium : fuga : aversans et repugnans natura (natural feeling of dislike ; these three especially of persons) : naturale bellum (Cicero, of the consequence of a natural antipathy between animals : est alicui cum aliquo). To feel repugnance against anything, abhorrere a re : aversari aliquid : aliquid spernere, aspernari, respuere. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) aspernari ac respuere aliquid : fastidire aliquem or aliquid (feel disgust or loathing) : to entertain a repugnance against anybody, animorum contentione a aliquo discrepare : to feel a great repugnance against anything, magnum odium alicujus rei me capit : there is a great repugnance between two things, res quædam pervicaci odio dissident : without any repugnance, promto animo : libenter : with repugnance, repugnanter.
REPUGNANT, odiosus (hateful) : alienus (foreign to, etc) : pugnans : repugnans (contradictory, inconsistent ; of things) : aversus : contrarius. [Vid., also, CONTRARY. ]Anything is repugnant to me, me alicujus rei pertæsum est : tædet me alicujus rei : res tædium mihi creat : aliquis or alicujus animus abhorret a re.
REPUGNANTLY, repugnanter : animo averso, alieno, invito.
REPULSE, s., repulsa. To suffer a repulse, repulsam ferre, accipere : repulsum abire : to give a repulse, petenti alicui deesse : aliquis alicujus rei ab aliquo repulsam fert : alicujus precibus non satisfacere : you shall not suffer a repulse, haud repulsus abibis : quidquid me ores
impetrabis (after Plautus, Capt., 3, 2, 14).
REPULSE, v., depellere (to drive away) : repellere (to drive back ; vid. Ochs., Cic., Ecl., p. 70) : propellere : propulsare (the latter the stronger word). To repulse an enemy, hostem or impetum hostium propulsare ; hostes rejicere or fugare ; hostes terga vertere cogere (Cæsar) : to repulse force by force, vim vi repellere.
REPULSIVE, || Properly, quod repellit, propulsat. || Figuratively, quod fastidium or odium affert alicui ; quod affert alicui non fastidium modo sed plerumque etiam odium (after Quintilianus, 11, 1, 15).
REPURCHASE, v., redimere.
REPUTABLE,
REPUTABLY, Vid.
RESPECTABLE, RESPECTABLY.
REPUTATION,
REPUTE, fama : existimatio (good or bad repute) : Good repute, bona fama : bona existimatio ; also simply fama (vid. Herzog., ad Sall., Cat., 25, 3) : existimatio : nomen : high repute, magna fama, existimatio : bad repute, infamia : mala fama : mala existimatio : to be in good repute, bene audire : bene existimatur de aliquo (Cicero) : in fama esse (Tacitus, Hist., 2, 73) : to be in bad repute, male audire (Cicero) : in infamia esse (Terentianus) : esse infamia (Cicero) : infamia aspersum esse (Nepos) : infamiam habere (Cæsar) : to be in very bad repute, infamia flagrare (Cicero) : in bad repute, infamis : to bring into repute, ad famam proferre (Tacitus, Ann., 16, 18) : in famam provehere aliquem (Plinius, Ep., 9, 14) : to be in repute, esse in numero aliquo et honore : aliquem numerum obtinere : to be in very great repute, magno honore esse (apud aliquem) : to care for one’s repute, famæ servire (Nepos), consulere (Sallustius) : famæ studere (Quintilianus) : existimationi servire (Cicero) : to be tender or careful of another’s repute, existimationi alicujus consulere, servire : to injure or detract from anybody’s reputation, famam alicujus lædere, atterere (Sallustius) : existimationem alicujus perdere (Auct., ad Her. ) : spoliare aliquem fama (Cicero) : est aliquid contra famam alicujus (Cicero) : detrahere de fama alicujus (Cicero) : obtrectare alicujus gloriæ, laudibus (Livy, when the reputation is high) : infamiam alicui movere (Livius), ferre or parare (Tacitus), inferre (Cicero) : infamare aliquem (rarely ; Nepos, Quintilianus : Cf., not diffamare aliquem, late) : invidiam alicui facere (Suetonius) : to lose reputation, amittere famam : deserit aliquem fama.
REPUTED, qui (quæ, quod) dicitur, fertur, existimatur (Cf., not dictus, editus). The reputed author, * qui auctor hujus libri fertur, dicitur, existimatur.
REQUEST, s., preces (plural) : rogatio : rogatus (only in ablative singular : Cf., not petitio). At anyone’s request, aliquo rogante, petente : to listen to a request, preces alicujus audire (not exaudire) or admittere ; alicui patenti satisfacere, annuere ; quod petit aliquis, dare : to refuse a request, preces alicujus spernere (Ovidius), aversari (Livius), repudiare (Cicero) ; alicui petenti deesse. What is your request? quid petis? If you grant my request, * si feceris, quod rogo : to make a request ; vid. the verb.
REQUEST, v., || Intransitively, rogare : petere (general term for asking, whether as a request or a demand ; in the middle, therefore, between poscere and orare, but somewhat nearer to a request : petere mostly refers to the object, rogare to the person : hence petere aliquid ab aliquo : rogare aliquem aliquid). || Transitively, rogare, orare aliquem aliquid : flagitare : efflagitare aliquid ab aliquo (with eagerness and impetuosity). To request the gods, precari a diis : precatione uti : precationem ad deos facere : to request humbly anything from anybody, supplicare alicui pro re : petere, postulare suppliciter aliquid ab aliquo : orare aliquem supplicibus verbis : orare or rogare aliquem suppliciter : to request importunately and almost with tears, omnibus precibus, pæne lacrimis etiam obsecrare aliquem : to request in the most earnest manner, aliquem ita rogare, ut majore studio rogare non possim : to request the life of a malefactor, petere vitam nocenti : let me request of you, oratus sis : plural, rogati sitis or estote : let me request and beseech you, quæso : oro : obsecro : to request the favor of anybody’s company, aliquem invitare, vocare : to request anybody’s company to dinner, aliquem ad cœnam vocare or invitare : to request anybody’s company at one’s house, aliquem domum suam invitare (condicere alicui, with or without cœnam, or ad cœnam, is to invite one’s self ; to fix to dine with anybody).
REQUIRE, || To need, poscere : postulare : requirere, desiderare (to hold as necessary) : esse, with a genitive of a substantive, together with an adjective ; e. g., it requires much labor, multi laboris est : to be required, opus esse : the times require it, tempus ita fert : If circumstances require it, si res or tempus postulat : si res cogit (of urgent circumstances) : the affair requires great foresight, magnam res diligentiam requirit : as a thing requires, pro ; e. g., as his dignity requires, pro ejus dignitate. || To ask, request, vid.
REQUISITE, necessarius : quod requiritur, desideratur in aliqua re : quod abesse nequit. To be requisite, requiri : desiderari : opus esse. Vid. also, NECESSARY.
REQUISITION, rogatio (act of requiring or asking) : rogatus (only in ablative singular) : quod aliquis petit (subject of an entreaty) : imperatum, quod imperatur (subject of a command or injunction). Vid. also, REQUEST.
REQUITAL, par gratia (the same favor in return) : præmium : merces (reward, wages ; meres also in a bad sense). To make a requital, par pari referre. Vid., also, To REQUITE.
REQUITE, referre : reddere (general term) : gratiam referre alicui, or parem gratiam referre alicui (vid. Bentl., Terentius, Eun., 4, 4, 51 ; in a good or a bad sense) : remunerari (in a good sense) : pensare or compensare aliquid aliqua re (to make even ; e. g., benefactions by benefactions, beneficia beneficiis : merits by benefactions, merita beneficiis : Cf., recompensare is to be avoided) : rependere aliquid aliqua re (literally, to weigh the one against the other ; figuratively, to set off, make up ; e. g., damnum, by anything, aliqua re) : par pari referre (to render like for like). To requite anybody’s love, aliquem redamare : to requite kindnesses, beneficiis respondere or vicem exsolvere : I cannot requite your services, tantum tibi debeo, quantum solvere difficile est : to requite anything badly, malam gratiam referre.
RESCIND, rescindere (to cancel and make void ; e. g., decrees, compacts, wills, etc. ) : inducere (to strike out a resolution, a decree of the Senate, a contract, locationem) : pervertere (abolish by violence ; laws, justice, etc. ) : abolere : abrogare [SYN. in ABOLISH] : derogare legi or aliquid de lege (of a partial abolition ; but sometimes with accusative for abrogare ; Ochsn., Cic., Eclog., p. 85) : obrogare legi (to render it a dead letter, wholly or in part, by a subsequent enactment).
RESCRIPT, rescriptum : libelli (plural) : codicilli (plural).
RESCUE, s., liberatio : conservatio : auxilium : Usually by the verb.
RESCUE, v., liberare aliquem aliqua re or ab aliqua re : servare, conservare, vindicare, eripere aliquem : salutem ferre, afferre, alicui : ad salutem vocare aliquem (Cicero). To rescue from death, eripere aliquem a morte, ex cæde (Cicero) : to rescue from danger, aliquem servare, eripere, ex periculo (Cicero) : eripere aliquem periculo (Cæsar) : to rescue one’s country, patriam eripere ex hostium manibus (Livius, 5, 46 ; from an enemy) : patriam e servitute in libertatem vindicare (Nepos, Thras., 1, 2 ; from oppression) : to rescue from prison, aliquem liberare custodiis, eximere vinculis (Cicero).
RESEARCH, quæstio : inquisitio : cognitio (inquiry) : investigatio : indagatio : exploratio (investigation). To make research, quærere aliquid or de aliqua re : inquirere in aliquid : investigari, scrutari, perscrutari, explorare aliquid. Our researches on this subject led to nothing satisfactory, nos nihil de eo percunctationibus reperiebamus.
RESEMBLANCE, similitudo. Vid. LIKENESS.
RESEMBLE, alicujus or alicujus rei esse similem : accedere ad similitudmem alicujus rei (Cicero, Att., 7, 2, 3) : similitudinem speciemque alicujus gerere (Cicero, Off., 3, 4, 16) : est mihi cum aliquo quædam similitudo : (in character) mores alicujus referre (Plinius) : (in features, etc. ) os vultumque alicujus referre (ib. ) : to resemble closely, prope (propius, proxime) accedere ad aliquid (of internal or outward resemblance).
RESEMBLING, Vid. LIKE.
RESENT, || To take ill, aliquid in malam partem accipere : ferre aliquid ægre, graviter, moleste, acerbe (Cicero), indigne (Nepos), iniquo animo (Cicero) : gravius excipere (Suetonius). || To avenge, ulcisci, vindicare aliquid : ulcisci aliquem pro acceptis injuriis : ulcisci or persequi alicujus injurias. Vid. AVENGE.
RESENTFUL, qui succenset alicui, qui odium occultum gerit adversus aliquem. Vid. also, ANGRY.
RESENTMENT, ira (anger) : ultio (revenge) : odium occultum or inclusum (concealed hatred). To feel resentment against anybody, odium occultum gerere adversus aliquem. Often by the verb.
RESERVATION, retentio (a keeping back) : repositio (a laying by for future use) ; usually by the verbs. Vid. also, RESERVE.
RESERVE, v., || To lay up,
servare : reservare (to lay by or keep in store for a particular purpose, to refrain from using anything until a certain season or occasion occur) : conservare (to keep in good order, let alone, refrain from injuring) : reponere : seponere (to put aside for future use) : condere : recondere (to lay by, or in store ; e. g., fruit). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) condere et reponere ; reponere et recondere. To reserve for another time, in aliud tempus reservare or differre. || To keep back, retinere (properly), celare, occultare, tegere, dissimulare aliquid : comprimere (to conceal).
RESERVE, s., || A keeping back, retentio ; usually by the verbs. To keep in reserve ; vid. the verb. || Studied silence, taciturnitas (silence) : modestia, verecundia (modesty) : dissimulatio (not telling all that one knows) : cautio (caution). Without reserve, aperte : ingenue : libere : plane : simpliciter : non timide : to speak with reserve, verecundius loqui de aliqua re : to practise reserve, tergiversari (Livius, Cicero) : veram animi sententiam celare, premere : that practices reserve, tectus : occultus : dissimulator : they practiced no reserve, quid sentirent non reticuerunt (Cicero, Att., 13, 27, 1). || A body of troops kept back, subsidia, -orum (neuter) : copiæ subsidiariæ : (milites) subsidiarii (general term) : acies subsidiaria (drawn up in order of battle). To be in reserve, pro subsidio consistere : in subsidiis esse : to appoint a reserve, in subsidio ponere or collocare.
RESERVED, || Properly, repositus : reconditus. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) repositus et reconditus ; vid. the verb. || Figuratively, taciturnus (silent, in a good sense) : tectus : occultus : occultus et tectus (that conceals his true sentiments) : cautus (careful in speaking and acting) : modestus : verecundus (modest, shy).
Reserved to anybody, tectus ad aliquem : cautus (in speaking) : timidus (timid) : frigidus (cold). To be of a gloomy and reserved disposition, esse natura tristi ac recondita (Cicero).
RESERVOIR, lacus (a large, deep tank) : castellum : dividiculum (a building in which water is collected, and thence distributed to other places by pipes) : cisterna (a cistern under ground, in which rain-water is kept).
RESIDE, habitare (aliquo loco), domicilium or sedem ac domicilium habere (aliquo loco), degere or degere vitam, vivere loco (to live at) : with anybody, in alicujus domo or apud aliquem habitare : apud aliquem or in alicujus domo deversari (for a time, as a guest) : cum aliquo habitare (to live together) : commorari (to be stopping at or abiding for a time).
RESIDENCE, || A place of abode, domicilium (abode, as far as one is at home there) : sedes (as the fixed spot where one resides) : habitatio (dwelling house or chamber, as long as one resides therein ; hence also, lodging). To choose a place for one’s residence, locum domicilio deligere : aliquo loco domicilium collocare : aliquo loco sedem ac domicilium constituere : aliquo loco considere (to take up one’s residence at). [Vid. also, HOUSE. ] || Time of one’s abode, commoratio : statio : mansio (opposed to itio : decessio ; implying a stay of some length) : habitatio (the dwelling at a place).
Residence in the country, rusticatio.
RESIDENT, by the verbs, or by circumlocution ; e. g., to be resident, sedem stabilem et domicilium habere : in a place, locum sedem sibi delegisse.
RESIDUARY,
Residuary legatee, heres will commonly suit. He left that son (such a sum), and made Oppianicus his residuary legatee, illi filio legavit, heredem instituit Oppianicum.
RESIDUE, Vid.
REMAINDER.
RESIGN, || To give up, cedere : concedere (to yield) : abjicere : deponere : omittere (to let go, abandon) : desistere aliqua re or de aliqua re (implying a sudden change of purpose) renunciare alicui re (to renounce). To resign one’s self to an occupation or pursuit, alicui rei se dedere : studio alicujus rei se dedere or se tradere : to resign one’s self to suffering, æquo animo ferre or tolerare aliquid : in se recipere aliquid. || To abdicate or retire from an office, abdicare munus or (far more commonly) se munere : abire magistratu or honore : abscedere munere (Livius, 9, 3) : magistratum deponere (of magistrates) : missionem postulare (to demand a discharge of soldiers. Cf., donare, “to give up a command, ” is of the Silver Age).
RESIGNATION, || The act of giving up, renunciatio (general term) : abdicatio (of an office ; e. g., dictaturæ) : cessio (a renouncing or giving up anything in favor of another person) : Or by the verbs. || Submission of mind, patientia : æquus animus. To bear anything with resignation, aliquid æquo animo ferre (Nepos) ; accipere (Sallustius) or tolerare (Sallustius) ; aliquid patienter ferre : with perfect resignation, æquissimo animo. All this I bear with perfect resignation, tranquillissimus animus meus totum istuc æqui boni facit (Cicero).
RESIGNED, æquo animo : patiens : tolerans alicujus rei : placidus (with good humor). [Vid. PATIENT. ]To be resigned to anything, pati, patienter ferre : tolerare : æquo animo ferre or tolerare aliquid : in se recipere aliquid.
RESIN, resina : fastened with resin, resinatus (Plinius).
RESINOUS, resinaceus (of resin, Plinius) : resinosus (full of resin, Plinius).
RESIST, resistere : obsistere (Cicero) ; reniti (Livius) ; repugnare : to resist the enemy, hosti se opponere, obviam ire, repugnare : hostem propulsare, defendere : to resist anything, resistere alicui rei. To resist an attack successfully, impetum sustinere.
RESISTANCE : Usually by the verbs, e. g., to make resistance, resistere : obsistere : repugnare. For resistance, ad resistendum : nature endures no resistance, naturæ nullo modo obsisti potest (after Cicero).
RESISTLESS, cui nullo modo resisti or obsisti potest.
RESOLUTE, firmus : constans : stabilis : obstinatus : obfirmatus. SYN. in RESOLUTION.
RESOLUTELY, firmo animo atque constanti : obfirmato animo [SYN. in RESOLUTION] : fidenter : confidenter : audacter (boldly).
RESOLUTION, || Firmness of purpose, firmitas : stabilitas : constantia (opposed to mobilitas) : gravitas (opposed to levitas) : animi fortitude : animus certus or confirmatus. || Determination, purpose, consilium (plan, design) ; or by circumlocution, consilium captum ; quod aliquis apud animum statuit, in animum induxit (Cicero) : sententia (will, opinion) : voluntas (pleasure). A sudden resolution, repentina voluntas ; impetus ; consilium repentinum or subitum : to form a resolution, consilium capere ; to do anything, aliquid faciendi ; aliquid facere [Cicero, Quint., 16, fin. ; Cæsar, B. G., 7, 71], or ut aliquid faciam [e. g., subito consilium cepi, ut, antequam luceret, exirem, Cicero, Att., 7, 10]) : consilium inire : to have formed a resolution, in animo habere : my resolution is firm, certum est mihi ; stat mihi (sententia) ; statutum habeo cum animo et deliberatum ; also, consilium est aliquid facere (Cicero). To adhere to one’s resolution, in sententia manere, perstare ; sibi constare ; consilium tenere ; consilium non mutare ; in proposito susceptoque consilio permanere : to change one’s resolution, consilium mutare, abjicere ; de sententia decedere ; a sententia discedere. || Solution, solutio : dissolutio (both especially of a captious question) : explicatio : enodatio (of a perplexed, difficult matter).
RESOLVABLE, qui (quæ, quod) solvi, dissolvi, potest.
RESOLVE, || Transitively, To dissolve, solvere : dissolvere : resolvere ; if = liquefy, liquefacere : liquare : diluere. || To separate, dissolvere : sejungere : secernere. || To solve, solvere (qnæstionem, Gellius) ; dissolvere (interrogationem, Cicero) ; solvere (ænigma, Quintilianus) ; solvere, resolvere (ambiguitatem, Quintilianus) ; tollere (dubitationem, Cicero). || Intransitively, To determine, statuere, constituere, decernere, upon anything, aliquid, or followed by an infinitive (to fix, settle, determine) : consilium capere (to form a determination or resolution : followed by the gerund in di or infinitive, or ut ; vid. in “to form a RESOLUTION”) : inducere animum or in animum (to bring one’s mind to ; followed by an infinitive or ut) : decernere (properly, to decree that anything shall take place ; then = to resolve) : apud animum statuere, constituere (to fix, settle) : destinare, animo proponere (to propose to one’s self : Cf., the latter without animo, especially in the Silver Age) : censere, placet alicui (of the Senate) : sciscere : jubere. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) sciscere jubereque (to make a law or ordinance, sciscere especially of the plebs, jubere of the populus ; vid. commentators on Nepos, Arist., 1, 4 ; Heusingg., Cic., Off., 3, 11, 1) : I am resolved, certum est mihi ; stat mihi (sententia) ; statutum habeo cum animo et deliberatum : to be sufficiently resolved upon, etc., satis habere consilium de, etc. (Cicero, Att., 12, 50, extr. ). [Vid. also, “my RESOLUTION is firm. “] Not to be able to resolve on anything, animi or animo pendere ; varie or in diversas partes distrahi ; certum consilium capere non posse ; certa aliqua in sententia consistere non posse ; hæreo quid faciam ; in incerto habeo, quidnam consilii capiam.
RESORT, v., || (To a place), frequentare (to visit frequently ; alicujus domum, scholam, etc. ) : celebrare
(to come to in numbers, or often : alicujus domum, deûm delubra, Lucretius, etc. ) : se conferre aliquo, petere locum, capessere locum ; concedere aliquo (retire) : commeare (to travel backward and forward ; e. g., of merchants, Delos, quo omnes undique cum mercibus commeabant, Cicero). || (To a person), se conferre, accedere ad aliquem : adire, convenire aliquem (for protection or aid) : ad alicujus opem confugere, perfugere. || To resort to means, confugere (to fly to, as a resource ; e. g., ad preces) : adhibere (to employ ; general term). To resort to a different treatment or method of cure, aliam quandam ad aliquem admovere curationem (Cicero). Vid. To EMPLOY.
RESORT, s., || Meeting, assembly, frequentia : conventus. A place of much resort, locus celeber (opposed to desertus). I wished to be in a place of less resort, volebam loco magis deserto esse. Anybody dislikes a place of so much resort, offendit aliquem loci celebritas. || Refuge, refugium : perfugium.
RESOUND, resonare (properly and figuratively) : personare (to sound through ; ring with). Vid. SOUND.
RESOURCE, auxilium : subsidium : præsidium : adjumentum (aid) : instrumentum (means) : resources = property, etc., facultates, opes, copiæ, plural.
RESPECT, s., || Account, regard, respectus : ratio : in respect of a thing, alicujus rei ratione habita ; alicujus rei respectu. Without respect of persons, nullius ratione habita ; delectu omni et discrimine omisso : in every respect, omnino (claiming general acceptance or assent) : ab omni parte, omni ex parte : in omni genere : omnibus rebus (in all points or particulars). In both respects, utraque in re (see Cicero, Læl., 18, 14) ; also, by the accusative, aliquid (e. g., Cæsar, B. G., 1, 40). In many respects, multis locis (vid. Klotz., Cic., Tusc., 4, 1, 1). This can help in no respect, hoc nullam ad partem valet : this is troublesome to me in every respect, hoc in omnes partes molestum est : with respect to, quod attinet ad (what pertains to ; as Cicero, ad Div., 3, 5, 3, quod ad librum attinet quem tibi filius dabit, and Cicero, Fam., 1, 2, 4, quod ad popularem rationem attinet, what concerns ; and Cf., this is the only sense in which quod attinet ad is = with respect to in good Latin) : ad (in reference to, in respect of ; as Cicero, 2 Verr., 1, 22, 58, adornatura ad speciem magnifico ornatu ; and Cicero, N. D., 2, 62, 155, nulla [species] ad rationem sollertiamque præstantior ; and Cicero, Tusc., 3, 5, 11, mentis ad omnia cæcitas) : de (in respect of, concerning, about ; as, Terentius, Ad., 2, 1, 50, de argento somnium ; and Cæsar, B. G., 6, 19, de morte si res in suspicionem venit ; and Cicero, Att., 9, 1, 2, recte non credis de numero militum) : a or ab (on the part of ; as Cicero, De Or., 3, 61, 229, nihil enim isti adolescenti neque a natura, neque a doctrina deesse sentio). Sometimes this may be rendered by respiciens, in such phrases as, with respectto those things the people chose rather, hæc respiciens populus maluit : or by si judicandum est aliqua re ; in such cases as the following ; he had a household, excellent indeed with respect to their serviceableness, but, with respect to appearance, very inferior, usus est familia, si militate judicandum est, optima, si forma, vix mediocri (Nepos, Att., 13, 3). With respect to what, etc., quod with a verb ; with respect to your doubting, from the nature of my plans, whether you shall vid. me in the province, quod itinerum meorum ratio te nonnullam in rationem videtur adducere, visurusne me sis in provincia (ea res sic se habet, etc., Cicero, Fam., 3, 5, 3 ; vid. also, Livius, 3, 12, 7, etc. ) : with respect to myself, quod attinet ad me, de me, a me, per me ; out of respectto, i. e., on account of, ob ; propter ; causa. || High esteem, reverent regard, observantia (respect shown to anybody by waiting upon him, etc. ) : verecundia (regard) : reverentia (esteem ; these three of respect shown to another) : honor (honor) : dignatio (esteem caused by desert). To possess, enjoy respect, habetur alicui honor : coli et observari : aliquem numerum obtinere : to entertain or feel respect for anybody, vereri, revereri aliquem , aliquem colere, tribuere alicui cultum : to show respect to anybody, observare, honorare aliquem ; reverentiam adhibere adversus aliquem or præstare alicui : hence also, (The words are found in this connection and order. ) colere et observare aliquem : to show due respect to anybody, aliquem prosequi, with or without observantia (opposed to elevare aliquem).
RESPECT, v., || To regard, alicujus rei rationem ducere or habere : not to respect, negligere aliquem or aliquid ; nihil curare aliquid : to respect as, ponere with in and the ablative ; ducere aliquid alicui rei ; numerare aliquid in alicujus rei loco. [Vid., also, REGARD, v. ] || To relate to, ad rem spectare [Vid., also, RELATE]. || To entertain or feel respect for [vid. in RESPECT, s. ]. To respect anybody’s will or pleasure, alicujus voluntati obsequi or morem gerere : to respect anybody’s commands, ab aliquo imperata facere.
RESPECTABILITY, bona existimatio : locus : numerus. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) locus et numerus : dignitas : auctoritas.
RESPECTABLE, colendus : suspiciendus (to be looked up to) : honestus (honorable) : venerabilis (deserving of veneration) : conspiciendus and spectabilis (Cf., not before the Augustan age) : a respectable man, vir honestus, gravis ; spectatus et honestus : vir bonæ existimationis (of unblemished reputation) : vir spectabilis (as a title, under the emperors, Code Justinian).
RESPECTABLY, honeste : decore (creditably) : laudabiliter : cum laude (so as to deserve praise) : ut decet (becomingly) : bene (well). To live or conduct one’s self respectably, decore, honeste, vivere.
RESPECTFUL, observans (toward anybody ; alicujus) : reverens : venerabundus. [SYN. in RESPECT. ]to be respectful toward anybody ; vid. “to show RESPECT. ” RESPECTFULLY, reverenter : to speak very respectfully to anybody, aliquem reverentissime alloqui : to rise respectfully before anybody, in venerationem alicujus assurgere.
RESPECTIVE, proprius : peculiaris et proprius : singularis ; sometimes with quisque ; e. g., that all might be responsible for their respective portions, ut suæ quisque partis tutandæ reus esset (Livius).
RESPECTIVELY, by ut quisque est ; suus cuique ; hie – ille ; tu – ille, alter – alter. They rely on the will and the claims of relationship respectively, hic testamento, ille proximitate nititur (Quintilianus) ; [the orators who pleaded] for Scaurus and his son respectively, pro Scauro hic, ille pro filio ; you and he are equally desirous to see your sons respectively, tuum tu gnatum, ille suum cupit videre (after Plautus, Capt., 2, 3, 39). They require respectively a bridle and spurs, alter frenis eget, alter calcaribus.
RESPIRATION, respiratio : respiratus (Cf., not respiritus). Vid. BREATH.
RESPIRE, spirare : respirare : animam reciprocare : spiritum trahere et emittere : animam or spiritum ducere. Vid. BREATHE.
RESPITE, mora (Held. ; mora mortis = reprieve) : dilatio : prolatio (adjournment, putting off).
Respite from trouble, intercapedo molestiæ.
RESPLENDENCE,
RESPLENDENCY, fulgor : splendor : nitor : claritas. SYN. in BRIGHTNESS.
RESPLENDENT, fulgens : splendidus : nitidus : nitens : illustris : clarus. SYN. and PHR. in BRIGHT.
RESPLENDENTLY, splendide, nitide, etc.
RESPOND,
RESPONSE, Vid., ANSWER.
RESPONDENT, qui alicui respondit (in a controversy) : qui contra disputatur : * propugnator quæstionis.
RESPONSIBILITY, By the adjective.
RESPONSIBLE, || Accountable, cui ratio reddenda est. To be responsible, præstare aliquid. I am responsible for that, mihi res præstanda est. To make one’s self responsible, aliquid in se recipere (to take it on one’s self) : periculum in se recipere, rem aliquam sui periculi facere : to be responsible for a loss, præstare damnum : to be responsible for charges, sumtus tolerare., suppeditare : you shall be responsible, tu culpam præstabis : that each might be responsible for the safety of his own part, ut suæ quisque partis tutandæ reus esset (Livius). || Able to pay, qui est solvendo or ad solvendum.
RESPONSION, responsio : responsum : Vid. also, ANSWER.
RESPONSIVE, ex altera parte respondens. Sometimes alternus. Vid. also, ANSWERABLE.
REST, s., || Repose, requies (after activity) : quies (in itself) : otium (leisure) : tranquillitas (freedom from disturbance) : day of rest, dies ad quietem datus : hour of rest, hora ad quietem data. You give yourself no rest, nullum remittis tempus neque te respicis (Terentius, Heaut., 1, 1, 18). || Sleep, vid. || Properly, support, adminiculum [vid. PROP]. || Remainder, reliquum ; quod reliquum est or restat ; quod restat, plural, quæ restant ; reliqui, plural, (of persons). The rest ; e. g., part of the senators. . . the rest, pars senatorum, . . . reliqui : for the rest, ceterum, cetera [in all other respects : Cf., ceteroqui or ceteroquin is extremely rare, being found, perhaps, only in Cicero, Att., 16, 11, 7, and Fin., 1, 3, 7) : de reliquo : reliqua : quod reliquum est : quod superest (as regards the remainder).
REST, v., || To be still, non moveri. || To repose, quiescere
: conquiescere : requiescere (general term, of persons and things) : quieti se dare or tradere (to take rest, of persons). To rest from all trouble and toil, ex omnibus molestiis et laborious conquiescere : to recommend anybody rest, aliquem respirare et conquiescere jubere : not to let anybody rest, aliquem numquam acquiescere sinere. I will not rest until, haud desinam, donec : the land rests (i. e., is uncultivated, lies fallow), ager quiescit or requiescit. || To lean, niti, inniti in re or in rem ; sustineri aliqua re ; incumbere in aliquid or alicui rei. || To depend, in the phrase to rest with ; i. e., to depend upon, in aliquo, or in re positum, or situm esse. Vid. DEPEND.
RESTING-PLACE, tranquillus ad quietem locus (Cicero, properly) ; portus otii, or simply portus (figuratively). To find no resting-place, locum ubi consistat, non reperire.
RESTITUTION, restitutio : refectio (restoring, repairing. Cf., Avoid restauratio in this sense). Usually by the verbs. To demand restitution and satisfaction, res repetere. To insist on restitution, pertinacem esse ad obtinendam injuriam (Livius, 29, 1, 17).
RESTIVE, A restive horse, perhaps indomitus (not broken in ; Plautus), or contumax (obstinate ; used of animals ; e. g., of oxen, Columella) : * frenis non parens.
RESTIVENESS, perhaps contumacia (used by Columella, of the obstinacy of oxen, contumaciapervicax boum).
RESTLESS, inquietus : turbidus (opposed to quietus) : turbulentus : turbatus : tumultuosus (agitated, stormy) : perturbatus : commotus : sollicitus (troubled, disturbed, especially in mind) : rerum novarum studiosus, cupidus (desirous of change or innovation). A restless mind or spirit, animus numquam agitatione et motu vacuus (Cicero, De Divin., 2, 62, 128). To pass a restless night, noctem perpetuis vigiliis et cum magno animi motu agere : to have restless nights, insomniis fatigari : to be restless (in mind), angi (to be disturbed with fear) : sollicitum esse (to be troubled).
RESTLESSLY, Usually by the adjective, (Cf., not inquiete, which it late ; turbate is = in disorder, confusedly) : turbulente : turbulenter (Cicero) ; tumultuose (Livy, of civil commotion).
RESTLESSNESS, inquies (a state of disquietude, when one cannot rest ; post-Augustan, e. g., inquies nocturna, Plinius, restlessness by night) : turbidus motus (unquiet motion, general term ; vid. Cicero, Tusc., 1, 33) : animi motus (disturbance of the mind ; e. g., in sleep, as Curtius, 7, 5, 16) : æstus (unsettled state of mind, when one is at a loss, or does not know what course to adopt) : perturbatio (great disturbance, whether in the state, usually with rerum, or of the mind, usually with animi) : sollicitudo (excitement with anxiety) : angor (disquietude arising from fear of impending calamity) : turba (mostly plural, turbæ), tumultus, tumultuatio (disturbance : SYN. and PHR. in DISTURBANCE).
RESTORATION, restauratio : redintegratio (renewal ; reparatio, Prudentius ; restitutio, Eumen. ). Usually by the verbs :
Restoration of concord, reconciliatio gratiæ : to demand the restoration of anything, repetere, reposcere aliquid.
RESTORATIVE, adjective, vires reficiens.
RESTORE, || To give back, reddere, restituere to restore : to life, ab inferis excitare, revocare : restored to life, ab inferis excitatus, revocatus (Cf., not redivivus) : || To put into its former condition, restituere (general term) : rursus restituere ; reficere (to repair what was injured) : reparare (to renew what had been more completely destroyed) : renovare (to renew). In a wider sense, also, revocare (Livius) ; reducere (Plinius, Ep. ) ; referre aliquid (Cicero). Cf., Avoid restaurare ; even instaurare occurs but seldom in the best writers : to restore a picture, picturam jam evanescentem vetustate coloribus iisdem quibus fuerat renovare (Cicero, Rep., 5, 1, 2) : nova pictura interpolare opus (to restore with fresh colors ; Plautus, Most., 1, 3, 103). RESTORER, restitutor (Cicero, Livius) ; reparator (Statius) : Or by the verbs. κυρικιμασαηικο RESTRAIN, || To confine, keep in, terminis or cancellis circumscribere, finire, definire : terminis circumscribere et definire : also, circumscribere only (to surround with boundaries, as it were) : finire : definire (to keep between certain outlines) : coercere (to keep within proper limits, to curb or bridle). To restrain a thing within its proper limits, aliquid intra terminos coercere : to restrain one’s empire within its ancient limits, antiquis terminis regnum finire : to be restored within their own narrow limits, suis finibus exiguis contineri : to restrain a thing within a narrow sphere, in exiguum angustumque concludere (e. g., friendship, Cicero, Off., 1, 17, 53, Beier. ) : to restrain an orator within narrow limits, oratorem in exiguum gyrum compellere (Cicero, De Or., 3, 19, 70) : to restrain one’s speech, orationem finire or in angustias compellere (opposed to oratio exsultare potest) : to restrain one’s self, certos fines terminosque constituere sibi, extra quos egredi non possis : to restrain one’s self to anything, se continere re or in re (of things and persons). To be restrained, certarum rerum cancellis circumscriptum esse : to restrain one’s self ( = contain one’s self), se tenere, sustinere, cohibere, coercere : to be hardly able to restrain one’s self from doing anything, vix se continere posse, quin, etc. : vix temperare sibi posse, quin, etc. To restrain one’s laughter, risum tenere, continere ; one’s tears, lacrimas tenere, continere lacrimis temperare (Cicero) ; lacrimas cohibere (Plinius) ; fletum reprimere (Cicero) ; one’s tongue, linguam comprimere (Plautus) ; continere (Cicero) ; one’s wrath, iracundiam cohibere (Cicero) ; one’s hands, eyes, etc., manus, oculos cohibere (ab aliqua re). || To repress, coercere : continere : cohibere : frenare : refrenare (to hold in check ; all with accusative) : inhibere (to stop) : comprimere (to suppress) : reprimere : supprimere (to repress) : obviam ire alicui rei (to take preventive measures). To restrain the ardor of youth, juventutem refrenare or coercere : to restrain one’s passions, cupiditates coercere, continere, comprimere ; cupiditatibus imperare. To restrain by severe laws, vincire aliquid severis legibus : circumscribere (to restrict anybody ; e. g., in his liberty, manner of life, etc. ) : in angustum deducere (reduce to a narrow compass ; e. g., perturbationes, Cicero) : moderari : temperare : modum facere alicui rei (to put a limit or bounds to anything). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) cohibere et continere : reprimere et coercere. Vid. also, To COMPEL.
RESTRAINT, coërcitio : vis (force) : necessitas (restraint imposed by necessity) : moderatio : temperatio (of things). To do anything from restraint, vi coactus aliquid facio : to use restraint with anybody, aliquem vi cogere ; aliquem per vim adigere : to use restraint, vim adhibere. Without any restraint, non vi coactus : the right of restraint over anybody, coërcitio in aliquem (vid. Suetonius, Oct., 45).
RESTRICT, circumscribere : moderari, temperare, modum facere alicui rei (to set a measure to anything) : coercere (to keep within limits or bounds ; to keep in check) : reprimere (to bring back to its former limits). To restrict to anything, temperare aliquid aliqua re : to restrict anybody, aliquem coercere, continere, circumscribere (in his liberty, mode of living, etc. ) : aliquem parce habere, aliquem arte colere (in diet ; the latter, Sallustius, Jug., 85, 35) : in breve tempus conjicere aliquem (in time, Terentius, Hec., 5, 4, 2). To restrict one’s self, parce vivere, sumtus circumcidere, modum facere sumtibus, impensas corripere (in respect of expense ; the latter, Suetonius, Tib., 34) : modeste, or continenter, or sobrie vivere ; se cohibere (in one’s mode of living).
RESTRICTION, moderatio : temperatio (of a thing : Cf., not conscriptio and restrictio in this sense) : with a restriction, cum or sub exceptione (with an exception, conditionally ; Cf., not circumscripte in this sense) : parce (sparingly). With the restriction that, etc., ita quidem, ut, etc.
RESTRICTIVE, By the verbs.
RESULT, s., eventus (a consequence) : exitus (an issue). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) eventus atque exitus ; exitus eventusque ; emolumentum (advantage, profit). A fortunate result, proventus secundus ; proventus (vid. commentators on Cæsar, B. G., 7, 29) : with a result, non frustra (not in vain) : prospere (fortunately) : without result, frustra ; nequidquam or in cassum : to be without result, irritum or frustra esse ; ad irritum cadere ; secus cadere : to have a good result, succedere ; bene or prospere cedere ; prospere evenire : not to doubt of the good result of a measure, rem confici posse non diffidere : to have the desired result, optabilem exitum habere ; ex sententia evenire : to have not the desired r., haud bene, minus prospere evenire. To have a fortunate result, felicem exitum habere ; prospere, feliciter evenire : to have a remarkable result, notabili exitu concludi : to foretel the result, de exitu divinare : to know the result, scire quos eventus res sit habitura. I fear the result, hæc quo sint raptura timeo ; quorum hoc evasurum sit vereor.
RESULT, v., sequi, consequi (to follow upon) : evenire (to fall out as a consequence) : manare, fluere, proficisci (to proceed from), with ex.
RESUME, resumere
: recipere (to take again) : denuo incipere : repetere : redintegrare, revocare (to begin again).
RESUMPTION, By the verbs.
RESURRECTION, resurrectio mortuorum (Lactantius, to be retained as a technical term) : excitatio a mortuis, revocatio in vitam do not meet the Christian notion. “I am the resurrection and the life: ” Kraft gives ego sum vitæ æternæ auctor et parens ; but, in quoting the Bible, the literal interpretation must be kept, which is by no means adequately expressed by the substitute recommended. “The Resurrection at the last day” dies, quo in vitam redibunt mortui (Kraft) ; better * dies, quo corpora hominum in vitam redibunt ; * dies quo Deus jubebit manes (better corpora) exire ex sepulcris (after Ovidius, Met., 7, 206). “The day of our Lord’s resurrection, ” * dies Christo a morte redeunti sacer.
RESUSCITATE, revocare aliquem a morte ad vitam : revocare aliquem ab inferis or a mortuis : mortuum ab inferis excitare (Cicero).
RESUSCITATION, excitatio a mortuis : revocatio in vitam.
RETAIL, s., mercatura tenuis (general term for a business in a small way). A retail shop (for cloth), * taberna, in qua panni ad ulnam venduntur (Cicero, Off., 1, 42, 151).
RETAIL, v., divendere : distrahere : ad ulnam vendere (of stuffs, etc. ) : mercaturam tenuem facere (after Cicero) : promiscua et vilia mercari (Tacitus, Germ., 5).
RETAILER, qui (quæ) tenuem mercaturam facit, or * merces minutim divendit ; in the Roman sense, also, caupo, propola ; institor (a hawker).
RETAIN, || To keep, servare : conservare (to keep, preserve, not lose ; opposed to rejicere) : alicujus rei detrimentum facere nullum, nullam facere in aliqua re jacturam (not suffer or sustain a loss ; e. g., in one’s credit or authority, consequently to retain it) : to retain anybody, aliquem tenere or retinere (not allow him to go) : hospitio aliquem excipere or accipere (to take or keep him under one’s roof, etc) : cœnæ adhibere (at a meal) : to retain a custom [vid., CUSTOM] : to retain the magistracy, manere in magistratu (opposed to magistratu abire). To retain its color, * colorem servare or retinere. || To keep in pay (e. g., soldiers, etc. ), alere (milites, exercitum) : mercede conducere (to hire ; e. g., milites) : mercede arcessere (of soldiers from a different or foreign country, e. g., Germanos ; vid. Cæsar, B. G., 1, 31, init. ).
RETAINER, ||One who retains, by circumlocution with the verbs in To RETAINE. || One that is retained in anybody’s pay [Vid. DOMESTIC. ] || A follower, assectator, assecla (assectator in a good, assecla in a bad sense : vid. CREATURE). || The retainers of anybody (i. e., his hangers on), qui faciunt or sentiunt cum aliquo ; qui stant cum or ab aliquo : our retainers, nostri : qui nobiscum stant : he can depend or reckon on those that are his retainers, habet certos sui studiosos. If = Client, vid. || A fee to secure counsel for a trial, arrha or arrhăbo (Plautus, and Gaj. Dig. ).
RETAKE, resumere : recipere. To retake anything, alicui aliquid auferre.
RETALIATE, Vid. To REQUITE.
RETALIATION, circumlocution by the verbs. The law of retaliation, jus injuriam illatam ulciscendi ; * jus talionis (technical term). In retaliation for, ut ulcisceretur (ulciscerentur, etc. ).
RETARD, Vid. DELAY, HINDER.
RETCH, nausea segnis et sine exitu torquet aliquem , quæ bilem movet nec effundit (Seneca, Ep., 53) : * nausea segni et sine exitu torqueri.
RETENTION, retentio (as act of retaining). If = Memory, vid.
Retention of urine, stranguria (στραγγουρία, also δυσπυρία, used by Cicero, Attic., 10, 10, 3, as a Greek word ; in later writers it stands as a Latin expression ; the pure Latin, however, is urinæ tormina, neuter, or urinæ difficultas or angustiæ.
RETENTIVE, by circumlocution with the verbs in To RETAIN. A retentive memory, memoria bona (Cicero, Att. ), tenax : a more retentive memory, memoria melior (Cicero) : a very retentive one, tenacissima (Quintilianus) : to have a retentive memory, memoria valere, vigere. If preceded by “so” – (that), tantus. Anybody had so retentive a memory, that, alicui memoria tauta fuit, ut, etc. (e. g., Hortensio, Cicero).
RETENTIVENESS, by circumlocution with the verbs in To RETAIN.
RETICLE, reticulum.
RETICULAR,
RETICULATED, reticulatus.
RETINA, * retina (technical term).
RETINUE, comitatus, -ûs : comites (plural) : stipatio : assectatorum turba (large retinue, great number of followers). Vid. also, RETAINERS.
RETIRE, || Properly, recedere (general term) : migrare, emigrare, demigrare (ex) loco, in locum (to remove from, etc. ) : migrare, emigrare domo or e domo (to remove from a dwelling) : secedere in locum (to separate and withdraw to another place ; vid. Livius, 2, 32, sq. ). To retire out of sight, abdere se in locum (rarely with a dative). || Figuratively, a republica recedere or se sevocare : a negotiis publicis se removere : de foro decedere. To retire entirely from public business, ab omni parte reipublicæ se subtrahere (gradually) : a negotiis publicis se removere ad otiumque perfugere : to retire from life (i. e., to die), de præsidio et statione vitæ decedere ; (from an office) abdicare munus (which, however, is rare) or (more commonly) se munere ; abire (magistratu or honore) ; abscedere munere (Livius 9, 3) : magistratum deponere.
RETIRED, solitarius (of places or persons). A retired life, vita solitaria : to lead a retired life, vitam solitariam agere (in solitude) : in solitudine or secum vivere ; lucem conventumque hominum vitare (Cicero) ; tempus solum in secreto terere (Livius) ; vitam agere segregem (Seneca, Benef., 4, 18, 2) ; habeo or ago vitam procul a republica (not a public or political life) : a retired place, locus desertus (opposed to locus celeber) ; solitudo ; locus ab arbitris remotus (Cicero).
RETIREMENT, || Act of retiring, by the verbs.
Retirement from office, abdicatio muneris. || Retired place, solitudo : locus desertus ; locus ab arbitris remotus (Cicero). || Retired state or life, solitudo : vita solitaria ; otium (freedom from business, leisure). A person living in retirement in the country, solitarius homo et in agro vitam agens : to live in retirement, vitam solitariam agere (in solitude) : habere or agere ætatem procul a republica (far from political life) : to spend one’s youth in retirement, juventutem procul a cœtu hominum agere : to withdraw into retirement, vitam solitudini mandare ; a turba in otium et solitudinem se conferre (to go into solitude) : a negotiis publicis se removere ; de foro decedere (to withdraw from political life).
RETORT, v., referre : remittere : rejicere : regerere (retorquere ; e. g., crimen, argumentum, late). An argument that can be easily retorted, contrarium genus argumentations (Quintilianus, but not Cicero, ; vid. Ern., Lex.
Rhetoricum).
RETORT, s., || A reply, responsum : responsio ; or rather by the verbs. || A chemical vessel, * vas chemicum curvo collo (Kraft) ; perhaps * lagena curvi colli (Gorenz. ).
RETOUCH, retractare aliquid (Cicero, with the accessory notion of improving it) : emendare (to amend) : recudere (carmen, Muret. ) : refingere (orationem, Wolf. ) : in several places, crebris locis inculcare et reficere (Cicero). To retouch a picture, picturam jam evanescentem vetustate coloribus iisdem, quibus fuerat, renovare (to freshen an old painting) : nova pictura interpolare opus (to put on fresh colors here and there).
RETRACE, revocare : referre. To retrace one’s steps, recedere : reverti : se referre : redire : to retrace in memory, memoria repetere aliquid ; memoriam alicujus rei repetere.
RETRACT, dicta retractare (Vergilius) ; revocare (post-Augustan, in this sense) : perhaps aliquid, ut indictum sit revocare velle (after Livius). Vid.
RECANT.
RETRACTATION, Cf., not retractatio or revocatio in this sense : use the verbs. (Cicero, uses παλινῳδία in Greek characters in his epistles ; e. g., Att., 7, 7. ) RETREAT, s., || Act of retiring, abitus : discessus : receptus (of soldiers). To sound a retreat, receptui canere : to stipulate for a safe retreat, ut incolumibus abire liceat pacisci : the signal for retreat, receptui signum : revocatio a bello (Cicero, Phil., 13, 7, 15) : to provide the means of retreat, receptui sibi consulere (Cæsar, B, C, 3, 11) : to lose the means of retreat, receptum amittere (Pomp. ap. Cicero) : the retreat being difficult, haud facili inde receptu (Livius) : let us cut off all the means of retreat, that our only hope may be in victory, nos omnium rerum respectum præterquam victoriæ nobis abscindamus (Livius, 9, 23). || Place of retirement, solitudo : locus ab arbitris remotus : (as a refuge) refugium : perfugium : respectus (properly, place to which one may look back, and fall back upon ; place of refuge, Cicero, Livius) : (for pleasure) secessus, -ûs.
RETREAT, v., (of troops) se recipere : se referre (not common) : referre pedem (Cf., but noi retrahere pedem, which is poetical) : referre gradum (of retreating from actual engagement). To retreat in excellent order, quietissime se recipere (Cæsar) : to retreat to the camp, se recipere ad castra (Livius), in castra (Cæsar) ; se referre in castra (Nepos).
RETRENCH, circumscribere : finire : coercere : reprimere : modum
facere alicui rei. To retrench expenses, sumtus circumcidere (Livius) ; sumtus contrahere, minuere ; parce vivere (Cicero). RETRENCHMENT, By the verbs.
RETRIBUTION, remuneratio (in a good sense) : gratia (in a good or bad sense) : præmium : merces (reward, recompense ; merces also in a bad sense) : or by the verbs ; e. g., par pari referre : rependere : referre gratiam. In a good sense = Reward, which see. To exact a severe retribution, ulcisci injuriam ab aliquo illatam.
RETRIEVE, Vid.
RECOVER, REPAIR.
RETROGRADE, adjective, ||Properly, retrogradus (Plinius) ; usually by the adverb, retro, retrorsum. To have a retrograde motion, recedere (opposed to adire ; of the planets) : to make a retrograde movement, se recipere ; pedem referre : a retrograde motion, regressus (opposed to progressus, Cicero, N. D., 2, 20, 51 ; of the planets) : recessus (opposed to accessus). || Figuratively, irritus : vanus.
RETROGRADE, v., || Properly, To go back, retrogradi (Plinius) : retroire (Seneca) : se recipere ; pedem referre (to retire, give ground). || Figuratively, To decline, vid.
RETROSPECT, respectus, -ûs (act of looking back) : præteritorum recordatio (opposed to exspectatio reliquorum, the prospect before us ; Cicero, Brut., 76, 266). To take a retrospect of, respicere aliquid.
RETROSPECTIVE, To be retrospective, or have a retrospective effect (of a law), in præteritum valere : not to have a retrospective effect, perhaps * in posterum valere.
RETURN, || Transitively, To give back, reddere (general term) : restituere (to restore the same thing) : remittere (to send back) : redhibere (to return a purchase that is imperfect, etc., in which sense reddere or reddere aliquid unde emtum est is also, found : Cf., redhibere also = to take back) . || To repay, requite, referre aliquid : respondere alicui rei (in an equal degree) : remunerari aliquid (as a remuneration). To return like for like, par pari respondere or referre (Cf., not pro pari ; vid. Bentl. Ter., Eun., 3, 1, 55) : parem gratiam referre alicui (Terentianus, Eun., 4, 4, 51) : to return a salutation, salutem referre : to return the affection of anyone, alicujus amori respondere (Cf., redamare is used only once by Cicero, Læl., 14, 49 ; and that with the addition of “ut ita dicam;” it should, therefore, not be employed in composition) : to return kindnesses, beneficia reddere ; beneficiis respondere (with services) : officiis beneficia remunerari (Cicero, post-Red., in Sen., 12, 30) : to return a present (by giving one similar), aliquem remunerari quam simillimo munere : I will return this favor if you require it, and even without your requiring it, reddam vicem, si reposces ; reddam et si non reposces (Plinius, Ep., 2, 9, 6). || To reply, respondere, to anything, alicui rei : referre : reponere (to answer an objection) : subjicere (to answer immediately) : the shout was returned by others, clamor exceptus est ab aliis. || To give in an official account of one’s property, etc., profiteri. ||Intransitively, To come or go back, redire (to be on the way back or home) : reverti (to turn back) : reducem esse (of a happy return from a distant country, captivity, etc. ) : revenire (to come back ; opposed to advenire) : recurrere (hastily) : revolare (still stronger, to fly back). To order anybody to return, aliquem revocare ; aliquem repetere (urgently) : to return to any place, aliquo reverti or redire ; aliquem locum repetere (to a place where one used to be) : remigrare (to a place where one lived before ; e. g., Romam).
RETURN, s., || A coming back, reditio : reditus.
Return home, reditus domum.
Return of a disorder [vid.
RELAPSE]. || A giving back, restitutio (Pand. ; not redditio) : By the verbs. In return, vicissim. || Requital, remuneratio (absolutely, Cicero, Off., 2, 20, 69 ; benevolentiæ, Cicero, Læl., 14, 49) ; or by a by circumlocution with referre (for relatio occursonly Seneca, Ep., 74, 13, and De Benef., 5, 11, 1, sq., in the expression relatio gratiæ ; i. e., a returning of thanks by an act). || Profit, produce, fetus : proventus (of the soil) : fructus (general term, that which a thing produces, in fruits, money, etc. ) : quæstus (gain) : reditus : vectigal (income from a thing) : merces (rent).
Returns from estates, fructus, quem prædia reddunt ; prædiorum mercedulæ (in money) : prædiorum proventus (in fruils) : quod ex aliqua re refectum est (cf. Livius, 35, 1 ; Papinius, Digests, 26, 7, 39, 8) : some clear return still comes to the proprietor of the land (sc. after deducting tithes, etc. ), puri atque reliqui aliquid ad dominum pervenit (Cicero, Verr., 3, 86, 200) : to yield or produce return, fructum ferre ; fructum edere ex se ; fetum edere : the vineyards yield an abundant return, uberrimus est vinearum reditus : this estate makes an excellent return, hic fundus est fructuosissimus ; hic ager efficit plurimum. There is a return for the outlay, impensam ac sumtum factum in culturam, fructus reficit (Varro, R.
R., 1, 2, 8). || Report of property, etc., (under an income tax), professio (with or without bonorum).
REUNION, || Act of rejoining, by circumlocution by the verbs in UNITE, with iterum or rursus. || Reconciliation, reconciliatio.
REUNITE, || To rejoin (transitively or intransitively, by verbs in JOIN or UNITE, with iterum or rursus. || To reconcile, reconciliare.
REVEAL, detegere : retegere (the proper words ; opposed to tegere, contegere : to reveal secrets, crimes, etc. ) : aperire (discover : also of secrets, crimes, etc. ) : patefacere (open what was before concealed ; rem, odium, etc. ) : in medium proferre, or proferre only (to make anything generally known ; in a good sense). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) proferre et patefacere : enunciare, evulgare, divulgare (to declare publicly what ought not to be declared at all, or, at all events, only to confidential persons) : manifestum facere (Cf., manifestare never occurs in good prose) : cum hominibus communicare (to reveal ; of God : ecclesiastical, revelare) : prodere (to betray).
Revealed religion, * religio divinitus patefacta or cum hominibus communicata : to be revealed, patefieri : patescere : to reveal itself suddenly, e tenebris erumpere (Cicero).
REVEL, v., || Properly, comissari. [Vid. also, CAROUSE. ] || Figuratively, To delight, vid.
REVEL, s., comissatio. Vid. CAROUSAL.
REVELATION, || Act of revealing ; by circumlocution with the verbs. || A discovery, vid. A divine revelation, visum a Deo missum. || Revealed religion, * religio divinitus patefacta or cum hominibus communicata. || The Apocalypse, Apocalypsis (technical term).
REVELLER, comissator.
REVENGE, s., vindicta (as an act of justice) : ultio (as an act of anger) : talio (as an act of retaliation) : pœna (satisfaction by punishment inflicted) : ulciscendi cupiditas (the spirit of revenge) : ira : iracundia (anger, wrath). To take revenge on anybody, expetere pœnas ab aliquo or in aliquem : a spirit of revenge, ulciscendi cupiditas. To glut one’s revenge ; vid. To GLUT.
REVENGE, v., ulcisci aliquem or aliquid : vindicare aliquem or aliquid : persequi alicujus pœnas, or, post-Augustan, exsequi aliquem : pœnas capere pro aliquo or alicujus rei : punire aliquid. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) ulcisci et punire. [For SYN., vid.
REVENGE, s. ] To revenge anybody’s death, alicujus mortem (or necem) ulcisci, or vindicare, or persequi : to revenge anybody by the blood of his murderer, alicui or alicujus manibus sanguine alicujus parentare (Herzog, Cæs., B. G., 7, 17, extr. ) : to revenge one’s self on anybody, ulcisci or persequi alicujus injurias ; ulcisci aliquem pro acceptis injuriis (never ulcisci aliquem alone in this meaning) : vindicare in aliquem ; pœnas petere or repetere ab aliquo : one’s self on anybody for anything, or to revenge a person (by punishing him who wronged him), ulcisci aliquem pro aliqua re or pro aliquo (the person punished, in the accusative) : vindicare aliquid ab aliquo (to visit anything upon anybody) : pœnas alicujus or alicujus rei repetere ab aliquo.
REVENGEFUL, ulciscendi cupidus (in a single case) : qui nullam injuriam inultam atque impunitam dimittit (that is of a revengeful disposition).
REVENGER, ultor or vindex alicujus, or alicujus rei : punitor alicujus rei (one who revenges anybody or anything. SYN. in REVENGE, s) : ultor injuriarum : punitor doloris (one who avenges himself for injury or wrong done).
REVENUE, vectigal : vectigalia (whether public or private income ; in Cicero, frequently in the latter sense ; vid. Off. 2, 25, 88 ; Parad., 6, 3) : reditus (always in the singular ; that which comes in, return) : fructus (returns yielded by a thing, as by an estate, etc. ) : pecunia : reditus pecuniæ (income in ready money). Public revenue, fructus publici (Tacitus, Ann., 4, 6, 3 : if consisting of money, pecuniæ vectigales) : revenue from mines, pecunia : quæ redit ex metallis ; pecuniæ, quas facio ex metallis : from estates, prædiorum fructus ; fructus, quem prædia reddunt : to have or derive revenue from anything, pecunias facere or capere ex re : to furnish revenue, in reditu esse : a fixed revenue, statum reditum præstare (Plinius, Ep., 3, 19, 5) : the expenditure exceeds the revenue, reditum impendia exsuperant.
REVERBERATE, resonare : voci respondere (return an echo) : turres septem acceptas voces numerosiore repercussu multiplicant (Plinius, 36, 15, 23 ; cause to reverberate) : vastis saltibus clamor repercutitur (Curtius 3, 10, 12 ; reverberates).
REVERBERATION, resonantia (Vitruvius, 5, 3, 5) : sonus relatus (Cicero) : vox reddita (Livius), repercussa (Tacitus). There is a reverberation, soni referuntur (Cicero, N. D., 2, 57, 144).
REVERE, venerari : colere : observare. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) colere et observare. Cf., Cicero uses venerari only with reference to divine worship, or that which is allied to it ; observare only of reverence toward men ; colere of both : observare has respect rather to the feeling of reverence ; colere to the act.
REVERENCE, s., reverentia : verecundia : veneratio : admiratio. [SYN. in AWE. ] || As a title, * vir reverendus.
REVERENCE, v., Vid.
REVERE.
REVEREND, venerabilis : venerandus : reverendus (venerable, deserving of respect) : gravis : augustus (especially with reference to outward dignity). || As a title, * reverendus ; when prefixed to a name, add vir ; e. g., the Rev. A. B., vir reverendus A. B. ; so likewise, Rev. Sir, * vir reverende.
REVERENT, reverens (Tacitus, Plinius) : verecundus (of the habit or disposition).
REVERENTLY, reverenter (Tacitus, Plinius, Suetonius) : verecunde.
REVERIE, somnium (vigilantis).
REVERSAL, (of a judgement), destructio sententiæ (opposed to confirmatio, Quintilianus, 10, 5, 12) : rei judicata infirmatio (Cicero).
REVERSE, s., || Change, vicis, vices : vicissitudo : commutatio. [SYN. in ALTERATION. ]
Reverse of fortune, fortunæ vicissitudo : to suffer a reverse of fortune, alteram fortunam experiri. || Opposite, contrarium. To do the very reverse, contra facere (Cf., not contrarium facere) : my opinion is the very reverse, ego contra puto (Cicero) ; mini contra videtur (Sallustius, Jug., 85, 1) : to maintain the reverse, in contrariam, in oppositam, ire or discedere sententiam ; contra dicere : whether he is happy or the reverse, utrum felix sit an contra. || The contrary to the obverse in a coin, pars aversa.
REVERSE, v., || To alter, change, mutare : immutare : invertere : variare. [SYN. and PHR. in ALTER] || To overthrow, rumpere : evertere : abolere. To reverse a judgement, judicum rem judicatam irritam facere (Cicero, Phil., 11, 5, 11) : to seek to reverse a judgement, rem judicatam labefactare conari.
REVERSION, || Act of reversing, by the verbs, or by substantive in REVERSE. || (In law), spes muneris : * spes succedendi (with reference to an office) : * spes hereditatis : pecunia morte alicujus ad quempiam perventura (after Cicero, Top., 6, 29 ; with reference to the future inheritance of an office). to promise anybody the reversion of an office, * spem succedendi alicui facere.
REVERT, redire : reverti : revenire. SYN. and PHR. in RETURN.
REVIEW, s., recensio : recensus (the former as action ; the latter as state) : lustratio (celebration of the lustrum) : recognitio (an inspecting, Livius, Suetonius). To hold a review, recensum agere : to pass in review, transvehi (of the cavalry ; the action, transvectio equitum) : transire (of infantry).
REVIEW, v., recensere : recensum alicujus agere (to go through singly, in order to satisfy one’s self of the proper nature, number, etc. ; e. g., of troops, the Senate, the people) : inspicere (to inspect ; e. g., the legions, etc. ; cf. Livius, 41, 6, arma, viros, equos cum cura inspicere) : numerum alicujus (to take the numbers) : aliquid recensere et numerum inire (Cæsar, B. G., 7, 76) : lustrare (to make the solemn review, national and religious, every five years by the censor ; and with the army, by a general, every time that he came to the army, or at his departure out of his province, or before a battle) : to review a book, * libri censuram scribere ; * libri alicujus argumentum recensere atque judicium de eo ferre (Wyttenback).
REVIEWER (of a book), * censor : * judex doctus, literatus : * novi (-orum) libri (-orum) censuram (-as) scribens (Wyttenback).
REVILE, convicium alicui facere : aliquem conviciis consectari, incessere : alicui maledicere : aliquem maledictis insectari : maledicta in aliquem dicere, conferre, conjicere : probris et maledictis aliquem vexare : maledictis or probris aliquem increpare : maledictis aliquem figere : contumeliosis verbis aliquem prosequi REVILER, maledicus. Or by the verbs.
REVILING, adjective, contumeliosus : probrosus (of persons or language) : maledicus (only of persons).
REVILING, s., maledictum : convicium : probrum. SYN. in ABUSE.
REVISAL,
REVISION, recognitio (a reconsidering, reviewing). Or by the verbs : retractatio (Augustin). κυρικιμασαηικο
REVISE, percensere : recensere (to sit in judgement on anything critically) : corrigere (to correct it) : retractare : recognoscere (to go through it again to remove what faults may remain). To revise and enlarge, crebris in locis inculcare et reficere (Cicero). All carefully revised and collated, omnia summa cura recognita et collata (Cicero). REVISIT, revisere : iterum visere or invisere.
REVIVAL, renovatio. Usually by the verbs.
REVIVE, || Transitively, Properly [Vid.
RESUSCITATE].
Revived ; i. e., restored to life, not redivivus, but ab inferis excitatus or revocatus. Figuratively, vires reficere (bodily strength or vigor) : animum reddere, renovare, excitare (to give fresh courage or spirits). || Intransitively, reviviscere (properly ; then figuratively, to recover ; of persons and things) : ad vitam redire (to come to life again) : se colligere, se or animum recipere, respirare et se recipere, ad se redire (to recover one’s self ; of persons).
REVOCATION, revocatio. Usually by the verbs.
REVOKE, revocare (general term) : tollere (the proper word ; e. g., of an office, a law, a command, a judgement, friendship) : abolere (vid. hist., not to suffer to be any longer valid, to abolish, abrogate) : abrogare (to revoke, by authority of the people, a law, a decree ; also an office) : derogare legi or aliquid de lege (to revoke part of a law ; but derogare is sometimes used with an accusative for abrogare ; vid. Ochsn., Cic., Ecl., p. 85) : abrogare legi (to repeal one law by another, or at least to deprive it of its full force) : inducere (to strike out, cancel ; e. g., a degree, contract) : solvere, dissolves, resolvere (to dissolve) : rescindere (to render invalid ; e. g., ordinances, contracts).
REVOLT, s., defectio (abaliquo) : rebellio : rebellium (resumption of hostilities by a conquered party, or one who has been compelled to maintain peace). To attempt or plan a revolt, defectionem moliri, attentare.
REVOLT, v., rebellare : rebellionem facere (to renew a war, to rise again ; of a vanquished people) : seditionem movere (general term to raise a disturbance) : imperium auspiciumque abnuere (to refuse obedience ; of soldiers, Livius, 27, 27). To revolt against anyone, resistere alicui (to oppose) : imperium alicujus detrectare (to refuse obedience to) : deficere ab aliquo or ab alicujus imperio, desciscere ab aliquo (to fall off from).
REVOLTER, defector (Tacitus) : rebellis (Vergilius, Ovidius) ; rebellans. [SYN. in REVOLT. ] Or by circumlocution.
REVOLUTION, || Rotation, circular motion, circumactio : circumactus : ambitus (solis) : Cf., not revolutio, which is very late ; Augustinus. || Change in a state or government, rerum publicarum commutatio or conversio : rerum mutatio : res commutatæ : civilis pertuibatio, seditio (tumult, disorder). To seek or endeavor to effect a revolution, res novas quærere or moliri ; novis rebus studere ; rerum evertendarum cupidum esse : to promote disturbances and revolutions in a state, novos motus conversionesque reipublicæ quærere.
REVOLUTIONARY, rerum evertendarum cupidus : rerum mutationis cupidus : rerum commutandarum cupidus : rerum novarum cupidus or molitor (all of persons) : seditiosus (of persons or things ; e. g., voces, colloquia). A revolutionary temper, ingenium ad res evertendas or commutandas proclive (after Terentius, Andr., 1, 1, 51) : to hold revolutionary language in the clubs, seditiosa per cœtus disserere (Tacitus, Ann., 3, 40, 3).
REVOLUTIONISTS, homines rerum commutandarum cupidi (Cicero) : rerum novarum molitores (Suetonius) : rerum mutationis cupidi (Cicero). Or by circumlocution with rebus novis studere ; res novare.
REVOLUTIONIZE, || To overthrow a government by violence, rerum publicarum statum violenter commutare, perturbare, or evertere (after Cicero). || To excite men to an uproar, tumult, cives ad res novas sollicitare, stimulare, incendere.
REVOLVE, || Transitively, revolvere : circumagere : circumvertere. To revolve a thing in one’s mind, rem secum animo volvere (Livius) ; consilium animo volutare (Curtius) ; rem in corde versare (Plautus) ; cogitare or meditari de aliqua re [Vid., also, CONSIDER. ] || Intransitively, se revolvere : revolvi (of stars, seasons, years) : circumvolutari (Plinius) : circumagi : se circumagere : circumferri : circumverti (of wheels, the heavenly bodies, etc. ) : in orbem circumagi or se circumvolvere.
REWARD, s., || The act
of rewarding, remuneratio, for anything, alicujus rei (a repaying). || A thing given as a reward, præmium : pretium (Cf., præmium is a prize that confers distinction on the receiver, as a reward ; opposed to pœna ; whereas pretium is a price for the discharge of a debt, as a payment) : honos (reward of honor) : merces (pay for services performed) : fructus (produce of pains and exertion : Cf., præmiolum, common in modern writers, is without authority). To give or receive a reward [vid.
REWARD, v. ] : to expect a reward for one’s services from anyone, pretium meriti ab aliquo desiderare : to propose a reward for anything, præmium alicujus rei proponere.
REWARD, v., præmium alicui dare, tribuere, persolvere : præmium alicui deferre : præmio aliquem afficere, donare (general term to give a reward) : præmio aliquem ornare or decorare (to distinguish by a reward) : remunerari aliquem præmio (to remunerate by a reward). To reward with money, præmia rei pecuniariæ alicui tribuere : to reward richly, præmium alicui dare amplissimum ; amplis præmiis aliquem afficere : to reward merit, virtutem honorare : to reward one according to his desert, meritum præmium alicui persolvere : to be rewarded, præmium consequi ; præmio donari : for anything, præmium or fructum alicujus rei capere, percipere, ferre : by anyone, fructus alicujus rei ferre ex aliquo : I consider myself richly rewarded, magnum rei fructum percepisse videor.
RHAPSODICAL, interruptus (unconnected, of style, etc. ) : dissipatus (rambling ; of a speaker). RHAPSODIST, qui poetarum carmina pronuntiat (Quintilianus, 12, 3, 1). RHAPSODY, carmen (Lucretius, 6, 9, 38) : rhapsodia (a name given to each of the books of Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey) : farrago (a medley) : cento (a compilation ; Isidor. ) : opus in breve tempus refectum (a light composition). RHETORIC, rhetorica or rhetorice ; oratoria sc. ars (Quintilianus) : ars orandi, or bene dicendi scientia : To write on rhetoric, de oratoribus scribere.
RHETORICAL, rhetoricus.
Rhetorical embellishment, cultus : ornatus : dicendi, or orationis cultus, or ornatus : dicendi, or orationis, or verborum lumina (any conspicuous rhetorical embellishment) : quasi verborum sententiarumque insignia (with reference to expression and thought) : fucus, pigmenta orationis (of ambitious ornaments used with bad taste). RHETORICALLY, rhetorice.
RHETORICIAN, rhetoricus : rhetor.
RHEUM, gravedo : catarrhus : destillatio (narium). Vid. CATARRH.
RHEUMATIC, rheumaticus (Plinius). RHEUMATISM, rheumatismus (Plinius). RHINOCEROS, rhinoceros (Plinius). RHOMB, rhombus (Frontin. ) RHOMBOIDAL, rhomboides (Frontin. ). RHUBARB, radix Pontica (Celsus ; rha in very late writers ; Ammianus) : * rheum rhaponticum (Linnæus). RHYME, s., * extremorum verborum similis sonitus.
Rhymes, versuum clausulæ inter se consonantes (vid. Quintilianus, 9, 3, 45) : bad rhymes, * extrema verba non bene consonantia : verses in rhyme, * versus extremis verbis in se consonantes ; * versus qui extremis verbis similiter sonant. Cf., Avoid such expressions as versus similiter desinentes or cadentes ; for Cicero employs the phrases similiter desinere or cadere only to denote the similar fall or termination of periods ; vid. Cicero, De Or., 3, 54, 206. I see neither rhyme nor reason in this, * hæc quomodo inter se cohæreant, non intelligo.
RHYME, || Intransitively, * in eundem sonum exire : * extremis verbis inter se consunare. || Transitively, * facere ut versus cum antecedente consonet extremis verbis.
RHYMER, versincator (Quintilianus, Justinus). RHYTHM, rhythmus (ῥυθμός or, pure Latin, numerus, which Cicero always uses), or numeri (numeros ῥυθμούς accipi volo, Quintilianus). RHYTHMICAL, rhythmicus (ῥυθμικός, Cicero, Quintilianus), or, pure Latin numerosus.
RIB, costa. To break a rib, costam frangere : his rib is quite broken, tota costa perfracta est (Celsus) : to stick a man in the ribs, alicujus latus transfigere, confodere or transfodere gladio (sica, etc. ). || Ribs (of a ship), costæ : statumina (the framework) : the keels and ribs were first made of light timber, carinæ primum ac statumina ex levi materia fiebant. || Ribs (on leaves), foliorum nervulæ (Plinius). || Wife, vid.
RIBALD, obscenus.
RIBALDRY, verborum obscenitas (Cicero). RIBAND, vitta (Vergilius) : tænia : fascia (strip or band of stuff for the forehead or hair) : lemniscus (riband of a garland ; the best word for the riband of an order) ; also, perhaps, by clavus (the purple stripe or stud worn on the tunic of Roman men). To trim with ribands, * clavis, vittis variare, prætexere.
RIBBED, costatus (properly, Varro ; e. g., boves) : nervosus (of plants ; e. g., cauliculi, Plinius).
RICE, oryza. A rice pudding, * pulmentum ex oryza confectum : * puls ex oryza confecta (if soft or fluid) : * oryza cocta (baked).
RICH, || Properly, dives (possessing much money, = pecuniosus ; opposed to pauper) : locuples (far above want ; opposed to egens, egenus) : fortunatus (in good circumstances ; less than dives) : opulentus (wealthy, and thence possessing influence) : copiosus (possessing the necessaries of life in abundance ; opposed to tenuis, exllis) : beatus (possessing abundance of earthly goods ; opposed to mendicus). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) locuples et copiosus : opulentus et copiosus ; locuples et refertus. When there is an especial reference to money, pecuniosus : bene nummatus : argento copiosus (Cicero) : nummis dives (Horatius) : pecuniæ opulentus (Tacitus). Very rich, prædives (Livius) ; perdives, magnis opibus præditus (Cicero) : to be very rich, divitiis diffluere, affluere, abundare ; omnibus rebus ornatum et copiosum esse ; amplissimam possidere pecuniam ; opibus maxime florere ; magnas opes habere ; maximis esse fortunis ; omni rerum abundantia circumfluere : to make rich, locupletare (Cicero) ; ditare (Livius ; but chiefly in the poets) ; opibus, divitiis augere, ornare aliquem ; divitem, opulentum facere aliquem (Cicero) ; pecunia augere aliquem (Tacitus) : to become rich, divitem fieri (Cicero) : ditescere (Horatius, Sat. ) ; ditari, locupletari (Cicero) ; ad divitias pervenire ; opes nancisci (Livius) ; augeri, crescere opibus, divitiis, pecuniis, fortunis (after Cicero). || Figuratively, (1) Having abundance of anything, copiosus : largus : uber : locuples. (2) Abundant, copiosus : largus : plenus : opimus.
Rich presents, munera locupletia, magna (Nepos) ; ampla (Cæsar). || Costly, dives : pretiosus: A rich cloth, pannus auro, argento dives, pretiosus.
RICHES, || Properly, divitiæ (opposed to paupertas ; of a private man) : opes (as a means of influence ; hence of the wealth of nations) : opulentia (power and greatness with good circumstances) : facultates, plural, (means ; private) : fortunæ (goods, in general) : copiæ (plentiful means) : abundantia (affluence) : gazæ (royal treasures). || Figuratively, divitiæ (rarely in this sense) : copia : ubertas : crebritas : abundantia.
RICHLY, large : abunde : copiose : cumulate (Cicero) : liberaliter (Cæsar) ; benigne, prolixe (Terentianus) : very richly, effuse, uberrime (Cicero).
RICHNESS, abundantia : copia (abundance) : ubertas : fertilitas : fecunditas (of the soil : fecunditas also, improperly, of the mind) : or by the adjective.
RICK, acervus : a rick of hay, meta fœni. To make ricks of hay, fœnum exstruere in metas (Columella, 2, 19, 2).
RICKETS, * rachitis : * cyrtonosis.
RICKETY, || Afflicted with rickets, * rachiti laborans. || Weak, crazy, fragilis (not durable) : caducus (inclined to fall or give way) : ruinosus, pronus in ruinam (tottering to a fall).
RID, Vid. CLEAR, DELIVER.
RID, (properly past participle) (1) To get rid of anybody, aliquem amovere, removere, amoliri (general terms) : aliquem ablegare or amandare (by sending him away with some commission or errand). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) aliquem removere atque ablegare (Cicero) : aliquem absolvere, dimittere (by satisfying his demands ; e. g., creditores (Plinius, Ep., 2, 4, 2). To get rid of one’s creditors by giving them security, creditores interventu sponsorum removere. (2) To get rid, or be rid of a thg, solvi aliqua re (to be freed from an obligation, etc. ; e. g., of serving in the army, militia) : liberari aliqua re (to be freed from it) : emergere ex aliqua re (to escape from what one has been, as it were, sunk in ; from difficult circumstances, etc. ) : amoliri : amovere : removere (general terms, to remove ; amoliri, by great exertions). To get rid of one’s debts, ære alieno liberari ; ex ære alieno emergere ; or ære alieno exire : to get rid of expense, sumtum removere.
RIDDANCE, Vid. DELIVERANCE.
RIDDLE, s., || A puzzling question, enigma, ænigma, -atis (Cicero) : griphus (an artificial and puzzling combination of words, used by the Greeks at their entertainments ; the word is employed with reference to Greeks, Gellius, 1, 2, 4 ; Appuleius, Flor. ) : ambages (a dark and obscure expression ; e. g., Livius, 1, 24). To propose a riddle, * aliquem ænigma solvere jubere ; * ænigma alicui interpretandum, explicandum, proponere. To solve a riddle, ænigma solvere (Ruhnken), interpretari, explicare : griphum dissolvere : not to understand a riddle, ænigma non intelligere. || Figuratively, Riddles, verba cæcis latebris obscura
(Ovidius, Met., 1, 388) ; sermones perplexi (Livius, 40, 5). It is all a riddle to me, hoc vero obscurum mihi est ; hoc mihi non liquet ; hoc non intelligo : it is a complete riddle, hoc nemo conjectura assequi potest ; hoc nemini liquet. To speak in riddles, ænigmata loqui (Plinius, Ep., 7, 12). || A coarse sieve, cribrum (carbonarium).
RIDDLE, v., || To sift, cribrare : cribro subcernere.
RIDE, v., || Intransitively, equitare ; equo vehi (general term : Cf., equo or super equo ire is poetical) : equo invehi (to ride into) : equo gestari or vectari (to take exercise on horseback). To teach anybody to ride, aliquem equo docere : to learn to ride, equo doceri : to ride away from a place, avehi or evehi equo : to ride over or thronyh, perequitare (to ride through, ride about ; e. g., per omnes partes) : equo collustrare (to inspect or survey on horseback ; Tacitus, Ann., 3, 45, 3). To ride round, circumequitare or equo circumvehi locum : to ride round between the ranks, interequitare ordines : to ride a horse round, equum agitare (for exercise) : to ride round in a circle, certum equitare in orbem. || To ride at anchor, consistere in ancoris or ad ancoras : stare in ancoris (Livius) : navem in ancoris tenere, or in statione habere (of a pilot or crew ; of whom was also said, in ancoris commorari or exspectare ; the last with dum). || Transitively, equo vehi, invehi, vectari [SYN. above] : equum exercere (for exercise) : equum tentare (for the purpose of trying a horse) : not to bear to be ridden (of a horse), sessorem recusare or non pati.
RIDE, s., equitatio : vectatio (for exercise). To take a ride, equo excurrere ; equo vehi aliquo. Vid. the verb.
RIDER, |M horseman, eques (as distinguished from a pedestrian ; also of a horse-soldier) : sessor (one who is on horseback) : rector (one who guides a horse) : to be a good rider, equo habilem esse (to sit a horse well) : optime equis uti (to manage a horse well) : equitandi peritissimum esse (to be skilful in horsemanship). A horse without a rider, equus sine rectore : to have lost its rider (of a horse), rectorem amisisse. || A clause added, adjunctio.
RIDGE, || Earth thrown up by the plough, porca (earth between narrow furrows) : lira (earth between wide furrows). || The top of a mountain or hill, dorsum, jugum, montis (Cæsar, Livius ; Cf., not tergum collis or montis, which means the back or hinder part of a hill or mountain). || A line or chain of mountains, continuum montium jugum (Tacitus, Germ., 47) ; continuum montium dorsum (Livius, 41, 18) ; montes continui (Horatius Ep. ), perpetui (Livius) : juga velut serie cohærentia (Curtius, 7, 3, 21) ; perpetuo jugo juncti colles (Mela, 1, 5, 3) ; jugum, quod montes perpetuo dorso inter se jungit (Livius, 41, 18) ; continuatio seriesque montium (after Cicero ; vid. Herzog, ad Cæs., B. G., 7, 44).
RIDGE-TILE, imbrex, -icis (Plinius) ; tegula collicialis (Cato, 14, 4).
RIDGY, jugosus (Ovidius) ; or by phrases in RIDGE.
RIDICULE, s., risus (laughter) : ludibrium (mockery, sport) : to excite ridicule, risum movere, concitare : to expose to ridicule, risui, ludibrio, aliquem exponere : a subject of ridicule, ridiculus (-um).
RIDICULE, v., ludere : ludibrio habere : ludificare (to make an object of sport or ridicule) : illudere (to jest upon, amuse one’s self with).
RIDICULOUS, ridiculus : ridendus (Cicero) ; deridiculus : ridicularis (Plautus) : extremely ridiculous, perridiculus (Cicero) : a ridiculous fellow, homo ridiculus (Cicero) ; deridiculus (Plautus) ; caput ridiculum (Terentianus) ; homo perridiculus (Cicero). A ridiculous thing, res ridicula : to be ridiculous, risum movere, concitare. To make anybody ridiculous, ridiculum aliquem facere (Juvenalis) ;risui, ludibrio aliquem exponere : to make one’s self ridiculous ridendum, irridendum se proponere ; risui, irrisui se exponere ; also, risum dare (Horatius) or præbere (Justinus).
RIDICULOUSLY, ridicule. Very ridiculously, perridicule.
RIDING, ||(On horseback), equitatio : vectatio (general terms for being carried; opposed to walking ; vectatio et iter reficiunt animum) : vectatio equi (horse exercise). To give lessons in riding, equo docere alios : to receive them, equo doceri. || A district, ager : territorium.
RIDING-COAT, vestis quam equites gerere consueverunt (after Nepos, Dat., 3, 1) ; lacerna : amiculum.
RIDING-SCHOOL, hippodromus.
RIFE, Vid. COMMON.
RIFLE, v., prædari : spoliare. Vid. PLUNDER.
RIFLE, s., * sclopetum striatum.
RIFLEMAN, * sclopetarius.
RIFT, rima (small) : fissura (large).
RIG, || Properly, navem armare : navigium, navem armamentis instruere. || Figuratively, rebus omnibus instruere or armare.
RIGGING, armamenta (plural ; Cæsar, Livius) ; instrumenta navalia (Livius, 45, 23) ; also simply navalia (Plinius, 16, 11, 21) ; in a narrower sense (of the ropes), rudentes (Cicero). To arrange the ropes, armamenta instruere (Cæsar) or componere (Plautus) ; rudentes disponere (Quintilianus).
RIGHT, adjective || Opposed to left, dexter : the right hand, dextra manus, or simply dextra : the right eye, dexter oculus (Nepos). On the right side, ab dextro latere : on the right hand, ad dextram ; a dextra (Cicero), or simply dextra (Cæsar). To be anybody’s right hand (figuratively), consilio et re ita juvare aliquem, ita adesse alicui, ut opera mea carere non possit ; also, in this sense, Quintus filius, ut scribis, Antonii est dextella (is Antony’s right hand, Cicero, Att., 14, 20, 5 ; a playful expression). || Straight, in a direct line, rectus (e. g., recta linea, rectus angulus). || Agreeable, according to one’s wish, gratus ; commodus ; exoptatus. || Not wrong, fit, suitable, proper, rectus : verus : idoneus : aptus. To take the right road (properly), veram, rectam, ingredi viam : to go the right way (figuratively), rectam, veram, inire viam, rationem, qua perveniam, deducar ad id, quod maxime volo (after Cicero). To set right [vid., RECTIFY, CORRECT]. That is not the right place, non est ille locus quo tendebam : that is not the right book, non est ille liber quem quærebam : to apply the right remedies, apta, efficacia, remedia adhibere morbo : to hit the right nail on the head, rem acu tangere (Plautus). At the right time, opportune, in tempore, in ipso tempore (Cicero) ; ad tempus (Sallustius) ; per tempus (Terentianus). To do anything at the right time, in tempore, opportuno tempore facere aliquid (after Cicero). To come at the right time, in tempore, opportune venire (Cicero) : the right size, measure, justa magnitudo, mensura (Plinius). To make a right use of anything, recte, bene uti aliqua re (Cicero). || True, real, verus (not false) : sincerus, germanus (genuine). The right meaning of a word, vera notio, vis ac potestas, significatio, vocis, verbi. I say this in right earnest, hoc serio, ex animo, dico (after Cicero) : the right ground or reason of anything, vera alicujus rei ratio, causa. || Legitimate, regular, justus ; legitimus. || Just, equitable, æquus ; rectus ; justus. It is right and fair, hoc æquum est et bonum : it is not right, minime convenit : all is not right, fraudis aliquid subest ; hoc monstri simile est (Terentianus). || Not mistaken ; mostly by circumlocution ; e. g., you are right, recte dicis, dixisti ; recte suades ; vera prædicas ; verum dicis ; est ut dicis (after Cicero) ; res ita est ut dixisti (Terentianus) ; recte intelligis (Cicero).
RIGHT,
RIGHTLY, adverb, || Properly, fitly, apte : accommodate. || Truly, not falsely or wrongly, recte ; vere : if I understand rightly, nisi fallor, nisi animus me fallit (Cicero) ; nisi quid me fefellerit (Terentianus). Not to understand rightly, non satis intelligere aliquid. || Fully, completely, accurately, accurate ; probe ; bene ; plane : to hit anything right in the middle, plane medium ferire. I do not rightly comprehend it, non satis, non plane, hoc scio, novi. || Very (with adjectives and adverbs), valde ; admodum ; bene ; also by a superlative, or quam and superlative ; e. g., right often, sæpissime : right willingly, libentissime. || Duly, recte ; rite (formally) : satis (sufficiently) . || With justice or equity, recte ; juste ; bene ; ut par, ut æquum, est ; ut decet. It served you right (colloquial), jure, merito hoc tibi accidit ; non immeritas luis pœnas (after Cicero) ; haud immerito id tibi accidit (Livius).
RIGHT, s., || Liberty, privilege, claim, jus ; potestas ; copia : common rights, jura communia. Wives have the same rights as the husbands, uxores eodem jure sunt quo viri (Cicero). To grant equal rights, in parem juris libertatisque conditionem recipere (Cæsar, B. G., 1, 28) : with right, jure ; non injuria ; nec, neque injuria : with full right, jure optimo (Cf., not summo jure) : recte ac jure ; merito atque optimo jure (Cicero ; Cf., jure, legally ; merito, morally ; recte, logically). To defend or maintain one’s right strenuously, omnia pro suo jure agere ; jus suum sibi eripi non pati ; jus suum tenere, obtinere : to have right to anything, jus ac potestatem alicujus rei habere : to yield one’s right, (de) jure suo decedere (Cicero, Livius) : all have equal rights, æquatum est jus omnium (Livius, 2, 3). All the citizens must have equal rights, jura paria esse debent eorum inter se, qui sunt cives ejusdem civitatis (Cicero, De Rep., 1, 32).
|| That to which one has a legal claim, jus : to give anybody his right, jus suum tribuere alicui ; jus dare, tribuere alicui ; reddere alicui quod jure suo postulare potest.
RIGHTEOUS, || Religious, pious, pius : sanctus : religiosus : pius erga Deum. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) religiosus sanctusque ; sanctus et religiosus. [SYN. in HOLY]. || Upright, justus : æquus : rectus : integer. Over-righteous, nimis sancte pius (Plautus, Rud., 4, 7, 8) : to be righteous, pie Deum colere ; pietatem erga Deum colere.
RIGHTEOUSLY, || Religiously, piously, pie : sancte : religiose. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) pie sancteque ; also, religiossime : sanctissime. || Uprightly, juste : seque : recte : honeste. RIGHTEOUSNESS, || Piety, vid. || Uprightness, justitia : honestas : rectum : integritas.
RIGHTFUL, legitimus : debitus : justus.
RIGHTFULLY, legitime : jure : justo jure ; jure meritoque. (The words are found in this connection and order. ) merito ac jure : jure ac merito.
RIGID, Vid. STIFF, SEVERE.
RIGIDITY, Vid. STIFFNESS, SEVERITY.
RIGIDLY, Vid. STIFFLY, SEVERELY.
RIGOROUS, || With regard to enjoyment, durus. A rigorous mode of living, duritia (relative to abstinence or hard living ; also of hardening the body) : parsimonia victus atque cultus (with reference to abstinence from all luxury). A man of a very rigorous mode of living, vir vita durus : to lead or live a very rigorous life, parce ac duriter vitam agere. || Strict, severe, severus (severe in a moral point of view, as well against one’s self as against others ; then also, of what shows such a character ; opposed to indulgens : clemens ; e. g., judge, judex) ; rigidus (rigid ; e. g., censor, censor ; disinterestedness, innocentia) : (Cf., rigorosus, formed from the French, is a barbarism. ) : acer (literally, sharp; opposed to lenis, mollis ; e. g., judgement, judicium) : acerbus (harsh; opposed to lenis). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) acer et severus ; acerbus et severus : austerus (austere ; e. g., like the Stoics; opposed to comis). Vid. also, SEVERE.
RIGOROUSLY, severe : rigide : acriter : acerbe : austere : diligenter. SYN. in SEVERELY.
RIGOR, || In a physical sense, rigor (e. g., of the cold, frigoris) : asperitas (roughness, asperity ; e. g., of the winter, hiemis) : sævitia (e. g., frigoris hiemis, excessive cold). || In a moral sense, severitas rigor : acerbitas : austeritas : sævitia. SYN. in SEVERITY.
RILL, rivulus : rivus.
RIM, margo (e. g., of a shield, plate, etc. ) : ora (broader than margo) : labrum (e. g., of a ditch) : crepido (a brink, edge). Vid. also, EDGE.
RIME, pruina (gelicidium, Cato ; Cf., gelu is frost, ice, cold).
RIMY, pruinosus.
RIND, cortex (outer) : liber (inner). To be covered with rind, cortice, libro, obduci : to strip off the rind, decorticare (Plinius) ; delibrare (Columella) ; delibrare corticem (Columella).
RING, v., || Transitively, tinnire : to ring at a door, pulsare fores or januam (in the sense of the ancients, who always knocked) : * agitare tintinnabulum forium (in our sense). To ring the bell for anybody, * æris tinnitu aliquem arcessere ; digitis concrepare (to snap with the fingers, as the ancients did, in calling slaves). || Intransitively, tinnire (only properly) : sonare (general term to strike the ear). The ears ring, aures tinniunt. κυρικιμασαηικο RING, s., || A circle, orbis : circulus. A ring round the moon, halo (Seneca) ; round the moon or sun, corona lunæ or solis (Seneca, Q. N., 1, 2, 1). || A circular substance, annulus : a finger ring, annulus : a little ring, annellus : a seal ring, annulus signatorius, or, from the context, simply annulus : a marriage ring, annulus pronubus (Jurisconsulti ; annulus in fidem conjugii datus) : adorned with ring, annulatus : a ring chain, catena annulis conserta (after Vergilius, Æn., 3, 467) : to exchange rings, annulos commutare, dare et accipere : to wear a ring on the finger, annulum in digito habere (Terentius, Hec., 4, 1, 59) ; gestitare (Plautus) : to put on a ring, annulum digito induere, aptare, inserere. To take off a ring, detrahere alicui annulum (Terentianus) : an ear-ring, inauris (Plautus), or annulus de aure dependens ; curtain rings, velares annuli. || An open place in a town, forum.
RING-DOVE, * columba cauda torquata (Linnæus).
RINGER, * campanarum agitator.
RINGING, by circumlocution. A ringing in the ears, murmur aurium (Plinius, 28, 7, 3).
RING-LEADER, caput : signifer : fax (ring-leader of a party, a conspiracy, etc. ). The ring-leader in a civil war (who gave the signal for its breaking out), tuba belli civilis (Cicero, ad Div., 6, 12, 3).
RINGLET, annulus : cincinnus (Plautus, artificial) : cirrus (Mart., natural).
RING-WORM, lichen, or pure Latin, mentagra (vid. Plinius, 26, 1, 2) ; Cf., mentigo, impetigo = scab.
RINSE, eluere : colluere. To rinse the mouth, colluere os (Plinius, 23, 4, 38).
RIOT, s., || Revelry, comissatio ; bacchanalia, plural (drunken feasts) : bacchatio. || Tumult, uproar, tumultus : seditio : turbæ, plural, SYN. and PHR. in COMMOTION.
RIOT, v., || To revel, comissari : bacchari : debacchari. || To be in a state of uproar, tumultuari ; tumultus movere ; tumultum facere or præbere.
RIOTER, || A reveller, comissator : bacchans. || A turbulent person, seditiosus : turbulentus.
RIOTOUS, || Disorderly, dissolutus. A riotous liver, homo vinolentus ac dissolutus ; dissolutus ; luxuriosus ; potator (fond of drinking). || Seditious, seditiosus : turbulentus : tumultuosus.
RIOTOUSLY, seditiose : turbulente or turbulenter : turbide.
RIP, divellere : scindere : discindere. To rip open a wound, vulnus divellere (Flor. ) ; refricare, exulcerare (Cicero).
RIPE, || Properly, maturus (of fruit that has attained its full size and flavor) : tempestivus (of fruit that has grown quite long enough) : coctus (mellowed by the sun ; of grapes, etc. ). A ripe ulcer, ulcus ad suppurationem perductum. Thoroughly ripe, permaturus : to become ripe, maturescere (Cæsar) ; ematurescere (Plinius) ; percoqui (Columella) ; maturitatem adipisci (Plinius), assequi (Cicero) ; ad maturitatem venire (Plinius) : to be almost ripe, non multum abesse a maturitate (Cæsar). || Figuratively, maturus ; tempestivus. A ripe judgement, judicium maturum (Cicero, Cæcin., 3, 7) ; judicium firmum, certum, subtile, rectum, verum (Cicero) : ripe age, ætas matura (Ulpianus), firmata (Cicero).
Ripe in years, in understanding, maturus annis, animo (Ovidius).
RIPEN, ||Transitively, ad maturitatem perducere : maturare. To ripen an ulcer, ulcus ad suppurationem perducere. || Intransitively, maturari, maturescere : ematurescere : ad maturitatem venire or pervenire (properly physically) : rnaturitatem ætatis ad prudentiam assequi (figuratively of the mind ; after Cicero, ad Div., 4, 4, 4).
RIPENESS, maturitas : tempestivitas (properly and figuratively) : maturitas tempestiva (properly) :
Ripeness of judgement, judicandi maturitas.
RIPPLE, v., leni murmure delabi, defluere : lene susurrare (Claudius) : rorare (Columella). A rippling stream, fons lene sonantis aquæ (Ovidius) ; jucundo labens murmure rivus (id. ).
RIPPLE, s., * lenis, placidus, lapsus (of the sound) : unda parvula (of the form).
RISE, v., || Properly, surgere : exsurgere : consurgere (especially of several) : se erigere (to raise one’s self up ; of little children trying to raise themselves from the ground) : from a seat, surgere e sella : to rise up (when a person appears), assurgere alicui (as a mark of respect) : from bed, surgere, with or without (e) lectulo or (e) lecto : surgere cubitu (properly : ex morbo assurgere, of leaving one’s bed after a disease) : from table, surgere a cœna ; also poscere calceos (asking for one’s shoes as a sign of intending to rise from table). || To mount up on high, se levare (of birds ; pennis or alis) : levari : sublime ferri : sublimem abire. Clouds rise, nebulæ levantur in nubes : the smoke rises from the cottages, fumus evolvitur e tuguriis. The barometer rises, * argentum vivum barometri tollitur. A storm rises, tempestas cooritur. || To swell, vid. || (Of the heavenly bodies), oriri : exoriri : emergere (of the stars ; not of the sun). || (Of thoughts in the mind), subire mentem or animum : succurrere. A thought rises in my mind, subit cogitatio animum. || (From the dead), reviviscere : in vitam redire : ab inferis exsistere : ab Orco in lucem reducem fieri (according to heathen notions) : ab inferis excitari or revocari. || (Of the day), appetere : dies appetit : lucescit : dilucescit : illucescit. As soon as the sun rose, ubi primum illuxit. || To rise in the stomach (of food), ructum ciere, movere, or facere. || To rise in blisters, pustulari. || Figuratively, To come into notice, appear, prodire : exsistere : se efferre (of eminent men) : exoriri (of remarkable persons or things, whether good or bad ; e. g., libido ; ferrea proles ; Sulla ; ultor, etc. ). || To advance in rank or dignity, procedere honoribus longius ; altiorem ascendere gradum ; in ampliorem gradum provehi ; altiorem dignitatis gradum consequi : to rise above
others, alios superare, vincere, post se relinquere. To rise to the highest pitch of human greatness, in summum fastigium emergere et attolli. || To rebel, exsurgere contra or adversus aliquem (Tacitus) ; cooriri in aliquem : imperium alicujus detrectare : consurgere ad bellum : ad bellum cooriri : rebellare (the proper word of those who had been subdued). [Vid.
REBEL, REVOLT. ] || To mount up, become higher, (of prices), cariorem fieri : pretium alicujus rei excandescit : incendi : ingravescere : crescere : augeri (of the price of corn ; annona). || To advance to anything (= to pass from a lower to a higher point), transire ad aliquid. To rise from the necessary arts to the arts of luxury, a necessariis artificiis ad elegantiores defluere (Cicero, Tusc. 1, 25, 62). || To flow or proceed (from), to be generated (by), fluere, manare, proficisci, nasci, gigni, exsistere, erumpere, ex aliqua re : oriri (general term) : scaturire : excurrere : from a place, ex (of springs, fountains, etc. : on excurrere. vid. Curtius, 3, 1, 3) : profluere (of streams, fountains, etc. ) : originem habere (of streams) : sequi aliquid (to result from anything). || To raise itself (of things), se tollere : se attollere : surgere : assurgere : exsurgere. A hill that rises gradually, clementer editus (or assurgens) collis : rising a little from the plain, paullum ex planitie editus : not to be able to rise higher, se tollere a terra altius non posse (of plants).
RISE, s., || (Of the heavenly bodies), ortus, exortus (of all the heavenly bodies) : ascensus, emersus (of the planets or other stars ; the former especially of the moon). The rising and setting of the stars, siderum ortus et occasus ; siderum ortus et obitus : at sunrise, sole oriente ; sub luce. A little before sunrise, sub ortum lucis. || Rising ground, clivus leniter assurgens. || Source, origin, fons : causa : initium : caput. To give rise to, efficere ; occasionem præbere. vid. CAUSE.
RISIBILITY, by circumlocution by verbs in LAUGH, or substantives in LAUGHTER.
RISIBLE, ad ridendum compositus : there is nothing to excite my risible faculties, non habeo, or non est, quod rideam.
RISING, By the verb, or RISE, s.
RISK, alea : periculum : discrimen (attended with danger) : at my risk, meo periculo ; meo Marte (Cf., not meo proprio Marte).
Risk of one’s life, vitæ or mortis periculum (general term) : vitæ or salutis discrimen (dangerous situation in which one is placed, involving risk of life) : capitis periculum or discrimen (when one is in danger of suffering capital punishment) : at the risk of one’s life, cum capitis periculo : to run the risk of losing anything, de aliqua re in dubium venire (e. g., de civitate, Cicero, Cæcin., 7, 18) : to run or incur the risk of one’s life, adire vitæ or capitis periculum ; mortis periculo se committere : to be at the risk of one’s life, in capitis or vitæ periculum vocatum esse, ad mortis periculum adductum esse (of an accused person) : in præcipiti esse (of a sick person). To run a risk, periculum subire ; fortunæ se committere.
RISK, aliquid in aleam dare : ire in aleam alicujus rei (to peril or risk anything) : aliquid audere (to dare anything) : periculum alicujus rei or in aliqua re facere ; aliquid tentare, experiri, periclitari (to try one’s luck in a dangerous business). (The words are found in this connection and order. ) experiri et periclitari : one’s life, committere se periculo mortis : adire vitæ or mortis periculum : to risk one’s life on anybody’s behalf, vitæ or capitis periculum pro aliquo subire ; inferre se in periculum capitis atque in vitæ discrimen pro aliquo ; vitæ dimicationem subire pro aliquo : not to refuse to risk one’s life for anybody, pro aliquo vitæ dimicationem non profugere.
RITE, ritus, -ûs [vid. also, CEREMONY] : funeral rite ; vid. FUNERAL.
RITUAL, adjective, ritualis (Festus) ; solemnis.
RITUAL, s., liber ritualis (Festus).
RIVAL, s., æmulus (e. g., gloriæ, laudis, regni) : rivalis (almost always of a rival in love) : obtrectator (a political rival).
RIVAL, v., æmulari (to emulate) : certare, concertare, contendere cum aliquo (to contend with).
RIVALRY, æmulatio : obtrectatio : rivalitas (in love).
RIVE, findere : diffindere : discutere (to strike asunder).
RIVER, flumen : fluvius : amnis (Cf., flumen usually of larger rivers, flowing into the sea ; fluvius, of smaller fresh-water rivers, which are sometimes dried up ; amnis, a stream, with reference rather to the flow of the water, or its breadth and depth). Of or belonging to a river, fluviatilis (e. g., piscis) ; fluvialis : fluviaticus : or by the genitive, fluminis ; e. g., a river god, * fluminis numen. A great river, fluvius magnus, flumen magnum : a small river, amniculus : a rapid river, flumen rapidum, fluvius rapidus ; amnis incitatior : a slow or gentle river, amnis sedatus ; incredibili lenitate flumen est, ita ut oculis, in utram partem fluat, judicari non potest (Cæsar, B. G., 1, 12 ; is so slow) : to turn the course of a river, amnem in alium cursum deflectere et contorquere (Cicero, Div., 1, 19, 38) : The river has shady and pleasant banks, amnis multa riparum amœnitate inumbratur (Curtius). The river divides the city, amnis mediam urbem interfluit (Cicero). The river flows into the sea, amnis in mare evadit (Curtius) ; flumen in mare influit (Cicero) : the bed of a river, fossa (e. g., fossa Rheni ; vid. Cicero, Pis., 33, init. ) : down the river, secundo flumine : up the river, adverso flumine.
RIVER-HORSE, hippopotamus.
RIVET, s., clavulus (little nail) : cuneus trajectus (a wedge driven through).
RIVET, v., * clavulo figere aliquid : to rivet one’s attention, aures alicujus tenere.
RIVULET, rivulus : rivus.
RIX DOLLAR, * imperialis, or thalerus imperialis (the term rix dollar is a corruption of the German Reichsthaler ; i. e., dollar of the empire).
ROACH, * cyprinus rutilus (Linnæus).
ROAD, || A way, properly, via (the road itself) : iter (journey, route) : a made or paved road, via (lapidibus) strata (Livius, 8, 15, 9 ; in later writers also simply strata. vid. Eutropius 9, 9, 15). To pave a road, viam lapidibus sternere, consternere. || Figuratively, A way, means, via : a right road, via ; via certa : a wrong road, error (an error) : vitium (a fault) : to fall into the wrong road, in errorem induci, rapi (to be led aside, through want of consideration) : a virtute discedere, honestatem deserere (through one’s own evil inclination) : to be on the wrong road, errare (without knowing it) : vitam deviam sequi (wilfully). To bring anybody into the wrong road, aliquem in errorem inducere (to lead into error) : aliquem transversum agere (to lead from the path of virtue).
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|| A station for ships, statio navium (any anchorage) : salum (a part of the open sea, opposite the coast) : to lie at anchor in the roads, stare in salo, or in salo ante ostium portus, with or without in ancoris (of ships) : in salo esse (of sailors).