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EXUBERATE,Vid. “to be EXUBERANT.”
EXULCERATE, exulcerare (both properly, cutem, Celsus ; and improperly, animum, gratiam, etc., Cicero).
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EXULCERATION, exulceratio (Celsus, properly ; improperly Seneca) :ulceratio (Plinius ; in plural, Seneca).
EXULT, exsultare (also with lætitia or gaudio ; over anything, in aliqua re ; e. g., in ruinis nostris ; in anything, in aliqua re ; e. g., in crudelitate ; also exsultare, quod) :lætari (to rejoice in anything, de aliqua re ; e. g., de salute omnium , also in hoc lætari, quod etc. ; and with substantive, lætandum puto casum tuum, I think men ought to exult in your misfortune, Seneca). (The words are found in this connection and order.) lætari et triumphare. Vid. REJOICE.
EXULTATION, lætatio (Cæsar) :exsultatio (Seneca).To feel exultation, lætitia, gaudio exsultare ; lætitia gestire, etc. Vid. To EXULT.
EXUSTION, exustio (Cicero, Rep., 6, 21).
EYE, v., aspicere aliquem or aliquid : oculos in aliquid conjicere or convertere : spectare :aspectare : contemplari, intueri, contueri aliquem or aliquid.To eye attentively, earnestly, etc., oculos non movere or dejicere a re (e. g., ab alicujus vultu) ; oculi habitant in re ; obtutum figere in re ; defixis oculis intueri aliquid ; defigere oculos in re or in aliquid :to eye askance, oculis limis intueri or aspicere aliquid :in an impudent manner, impudentissimos oculos defigere inaliquem or aliquid (Cicero, Phil., 11, 5, 10).
EYE, oculus (diminutive, ocellus ; also, with and without mentis, like acies mentis, of the eye of the mind) :lumen (in prose usually lumina oculorum, the light of the eyes) :aspectus :conspectus (sight) :full of eyes, oculeus :having eyes, oculatus :that belongs to eyes, ocularius (also, that is concerned with eyes) :eyes that have not begun to fail, acies incolumis :sharp eyes, oculi acres et acuti :to have sharp eyes, acriter videre ; oculos acres et acutos habere (properly) ; perspicacem esse (figuratively) :that has sharp (i. e., lynx) eyes, lynceus :to have good eyes, bene videre ; bad eyes (that do not vid. clearly), oculi hebetes :that has weak eyes, lusciosus or luscitiosus ( = qui vesperi non videt, Varro, ap. Non., 105, 13 ; but, according to Festus and Fulgentius = “qui clarius vesperi quam meridie cernit”) :to have weak eyes, oculi alicui cæcutiunt (Varro, ap. Non., 86, 12) :a deep-set, hollow eye, oculus conditus, retractus, concavus :a bright eye, oculus lubricus et mobilis ; oculus vegetus :a dull eye, oculus languidus :languishing eyes, oculi ignem fatentes :voluptuous, wanton eyes, oculi lascivi ; oculi, ut sic dicamus, venerei :speaking, expressive eyes, oculi loquaces :to have weak or blear eyes, lippire :one who has weak or blear eyes, lippus ; lippiens. (A) Phrases with “eye” in the nominative :the eyes swim or water, oculi humectant (general term, become moist or wet) ; lacrimæ alicui oboriuntur (the eyes are filled with tears ; from pain, joy, etc.; the cause, in the ablative ; as, gaudio, adventu alicujus) ; facit aliquid ut oculi exstillent ; facit aliquid delacrimationem (of sharp and pungent food, of smoke which causes the eyes to water) :my eyes pain me, oculi mihi dolent :if my eyes do not deceive me, nisi (animus fallit aut) oculi parum prospiciunt :as far as the eye reaches, qua visus est ; quo longissime oculi conspectum ferunt (as far as ever, etc.) .(B) Phrases with “eye” in the accusative case. To please the eye, arridet alicui aliquid :to open the eyes, oculos aperire (to open) ; oculos attollere (to raise) ; dispicere (to open them for seeing) ; oculos alicui restituere (to restore the sight of a blind man ; Suetonius) :to open anybody’s eye wide, oculum diducere (of a surgeon, etc.) :to open one’s eyes wide, diducere oculos (as in Quintilianus, 11, 3, 80, nares diducere ; cf. Celsus, 7, 7, § 4) :to open one’s eyes wide at anything, acrem aciem intendere in aliquid ; acriter intueri aliquid :to cast one’s eyes all around, circumferre oculos :diligenter circumspicere (properly) ; ad omnia attendere (figuratively) :to cry one’s eyes out, totos efflere oculos ; lacrimis confici (Cf., totos efflere oculos, Quintilianus, Decl., 4. Freund omits the word) :to blind anybody’s eyes by a gift or bribe, largitione alicujus animum cæcare :to attract the eyes of people, conspici, conspicuum esse (of persons and things which strike the sight ; vid. Bremi, Nepos, Att., 13, 5 ; Suetonius, Oct., 45) :to withdraw one’s eyes from anybody or anything, oculos dejicere ab aliquo, a re :to draw upon one’s self the eyes of all men, omnium oculos ad se convertere or in se vertere :to direct men’s eyes toward anybody, conspicuum facere aliquem :all eyes are turned, directed toward him, omnium oculi in eum sunt conjecti ; omnium ora in eum sunt conjecta :to close or shut the eyes, oculos operire (Quintilianus, opertos compressosve oculos habere in dicendo) ; connivere (e. g., in order to sleep ; also, at anything, ad aliquid [properly, e. g., at lightning, ad fulgura], or in aliqua re, figuratively, to connive at anything) :to close the eyes of a dying person, morienti operire oculos :to close one’s eyes forever, conniventem somno consopiri sempiterno. To feast one’s eyes with anything, oculos pascere aliqua re ; fructum oculis capere ex re. (C) ” Eye” with prepositions, (a) BEFORE :Before the eyes, ante oculos (e. g., to wave or float, versari ; to kill anybody, trucidare) :in conspectu (e. g., to lie ; of a country, esse : to stand, of a person, astare) :sometimes in ore atque in oculis, or in ore only (e. g., quæ in ore atque in oculis provinciæ gesta sunt, Cicero, Verr., 2, 33, 81 ; in ore omnium versari) :before one’s (own) eyes, sub oculis :before my eyes, me spectante, inspectante, præsente ; coram me :to be done before the eyes of all the world, in oculis hominum geri :to have before one’s eyes, habere ante oculos (properly and figuratively ; e. g., to fancy, represent to one’s self, imagine) ; intueri (to keep in one’s eye) ; observare (to observe) ; spectare (to take notice of, to regard) ; videre aliquid (to think upon anything, vid. Ochsn., Cicero, Ecl., 126) : to come before the eyes = to come under the eyes ; vid. below in UNDER :to put or place before the eyes of anybody, ante oculos or oculis alicujus aliquid proponere, exponere ; oculis or sub aspectum subjicere :to place or set before one’s (own) eyes, ponere, proponere, constituere sibi aliquid ante oculos ; proponere aliquid oculis suis :to set anything clearly before anybody’s eyes, dilucide docere, explicare (to explain clearly) :prædicare aliquid (to represent emphatically ; vid. Held. Cæsar, B, C, 1, 32) :to figure or picture before one’s eyes, repræsentare imaginem alicujus rei (e. g., sceleris, Quintilianus, 6, 1, 31) :to lie before the eyes, in conspectu esse (properly and figuratively, to be visible ; of a country, etc.) : figuratively, ante or sub oculos positum esse ; patere ; ante pedes esse (proverbially) ; also, manifestum, apertum esse (to be manifest or clear) :to lie, so to say, before our eyes, esse, ut ita dicam, in conspectu :to have before one’s eyes, aliquid alicui in conspectu est (properly, to be visible ; of a country, etc.) ; aliquid intueri (to look at anything, in order to direct one’s course by it) :to do anything before anybody’s eyes, sub oculis alicujus facere aliquid :lest Capua should be taken before his eyes, ne in oculis ejus Capua caperetur (Livius).(b) FOR.To be good for the eyes, oculis mederi [vid. under GOOD]. (c) FROM.To learn, know, perceive anything from the eyes of anybody, e vultu alicujus intelligere aliquid (what he designs or purposes) :ex vultu alicujus conjecturam facere, quid velit, cupiat, sentiat (any one’s wishes, etc.; after Cicero, Muren., 21, 44). (d) IN.To keep in one’s eye (i. e., to look at with attention), contemplari aliquem intentis oculis :to keep anything in one’s eye , intueri, observare aliquid :Homer appears to me to have had something of this kind in his eye, mihi quidem Homerus hujusmodi quiddam vidisse videtur.(e) ON or UPON.To keep a strict eye upon anybody, aliquem observare, custodire ; alicujus oculi aliquem non sentientem speculantur et custodiunt (to watch anybody secretly, Cicero, Cat., 1, 2, 6) :to fix one’s eyes on the ground, oculos in terram defigere or dejicere (both Quintilianus) :to keep one’s eye upon anything, habere aliquid in oculis suis :to cast one’s eyes upon anything, oculos conjicere ad or in aliquid (properly) ; oculos adjicere alicui rei (also figuratively) :to cast one’s eyes upon anybody, animum adjicere ad aliquem :to fix one’s eyes upon anybody (not to turn them away from him), obtutum figere in aliquo ; oculos defigere in vultu alicujus or in aliquem ; oculi habitant in vultu alicujus ; contemplari aliquem intentis oculis.(f) UNDER.To fall under the eyes, sub oculos cadere ; in oculos cadere, incurrere ; sub aspectum cadere or venire ; aspectu sentiri ; in aciem prodire (to become visible ; the last, Cicero, Fam., 6, 1, 5) ; conspicuum esse ; conspici (to attract the eyes of people, to be conspicuous ; vid. Bremi, Nepos, Att., 13, 5 : Suetonius, Oct., 45) ; aliquid nemo non videt, intelligit, perspicit (a thing is clear or apparent to everybody) :to come or fall under the eyes of anybody, in conspectum alicujus venire (of persons), or cadere (of things, and rather adventitiously) :to live constantly under the eyes of people, in oculis habitare ; assiduum in oculis hominum esse. (g) WITH.To do anything with one’s eyes open, scientem facere aliquid :to see, observe with the eyes, oculis cernere ; aspectu sentire :to see with one’s own eyes, suis oculis uti :to see anything
with one’s own eyes, oculis cernere ; ipsum, præsentem videre aliquid :I have seen it with mine own eyes, hisce oculis vidi, perspexi, or ipse vidi [Cf., Some reject oculis meis videre ; but Terentius, Eun., 4, 4, 10, and Plautus, Pseud., 2, 27, have it] :to see well with the right (or left) eye, dextro or sinistro oculo bene videre (Cicero, Divin., 1, 24) :not to see well with the left (right) eye, sinistro (dextro) oculo non æque bene uti posse ; minus videre oculo sinistro (dextro) :to wink with the eyes, nictare. || Cf., The following Anglicisms must not be translated literally :to be fair, etc., in anybody’s eyes, pulchrum videri, existimari, etc. :to be hidden from anybody’s eyes, aliquid alicui ignotum or incognitum est, etc. || The corner of the eye, angulus oculi :the socket of the eye, cavea (Lactantius). || Inflammation of the eyes, oculorum inflammatio ; oculorum sicca perturbatio ; arida lippitudo (Celsus ; Scribonius, Larg.).In late writers xerophthalmia, from Greek ξηροφθαλμία :disease of the eyes, valetudo oculorum. || figuratively, (a) In trees, oculus :gemma (a bud, Plinius, 17, 21, 35, § 153, different from oculus) :to put forth eyes, gemmare ; gemmascere ; gemmas agere .(b) An eye in a peacock’s tail or a butterfly’s wing, oculus (vid. Plinius, 8, 17, 23).(c) Bull’s-eye, medium.To hit the bull’s-eye, medium ferire (Cicero, Fat., 17, 39, figuratively). (d) The mind’s eye, oculus (mentis) : acies mentis.
EYE-BALL, pupula :pupilla : acies ipsa, qua cernimus, quæ pupula vocatur (Cicero).
EYE-BRIGHT (a plant), * euphrasia (Linnæus).
EYEBROW, supercilium.
EYE-GLASS, * perspicillum :* vitrum oculare.To wear an eye-glass, * oculos arte adjuvare.
EYELESS :Vid. BLIND.
EYELET, foramen (general term for any hole made by piercing).
EYELID, palpebra :to move the eyelids, palpebrare : movement of the eyelids, palpebratio (in late writers).
EYE-SALVE, collyrium.
EYE-SERVANT, jactans officia (one that makes a great display of his service before his master, after Phædrus, 1, 5, 16) :assentator :adulator (general terms, a flatterer).
EYESIGHT, to lose, amittere aspectum (Cicero) ; lumina oculorum.To lose one’s eyesight, oculos amittere, perdere ; aspectum amittere :to restore anybody’s eyesight, oculos alicui restituere.
EYESORE,To be an eyesight to anybody, alicui invisum or odiosum esse ; aliquem pungere or urere ; stimulum (nunc) esse alicui (comedy).
EYE-TOOTH, dens caninus.
EYE-WATER, * liquor ophthalmicus ; * liquor oculorum infirmitati medens :medicamentum oculorum ; plural, quæ oculis medentur.
EYE-WITNESS, oculatus testis (who saw that to which he bears testimony ; opposed to auritus testis, an ear-witness, Plautus, Truc., 2, 6, 8) ; certus or certissimus testis (general term, a sure, credible witness) ; certus auctor (a credible voucher) :to know from eye-witnesses, certis testibus or certis auctoribus comperisse :I am an eye-witness of anything, aliquid ipse vidi (I saw something myself) ; alicui rei interfui (I was present at something) :without eye-witnesses, remotis arbitris ; sine arbitris.
F.
FABLE, v., fabulose narrare aliquid fingere, comminisci aliquid (to feign, invent anything). Cf., Fabulari occurs nowhere in this sense.
FABLE, s., fabula :fabella (any fictitious narrative, any tale or story ; hence, of any mythological story, Æsopian fable, or dramatic piece ; both also, with ficta, commenticia, composita, or poetica) :apologus (a fable, as a vehicle to convey a moral lesson, as the fables of Æsop, Phædrus, etc.) :commentum :res commenticia :mendacium (a fictitious story, untruth) :historia fabularis (the whole compass of mythology, Suetonius, Tiberius, 70).As the fable says, according to the fable, ut est in fabulis ; ut ferunt fabulæ :truth is often conveyed in the form of fable, sub fabulis velut involucris sæpe veritas latet :to be fond of fables, fabulis duci or delectari :to hold anything to be a fable, falsum aliquid existimare.
FABRIC, || Building, Vid. || Texture, etc., textrinum (weaving) :textum, used substantive (poetical and post-Augustan, prose) :textura (the manner in which anything is woven) :tela (properly, the thread, the web) : Cf., fabrica refers properly to the work of the faber, never to that of the textor.
FABRICATE, || PROPR., fabricari (as a smith, carpenter, or the like) :texere (of a weaver) :conficere (general term, to prepare). || IMPROPR., fabricari, but only with some particular words (e. g., fallaciam) :fingere :comminisci (to feign, invent a false tale, comminisci mendacium) :coquere :concoquere (concoct a tale).
FABRICATION, || PROPR., fabricatio (Cicero) :fabrica (properly, the work-shop of a faber ; then his art, or any work of his ; and, improperly, of the scientific or artificial preparation of any structure or compound). || IMPROPR., fictio (Quintilianus) :confictio (Cicero, as act) :res ficta, or commenticia, or ficta et commenticia.Monstrous fabrications, monstra, portenta :a mere fabrication, mera mendacia (plural).
FABULIST, fabularum or apologorum scriptor (Cf., fabulator denotes rather a teller of anecdotes, or one who listens to anecdotes).
FABULOUS, fabulosus (like a fable, μυθώδης ; but also belonging to a fable or myth ; e. g., gods) :fabularis (that belongs to or concerns a fable or mythology, μυθικός ; e. g., historia, Suetonius, Tib., 70) :fictus : commenticius : falsus (fictitious, untrue). (The words are found in this connection and order.) fictus et commenticius.
Fabulous history, historia fabularis (the mythic and heroic history, Suetonius, Tib., 70) ; mythologia (grammatically), or fabulæ (the fables or myths collectively ; e. g., ut est in fabulis).
FABULOUSLY, fabulose.
FACE, facies (the face in a physical point of view, as the fore-part of the head, which may include the countenance, but does not do so necessarily ; πρόσωπον. Also, improperly, of the first appearance of anything ; e. g., loci, causæ) :vultus (the countenance, as indicated by the eye, brow, etc.) :os (properly, the mouth ; hence the character of the face, countenance, etc., the emotions being expressed chiefly by the muscles of the mouth ; the proper word for face = impudence). (The words are found in this connection and order.) facies vultusque (Cicero, Sallustius) ; os vultusque ; os et vultus : frons (the forehead, the brow, as indicating joy, shame, etc.). (The words are found in this connection and order.) oculi et frons :frons et vultus :before anybody’s face, coram aliquo ; inspectante or præsente aliquo ; in conspectu alicujus :to see anybody face to face, præsentem or prope aliquem intueri præsens præsentem video :to praise anybody to his face, laudare aliquem coram in os (Terentius, Ad., 2, 4, 5) ; præsentem aliquem laudare :a beautiful face, facies pulchra :a pretty face ( = woman), mulier lepida specie or facie venusta :a noble face, facies liberalis :to look anybody in the face, intueri in alicujus os et oculos :to say anything to one’s face, liberrime profiteri apud aliquem :to let anybody say anything unpleasant to one’s face, alicui os ad male audiendum præbere :to lie on one’s face, in os pronum jacere (general term) ; in faciem cubare (in bed ; opposed to supinum cubare) :to fall down on one’s face, procumbere pronum in os ; pronum conefdere :anything bears on the face of it that it is false, aliquid falsum se esse clamat (Cicero ; so calliditatem clamitare) :to speak the truth to his face, voces veras coram ingerere. To change the face of the country, faciem loci vertere (Tacitus) ; of the city, urbis faciem immutare (Sallustius).An impudent or brazen face, os durum :anybody has a hopelessly stupid face, vecordia prorsus inest in alicujus vultu :one might have seen there faces expressive of the most different emotions, varios vultus cerneres (Livius, 32, 48, extr.).Not to be able to look anybody in the face, oculos alicui submittere.To cheat anybody before his face, oculos auferre alicui (prov., Livius, 6, 15).To put a good face on it, perfricare faciem (to lay shame aside) ; tendere confidentia vultum (Quintilianus, 11, 3, 160 ; speaking, however, of it as a faulty oratorical trick) ; aliquid fronte et vultu fero belle (Cicero, Att., 5, 10, 3 ; to pretend not to be annoyed at what one really is annoyed at) ; in re mala animo bono uti (to make the best of a bad business).With what face…? quo ore (e. g., ad eam redibo, quam contempserim, Terentianus) :you know the fellow’s brazen face, nosti os hominis, nosti audaciam (Cicero). || To make faces, os torquere or distorquere :to make the most extraordinary faces, ducere os exquisitis modis. || Front (of a building, etc.), vid. || Presence, oculi (eyes) :conspectus : aspectus (sight).To withdraw from anybody’s face, abire ex oculis alicujus ; recedere e conspectu alicujus :to avoid, his face, alicujus oculos or aspectum vitare ; fugere alicujus conspectum :alicujus conspectu se subtrahere (†).
FACE, v., || To be situated or placed opposite to. (α) Generally. * exadversus aliquem stare ; contra aliquid esse or positum esse ; ex adverso positum esse (general term ; the first of persons, the others of things) :ex adverso constitutum esse (to be drawn up opposite ; e. g., of ships) :exadversus aliquem pugnare (of persons standing opposite each other in hostile ranks) :to face the enemy, castra castris hostium contulisse (to have pitched one’s camp opposed the enemy’s) : in acie stare (to be drawn up in battle-array opposed the enemy, Planc, ap. Cicero. Fam., 10, 23, 6). (β) With reference to prospect, spectare aliquid : despicere, prospicere, prospectare aliquid ( prospectare, to give a view of distant objects ; despicere,to look down upon).Windows that face the street,
versæ in viam fenestræ :the window faces the garden, est a fenestra despectus in hortum (after Cæsar, B. G., 7, 45) ; this chamber has some windows that face the garden, and others that face the street, cubiculum aliis fenestris hortum, aliis despicit plateam (after Plinius, Ep., 5, 6, 23) :this room faces the sea, cubiculum prospicit mare, or prospectum præbet ad mare. || To put a new front to, inducere (to coat with anything, aliqua re ; e. g., marmore [vid. To COAT]) :prætexere aliquid aliqua re or aliquid alicui rei (e. g., aliquid purpura or purpuram alicui rei ; poetically, purpura prætexit aliquid, Vergilius) :vestem limbo circumdare (Vergilius, of a facing that forms an edge ; also, limbus obit chlamydem, Ovidius). || IMPROPR., To face dangers, death, etc. [Vid. ENCOUNTER.] || INTRANS., To face about, convertere signa (Cæsar, Livius) :to face about and march back to the city, conversis signis retro in urbem redire (Livius 8, 11).
FACETIOUS, lepidus :facetus :festivus :salsus [SYN. in FACETIOUSNESS] :jocularis (jocose).A facetious fellow, lepidum caput (comedy).A facetious narrator, facetus narrator.
FACETIOUSLY, lepide :facete :joculariter.
FACETIOUSNESS, lepos :facetiæ : festivitas (all three of harmless playful wit ; lepos, the lightest wit, opposed to dull, ponderous gravity ; festivitas, the more cheerful sort of wit, opposed to gloomy seriousness ; facetiæ, jocund wit, opposed to sober seriousness) :sales (piquant wit, which aims at a point, without reference to the feelings of others : Cf., dicacitas, satirical, and cavillatio, scoffing wit, that aims at mortifying another, do not belong here).
FACILITATE, aliquid facile or facilius reddere :expedire : explicare (to make a perplexed business more feasible ; e. g., negotia) :adjuvare aliquem in re (Terentianus), ad rem or ad aliquid faciendum (to assist anybody in anything, or to do anything).Literature facilitates the practice of virtue, ad virtutem colendam adjuvamur literis.
FACILITY, facilitas (easiness, both objectively and with reference to the small amount of exertion necessary to accomplish the object ; also = readiness of speech, a pleasing fluency, etc.; opposed to celeritas [ = an impetuous fluency], and loquendi tarditas, slow, sleepy delivery ; eloquendi facultas is the readiness of the speaker ; facultas, also = “easiness of temper,” mostly in a good sense, but also in a bad one, Suetonius). [Vid. EASINESS, EASE.] || Facilities (for doing anything), opportunitas idonea (faciendi aliquid).To give anybody great facilities of doing anything, alicui potestatem, or copiam dare, or facere alicujus rei ; alicui facultatem dare alicujus rei ; alicui ansam dare, or præbere alicujus rei, or ad aliquid faciendum :to possess great facilities for or of, etc., potestas, or facultas, or copia alicujus rei mihi data or facta est ; aditum habeo alicujus rei or faciendi aliquid.
FACING, s., (of a garment), perhaps limbus.
FACING = opposite to, || (α) as adverb, contra, adversus, exadversus, exadversum, all with accusative :ex adverso (opposite a person or thing, the two being considered as two sides or points) :e regione, with genitive of place, dative of person (opposed to each other, and extended in the same direction, the two being considered as two parallel lines. Cf., Not regione only in this sense, cf. Bremi, Suetonius, Cæsar, 39). || (β) as adjective, contrarius ; alicui loco adversus et contrarius ; quod contra locum est or positum est ; quod ex adverso or exadversum situm est, or positum est, or jacet.
FAC-SIMILE, descriptio imagoque literarum (Cicero, Verr., 2, 77, 190) :to make a fac-simile, literas scripturæ assimilare et exprimere (ib., § 189).
FACT, factum.This is a fact, or I know this to be a fact, hoc certo auctore comperi.
Facts, res (plural) ; facta (plural).The composition of a history depends upon the facts and the words used to convey them, exædificatio historiæ posita est rebus et verbis :to pass from fables to facts, ut jam a fabulis ad facta veniamus :the fact being undisputed, quum esset controversia nulla facti (of the act having been committed). || In fact, revera : reapse :re et veritate (really, not merely in words) :sane, profecto (as a form of asseveration) :
FACTION,[Vid. (political) PARTY.]To deliver the Roman people from an oligarchical faction, populum Romanum factione paucorum oppressum in libertatem vindicare (Cæsar).
FACTIOUS, seditiosus (of persons or things ; e. g., oratio, concio, voces) :rerum evertendarum or rerum novarum cupidus : rerum mutationis cupidus : turbulentus. (The words are found in this connection and order.) seditiosus ac turbulentus. Cf., Not factiosus, which means “one who has a large body of followers, a party,” etc. :its only approach to the meaning of “factious” is when it is implied that the person aims at being the head of a party.
FACTIOUSLY, seditiose :(* improbo) partium studio.
FACTIOUSNESS, partium studium (party spirit) :* seditiosum et turbulentum ingenium.
FACTITIOUS, facticius (post-Augustan, Plinius).
FACTOR, (1) In arithmetic, * numerus multiplicans. (2) An agent, etc., qui procurat alicujus rationes et negotia.The factor (of a commercial company, etc.), * curator negotiorum societatis alicujus.
FACTORY, (1) A store-house, mercium horreum. (2) A colony, colonia :to settle a facory anywhere, coloniam or colonos deducere aliquo.
FACTOTUM,To be anybody’s factotum, alicujus tapanta (τὰ πάντα) esse (Petron., 37) ; omnium rerum alicujus transactorem et ministrum esse :he was their factotum, eum in omni procuration rei actorem auctoremque habebant.
FACULTY, || Talent, ability, etc., ingenium (innate quality or power of mind, talent, genius ; especially the power of perpetually forming new ideas ; inventive faculty) :sollertia (skill, talent in the working out of ideas) :docilitas (aptness to learn, cleverness) :ingenii facultas (a single power of the mind, vid. Cicero, De Or., 2, 80, 433 ; hence never of the mental faculties together, for which the Latins said simply ingenium) :facultas, with genitive (power and skill for anything ; e. g., for speaking, dicendi :in plural, also absolutely, facultates, faculties, Cicero, De Invent., 1, 27, extr.). || The vital faculty, vis vitalis (the vital principle in nature) :animus : anima (the vital principle in man, τὸ ἐπιθυμητικόν) :venæ (the veins, as the seat of the vital principle ; vid. Heindorf ad Horatius, Sat., 2, 3, 153).If the soul were nothing more or greater than the vital faculty, si nihil esset in animo, nisi ut per eum viveremus. || Faculty in the universities, ordo :the theological faculty, * venerandus theologorum ordo :the faculty of law, * illustris jurisconsultorum ordo.
FADDLE,Vid. To TRIFLE.
FADE, deflorescere (properly, of flowers ; also figuratively ; e. g., of delights ; amores et deliciæ mature et celeriter deflorescunt, Quintilianus) :marcere (to wither ; properly of garlands, etc., poetically ; improperly, Livius ; not Cicero or Cæsar) :marcescere (to begin to wither ; not Cicero or Cæsar : Plinius ; also, improperly, of colors, Plinius, 37, 9, 41) :emarcescere (only figuratively, and extremely rare) :decolorari or decolorem fieri (to lose its color ; general term) :flaccescere (to grow flaccid by losing its moisture ; frons, Vitruvius). || TRANS.To cause to fade ( = wither), either by circumlocution with efficere ut deflorescat, marceat, etc. ; marcidum reddere ; or siccare, torrere, torrefacere (to dry up). || To cause to fade ( = grow pa ler), colorem ex aliqua re eripere (to take out the color ; e. g., solis radii lambendo colorem…eripiunt) ; * pallidum or decolorem reddere :hebetare (to make a bright object dull, Plinius).|| Faded, marcidus (mostly poetically and post-Augustan) :marcens (mostly poetically; both, also, improperly) :qui (quæ, quod) defloruit.
FADING, s., by circumlocution : Cf., marcor (e. g., of the lungs, of crops that are diseased, etc.) does not belong here.
FAG, || INTRANS.To languish, grow faint [vid. LANGUISH, FAINT]. || To work hard at a study (colloquial), elaborare in re :operam dare alicui rei :incumbere in aliquid :to fag hard at anything, animo toto et studio omni in aliquid incumbere ; desudare et laborare in aliqua re. || TRANS.To fatigue, vid.
FAG-END, rejicula (plural ; the worst or rejected part).
FAGOT, sarmentum (small twigs or boughs, whether green or dry).A bundle of fagots, fascis or fasciculus sarmentorum.
Fagots, sarmenta arida (Livius).
FAGOT, v., colligare : fasciatim colligare (but the word fasciatim is objected to by Quintilianus) :uno vinculo copulare (Livius).
FAIL, || (a) With reference to insufficient supply, diminished intensity, etc., deesse (to be wanting said of something, the absence of which renders the thing incomplete ; alicui or alicui rei, and absolutely ; it is also used in the sense of failing anybody = not assisting him, not performing him an expected service ; deesse alicui, reipublicæ, amicis, occasioni temporis, etc.) :deficere (to begin to fail ; deficere, of a commencing, deesse, of a completed state ; deficere alicui or aliquem, or, very commonly, absolutely ; fides, tempus, voces, vires deficiunt aliquem [vires deficiunt alicui, Cæsar] ; materia, frumentum, etc., deficere ; (1) also in the sense of anybody’s courage fails, aliquis animo deficit or deficit only : Cf., and (2) of a bankrupt, defici facultatibus, defectum esse facultatibus, Ulpianus, Cf., Defici aliqua re is also used ; e. g. mulier abundat oratione, consilio et ratione deficitur, Cicero) :aliquid mihi non suppetit (no adequate supply of it is present) :deminui (to be diminished
; of strength, etc. Cf., Not diminui) :minui :minuere (to lessen ; on the intransitive use of minuere, vid. Herz. ad Cæsar., B. G., 3, 12) :cessare (not to manifest itself, etc.; very seldom not præ-Augustin ; e. g., cessat voluntas, Horatius) :hebescere (to grow dull ; of one’s sight, spirit, etc.) :senescere (to grow old and so weaker, of persons or things) :inclinari (to turn, and so depart from the highest point ; also, timore inclinatur aliquis, anybody’s courage fails) :infirmari (to be weakened ; e. g., fides testis infirmatur, a witness fails in his cross-examination) :siccari (to be dried up ; e. g. fontes ; fluvii, both Ovidius) :arescere siccitate (also of fountains, but improperly ; Auct., ad Herenn., 4, 6, fin.).My strength fails, viribus deficior or senesco ; vires extenuantur, deficiunt :memory fails, memoria labat, minuitur ; deficior memoria :Anybody’s hope fails, extenuatur alicujus spes et evanescit (Cicero) :my hope of anything fails, alicujus rei spes mihi discedit.His left eye failed him when he grew old, aliquis in senecta sinistro oculo minus vidit (Suetonius, Oct., 79). || (β) With reference to non-fulfilment of anything, non-performance of what was expected or hoped, etc. To fail, ad or in irritum cadere (to come to nothing) ; ad irritum redigi (both of hopes, etc.) :propositum non assequi ; fine excidere (to fail of one’s object) :errare :labi (in aliqua re : to commit a fault) :to fail disgracefully, turpissime labi in aliqua re.He would not pursue an object when there was a possibility of his failing, spem infinitam persequi noluit. To fail a friend, amico deesse ; amicum destituere, etc. [Vid. ABANDON.] To fail in the performance of a duty, officio deesse or non satisfacere :not to fail in the performance of any duty, nullam partem officii deserere ; toward anybody, nullum munus officii alicui reliquum facere. I have never failed you in the performance of kind offices, tibi nullum a me pietatis officium defuit :not to fail in attention, diligence, etc., nihil de diligentia sua remittere.I will not fail you, non deero (will not withdraw my assistance) ; in me non erit mora (no delay, hinderance, etc., shall be caused by me). || (γ) To become bankrupt [vid. BANKRUPT, and Remark on deficere above].(δ) || Followed by infinitive. Not to fail to do anything, non remittere aliquid facere (of never neglecting a precaution one has once adopted, etc., neque remittit, quid ubique hostis ageret, explorare, Sallustius) :recipio tibi (vobis, etc.) me aliquid facturum esse (I undertake to do it).Anything cannot fail to, etc. [vid. “anything MUST.”] Anybody fails to perform his promises, non exsolvit aliquis, quod promiserat ; aliquis promissum non præstat ; fidem non persolvit ; fidem suam non liberat.
FAIL, s., frustratio (want of success ; Quintilianus, 2, 3).Without fail, sine frustratione (without ever being unsuccessful ; Quintilianus, ib.) ; but mostly by adverbs meaning CERTAINLY, vid.
FAILING,Vid. FAULT.κυρικιμασαηικο FAILURE, || With reference to insufficient supply, diminished intensity, etc., defectio (e. g., virium, Cicero) :defectus (e. g., lactis ; in this sense nearly confined to the elder Plinius) :inopia (want ; alicujus rei), or by circumlocution with deficere, deesse, etc. [vid. To FAIL] ; e. g., unless from a failure of memory, nisi memoria forte defecerit.A failure of the crops, sterilitas frugum or annonæ :there was a failure of the crops, male percepti sunt fructus :the long-continued drought had occasioned a partial failure of the crops, frumentum propter siccitates angustius provenerat (Cæsar) :that year was remarkable for the want of rain and consequent failure of the crops, siceitate et inopia frugum insignis annus fult (Livius). || With reference to the non-fulfilment of what was expected, etc. :(1) successus nullus (the want of success) ; or by circumlocution with ad irritum cadere, redigi :the attempt was a failure, male gessit rem :* res alicui parum prospere processit, successit or cessit (the two last Nepos) :the attempt seems at present a failure, quod agit aliquis, parum procedit (Terentianus) : (2) With reference to promises, etc.; by circumlocution with the verbs denoting “to perform a PROMISE :” upon the failure of anybody’s promises, si quis falso promiserit (†), or promissum non fecerit, effecerit, præstiterit, etc. || Of fountains, etc., by circumlocution ; the failure of the springs, * siccati fontes.|| Bankruptcy, vid.
FAIN, adjective, Anybody was fain to do anything, fecit aliquis animo lubentissimo, ut, etc. (Cicero ; if the notion of glad consent is prominent) ; coactus est aliquid facere (if the notion of compulsion is prominent) ; non recusavit aliquid facere, or non modo non recusavit aliquid facere, sed etiam libenter, etc.:facile pati (with accusative and infinitive).
FAIN, adverb, libenter (or lubenter) ; animo libenti or libenti proclivoque ; non invito animo [vid. GLADLY].Often by circumlocution with velle, or by nominative, lubens, volens, non invitus.I would fain, velim, vellem (the present expressing rather an inner necessity, urgency ; the imperfect referring more to a condition ; if this were but possible).
FAINT, || Inclined to faint ; by circumlocution with verbs under “To FAINT.” || Deprived of strength, etc., languidus : lassus :fessus :defessus (wearied ; opposed to integer ; SYN. in FATIGUED) :to become faint, languescere : elanguescere :a viribus defici :to be faint, languere. || IMPROPR., Not lively or fresh, languidus : languens (without strength or life ; of color, look, voice, etc.).A faint color, color languidus, lentus (not lively) ; color dilutus (washy).To grow or become faint, languescere, evanescere :to be faint, languere. || Feeble, vid. || Timid, vid. To damn with faint praise, maligne laudare aliquid (Horatius, Ep., 2, 1, 209) ; * aliquem frigide laudare or * aliquem tarn frigide laudat aliquis, ut pæne castigare videatur.
FAINT, v. || PROPR., animus me relinquit or (post- Augustan) linquit :animus me deficit (especially from excessive heat, per æstum) :animo linquor (post- Augustan) :animo linquor submittorque genu (to fall down in a fainting-fit).I am lying in a fainting-fit, animus me reliquit or liquit ; anima defecit (vid. above) ; also torpeo (vid. Curtius, 3, 6, 14).
Fainting, torpens. || IMPROPR., To be dispirited ; vid. DISPIRITED.
FAINT-HEARTED,Vid. COWARDLY, TIMID.
FAINT-HEARTEDNESS,Vid. COWARDICE.
FAINTING-FIT, subita (animæ) defectio (Suetonius, Cal., 50). Cf., Animæ deliquium is not Latin, animæ defectus, uncertain.To fall into a fainting-fit ; vid. To FAINT.
FAINTLY,Vid. FEEBLY, TIMIDLY.
FAINTNESS, || State of being faint, animæ defectio (Celsus) or defectio only. Vid. FAINTING-FIT. || Feebleness, vid.
FAIR, || Beautiful, vid. || Of weather, winds, etc., serenus (bright, cloudless ; of the sky and weather) :sudus (seudus, not wet ; not rainy ; of the wind and weather) :secundus (favorable ; of the wind).
Fair weather, serenum ; serenitas (or serenitates ; opposed to imbres, Columella) ; sudum : idonea tempestas (with reference to a voyage ; for sailing, ad navigandum) :the weather being fair, sereno ; serenitate :when it is fair, ubi serenum or sudum est :whilst it is fair, dum sudum est :calm and fair weather, tranquilla serenitas :it is becoming fair, disserenascit (Livius) ; but disserenat (Plinius) = it is fair ; when the weather is fair and without wind, quum serenum atque placidum est.A fair wind, ventus secundus, or prosper, or idoneus :to sail with a fair wind, ad occasionem auræ evehi (Suetonius, Oct., 87) :to have the wind fair, ventum nactum esse secundum (Cæsar) :with a very fair wind, secundissimo vento. || Equitable, æquus : justus [SYN. in EQUITABLE] :modicus (moderate ; of price).It is fair, æquum, verum (cf. Livius, 3, 49, fin.), par, jus, fas est, with infinitive., or accusative and infinitive ; to make a fair demand ; to ask only what is fair, æqua postulare.I think it fair, æquum censeo. || Clear (vid.), clarus (of letters, writing, etc.).To write out fair, perhaps pure describere (Gellius, 9, 13, where, however, the meaning is different).To write a fair hand, * clare scribere. || Of complexion, etc, candidus (of a dazzling fairness, etc., puella ; humeri, colla, cervix, ora, etc.) :clari colons : claro colore (bright-colored) :pallidus (pale) :subpallidus (rather pale).Poetical expressions are lacteus (Vergilius), and lacteolus (Catullus ; milk-white) :niveus (snow-white) :eburneus (like ivory). || MISCELLANEOUS PHRASES.To have fair play, libere agere or facere posse (to have full liberty of action) ; in suo jure non or a nullo impediri (not to have one’s rights encroached upon) ; æquos, or incorruptos or incorruptos atque integros habere judices (to have impartial judges).Having a fair outside, speciosus (a, um) pelle decora (Horatius) :by fair means, cum gratia (e. g., impetro, quod postulo, Terentianus) ; cum bona gratia (opposed to cum mala gratia, Terentius, Phorm., 4, 3, 17) :by fair means or foul, * cum gratia aut per vim ; * aut precibus aut vi :to wish to stand fair with anybody, alicui placere velle ; apud aliquem in gratia poni velle.
FAIR, s., mercatus (also as the place) :status in quosdam dies mercatus (Tacitus, Hist., 3, 30, 1) ; Cf., nundinæ = a weekly market.A much-frequented fair, mercatus frequens :to appoint a fair, mercatum instituere :to hold a fair, mercatum habere :to go or come to a fair, to visit it, ad mercatum ire or proficisci or venire. To come the day after the fair, (Proverb) cœna comesa venire.
FAIR-COMPLEXIONED,Vid. FAIR (of complexion) ; end of article.
FAIR-DEALING,Vid. HONESTY.
FAIR-FACED :Vid. FAIR, adjective, (end of article).
FAIRING,
* nundinale munusculum.
FAIRNESS, || Beauty, vid. || Equity, vid. || Of complexion, candor (dazzling whiteness) :cum candore mixtus rubor (white and red beautifully mixed ; Cicero) :color exsanguis (extreme paleness) :pallor : pallidus color (paleness).
FAIR-SPOKEN, blandus : blandiloquus (Plautus) :perblandus (all of a flatteringly courteous person or manner) :perfectus ad persuadendum (persuasive).Vid. COURTEOUS, PLAUSIBLE.
FAIRY, Cf., In fairy tales, “a fairy did so and so,” may be translated by diva quædam ; in other cases * fea, quæ dicitur may perhaps be used, for no Latin word exists that can give the notion.Vid. ELF.
FAITH, || Belief, conviction, opinio (a person’s notion ; his conviction, right or wrong ; in anything, de re) :persuasio (firm conviction of anything ; firm faith in anything, alicujus rei) :fides (credit, credibility ; and hence confidence) :faith in the existence of a God, opinio Dei :faith in immortality, by immortalitas (as Cicero, Tusc., 1, 32, 77 : nemo me de immortalitate depellet) :to have faith in anything, aliquid esse credere (to hold a thing as true or real, opposed to negare esse aliquid) ; * alicui rei vim salutarem tribuere (to ascribe efficacy to a thing ; e. g., to a remedy) ; alicui or alicui rei fidem habere, tribuere ; alicui fidem adjungere (Cf., = not dare or adhibere) ; alicui or alicui rei credere (to believe it) ; alicui rei servire (to regulate one’s conduct by it ; e. g., incertis rumoribus, vid. Cæsar, B. G., 4, 5, extr.) :to put no faith in anybody, fidem alicui abrogare or denegare. || Fidelity, faithfulness [vid. FIDELITY] :in good faith, bona fide (e. g., bona or optima fide polliceri aliquid ; also, fide sua spondere, Plinius, Ep.) :to hold faith with anybody, fidem servare, conservare, præstare :to break one’s faith with anybody, fidem fallere, mutare, frustrari ; fidem non servare ; fidem frangere or violare. || Confident reliance, fiducia ( vid. proper word) :fides (faith in anybody’s honor) :spes firma :spes certa (assured hope).To put one’s faith in anybody or anything, fidere or conhdere alicui or alicui rei ; fretum esse aliquo or aliqua re (to build upon him or it) ; fiduciam habere alicujus rei (to place one’s confidence in it) :To put too much faith in, nimis confidere.
Faith in anybody, fiducia alicujus ; spes et fiducia alicujus (Cæsar) :faith in me, you, etc., fiducia mei, tui (in Plautus, mea, tua fiducia) :full of faith, fiduciæ plenus :to place one’s whole faith in anybody, se totum alicui committere :to have no faith in anybody, alicui diffidere. || In an ecclesiastical sense, fides (faith in a subjective sense ; cf. Vergilius, Æn., 4, 12) :doctrina :formula : lex (in an objective sense, the doctrine, knowledge, or law of faith ; lex Christiana in Ammianus, 25, 10) :religio (general term for religion, also the Christian ; vid. Lactantius, 5, 2, 8 ; so, also, religio Christiana in Eutropius, 10, 16 [8], extr.; Arnob., 3, p. 126, Elm.) :sacra, orum, neuter : or cultus (external Christian etc., worship ; cultus Christianus, Ammianus, 21, 2, 4) Cf., Of course, whenever the Christian or any other faith is meant, an addition, as Christi or Christianus (a, um, or Christianorum ; so, also, Muhammedi, etc.) must be used, unless the context allows the omission.To profess the Christian faith, legis Christianæ esse studiosum (Ammianus, loc. cit.) ; Christum sequi :to adopt the Christian faith, sacra Christiana suscipere (of a whole people, after Livius, 1, 31) :to change one’s faith, adopt another faith, * sacra patria deserere (to forsake the faith of one’s fathers, of a Jew, etc.) ; * mutare sacrorum formulam :to contend for one’s faith, pro religionibus suis bellum (bella) suscipere (to undertake a war or wars for it ; Cicero, Font., 9, 20) ; pro religionibus suis pugnare (to contend for it, to defend it with the sword, loc. cit.).An article of faith, * caput doctrina ; sacra ; ( Cf., caput or articulus fidei is barbarous) :a profession of faith * professio, quid sentias de rebus divinis (which is made) :formula Christiana, lex Christiana (the Christian doctrine and law ; the latter, Ammianus, 25, 10). FAITH, adverb, (as exclamation). næ (in Cicero at beginning of sentence before a personal pronoun, næ tu, ille, etc.) :profecto :sane : certe (particles of asseveration) :Hercle (by Hercules) :per Jovem (by Jupiter) :ita me dii ament (as I wish to be saved).
FAITHFUL, fidus :fidelis (fidus denoting a natural quality, with relative praise ; fidelis, a moral virtue with absolute praise ; Döderlein) :certus (sure ; on whom one can rely ; trustworthy) :verus (true) :A faithful friend, amicus certus, firmus, constans, firmus et constans, fidus, fidelis, or fidelis et firmus :a faithful historian, scriptor, qui ad historiæ fidem narrat :a faithful slave, servus fidelis (domino) ; servus fideli in dominum animo :a faithful likeness, pictura ad rei similitudinem picta ; pictura veritati similis :a faithful copy, exemplum accurate descriptum (of a writing) : imitatio ad similitudinem rei effecta :faithful subjects, cives, qui in officio permanent :to remain faithful to anybody, fidum manere alicui ; fidem servare or tenere (general terms) ; in fide or in officio alicujus manere or permanere (especially of subjects or other dependents).|| The faithful (in ecclesiastical sense), veram Christi doctrinam sequentes :Christianæ legis studiosi (Ammianus, 25, 10, 15).
FAITHFULLY, fideliter (conscientiously ; with reference to the obligations of duty) :bona fide : cum fide (as an honorable man) :vere (truly). FAITHFULNESS,Vid. FIDELITY.
FAITHLESS, || Unfaithful, perfidus :perfidiosus (one who deliberately violates the obligations of duty by breaking faith with anybody ; perfidiosus, of him who does this habitually) :infidelis (utterly without the virtue of fidelity ; opposed to fidelis) :infidus (without even natural trustworthiness ; opposed to fidus). || Unbelieving, qui non facile adduci potest, ut credat (general term) :* qui veram Christi religionem non profitetur (in a Christian sense).To be faithless ; vid. “to break one’s FAITH.” FAITHLESSLY, perfide :perfidiose :infideliter.To deal faithlessly, perfide or fraudulenter agere :mala fide or dolose agere.
FAITHLESSNESS, perfidia (faithlessness, treacherousness ; deliberately violating the obligations by which a person is bound toward anybody) :infidelitas (faithlessness toward anybody to whom one was bound to be true ; thus, Labienus infidelitatem ejus sine ulla perfidia judicavit comprimi posse, Hirtius, B. G., 8, 23).To be guilty of faithlessness ; vid. “to break one’s FAITH.” FALCATED, falcatus.
FALCHION,Vid. SCIMITAR.
FALCON, falco (in Serv., Vergilius, Æn., 10, 145, and Linnæus) :accipiter (the common hawk ; * falco palumbarius, Linnæus).
FALCONER, * falconarius.
FALCONET, * tormentum bellicum, quod falco vocatur, or from context * falco only.
FALCONRY, * venatio falconum ope instituta (as a pursuit) :* ars falconaria (as an art).
FALL, v. (a) = to fall down ; fall to the ground, πίπτειν.(A) || PROPR., cadere ( vid. the proper word in nearly all the meanings of the English word ; e. g., of the falling of persons, of rain, snow, dice, etc.) :decidere (to fall down from anything, re or ex re) :excidere (to fall out of anything, aliqua re, ex or de re) :incidere :illabi (to fall or slip into ; into anything, in aliquid ; e. g., incidere in foveam : to fall into the sea, illabi mari ; but incidere also = to fall upon anything ; e. g., to fall upon anybody’s legs, of a stone, etc., incidere in alicujus crura ; also, super aliquem or aliquid †) :labi (to slip, etc., denotes the commencement of falling, and therefore expresses less than cadere ; cf. Cicero, Phil., 2, 21, init., labentem et pæne cadentem rempublicam fulcire) :delabi (to slip or slide down ; from anything, de aliqua re ; e. g., annulus sponte de digito delapsus est) :defluere (properly, to flow down ; e. g., from heaven, as rain ; then, e. g., to slip or slide down imperceptibly or unobserved to the ground, as a chaplet from anybody’s head).To fall upon anybody, ruina sua comprimere aliquem (of what falls with a crushing weight) :a slippery way on which one can scarcely stand or walk without falling or slipping, via lubrica, qua insistere aut ingredi sine casu aliquo aut prolapsione vix possis (Cicero, Cæcin., 17, 41) :to fall into the sea, etc. (of rivers), in mare effundi or se effundere ; in mare fluere, influere ; in mare erumpere (to break a way by force) :to fall toward, prolabi :to fall from heaven, de cœlo labi, defluere (of rain) :to fall from a carriage, curru excuti ; curru excidere (Ovidius, Fast., 6, 743) :to fall down stairs, labi per gradus ; per gradus præcipitem ire (of a more violent fall) :to fall from a horse, labi ex equo ; cadere ex (de) equo ; decidere (ex) equo ; defluere ex equo in terram (to sink from a horse, of a wounded person, etc.).To fall down at anybody’s feet, knees, etc. [vid. under FUUT, KNEE] :the leaves fall from the trees, folia ex arboribus decidunt :fruit falls from the trees, fructus defluit ; poma cadunt, decidunt (all three, whether ripe or not) :to let one’s toga fall from the shoulders, togam de humero dejicere :to let anything fall, excidit alicui aliquid manu or de (ex) manibus ; delabitur alicui aliquid de manibus (unintentionally) ; amittere aliquid de manu or manibus (through carelessness) ; dimittere de manibus ; omittere aliquid (voluntarily to let go, to throw away ; e. g., one’s shield, arms ; both also figuratively ; e. g., to give up ; dimittere ; e. g., one’s right ; omittere, e.g. hope).To fall into poverty, ad inopiam delabi (Tacitus) ; into a fault, in vitium delabi (Cicero).To fall to the ground ( = be lost, unheeded ; of
a saying), excidere ; in terram defluere (both Cicero, Læl., 15, 68).To fall asleep, [vid. ASLEEP].To fall into a passion, a fit ; to fall in love, etc. ; to fall a sacrifice to, [vid. the substantives].Prov. He has fallen on his feet, haud stulte sapit (Terentius, Heaut., 2, 3, 32).(b) To fall (down), of what also falls to pieces, concidere (of buildings ; e. g., conclave, turris, etc.) :procidere (to fall forward, muri pars ; also of trees) :collabi : prolabi (to sink down, especially of falling down from age) :corruere :proruere (violently with a crash. The compounds of pro also implying motion forward).To fall down from old age, ætate prolabi :to threaten to fall, ruinam minari ; in ruinam pronum esse.(B) figuratively (1) To fall in war, battle, etc., cadere (commonly with prœlio or in prœlio, acie or in acie, bello) ; concidere in prœlio ; occidere in bello :to fall by anybody’s hand, cadere, occidere, interire or perire ab aliquo :to fall fighting, pugnantem cadere :to fall by assassination, per insidias interfici :to fall fighting for one’s country, pro patria cadere :
Eudemus fell in the battle near Syracuse, Eudemus prœlians ad Syracusas occidit.(2) To be taken ; of a town, expugnari : deleri (to be destroyed from the foundation).(3) In a wider sense (e. g., to lose one’s credit, dignity and power, innocence), cadere, corruere (in respect of credit and power) :to begin to fall, labi (vid. Cicero, Rab. Post., 16, 43 ; labentem excepit…nec amicum pendentem corruere patitur) ; auctoritatem suam amittere (in respect of influence) ; benevolentiam alicujus amittere ; in odium alicujus incidere ; in odium alicui venire (in respect of favor with a prince, etc.) ; pudicitiam amittere, vitiari (in respect of innocence, of a female). || To fall = to come upon, etc., to denote the sudden and unexpected attainment of anything, or happening of anything.Anything (e. g., a book) falls into my hands, aliquid incidit in manus (τυγχάνω τιυός) :to fall into the hands (power) of anybody, in manus alicujus incidere, venire :to fall into the hands of one’s pursuers, * ab insequentibus hostibus deprehendi :to fall among robbers, pirates, inter latronum globum incidere (after Livius, 25, 39) ; in turbam prædonum decidere (Horatius) ; a prædonibus capi (Suetonius, Cæsar 4) :to fall into an ambuscade, in insidias incidere, intrare ; insidiis circumveniri :to fall ill, in morbum incidere ; morbo corripi ; adversam valetudinem contrahere :to fall ill of a disease (vid. DISEASE) :to fall into a swoon, etc. [vid. SWOON, etc.] :to fall into suspicion with anybody, cadere in suspicionem alicujus. Hence to fall is, (a) generally, to come to any place ; e. g., the rays of light fall on any place, lumen penetrat aliquo :the light falls from above into the house, * lumen superne domus occipit :(b) to light upon, to befall ; suspicion falls upon anybody, suspicio cadit in aliquem :the guilt falls upon anybody, culpa confertur in aliquem or attribuitur alicui :the lot falls on me, sors contingit me :the choice falls upon anybody, eligitur et creatur alicujus :(c) to happen within a certain space ; of a time, a feast, etc., cadere, incidere, in with accusative :to fall in the same period, in idem tempus incidere :the age of Romulus falls in a century, when etc., in id sæculum Romuli cadit ætas, quum etc. :the money falls due on that day, numi cadunt in eum diem :anything falls upon a day, aliquid incidit in aliquem diem (e. g., in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria, facies me certiorem, C., quum in calendas Januarias Compitaliorum dies incidisset). (d) To be, in expressions such as, it falls very hard upon me, ægre or moleste fero aliquid (i. e., I am displeased, dissatisfied) ; in me unum aliquid incumbit (falls heavily on me alone ; e. g., inclinatio communium temporum, Cicero).(e) Anything falls upon me.(α) I bear the loss (in any transaction), damnum ex aliqua re capio.(β) I must undertake it myself ; e. g., all oppressive burdens, which formerly were common, fell upon the principal men of the state, omnia onera, quæ communia quondam fuerant, inclinata sunt in primores civitatis :the children fall upon the mother only, matri soli liberi sunt educandi.(γ) I bear the blame of a thing, culpa in me confertur or transfertur ; culpa mihi attribuitur :(f) to come into the possession of anybody, to fall to his share or lot, obtingit mihi aliquid (especially by lot or choice, when it is somewhat accidental) :venit or obvenit mihi aliquid (by good luck, lot, or choice, more with reference to the effect or consequence of it) :contingit mihi aliquid (commonly of some favor of fortune ; e. g., commoda) :nanciscor aliquid (I obtain it by chance or lot, without any co-operation of mine) :redit aliquid ad me (anything comes to me from or after another possessor ; anything becomes my properly).An inheritance has fallen to me, [vid. INHERITANCE] :anybody’s property falls to me by law, alicujus bona lege ad me redeunt.The province of Syria falls to the lot of Scipio, Scipioni Syria obvenit or obtigit. || To sink, be diminished, decrease in height, (A) PROPR.,of a cloud, etc., delabi : desidere (to settle on the ground) :the water of this fountain rises and falls three times in the day, hic fons ter in die crescit decrescitque :the barometer falls, * Mercurius (in tubo Torricelliano) descendit.(B) IMPROPR., figuratively, (a) of the voice, the tone, cadere :to let the voice fall, vocem remittere (in delivery) ; * voce inclinata canere (in singing) : (b) to lessen, diminish ; of price, etc., minui ; imminui :the price of corn has fallen, annona laxat, levatur :an article falls in price, * pretium mercis imminuitur ; * res fit vilior :his authority has fallen, auctoritas ejus imminuta est.
FALL AWAY = revolt, desert. Vid. FALL OFF, IMPROPR. (b). FALL BACK, || Retire, vid. || To have anything to fall back upon, est alicui regressus (ad aliquid) ; regressum habere ad aliquid (e. g., ut si domestici imperii tædeat, sit regressus ad principem patresque, they might be able to fall back upon, etc., Tacitus, Ann., 12, 10, fin.). FALL OFF, decidere [vid. under FALL, A, 1].IMPROPR., (a) decrease, minui :imminui ; in flesh, corpus amittere (opposed to corpus facere) :(b) desert, revolt, deficere, desciscere ab aliquo (to anybody, ad aliquem) ; deserere aliquem (leaving him in difficulties). FALL ON or FALL UPON, || PROPR., [vid. under FALL, A, 1].To fall upon anybody’s neck, in alicujus collum invadere (with impetuosity, Cicero, Phil., 2, 31, fin.) ; brachia alicujus collo or manus alicujus cervicibus injicere :alicujus cervices manibus amplecti. || To rush toward with violence or hostility, invadere, irruere, involare in with accusative (to fall upon a country, anybody’s possessions, etc.).To fall upon = attack, vid. To fall upon the enemy, the rear, the flank, etc. Vid. ATTACK, and the substantives FLANK, REAR. FALL OUT, PROPR., excidere (of teeth ; swords from the hand ; anybody from a ship, etc.), re, ex or de re (e. g., gladii de manibus). || IMPROPR.(a) To happen, vid.:(b) = quarrel, vid.
FALL SHORT, deficere alicui or aliquem (to fail ; opposed to superesse).Provisions, wine, began to fall short, res frumentaria, vinum aliquem deficere cœpit. FALL UNDER,To fall under the dominion of anybody, in alicujus ditionem venire ; sub alicujus imperium ditionemque cadere ; sub nutum ditionemque alicujus pervenire.
FALL, s., || A falling down, or the state or condition of falling, casus (general term, also, of the fall of a tower or other high building) :lapsus (a slipping, sliding, especially a fall in consequence of a false step ; then also of a landslip, terræ lapsus) :ruina (a fall of a great mass, of a chamber, tower, etc.) :labes (a gradual fall, especially of the earth, terræ).To have a fall, cadere ; labi (to slip out or down) :to have a severe fall, graviter cadere or concidere (poetically). || figuratively,(a) e. g., destruction, ruina (both of a state and of a mercantile house, in which last sense we may say ruinæ fortunarum mercatoris alicujus, after Cicero, Cat., 1, 6, 14) :excidium (e. g., the destruction of a state ; e. g., of Carthage) :casus (the destruction of a person) . (b) the fall of a person from the height of his dignity, * amissa alicujus auctoritas or dignitas ; * amissa principis gratia (loss of the favor of a prince).|| Diminution in the height of a liquid body, decessus :recessus (especially the ebb of the tide ; [vid. EBB]) :the fall of the barometer, * descensus mercurii (in tubo Torricelliano).A fall of water, delapsus aquæ.To have a fall for water (of a field), delapsum aquæ habere.
FALLACIOUS,Vid. DECEITFUL, DECEPTIVE.
FALLACIOUSLY,Vid. DECEITFULLY, DECEPTIVELY.
FALLACIOUSNESS,Vid. DECEIT, DECEPTION.
FALLACY, || Fallaciousness [Vid. DECEIT, DECEPTION]. || Sophism, sophisma, -atis, neuter : conclusiuncula fallax :cavillatio :captio dialectica or sophistica (SYN. in SOPHISM).To detect a fallacy, sophisma diluere ; captionem refellere or discutere.
FALLIBILITY, by circumlocution Fallibility belongs to men, humanum est errare.
FALLIBLE, qui errare, labi, falli potest.Sometimes also fallax.
FALLING OUT, Vid. QUARREL.
FALLING-SICKNESS, morbus comitialis :vitium comitiale (Cf., epilepsia occurs first in later writers) :to have the fallinf-sickness, morbo comitiali correptum esse (in a single case) ; morbo comitiali laborare (to be subject to it) :one who has it, comitialis. Vid. EPILEPSY.
FALLOW, adjective, sine cultu :the land lies fallow, ager cessat, quiescit, requiescit, cultu vacat :to lie fallow every alternate year (of land), alternis cessare (poetically) :to let land lie fallow every other year, relinquere agrum alternis annis (Varro) :to let the land lie fallow, * quietem dare agro :that does not
lie fallow, restibilis.
FALLOW, s., vervactum (a field which, after a time of rest, is again ploughed and sown) :ager novalis : novale (a field which, after two years’ rest, is ploughed up and sown) :veteretum (a field that has for a very long time lain fallow) :to sow a fallow, frumentum serere in terra, quæ proximo anno quievit.
FALLOW, v., agrum novare, proscindere, vervagere [SYN. in FALLOW, s.].
FALSE, (1) Not genuine, adulterinus (counterfeit ; opposed to verus, bonus ; as a key, money, a seal, etc.) :falsus (forged, falsified ; opposed to verus). (The words are found in this connection and order.) falsus et corruptus (e. g., a letter) :subditus :suppositus (supposititious, as a will, etc.) :alienus (that does not belong to us ; e. g., libellos sub alieno nomine edere, Suetonius, Oct., 55) :simulatus (feigned, pretended ; opposed to verus ; e. g., joy, friendship, piety) :fucatus :fucosus (that has only an outward good appearance ; opposed to sincerus, probus ; e. g., goods, friendship, etc.) :fallax (deceitful, cheating ; e. g., hope). (The words are found in this connection and order.) fallax et fucosus (e. g., goods) :ementitus (made as a lying imitation of the true thing). (The words are found in this connection and order.) ementitus et fictus (Cicero).
False teeth, dentes empti (Martisalis, 14, 56) :false hair, capillamentum :in a false manner, [vid. FALSELY]. || Not upright, not true, falsus (general term, who is not what he appears to be, not open-hearted) :fallax (that is used to cheat and deceive, deceitful) :fraudulentus (that has a disposition to cheat, and accordingly does cheat) :dolosus (that proceeds or acts unconscientiously and deceitfully).How false thou art! ut falsus es animi! (Terentius, Eun., 2, 2, 43). (2) Not true, falsus (e. g., intelligence, news, suspicion, hope, witness, testimony ; a prophet, vates, Livius ; friends, Plant. ; judgements, opinions, charges, Horatius) :fictus (feigned) :commenticius (imaginary) ; (The words are found in this connection and order.) falsus fictusque (e. g., witnesses, testes).A false oath, perjurium :to take a false oath, perjurare ; pejerare (to take a false oath with the will or designedly ; not to be confounded with falsum jurare ; i. e., net designedly, unintentionally, in the belief that the thing is really so ; vid. Cicero, Off., 2, 29, 108).(3) Not right, not so as the thing ought to be, falsus.:* perperam or male positus (wrongly put, as a number, word) :false measure, mensura non justa :a false weight, * pondus vulgari levius (too light ; but pondus iniquum, Vergilius Georg., 1, 164, = immoderately heavy) :a false note, falsa vocula (Cicero, De Or., 3, 25, 98).A false step, error (a mistake) ; lapsus (a slip) :to make a false step, errare ; labi.A false key, clavis adulterina (opposed to clavis vera, Sallustius, Jug., 12, 3).To sing a false note, * dissonum quiddam cantare :to give a false interpretation of anything, perperam interpretari (Cf., not male interpretari = to put an unfavorable construction on). || Untrue, faithless, vid. To play anybody false ; vid. To DECEIVE.
FALSE-HEARTED, falsus animi .How false-hearted you are! ut falsus es animi! (Terentius, Eun., 2, 2, 43).
FALSEHOOD, s., || Falseness, vanitas, or by circumlocution with adjectives ; e. g., to prove the falsehood of anything, aliquid falsum esse probare (Quintilianus). Cf., Falsitas is not found till Arnobius ; modern editors discard it from Cicero, Cluent., 2.|| A false thing, falsum :vanum :mendacium (a lie) :not to utter a falsehood, nihil falsi dicere ; non mentiri ; verum dicere. Vid. LIE.
FALSELY, simulate : fallaciter (deceitfully) :falso (in a manner inconsistent with its appearance ; not according to the true nature of the thing itself ; opposed to vere or vero ; according to Döderlein, it supposes not willful deception, but error) :false ( very rare ; false assentiri is the reading of ail the MSS., Cicero, Acad., 2, 46, 141) :perperam (in a manner the reverse of right ; opposed to recte) :secus (otherwise than as it should be ; e. g., to judge of anything) :vitiose (faultily ; e. g., to draw an inference, concludere).To pronounce falsely, perperam pronunciare :have they judged truly or falsely ? utrum recte an perperam judicatum est ? to use a word falsely, perperam or non recte dicere verbum.
FALSENESS, || Want of truth, falsum (Cf., falsitas first in Arnobius, 1, 33). || Want of uprightness, fraus (deceit) :fallacia (cheating, imposture ; hence, also, falsehood) :dolus (mischievous cunning) :perfidia (faithlessness).
FALSETTO, falsa vocula (Cicero, De Or., 3, 25, 98).κυρικιμασαηικο
FALSIFICATION, adulteratio (the making anything not genuine by the admixture of something).
For the falsification of writings, etc., circumlocution with verbs under “to FALSIFY” must be used.The falsification of a will, by falsum testamentum ; falsæ tabulæ :charged with the falsification of a will, falsarum tabularum reus :to plead a cause about the falsification of a will, de falso testamento agere (as accuser or his counsel) :to be incapable of falsification, corrumpi or vitiari non posse.A charge of falsification, crimen falsi :a trial about falsification, causa falsi (Jurisconsulti).
FALSIFIER,Vid. COUNTERFAITER.
FALSIFY, corrumpere (to corrupt by an internal change of quality) :vitiare (to make faulty ; pecunias, merces) :adulterare (to falsify by the admixture of what is not genuine ; e. g., numos, merces) :interpolare (to give anything a good appearance by dressing it up, as it were, by spurious additions ; merces) :transcribere (to falsify in copying).To falsify documents, tabulas corrumpere, vitiare (general terms) ; tabulas interpolare (by erasing letters, and introducing others neatly, so as to be likely to avoid detection) ; tabulas interlinere (to erase [properly in wax] words from between other words ; or to erase words so completely as to conceal, if possible, the fact of any having originally stood there) ; (The words are found in this connection and order.) tabulas corrumpere atque interlinere ; tabulas transcribere (to falsify it in transcription ; write it wrong) :to falsify a will ; vid. “to FORGE a will.” || To falsify one’s word, etc., fidem fallere, mutare, frustrari, non servare : fidem frangere, violare.
FALSITY,Vid. FALSENESS, FALSEHOOD.
FALTER, balbutire (to stammer ; also to speak hesitatingly and indistinctly ; from want of confidence ; opposed to aperte et clara voce dicere, Cicero) :titubare (to stumble, etc., of witnesses who get confused ; Cicero, Auct. ad Her., subdola lingua titubat, Ovidius) :titubanter et inconstanter loqui de aliqua re (Auct. ad Her., 4, 41, 53) :labare sermone (Plinius, 14, 22, 82 ; to speak with an unsteady or uncertain voice, from hesitation, etc.) :hærere (to be at a loss ; to stick fast).To speak without faltering, aperte et clara voce dicere (Cicero).
FALTERING, s., hæsitatio (hesitation in speaking ; from confusion, etc.) :tractus verborum (the drawling out of words, from not being able to get on from want of confidence ; quanta hæsitatio tractusque verborum, Cicero, De Or., 2, 50, 202) : Cf., hæsitantia linguæ is the natural defect of stammering ; titubatio, linguæ titubatio, the stumbling in one’s speech ; the latter, Macrobius.
FALTERINGLY, titubanter. (The words are found in this connection and order.) titubanter et inconstanter (e. g., loqui de re) :hæsitabundus (Plinius, 1, 5, 13 ; hæsitabundus inquit ; interrogavi).
FAME, || Report, vid. || Glory ; good report, fama :laus :gloria : præconium [SYN. in GLORY].To earn fame, laudem sibi parere or colligere ; gloriam acquirere, consequi or adipisci :to confer undying fame on anybody, aliquem immortali gloria afficere ; sempiternæ gloriæ aliquem commendare. [Vid. GLORY].To deprive anybody of his fame, aliquem fama spoliare :to detract from his fame, de fama alicujus detrahere.
FAMED,Vid. CELEBRATED.
FAMILIAR, || Pertaining to a family ; domestic, familiaris :domesticus. (The words are found in this connection and order.) domesticus ac familiaris. || Intimate, familiaris :domesticus :intimus (SYN. in INTIMATE).Anybody’s familiar friend, alicujus or alicui familiaris : familiaris amicus (Plinius) : a mast familiar friend, familiarissimus (alicujus) :qui est ex alicujus domesticis atque intimis familiaribus (Cicero). [Vid. INTIMATE.] || Intimately known, well-acquainted, familiaris (e. g., hunc, qui familiarior nobis…est. Demosthenem, Cicero ; vox auribus meis familiaris, Petronius) :bene notus (well-known). Cf., To translate ” with which we are familiar, ” say qui nobis est familiaris, bene notus, etc. :to be familiar with anything, aliquid mihi familiare or bene notum est :familiariter novi aliquid (Quintilianus). [Vid. ACQUAINTED.] || Affable, intimate (in manner) with those beneath us, communis (e. g., communis infimis, par principibus, Nepos). [Vid. AFFABLE.]To be familiar with anybody, familiariter loqui cum aliquo (Cicero) :familiarius vivere cum aliquo (with reference to the terms on which one lives). [Vid. AFFABLE.] || Simple, not elevated, etc., with reference to style, ad sensum popularem vulgaremque or ad commune judicium popularemque intelligentiam accommodatus (popular ; Cf., not popularis or familiaris in this sense, though familiaris interpretatio has been commonly used, and lately even by Orelli) :familiariter scriptus (in the style of a friend writing naturally and confidentially to a friend ; Cicero). || A familiar spirit, * umbra, quæ alicui adest : genius alicujus, or (after Servius’s definition) naturalis deus alicujus.
FAMILIAR, subst.Vid. “FAMILIAR friend” and INTIMATE.
FAMILIARITY, || Intimacy, familiaritas
: usus familiaris : usus :consuetudo. (The words are found in this connection and order.) domesticus usus et consuetudo :consuetudo ac familiaritas. [Vid. INTIMACY]. || Intimate acquaintance with anything, cognitio, notitia, or scientia alicujus rei [SYN. in KNOWLEDGE].|| Condescending i ntimacy, affabilitas :comitas affabilitasque sermonis.
FAMILIARLY, familiariter (in nearly all the senses of the English word ; e. g., vivere or loqui cum aliquo ; nosse aliquid ; scribere aliquid = in the style of a friend writing to a friend).
Familiarly known, bene notus, familiaris (alicui).
FAMILY, familia (general term) :servitium :servi et servæ (the slaves, male and female) : famuli et famulæ (the servants or attendants, male and female).My family, mei (vid. Gierig. Plinius, Ep., 5, 6, 46), (1) In a more confined sense, the parents with their children together with the servants, familia :domus (house = family, as in English) ; or, the children only, liberi, proles, progenies, stirps :have you a family ? num liberis auctus es? (2) In a wider sense ; a whole family with all the relations belonging to it, gens, also genus (the whole family, as the Cornelian) :familia (a part, branch of the gens ; thus the gens Cornelia embraced the families of the Scipiones, the Lentuli, etc.) :stirps (the root of a gens, familia ; i. e., the first ancestors from which these sprung ; e. g., of the family of Priam, de Priami stirpe) :cognati (general term relations) :of a good family, * generosa stirpe ortus (of noble descent) ; honesto loco natus (of honorable descent) :of an old family, antiquo genere natus :a man that is not of a noble family, homo sine gente : belonging to a family, gentilis (of persons and things) ; gentilicius (of things) :concerned with, suited to, or happening in a family, gentilicius ; familiaris ; domesticus (domestic) ; privatus (private ; both as opposed to publicus) ; (The words are found in this connection and order.) domesticus ac privatus : intestinus (occurring within a family and confined to it, opposed to externus) :with which adjectives all connections with “family” may be rendered in Latin, of which the most common are subjoined :family affairs, domesticæ res ac privatæ :a family compact, fœdus domesticum :a family inheritance, hereditas gentis or gentilicia ( properly) ; gentile bonum (figuratively ; that has always been in the family ; vid. Tacitus, Ann., 2, 37, 5) :a family fault or defect, vitium avitum :a family secret, arcana domus ; to reveal it, vulgare (Tacitus, Ann., 1, 6, 3) :a family picture, * imago gentilicia :
Family concerns, negotia familiaria :members of a family, domestici (in a confined sense) ; gentiles (in an extended sense) :all the family, totius cognationis grex (Curtius, 8, 2, 31) :
Family tomb ; vid. “family TOMB :” family estate, * prædium gentilicium :the head of a family, pater familias :family quarrel, * discordia familiæ, domesticorum ; discordiæ, quibus domus evertitur : discordia intestina ; * dissensio gentilium, etc. :a family name, nomen gentile or gentilicium (Suetonius, Ner., 41 ; Claud. 25) :a sacrifice peculiar to a family, sacra (sacrificia) gentilicia :a family council, consilium familiare :family right, jus gentium ; jura familiaria (neuter plural) :the glory of a family, gloria domestica :the disgrace of the family., nota gentilicia ; commune familiæ dedecus :a family seal, signum gentis (after Suetonius, Oct., 94) :family cares, domesticæ cuiæ :to free from family cares, domesticis curis levare aliquem :family pride, spiritus gentilicii (after Livius, 4, 42) :a family party, cœna familiaris (vid. Suetonius, Tit., 9 ; aliquem cœnæ familiari adhibere : i. e., to introduce to the family) :a family in mourning, familia funesta :family records, tabulæ gentiliciæ :the place in which family records are kept, tablinum :to be the father of a family, liberos habere ; liberis auctum esse :family connection, domesticus usus et consuetudo ; privata consilia, orum, neuter (vid. Livius 1 , 42) ; privatæ necessitudines ; necessitudo (vid. Herz., Sall., Cat., 17, 3) :a loss sustained by a family, clades domestica :family arms, * insigne gentilicium :Many noble families are put in mourning by this event (newspaper), multæ et claræ lugubres domus (Livius 3, 32). || FAMILY WORSHIP, domestica religio (Suetonius, Claud., 12) :sacra privata (plural, properly ; private sacrifice, etc.).To celebrate family worship, * privatim sacris operari. || A family physician, medicus domesticus et familiaris.
Family medicine, * medicamentum domestico usui destinatum. || A friend of the family’s, familiaris amicus ; familiaris : perfamiliaris :alicujus familiæ amicissimus. FAMINE, fames, or, more fully, inopia et fames. The famine which then prevailed, fames, quæ tum erat :a famine was beginning to be felt, fames esse cœpit :to export corn in a famine, in fame frumentum exportare :to be suffering from famine, inopia et fame premi :to support his fellow-citizens at his own cost during a time of famine, ab ore civium famem suis impensis propulsare.
FAMISH, || TRANS., Kill with hunger, aliquem fame necare or interficere :inedia necare. || INTRANS., To perish or be perishing from hunger, fame mori ; fame perire or interire (from want of the means of supporting life ; general terms) ; fame or inedia necari (as punishment ; ” to be starved to death ;” the latter, in Cicero, of Regulus).
FAMISHED, fame or inopia, confectus :inedia necatus (Cicero).
FAMOUS, inclytus or inclutus (known by name, of name, of note, remarkable) :celebratus (celebrated, praised) :illustris :perillustris (that shines forth before others, distinguished) :clarus :præclarus (that has stepped forth out of obscurity, distinguished ; clarus, according to its signification, frequently with a word joined to it, as, gloria, bello, pace, etc. ; vid. Herz., Sall., Cat., 3, 1) :nobilis (known, of note in the world ; known by report among mankind, by service, knowledge, etc.). (The words are found in this connection and order.) nobilis et clarus. Cf., Celeber, much visited and sought after, and much spoken of, is used of places at which there is a great concourse of men, and of teachers who have a large auditory.In the Golden Age, famosus has only the signification ” infamous.” Very famous, illustri laude celebratus ; claritate præstans :famous for learning, nobilis et clarus ex doctrina :to be famous, gloria florere ; esse in laude :to be very famous, gloria circumfluere ; omnium sermone celebrari ; in magno nomine et gloria esse : magna celebritate famæ esse :to be very famous as a speaker, magnum in oratoribus nomen habere :he is famous far and wide, ejus nomen longe atque late vagatur :to become famous, nominis famam adipisci ; gloriam consequi or assequi ; in gloriam venire ; in claritudinem pervenire ; crescere (Ruhnken, Terentius Heaut. Prolog., 28 : Cf., clarescere and inclarescere belong to the Silver Age) :to become famous by anything, illustrari aliqua re ; clarum fieri re or ex re :to render famous, celebrare, illustrare, nobilitare (this also of an event or occurrence, as, of a battle which renders a place famous), aliquem et aliquid ; gloriæ commendare, gloria afficere aliquem (of a deed, etc.), alicui famam conficere ; illustrem reddere aliquem :to make one’s self famous, gloriam or famam sibi acquirere, comparare claritudinem sibi parare :to desire to make one’s self famous, gloriam quærere, sequi ; famæ studere, servire, inservire.
FAMOUSLY, nobiliter (Vitruvius ; in a splendid or admirable manner).Sometimes bene, optime, etc.
FAMOUSNESS,Vid. CELEBRITY.
FAN, s., flabellum (for cooling ; also improperly = “a fan to inflame” anything [Hooker], quasi flabellum seditionis, qua aliquid est ventilatum, Cicero). || Winnowing-fan, vannus : ventilabrum.
FAN, v. || PROPR., (æstuanti) alicui lene frigus ventilare (Martisalis) :flabello ventulum alicui facere (comedy) :ventilare (e. g., aliquo ventilante cubabat, Suetonius). || IMPROPR., Kindle (sedition, etc.), quasi flabello ventilare aliquid (after Cicero, Flacc., 23, 54) :conflare :accendere (to kindle wrath, a war, quarrel, etc.).
FANATIC, fanaticus.A fanatic, fanaticus.
FANATICALLY, fanatice.
FANATICISM, * error fanaticus.
FANCIFUL, stultus et inæqualis (Seneca, Vit. Beat., 12) :homo, cui nihil æquale est (after Horatius ; irregular ; eccentric) :ineptus :absurdus :ineptus inersque (foolish, lazy person, never acting steadily) :morosus :difficilis. (The words are found in this connection and order.) difficilis ac morosus (indulging such fanciful humors, that it is almost impossible to please him).
FANCIFULLY,There is no adverb that answers to this.Sometimes mire : mirum in modum (strangely) :varie (with variety) :ad libidinem, ex libidine (according to individual fancy, without regard to the general practice) :insolenter (unusually).
FANCIFULNESS,No exact word ; sometimes deliciæ (dainty fancies) :insolentia (unusualness).
FANCY, animus : sensus. (The words are found in this connection and order.) animus et sensus. [Vid. IMAGINATION.] Cf., Not phantasia, though it may be necessary to retain it as a technical term : * cogitationis luxuria or nimia quædam ubertas. [Vid. IMAGINATION.]To have a lively fancy, acute moveri. || A fancy = an unfounded, wayward notion, somnium (dream) :opinionis commentum : commentum mirum (strange fancy) ; in plural, ineptiæ, nugæ (nonsense, folly, etc.) :cura inanis (a groundless anxiety).To take fancies, inanes species anxio animo figurare :* inanibus curis se dare (of gloomy fancies) :Away with your melancholy fancies, omitte tristitiam tuam :these are mere fancies, hæc falsa et inania sunt :a foolish fancy occurred to me, ineptum
aliquid mihi in mentem venit :to accommodate one’s self to anybody’s fancies, ad alicujus arbitrium or voluntatem se fingere, or se accommodare ; se totum ad alicujus nutum et voluntatem convertere ; totum se fingere et accommodare ad alicujus arbitrium et nutum :according to one’s own fancy, ad libidinem :ex libidine :to follow one’s fancies, animi impetum æqui (whatever impulse seizes one). [Vid. HUMOR.] || Inclination (for anything), vid. To take a fancy for anything, libido me capit, libidinem habere in aliqua re (Sallustius, Cat., 7, 4) :to have a fancy for doing anything, facere aliquid libido est (Plautus, Pers., 5, 2, 26) :to take a violent fancy to do anything, magna (tanta, etc.) libido aliquid faciendi aliquem invadit (Sallustius) :to take a fancy for anybody, se inclinare ad (or in) aliquem (also aliquid) ; inclinatione voluntatis propendere in aliquem :a fancy for anybody, propensa in aliquem voluntas ; propensum in aliquem studium :to have taken a fancy to anybody, propenso animo or propensa voluntate esse in aliquem :to have no fancy for anything, ab aliqua re alienum esse or abhorrere ; nolle aliquid :to have no fancy either to…or, neque…neque…in animo est(Tacitus) .|| FANCY GOODS, merces delicatæ (Seneca).A shop for fancy goods, * taberna delicatarum mercium.A dealer infinitive. goods, * qui tabernam delicatarum mercium exercet : institor delicatarum mercium (as calling at the door with them ; Seneca, Ben., 6, 38, 3).
FANCY-BREAD, panis artopticus (Plinius).
FANCY, v., || Imagine, etc., somniare (to dream) :cogitatione sibi aliquid depingere (to picture it to one’s imagination) :videri (seem):To fancy myself ill, * ægrotare mihi videor. || Like ; have a mind to ; vid. LIKE ; “am INCLINED to.” FANG, unguis (claw) :dens (tooth) :The fang of a tooth, * dentis radix.
FANGED, unguibus instructus or armatus : dentibus instructus :dentatus.
FANGLESS, dentibus carens or vacuus : dentibus defectus (comedy, and late) :edentulus (that has lost his teeth) :* unguibus carens, ungues non habeas (without talons).
FANTASTIC,No word.Sometimes mirus :insolitus.
FANTASTICALLY,Vid. FANCIFULLY.
FANTASY,Vid. FANCY.
FAR, adjective, Vid. DISTANT.
FAR, adverb, || (a) To denote distance in time or space, longe (τῆλε; at a great distance ; far, far off ; opposed to prope) :procul (ἄποθεν, at some distance ; opposed to juxta, close by ; says less than longe, and mostly denotes objects that are within sight ; Döderlein. Procul is the right word when we speak of a person’s doing anything at a distance, which is usually done near, etc.).Very far, in immensum (e. g., to shoot, throw, §c.) :to be far from any place, longe or procul ab aliquo loco abesse :far from the town, procul oppido :to be far from each other, multum distare :a far distant place, locus longinquus :to see far, longe prospicere :to come from far, e longinqua or remota terra venire :it is just as far, tantundem viæ est :till far in the night, in multam noctem :far and wide, longe lateque :to advance far in anything, multum proficere in re (to make great progress in it). || Too far, longius.To go too far in anything, longius progredi (properly and figuratively) ; tamquam lineas transire (figuratively, Cicero, Parad., 3, 1, 20) ; in anything, nimium esse in aliqua re : modum excedere or non servare in aliqua re :not to go too far, modum retinere ; modum facere alicui rei ; in words, modum tenere verborum :to go too far in his censures, in vituperatione æquitati parum consulere :to push anything too far, nimis aliquid intendere, urgere, or persequi :to go too far back for anything, altius or longius repetere aliquid. || Far from (with participle substantive, and another verb) :tantum abest (abfuit, etc., impers.) ut…ut (Cf., the second ut is sts followed by etiam, quoque, or even contra ; not by potius, except in a passage of Hirtius, that is rendered suspected by the personal use of abfuerunt). Cf., Cicero, sometimes adds a third ut ; tantum abest ut nostra miremur, ut usque eo difficiles ac morosi simus, ut nobis non satisfaciat ipse Demosthenes, Or., 29, 104 : adeo non…ut (contra) ; adeo nihil…ut (post-classical, Livius).These words, far from having any weight with a single individual, hardly induced the people to respect the persons of the ambassadors, hæc adeo nihil moverunt quemquam, ut legati prope violati sint :the Africans and Carthaginians, far from sustaining this attack, even etc., Afri et Carthaginienses adeo non sustinebant, ut contra etc. Sometimes non modo – sed (or verum) etiam (e. g., my grief, far from being lessened, is even increased, dolor meus non modo non minuitur, sed etiam augetur, Cicero).
Far be it from me (us) etc. ! dii meliora (sc. dent) ! ne id deus siverit! haud nos id deceat ! (after Plautus, Capt., 2, 1, 15) :longe absit propositum illud ! (after Quintilianus, 6, 3, 28) :hæc absint velim (Cf., not absit ut…!) (b) To mark the degree of excess or defect, longe : multo (by much, especially with comparative and superlative).To prefer anything far, longe anteponere :to be far superior, longe præstare or superare :to be far greater, multo or multis partibus majorem esse :the best by far, longe optimus :by far the greatest, longe maximus. || From far, procul : e longinquo. || Far off, longe :procul. || AS FAR AS, (a) of place, usque (with accusative only, or accusative with ad ; e. g., usque Romam, usque ad Numantiam, both Cicero) :as far as you ( = as far as where you are), usque istuc :as far as my mind can look back, quoad longissime potest mens mea respicere :as far as the eye could reach, quo longissime oculi conspectum ferebant :as far as I remember, ut mea memoria est (Cicero, Att., 13, 31) :everybody may consult his own interests, as far as he can do it without injuring his neighbor, suæ cuique utilitati, quod sine alterius injuria fiat, serviendum est :as far, at least, as I have heard, quod quidem nos audierimus. (b) Improperly, of degree, etc. (up to the point that), quatenus (e. g., quatenus videtur habitari, Columella, petentibus Saguntinis, ut, quatenus tuto possent, Italiam speculatum irent, Livius) :quantum (as much as ; e. g., quantum audio, as far as I hear, Terentianus, Andr., 2, 5, 12) :eatenus…quoad (e. g., jus civile eatenus exercuerunt, quoad populum præstare voluerunt, Cicero, Leg., 1, 4).As far as I can, quoad ejus facere possum (potero, potuero) :as far as possible, quoad ejus facere possit :as far as in me lies, quantum in or ad me :as far as usage allows, quoad patiatur consuetudo (Varro) :as far as they can be known by man, quoad ab homine possunt cognosci. Cf., The restrictive or exceptive ” as far as” is commonly translated by quod with subjunctive. As far as you conveniently can, quod commodo tuo fiat :as far as I know, quod sciam. || HOW FAR, (1) dependent interrogative, quoad (e. g., videtis nunc, quoad fecerit iter apertius quam antea ; implying that the degree was very considerable) :quatenus (e. g., in omnibus rebus, videndum est, quatenus, Cicero) :quanto (by how much ; with comparative adverbs of degree, difference, etc. ; videtote, quanto secus ego fecerim, how far otherwise or differently I acted, Cat., ap. Charis. p. 192, P.) :quam longe (at what distance) :quousque (e. g., quousque penetratura sit avaritia, Plinius).(2) Interrogatively, quousque? quousque tandem? (how long? also properly = “how far?” in Gellius, quum decessero de ira, quousque degredi debeo? 1, 3). || SO FAR, eo :eo usque (up to such a point ; only in the old language adeo) :in tantum :tantum (up to such a quantity ; so far) :quoad (up to such a point, till…. etc.) :hactenus :hæc hactenus (when one concludes a speech, etc.).To carry or push it so far, eo usque adducere :he carried his arrogance and folly so far, eo insolentiæ furorisque processit :his impudence went so far, that he held his province, etc., erat adhuc impudens, qui exercitum…teneret :So far on this subject, hæc or de his hactenus :so far on the subject of divination, hæc habui, quæ de divinatione dicerem.
FARCE, mimus, or perhaps fabula Atellana : * fabula ridiculi argumenti.A very laughable farce, mimus oppido ridiculus. || IMPROPR., res ridicula.Anythig is a farce., ridiculum est, etc. (also with accusative and infinitive, Cicero, Quintilianus).
FARCICAL, jocularis :ridiculus : scurrilis.
FARCICALLY, joculariter :ridicule : scurriliter.
FARCY (a disease in horses or cattle), farciminum (Vegetious).
FARDEL, Vid. BUNDLE.
FARE, v. || Journey onwards ; vid. GO ON. || To be in any state, good or bad, est mihi : me habeo : agitur or actum est mecum (only of faring or coining off well, with reference to some one’s good conduct ; with bene, præclare, etc.) : it apud me or de me :How do you fare? or, how fares it with you? quomodo habes? ut vales? quomodo vivis? quid agis or agitur? I am faring well, valeo ; bene or præclare mecum agitur ; res mihi sunt maxime secundæ ; bene habemus nos (Cicero, Att., 2, 8, 1) :it fares better with them than with us, from their etc., ipsi se hoc melius habent, quam nos, quod etc. :his friend fared no better, eadem amici fuit sors :it fared even worse with the conquerors than with the conquered, pejus victoribus quam victis accidit :how will it fare with him ? quid fiet de eo? how did it fare with the army? quæ fortuna exercitus fuit? || To live (with reference to the kind of food that one lives upon), vid.
FARE, s., vectura (cf. Plautus, Most., 3, 2, 138 ; Seneca, Ben., 6, 15, fin.) :pretium vehendi (after Ovidius, Fast., 2, 115).To pay one’s fare, pro vectura solvere. || Food, victuals, vid.
FAREWELL, vale ! fac ut valeas ! cura ut valeas ! (in taking leave, and at the end of letters) :have! haveto ! (over a dead
body). Cf., Vale may also be used substantively (cf. Ovidius, Her., 13, 14, vix potuit dicere triste vale).To bid anybody farewell, salvere or valere aliquem jubere ; alicui valedicere (post-Augustan) :to bid anybody a hearty farewell, multam salutem alicui dicere :to take a last farewell of anybody, ultimum or supremum alicui vale dicere (poetically) :to go away without bidding anybody farewell, insalutatum relinquere aliquem (after Vergilius, Æn.,9, 228). || FIG., I will bid farewell to the forum and the Senate-house, multam salutem et foro dicam et curiæ :to bid the world farewell, renunciare vitæ (Suetonius, Galb. 11). || A farewell poem, propempticon (as title to Statius, Sylv., 3, 2, and Sidon., Carm., 24) :a farewell dinner, cœna viatica (Plautus, Bacch., 1, 1, 61).
FAR-FETCHED, arcessitus (e. g., dictum, forced) :longe petitus (Cicero, opt. gen. Or., 3, 7) or longe repetitus : altius or paullo altius repetitus.
FARM, s., rusticum prædium ( the proper word ; opposed to urbanum prædium = property in houses) :fundus (an estate usually with one or more buildings attached to it) :villa (the country-house, with or without land) :ager : rus (properly, country, opposed to town ; hence, by metonymy = landed estate.In this meaning, as well as in that of country, rus, rure are mostly without a preposition [cf.Plautus, Merc., 3, 3, 25 ; Capt., 1, 1, 10] unless they have an adjective or possessive pronoun with them, when the preposition is mostly, but not always, expressed ; quum in rura sua venerunt, Cicero ; in Albense rus, Plinius ; in Veliterno rure, Plinius ; but also nugari rure paterno, Horatius ; rure dapes parat ille suo, Ovidius).A farm near the town, prædium suburbanum :a small farm, prædiolum, agellus ; also hortuli (cf. Cicero, Eclog., p. 157) :a farm-house, villa :a small farm-house, villula :to go about one’s farms, fundos obire :to till a farm, prædium colere or colere et tueri :the profits of a farm, fructus prædii.
FARM, v. || To cultivate a farm, agrum colere (general term).To be very fond of farming, voluptatibus agricolarum incredibiliterdelectari (Cicero) :a treatise on farming, liber de rebus rusticis, or de agricultura, scriptus. || To give a certain sum for tolls, taxes, etc., in the hope of making profit by them, conducere (general term) :redimere (with the intention of re-letting them in small portions).To farm the taxes, vectigalia redimere :to wish to farm them, ad vectigalia accedere. || To lease or let (the revenues, etc.) : locare : elocare (e. g., gentem Judæorum = ejus vectigalia, Cicero, Flacc., 28, fin.).
FARMER, agricbla :colonus (general term for the cultivator of a farm, Cf., ruricola poetically) :arator (who tilled the state domains for a tenth of the produce ; cf. Cicero, 2 Verr. 3, 23, 57) :politor (a laborer to whom a piece of land was given, to be paid for by a share of the produce ; cf. Cat., R. R., 137, and Schneider, ad loc., p. 175) :homo rusticus (general term). [Vid. COUNTRYMAN.]A farmer of the public revenues, etc., publicanus (with reference to his condition in life) :redemptor vectigalium (with reference to the particular thing he farms).
FARMING, agricultura :res rusticæ [vid. under FARM, v.].
FARRAGO, farrago (with reference to the miscellaneousness of the contents ; Juvenalis, 1, 86) :sartago (with reference to the words, Pers., 1, 80).
FARRIER, || Horse-doctor, medicus equarius (Valerius, Max., 9, 15, 2) :veterinarius (general term for doctor for cattle or horses).To be a good farrier, artis veterinariæ prudentem esse. || Shoeing-smith, * faber ferrarius, qui equis soleas ferreas suppingit.
FARRIERY, pecoris medicina : medicina veterinaria (both including the medical treatment of cattle generally).
FARROW, v. parere :partum edere.
FARROW, s., fetus (suis) or fetura.κυρικιμασαηικο FARTHER,Vid. FURTHER.
FARTHEST, Vid. FURTHEST.
FARTHING, teruncius (the fourth part of an as) :as (a whole as) :nummus (coin, a small coin ; general term for a trifle in money).I cannot bate a farthing, nummus abesse hinc non potest :to pay anything to the last farthing, ad assem solvere :to repay one the expenses to the last farthing, ad assem alicui impensum reddere :it is right to a farthing, ad nummum convenit :we do not put anybody to a farthing’s expense, nullus teruncius insumitur in quemquam (vid. Cicero, Att., 5, 17, 2) :I hope not to put the province to a farthing’s expense during the whole year of my administration, spero toto anno imperii nostri teruncium sumtus in provincia nullum fore (ib., 5, 20, 6) :not to have a farthing in one’s pocket, * ne nummum quidem unum in numerate habere :not to value at a farthing, non assis, ne teruncii quidem facere : non unius assis æstimare :not to be worth a farthing, nihili esse :a man for whom nobody cares a farthing, non semissis homo (Vatin. ap. Cicero, Fam., 5, 10, 1) ; homo non quisquiliæ (Nov. ap. Fest., p. 218, Lindem.) :not to care a farthing for anything, aliquid flocci non facere ; non hujus facere.
FASCES, fasces.To precede anybody with the fasces, aliquem anteire cum fascibus ; fasces alicui præferre :to order the axes to be taken from the fasces, secures de fascibus demi jubere :to lower the fasces to anybody, fasces demittere or summittere alicui :fasces bound with laurel, fasces laureati.
FASCINATE, capere :delenire :permulcere. (The words are found in this connection and order.) capere ac delenire.A fascinating beauty, puella, alicujus forma rapit (properly).To fascinate anybody by his affability, politeness, etc., aliquem humanitate sua capere (Nepos).Cf., Fascinare not to be used in this figurative sense.
FASCINATION, delenimenta, plural : illecebræ.
FASCINE, crates : fasciculus ex virgultis alligatus. To cut wood for making fascines, cædere materiam cratibus faciendis.
FASHION, mos (as a custom ; also in dress, mos vestis) :habitus : ornatus (as manner of dress).A new fashion, habitus novus :the fashion of the day, seculum (the spirit of the age ; cf. Livius, 3, 20, quæ nunc tenet seculum, what is now the fashion of the day ; Tacitus, Germ., 19, 3, seculum vocatur, is called the fashion of the day) :* seculi deliciæ (the favorite fancies of the day) :to be the fashion, in more esse ; mods esse (to be the custom) ; usu receptum esse (to be generally adopted) :it is an old fashion, antiqui moris fuit :this fashion of dress from that time became general, hunc morem vestis exinde gens universa tenet :to order the people to adopt the same fashion (of dress), eodem ornatu etiam populum vestiri jubere :a thing becomes the fashion, alicujus rei mos recipitur ; aliquid in mores recipitur (the custom of anything is adopted) ; aliquid usu recipitur, or in consuetudinem, or morem venit (general term, a thing becomes usual) ; aliquid pullulat (literally, puts forth shoots ; hence spreads, etc. ; e. g., luxuria) ; aliquid inducitur (is introduced, of customs, etc.) :to bring in, introduce a fashion, morem inducere or inferre :to bring anything into fashion, perducere aliquid in morem :to bring in new fashions, novos vestium mores inducere (after Statius, Theb., 12, 591) :to bring in foreign fashions, peregrinos mores inferre (after Juvenalis, 6, 288, sq.) :to bring back an old fashion, antiquum (vestis) morem referre (after Suetonius, Cæsar 20) :to go out of fashion, obsolescere :to dress according to the fashion, aliorum habitum, or ornatum, or amictum imitari :to dress after a foreign fashion, in externum habitum mutare corporis cultum :to be dressed in the height of the fashion, nove vestitum esse (Plautus) :to live as our ancestors did, and not according to the fashion of the day, cultum victumque non ad nova exempla componere, sed ut majorum suadent mores (Seneca, Tranq., 9, 1) :after my fashion, meo more . sicut meus est mos (Horatius) :to be all the fashion [vid. “to be FASHIONABLE”]. || Form or style, vid.
FASHION, v., Vid. To FORM, v.
FASHIONABLE, elegans (tasteful ; of persons) :novus (new ; of things).
Fashionable attire, cultus ad nova exempla compositus (Seneca, Tranq., 9, 1) :a fashionable writer, poet, etc.; a writer, poet, etc., whose works are fashionable, scriptor or poeta nunc (or, of a past time, tum) maxime placens ; scriptor or poeta, cujus opera or carmina hac ætate in manibus sunt (after Plinius, Ep., 1, 2, 6) :a work which is now fashionable, or which it is now fashionable to admire, * libellus, qui hujus ætatis hominibus in deliciis est ; or * quo hujus ætatis homines maxime delectantur, or qui hac ætate in manibus est (after Plinius, ut supra). FASHIONABLY, nove (in the newest style ; e. g., vestitum esse ; Plautus).
FAST, v., jejunium servare (voluntarily to refrain from food for a season ; to keep a fast, especially from religious motives ; vid. Suetonius, Oct., 76) :cibo se abstinere (to abstain from food, especially as a remedy ; Cf., abstinere cibo and simply abstinere are post-classical) :to injure one’s health by fasting, aliquis tam parcus et continens est, ut necessitates valetudinis restringat.
FAST, s., jejunium (a voluntary abstaining from food for some time, a fasting ; then as it were figuratively = hunger) :inedia (a not eating ; the abstaining from food voluntarily or compulsorily, or in consequence of the state of body ; Cf., abstinentia does not occur until after the classical period).To order, appoint a fast, jejunium instituere :to proclaim a fast, jejunium indicare.
FAST-DAY, jejunium.To observe a fast-day, jejunium servare (Suetonius, Oct., 76) :to proclaim a fast-day, jejunium indicere (Horatius, Sat., 2, 3, 291). Cf., Esuriales feriæ (Plautus, Capt., 3, 4, 8) is a merely comical expression for a compulsory fast.
FAST, adjective, || Quick, vid. || Firm, vid., and also FAST, adverb, ( = firmly), and to FASTEN.
FAST, adverb, || Firmly, firme :firmiter :stabiliter [SYN. in QUICK].
Fast asleep, sopitus ; arto et gravi somno sopitus ; or dormiens only :to be fast asleep, arte et graviter dormitare ; arto et gravi somno sopitum esse ; also sopitum esse only (properly) ; dormitare ; dormitare in otio (Plautus) ; oscifare (or oscifari) et dormitare (Cicero, De Or., 2, 33, 144) ; sedere et oscitari (Auct., ad Her., 4, 36 ; all improperly) :to stand fast, * immotum stare :to tie fast, vincire ; devincire, to anything, ad aliquid ; constringere, with anything, aliqua re :to hold fast, tenere ; retinere (properly, of a thief, etc.) ; mordicus tenere (with the teeth ; also improperly, to abide fast or firmly by anything) :to stick fast, adhærere ; inhærere :to make anything fast with a pin, * aliquid acu affigere. || Swiftly, celeriter :cito :festinanter :velociter [SYN. in QUICK, adjective] : raptim (in a hurried manner) :too fast, præpropere :to walk, go, or run fast, celeriter ire ; celeri or citato gradu ire (of persons) ; celeri cursu ferri (of a waggon, a ship, etc.) :to flow fast, incitatius fluere or ferri ; citatum ferri (of a river) :to move, etc., faster (after one had been going slower), gradum addere or corripere ; gradum conferre :a fast-sailing vessel, navis celerrima :this was a very fast-sailing vessel, hæc navis erat incredibili celeritate velis :one that speaks fast, volubilis :the habit of speaking too fast, præceps quædam celeritas dicendi (of an orator) ; citata pronunciatio (a rapid utterance) :to conclude or judge too fast, festinantius judicare.
FASTEN, || To make fast, destinare ad aliquid or alicui rei, or absolutely, (to make fast, especially with ropes, funes, qui antennas ad malos destinant, Cæsar, ; destinare naves ancoris exquatuor angulis, Cæsar) astringere, alligare, deligare ad aliquid ; illigare in re (to tie to or on anything) :annectere aliquid ad rem or alicui rei (to fasten by tying) :assuere alicui rei (to fasten by sewing on) :defigere alicui rei or in re ; infigere alicui rei or in rem (to fix into with a hammer) :figere alicui rei or in re :affigere alicui rei or ad aliquid (general term to join to anything) :agglutinare alicui rei or ad aliquid (to fasten by glueing ; to solder, etc.) ferruminare (to fasten with solder, putty, or any other stuff ; e. g., with bitumen, bitumine ; lead, plumbo ; mostly with the addition of the stuff that is used to effect the combination).To fasten anything with nails, clavis aliquid figere ; to anything, clavis affigere or configere aliquid alicui rei :to fasten with a pin, * aliquid acu affigere. || IMPROPR., To fasten a reproach upon anybody, probrum, labem, or infamiam alicui inferre (cf :Cicero, Cœl., 18, 42) ; labem or labeculam alicui aspergere ; infamia aliquem aspergere :a reproach that, will stick to him, maculam aternam alicui inurere :to fasten one’s eyes on anybody, oculos defigere in vultu alicujus :to fasten a door, etc. [vid. To SHUT]. || To impress upon ; vid. To IMPRESS.
FASTIDIOUS, fastidiosus (of persons ; also of things, aurium sensus fastidiosissimus, Auct., Her.) :morosus : difficilis et morosus (not easy to be pleased, etc.) :delicatus (that is easily offended by anything repulsive, etc., e. g., aures ; Quintilianus).Too fastidious in his choice of words, in cura verborum nimius.
FASTIDIOUSLY, fastidiose :contemptim (contemptuously).
FASTIDIOUSNESS, fastidium. (The words are found in this connection and order.) fastidium et superbia :superbia et fastidium (of a proud fastidiousness).The most extreme fastidiousness., fastidium delicatissimum [Cf., in poetry often fastidia, plural ; e. g., fastidia alicujus ferre, Ovidius] :fastidiousness in anything, nimia in aliqua re cura.
FASTING, s., inedia (general term for not eating) :inedia imperata (ordered ; e. g., by a physician) :fames (as a method of cure) :jejunium (e. g., jejunio vexare ægrum, Celsus, 2, 3, 18, extr.).To subdue one’s appetite by fasting, se longis jejuniis domare (after illos longa domant inopi jejunia victu ; Ovidius).
FASTING, adjective, e. g., fasting-day ; vid. FAST.
FASTING-DAYS, jejunia instituta (after jejunia Cereri instituere).
FASTNESS, || State of being fast, by circumlocution. || Firm attachment (obsolete), vid. || Strong-hold, locus natura or naturaliter, munitus ; castellum natura munitum. Vid. FORTRESS.
FASTUOUS, fastosus (full of or inflated with pride) :tumens inani superbia (one who is proud of imaginary advantages, and displays that pride by gestures ; Phædrus. 1, 3, 4).
FAT, adjective, pinguis (fat, properly, of persons and animals ; then of that which has unctuous parts, as butter, wine, etc. ; or, that abounds in nutritious juices, as land, seed, fodder, etc.; opposed to macer) :opimus (abounding in nutritious juices, stout and fat, of persons and animals and their members ; opposed to gracilis : then, figuratively, fat in respect of produce, of land, etc.; opposed to sterilis :hence agri opimi et fertiles ; then figuratively = that brings in much) :obesus (become fat from over-eating ; unwieldy, gross ; opposed to gracilis, of petsons ; and opposed to strigosus, of animals) :nitidus (shining, sleek, abounding in fat, so that no projecting bones disturb the smoothness of the body, λιπαρός ; vid. Nepos, Eum., 5, 6) :perpastus (properly, well-fed ; e. g., canis, Phædrus, 3, 6, 2) :saginatus (fatted) :adipatus (containing lard or fat ; of food) :luculentus (considerable ; as an office, etc.).Somewhat fat, subpinguis :to make or render fat, pinguem facere or reddere ; opimare ; obesare [Columella ; al. obescare] ; saginare ; farcire (to fatten birds) :to grow or become fat, pinguescere ; nitescere :to be fat, pinguem, etc. esse ; nitere (vid. above on nitidus) :to be too fat, nimia pinguitudine laborare :to grow so fat, that etc., usque adeo pinguescere, ut, etc. (Cato, ap. Varro).
FAT, s.,adeps, m., Plinius ; mostly f., Celsus ; c., Columella (the softer fat of animals which do not ruminate) :sebum, sevum (the firmer fat of ruminating animals, tallow ; adeps Cassii, suillus, anserinus ; sebum vitulinum) :arvina (tallow, in as far as used to grease something ; clipeos tergent arvina, Vergilius) :pingue (the oily fat ; pingue inter carnem cutemque, Plinius) :laridum, lardum (lard ; bacon).
FAT,
FATTEN, || TRANS., saginare (to feed with anything that will produce fatness) :pinguem facere (to make fat) :opimare (of birds, especially) :farcire (to cram with anything, only of fowls).To fatten with anything, alere aliqua re (e. g., with bran, furfuri) :to be good for fattening, conferre ad adipes creandas (or creandos) ; pinguitudinem efficere (e. g., a hog, sui). || INTRANS., pinguescere (to become or grow fat) :nitescere (to be sleek, etc.).
FATAL, fatalis (determined by fate ; dependent on fate ; and then fatally unfortunate, untoward) :perniciosus (hurtful, ruinous).In a less strong sense, miser, infelix, luctuosus.By this fatal war, hoc misero fatalique bello. || Causing death, mortifer.A fatal disease, gravis et mortifer morbus :to have a disorder that will prove fatal, gravi et mortifero morbo affectum esse ; mortifero morbo correptum esse ; mortifere ægrotare (Plautus).
FATALISM, * ratio fatalis.
FATALIST, * cui persuasum est (or qui credit, dicit) omnia 1ato fieri.
FATALITY, || Inevitable necessity, necessitas. || Fatal accident, res adversa :casus adversus : malum.
FATALLY, fato :suo fato : nescio quo fato : quasi aliqua fatali necessitate (Cicero) :fataliter (e. g., definita fataliter, Cicero = by a decree of fate) :infeliciter :misere (unhappily). || In a manner to cause death, mortifere.To have a disorder thai will end fatally, mortifere ægrotare : gravi et mortifero morbo affectum esse : mortifero morbo correptum esse :to be fatally wounded, mortifero vulnere ici :mortiferum vulnus accipere.
FATE, fatum (fate, as a mysterious, immutable law, by which the universe is governed) :fors (chance, as a sort of mythological being, which baffles the plans, etc., of mortals ; τύχη) : fortuna (fortune, not as mere blind chance, but as taking a deliberate part in favor of or against a person ; also of the effect which fatum or fors works) :sors (lot, whether proceeding from a superior power or as the consequence of a man’s own actions ; but with the associated notion of a secret destiny) :casus (chance, unforeseen event, etc.) :eventus (the issue, as it were, of an occurrence, etc.) : eventum (the event itself, as taking a fortunate turn, or the reverse).A happy fate, fortuna secunda or prospera ; sors secunda :an unhappy fate, fortuna adversa ; sors misera ; casus miserabilis :a hard fate, fortuna gravis ; sors acerba ; casus gravis or acerbus :to be exposed to the storms of fate, jactari variis casibus ; jactari varietate fortunæ :it has been my fate to, etc., accidit mihi, ut, etc. :it has been my happy fate to, etc., contigit mihi, ut, etc. :they will all meet with or experience the same fate, omnes eundem fortunæ exitum laturi sunt :to be prepared to bear one’s fate, whatever it may be, ad omnem eventum paratum esse :to bear one’s fate patiently, whatever it may be, quemcumque casum fortuna invexerit, quiete ferre :to take warning by the fate of others, ex aliorum eventis suis rationibus providere (Auct., ad Her., 4, 9, 13) :whatever my fate may be, I shall submit, quæcumque fortuna proponetur, subeatur :so fate would have it, sic erat in fatis (Ovidius, Pont., 1, 7, 56 ; cf. Ovidius, Trist., 3, 2, 1) ;if it should be the will of fate that you should recover, si tibi fatum est convalescere :against the will of fate,
præter fatum :the storms of fate, fulmina fortunæ (e. g., to despise, contemnere, Cicero, Tusc., 2, 27, 66) ; tela fortunæ (vid. Cicero, ad Fam., 5, 16, 2 : homines esse nos, ea lege natos, ut omnibus telis fortunæ proposita sit vita nostra, i. e., “that our life is exposed to all the blows of fate”) ; fortunæ ictus (vid. Seneca, Ep., 80, 3 ; ut fortunæ ictus invictus excipiat) :anybody or anybody’s life is less exposed to the blows of fate, minus multa patent in alicujus vita, quæ fortuna feriat (Cicero, Off., 21, 73) :not by any decree of fate, non fato :the books of fate, libri fatales :to be written in the books of fate, libris fatalibus contineri ; in libris fatalibus inveniri. || The Fates, Parcæ (Parca, singular, Horatius, Pers.) ; Fata.
FATED, fatalis :ill-fated [vid. UNLUCKY].If you are fated (to do so and so), si tibi fatum est (e. g., convalescere).
FATHER, s., pater (the the proper word ; also as title bestowed on elder persons by their juniors) :parens (Cf., genitor, generator are poetical) :father and mother, parentes (poetically, patres) :the fathers, patres (the members of the Senate) :our fathers, patres ; majores (ancestors) :the father of his country, pater patriæ :to take after his father, patrissare (comedy) :as a father, (e. g., to love anybody), ut alterum patrem, in parentis loco : to be the father of one’s country, subjects, etc., consulere ut parentem populo :the kindness of a father, * benignitas paterna :the heart of a father, animus patrius :a father’s joy, gaudium paternum (general term) ; * gaudium ex aucta stirpe or ex nato filio perceptum (from the birth of a child) :* gaudium, quod ex liberis bene moratis percipitur (caused by the good conduct of one’s children) :the name of one’s father, nomen patris ; nomen paternum :father’s brother, patruus :father’s sister, amita :to be a father to anybody, loco or instar patris alicui esse ; aliquem in liberorum numero habere (with reference to a child) :the love of a father, amor paternus or patrius ; caritas patria :to love anybody with the love of a father, patria caritate aliquem diligere.Like a father, patris instar ; ut pater ; ut parens ; patria caritate (with fatherly affection).
FATHER, v. || Adopt, vid. || To ascribe anything (especially a book, poem, etc.) to anybody, addicere aliquid nomini alicujus (Gellius, 3, 3, of plays fathered upon Plautus) ; or ascribere or assignare aliquid alicui. || To claim to be the author of a book, poem, etc., dicere aliquid suum esse :* simulare se aliquid scripsisse :sibi ascribere aliquid (Donat., Vit. Virgilii).
FATHERHOOD, paternitas (in the sense of paternal feeling or conduct, Augustinus, Ep., 232) :animus paternus.
FATHER-IN-LAW, socer.
FATHERLESS,Vid. ORPHAN.
FATHERLINESS, amor paternus or patrius ; caritas patria (e. g., patria caritate aliquem diligere).
FATHERLY, adjective, paternus :patrius :fatherly sentiments, animus paternus, toward anybody, in aliquem (i. e., the sentiments which the father displays ; opposed to animus maternus, fraternus) :animus patrius (fatherly affection ; e. g., Livius, 2, 5, 8 ; opposed to the sternness which Brutus displayed in the character as magistrate).
FATHOM, s., * orgyia (ὀργυιά ; the Romans did not use this measure) :terni cubiti ; or perhaps ulna (a measure varying from six to eight feet). || Penetration or depth, vid. || Fathom-line, cataprorates (= ” linea cum massa plumbea, qua maris altitudo tentatur,” Isid. Orig.).
FATHOM, v. || To sound the depth of water, maris altitudinem tentare (Isid. Orig.). || To penetrate into, explorare :pervestigare :indagare et pervestigare :perspicere :to fathom the truth, quid verum sit, exquirere.
FATHOMLESS, fundo carens (bottomless ; of a river, Plinius, 3, 16, 20) :immensa or infinita altitudine : immensus (that cannot be measured) :inexplicabilis (that cannot be explained from its depth) :the fathomless depth of the sea, infinita maris altitudo.
FATIDICAL, fatidicus :divinus.
FATIGUE, v., fatigare :defatigare (properly and improperly ; defatigare stronger term).Not to fatigue the reader, ne lectorem defatigemus :to fatigue one’s self, se fatigare, with anything, aliqua re ; se defatigare (Plautus, Terentianus) :se frangere : se frangere laboribus (by exertion, etc.) :to be fatigued, fatigari ; defatigari, by or with anything, in re :fatigued, fatigatus ; fessus ; lassus. (The words are found in this connection and order.) fessus lassusque (fatigatus implies the diminution of strength, which causes a man to need rest : lassus, the weariness which longs for rest :fessus is the more general term, implying both the diminution of strength, and the sense of weariness ; hence used of being tired of a war, tired of weeping, tired by a journey, etc.::lassitudo is less than fatigatio :lassitudo, quæ citra fatigationem est, Celsus).
Fatigued by a journey, de via fessus :quite fatigued, defatigatus ; defessus ; lassitudine confectus.
FATIGUE, s., fatigatio :defatigatio : lassitudo (lassitude) :languor (languor) :labor (great exertion) :the fatigues of the journey, vexatio viæ (Columella) :able to bear fatigue, patiens laboris.
FATNESS, pinguitudo (of any kind of fatness, as well of animals as of the soil, etc.) :obesitas (the plumpness of persons and beasts ; opposed to gracilitas) :pinguedo (the greasy condition or thickness of anything).
FATTEN,Vid. To FAT, v.
FATTY, adipatus (e. g., puis, edulium).
FATUITY, fatuitas : stultitia, etc. Vid. FOLLY.
FATUOUS, fatuus, vecors, etc. Vid. FOOLISH.
FAUCET, epistomium (ἐπιστόμιον) ; pure Latin, obturamentum. Cf., The “spigot” was called manubrium epistomii.
FAULT, vitium (κακία, any physical or moral imperfection, as a quality, not punishable, but open to censure ; hence also, of natural defects ; e. g., of a body, of the organs of speech, oris, and even of grammatical faults, vid. Quintilianus, 1, 5, 5, sqq.) :mendum (a blunder ; in composition, etc.; but Ovid has also mendo facies caret) :error : erratum (an errour committed from oversight, whether in a moral or a physical respect ; hence of mistakes or faults in scientific or artistical matters, erratum fabrile, vid. Cicero, Att., 6, 1, 17 ; and error, in Quintilianus, 1, 5, 47, of a grammatical fault. Opposed to erratum is recte factum and vitium, as quality, vid. Cicero, Cluent, 48, 133 ; non dicam vitium, sed erratum) :lapsus (a slip) :peccatum :delictum (an offence against either prudence or morality, errors, mistakes, sins ; they are used by Cicero promiscuously ; then also of grammatical errors, as Cicero, Tusc., 3, 20, 47 ; paucis verbis tria magna peccata ; compare with Quintilianus, 1, 5, 47 and 49, where peccare and delinquere are used in the same sense).To commit a fault, errare, labi (to make a blunder, slip, etc.) ; peccare :peccatum admittere (to act wrong ; peccare also of grammatical faults) :a great or gross fault, turpissime labi in re :to pardon a fault that should be attributed to human infirmity, veniam errori humane dare :to be looked upon as a fault, vitio esse :to correct a fault, mendum, errorem, peccatum (with distinction above explained) corrigere :to correct a fault that one has committed, mendum tollere ; errorem tollere :full of faults, vitiosus : mendosus :very full, in quo multa vitia insunt (e. g., of writings, with reference to grammatical errors, after Quintilianus, 1, 5, 36) ; in quo multa perperam dicta sunt (with reference to the assertions made, etc.) ; mendosissime descriptus (with reference to the part of the copyist or printer) :quick at seeing the faults of one’s neighbor, acrius videre vitium in alio :to see the faults of others, and be blind to one’s own, aliorum vitia cernere, oblivisci suorum (Cicero, Tusc., 3, 33, 73) ; magis in aliis cernere, quam in nobismet ipsis, si quid delinquitur (Cicero, Off., 1, 41, 146) ; videre nostra mala non possumus ; alii simul delinquunt, censores sumus (Phædrus, 4, 10 (9), 5) ; aliorum vitia in oculis habemus, a tergo nostra (Seneca, De Ira, 2, 28, 6) ; papulas observas alienas, ipse obsttus plurimis ulceribus (id., De vit. Beat., 27, 4) ; Quum tua pervideas oculis mala lippus inunctis, Cur in amicorum vitiis tam cernis acutum, Quam aut aquila aut serpens Epidaurius? (Horatius, Sat., 1, 3, 25, sqq.) :to impute anything to anybody as a fault, alicui aliquid vitio dare, ducere, vertere :to have slight faults, mediocribus vitiis teneri(†) ; many, vitiis excellere, abundare :having no faults [vid. FAULTLESS] :to find fault with anybody for etc., vitio alicui dare, quod etc. :they find fault with me for being so distressed at anybody’s death, vitio mihi dant, quod alicujus mortem tam graviter fero (Cicero) :all singers have this fault, omnibus hoc vitium est cantoribus (†) :it is my fault, mea culpa est :it is entirely my own fault, culpa mea propria est :to confess that one was in fault, culpam or facinus in se admittere :to say that nobody was in fault but one’s self, in se transferre omnem culpam :anything was not my fault, aliquid non mea culpa factum est or evenit (Terentianus) :to be fault, in culpa esse :to be considered in fault, in culpa poni :not to be in fault, carere culpo ; abesse a culpa ; esse extra culpam :to be equally in fault, simili esse in culpa :anybody is in fault, est culpa in aliquo :that was my fault, id culpa contigit mea :it is, was etc., no fault of mine, that etc., non fit meo vitio, ut etc. ; non stetit per me, ut, etc.; non impedivi quominus (I did nothing to prevent it) :it was his fault that…not etc., stetit per eum, quominus, etc. || To be at fault, PROPR., of dogs ; nullius feræ vestigium exstat (Curtius) ; * nulla jam vestigia cernere, animadvertere, etc.; * non jam
odorari posse feram, etc. IMPROPR., confusum et incertum esse (of Hercules, when he was at fault, in consequence of Cacus’s trick, Livius, 1, 7) :or by nulla exstant vestigia (e. g., ad quos pertinet facinus, Livius, 31, 12) ; or pendere animi or animo.
FAULT-FINDER,Vid. CENSOR, CRITIC.
FAULTILY, vitiose :mendose [SYN. in FAULT] : perperam (wrongly, not rightly ; opposed to recte ; e. g., verbum dicere, i. e., to use a word in the wrong sense). Vid. also, DEFECTIVELY, IMPERFECTLY.
FAULTINESS, mendosa alicujus rei natura (after Horatius, Sat. 1, 6, 66) :pravitas. (Cf., mendositas and vitiositas, in this meaning, are only met with in very late writers).κυρικιμασαηικο
FAULTLESS, ab omni vitio vacuus : vitio purus (free from faults, whether moral or physical ; of persons or things) :emendatus (cleared of faults, of writings, etc.) :emendate descriptus (copied without any fault ; of MSS., books, etc.) :innocens (in a moral sense).A faultless character, innocentia (cf. Bremi, Nep., Arist., 1, 2) :a faultless life, vita vitio carens et sine labe peracta (Ovidius, Pont., 2, 7, 49) :to be faultless, sine vitiis esse, vitiis carere or vacare (of persons and things) ; vitio et labe carere (with regard to morals and conduct ; vid. Ovidius, Pont., 2, 7, 49, and 4, 8, 20) ; culpa carere (of persons) :to be quite faultless, vitio ab omni remotum esse :omnibus humanis vitiis immunem esse (of persons ; vid. Horatius, A. P., 384 ; Velleius, 2, 35) :no man or person is faultless, nemo sine vitiis nascitur (†).
FAULTY, vitiosus :mendosus :pravus (SYN. in FAULT) :very faulty, vid. “full of FAULTS.”
FAVOR, s., || Kind or favorable feeling (with reference both to him who feels it, and to the person who is its object) :gratia : favor (the former objectively, as the state of him who is in favor with anybody ; opposed to invidia ; but also, though more rarely, subjectively, like favor, denoting the disposition of him who entertains a favorable feeling for anybody, but with the difference that gratia is confined to the disposition, favor extends to the actual promotion of the person’s views and interests. The opinion of some, that gratia never occurs in a subjective sense, has been sufficiently confuted by Döderlein, Syn. 4, p. 108 ; it stands for “favor or kindness bestowed, especially by a female”). (The words are found in this connection and order.) gratia et favor : studium (properly, the interest one takes in anybody in general, then the enthusiasm of sentiment ; the zeal displayed in favor of anybody ; especially of soldiers for their general ; parties for their chiefs, etc.). (The words are found in this connection and order.) studium et favor : voluntas (inclination or affection, based on love and attachment) :benevolentia (well-wishing) : indulgentia (the particular favor bestowed on anybody, whose faults one overlooks, whom one exempts from hard duties, etc.; e. g., the favor shown by a prince to a favorite, as Suetonius, Vit., 5) :plausus (marks of favor, applause).The favor of a prince, principis inclinatio in aliquem ; gratia, qua aliquis apud principem viget ; favor, quo princeps aliquem amplectitur.The favor of the people, gratia popularis (of the feeling) ; favor populi or plebis (as proved by marks of confidence, by support, etc.) :the wish to obtain the favor of the people, ambitio (e. g., Cicero, Verr. 2, 2, 35) :to be in anybody’s favor, in gratia alicujus or apud aliquem esse ; esse in gratia cum aliquo (Cicero) :gratiosum esse alicui or apud aliquem (to be beloved) :to be in great favor with anybody, alicujus gratia, florere ; multum gratia valere apud aliquem (with the notion, that one does or could exercise a certain influence over him) [vid. “to be a FAVORITE with”] :” to show favor to anybody ; to bestow one’s favor on anybody, benevolentiam alicui præstare (of the sentiment or good feeling) ; alicui favere (by promoting his views) :to obtain anybody’s favor, se in gratiam ponere apud aliquem ; gratiam alicujus sibi colligere or conciliare (Cf., not acquirere, vid. below) ; in gratiam or in gratiam et favorem alicujus venire ; gratiam apud aliquem or a aliquo inire :to endeavor to obtain anybody’s favor, to curry favor with anybody, aliquem colere (by paying court to him) ; se venditare alicui (by extolling one’s own merits, or by showing much attention to him, etc.), in alicujus familiaritatem se insinuare :to aim at obtaining anybody’s favor, alicujus gratiam quærere or sequi ; in aliquem ambitiosum esse (Cicero, Quintilianus, Fr., 1, 2, 2) :to retain anybody’s favor, alicujus gratiam or benevolentiam, or studium ac favorem retinere :to endeavor not only to retain the favor of one’s old friends, but to make as many new friends as possible, omnes gratias non modo retinendas, verum etiam acquirendas putare (Cicero, Att., 1, 1, extr. ; acquirere gratias, = “to obtain additional good will from new friends, ” is here correct ; but it must not be used for conciliare, when there is no notion of this kind) :to forfeit or throw away anybody’s favor, gratiam collectam effundere ; gratiam corrumpere (Phædrus, 4, 25, 18) :to lose anybody’s .favor, gratiam amittere, gratia excidere (general terms ; for ” to be out of favor, ” use the perfect) ; ex magna gratia et favore in invidiam alicujus venire (of a favorite, after Sallustius, Jug. 13, 4) :he is out of favor, he has lost the favor of the prince, favor, quo princeps eum amplectebatur, elanguit (after Curtius, 19, 7, 13, and Livius, 2, 56, in.) :to recover anybody’s favor, gratiam alicujus recuperare :to reinstate anybody in favor, aliquem in gratiam restituere or redigere ; in anybody’s favor, in gratiam alicujus (i. e., in order to show him a kindness, as Livius, 39, 26 ; Cf., ” in favorem alicujus ” is not Latin) ; pro aliquo secundum aliquem (for anybody, or his advantage or benefit, opposed to contra) :to decide a lawsuit in anybody’s favor, secundum aliquem judicare or litem dare :the suit has been decided in your favor, pro te pronunciatum est (Gellius, 5, 10).It may, in certain cases, be also expressed by the ” dativus cornmodi” only ; e. g., to do anything in anybody’s favor, dare or tribuere alicui aliquid (Cf., not gratiæ alicujus). || A benefit, beneficium (benefit).To do or show anybody a favor, or bestow a favor upon anybody, alicui officium præstare ; beneficium alicui dare, tribuere ; beneficium in aliquem conferre ; beneficio aliquem afficere ; gratiam alicui facere ; alicui gratificari :a favor bestowed upon anybody by a prince, beneficium principale (Plinius, Pan. 36, 5) :as a favor, gratiæ loco et beneficii :By the favor of God, * favente Deo :* adjuvante Deo :Dei beneficio :through or by the favor of fortune, suffragante fortuna ; of the people, secundo, or favente, or suffragante populo :the favor of one’s vote, suffragatio :to acknowledge a favor, alicui pro re gratiam referre :in doing this, you have done me a great favor, gratissimum illud mihi fecisti :you can do me no greater favor, nihil est, quod gratius mihi facere possis ; hoc mihi gratius nihil facere potes :if you vnll do me the favor, si me amas (as form of request ; vid. Heindorf, Hor., Sat., 1, 9, 38) :I shall consider it or look upon it as a favor, or you will do me a favor by it, hoc mihi gratum erit :to have had a great many favors bestowed on one by anybody, magna alicujus liberalitate usum esse :you will do me a great favor, or I shall consider it a great favor, if etc., magnum beneficium mihi dederis ; gratissimum mihi feceris, si etc. :grant me this favor, da mihi hanc gratiam (Terentianus) :to ask a favor of anybody, or ask anything of anybody as a favor, petere ab aliquo aliquid in beneficii loco :to ask him, as a favor to do so and so, petere in beneficii loco et gratiæ, ut etc. :ask him this favor, ab hoc petito gratiam istam :to request anybody to tell you whether there is any favor he would wish you to grant him :rogare aliquem , ut dicat, si quid opus sit (Cicero, Tusc. 5, 32, 92) :do me the favor to send me etc., gratum mihi feceris, si etc. || Leave, permission, vid. || Mildness, leniency (in punishing, etc.), lenitas :clementia : misericordia :indulgentia, etc.
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To show favor to anybody, clementia uti ; clementer agere cum aliquo ; gratiam facere delicti (to pardon a fault, etc.) :to find favor (in anybody’s eyes), veniam impetrare (alicujus rei, obtain forgiveness for it) ; placere alicui (win his favorable regard) :no hope of favor is left, sublata est spes veniæ. || Disposition to support (as “as to be in favor” of measures, persons, etc.) :Vid. To FAVOR.