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DISPLAY, s. || Exhibition of , vid. || In a contemptuous sense, ostentatio; e. g., display of one’s learning, * doctrinæ suæ venditatio quædam atque ostentatio ; of one’s knowledge, etc., ostentatio artis et portentosa scientiæ venditatio (as Plinius, 29, 1, 8, § 25, speaking of the barefacedness of medical men).By circumlocution, he set out his plate for display, argentum proposuit ; tabulas et signa propalam eollocavit (vid. Cicero, De Or., 1, 35, 161) :to make a display of one’s learning; vid. To DISPLAY.
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DISPLEASE, displicere (the proper word) :non placere : aliquid habere offensionis (of things, to be offensive) :non probari : improbari (to be found fault with ; of things) :incurrere in alicujus offensionem (to incur anybody’s displeasure, give cause to offence ; of persons); offendere aliquem (in anything, in aliquo, neuter ; in any matter ; by anything, aliqua re ;e. g., verbo, vultu ; also offendere apud aliquem aliqua re, Cicero, Att., 10, 4) :anything displeases me, aliquid mihi displicet ; abhorreo ab aliqua re (I am disinclined to anything) :ægre or moleste fero aliquid :molestum est mihi aliquid (anything vexes or troubles me) :anybody displeases me, displicet mihi aliquis :offendo in aliquo (to take offence).I give anybody to understand that I am displeased with anything, me ægre pati aliquid ostendo.I can’t help telling (you) that I am displeased with the thing, * rem mihi displicere non possum non profited :anybody is displeased with anything, aliquid alicui improbatur or non probatur (he disapproves of it); aliquis aliquid ægre or moleste fert, patitur :aliquid alicui molestum est (it is a trouble to him); pœnitet aliquem alicujus rei (he is quite put out by it).κυρικιμασαηικοTo be displeased at anything in anybody, offendere aliquid in aliquo (Cicero, Mil., 36; but only with accusative of neuter pronoun, aliquid).Sometimes to be displeased with anybody = to be angry with him; vid.
DISPLEASURE, offensio (both the giving and the taking offence) :offensa (displeasure that one has drawn down upon one’s self). Cf., Not displicentia. Seneca, De Tranq. 2, 8, has displicentia sui, i. e., dissatisfaction with one’s self ; instead of which he uses, in the same chapter, fastidium and tædium.To draw upon one’s self, or incur, anybody’s displeasure, incurrere or cadere in alicujus offensionem; suscipere invidiam atque offensionem apud aliquem :to have incurred anybody’s grievous displeasure, magna in offensa esse apud aliquem (Cicero) :I am incurring anybody’s displeasure, aliquis offendit in me :anything gives anybody displeasure, aliquid alicui displicet ; aliquid alicui improbatur, aliquid alicui offensioni est ; habeo ad rem offensionem (atque fastidium; anything is offensive to me) [for other phrases, vid. To DISPLEASE]. with displeasure., invito animo :to feel displeasure ( = anger) against anybody, alicui irasci, succensere. Vid. ” to be ANGRY with.” DISPLODE, Vid. EXPLODE.
DISPLOSION, Vid. EXPLOSION.
DISPORT, Vid. To PLAY.
DISPOSABLE TROOPS, copiæ omnibus rebus ornatæ atque instructæ : copiæ ad rem gerendam or ad bellum instructæ ac paratæ.
DISPOSAL, || The act of disposing, ordinatio : compositio :institutio :ordo (the order) :descriptio : digestio (the arrangement). || Power of bestowing ; by circumlocution. Sometimes potestas, arbitrium may do [vid. POWER] :to have at one’s disposal, in potestate or in potestatem habere aliquem or aliquid (to have in one’s power) :aliquid habere or possidere (general terms, to possess anything) :to put or leave anything at anybody’s disposal, in alicujus potestatem or alicujus arbitrio aliquid permittere (to leave entirely to the discretion of anybody) :alicui aliquid in usum tradere (if for use) :to be at anybody’s disposal, in alicujus potestatem or potestate esse (of persons and things) ; in alicujus arbitrio esse (Tacitus) :to be at the disposal of another, alieni arbitrii esse (Livius).To place a sum (of money) at anybody’s disposal, argentum alicui exponere or aperire (i. e., in payment of a debt ; to tell the creditor that it is ready for him to take when and how he likes, Freund).
DISPOSE, || To regulate, to arrange, disponere : ordinare : componere : digerere :in ordinem digerere [SYN. in ARRANGE] : collocare :constituere (to put into a proper state or condition) :to dispose troops, copias ordinare or disponere (the latter to point out to each soldier or to each division a proper place ; vid. Nepos, Iph., 2, 2 ; in eam consuetudinem :ut singuli ab peritissimo imperatore dispositi essent). || Employ, vid. || To turn or employ to a particular end, vertere: dirigere (to direct) :regere (to rule) :instituere :constituere (establish). || To incline, adducere, commovere, incitare or concitare aliquem ad aliquid [SYN. in To INCLINE] :to be favorably disposed towards anybody, alicui favere ; inclinatione voluntatis propendere in aliquem (with regard to a party ; e. g., of a judge) :to be favorably disposed to anything, propensum, etc., esse ad aliquid.I am not disposed [vid. DISPOSED] :to dispose anybody or anybody’s mind to anything, alicujus animum inclinare ad aliquid (e. g., ad pacem) :to dispose anybody to do anything, adducere aliquem , ut, etc., and ad rem faciendam ; alicujus animum inclinare, ut, etc. :this disposes me to believe that, etc., hæc animum inclinant, ut credam (with accusative and infinitive).
DISPOSE OF,To be translated according to its various idiomatic meanings ; to dispose of property, lands ; [vid. SELL, ALIENATE]: to dispose of a cause [vid. “To DECIDE a cause”]:to dispose of a person or anything ( = what to do with it) ; facere, with ablative, dative, or (less frequently) de, etc. :how am I to dispose of this person ? quid hoc nomine faciam ? he does not know how to dispose of the money, nescit, quid faciat auro (Plautus) :to dispose of one’s time [vid. to EMPLOY or TIME] :to dispose of one’s daughter to anybody, in matrimonium dare or collocare filiam alicui ; aliquam alicui in matrimonio or nuptum collocare :to dispose of anything ( = to put it away), aliquid auferre :to dispose of anybody ( = kill him), aliquem e medio tollere or tollere only (especially with the ablative of the means; e. g., potione) :to dispose of anything by will, in favor of anybody, legare alicui aliquid :alicui legatum scribere.
DISPOSED (towards anybody or anything), inclinatus ad (e. g., for peace, ad pacem) :propensus ad aliquid (easily to be moved; e. g., to forgive, etc.) :proclivis ad aliquid :pronus in aliquid or ad aliquid (easily giving way to ; e. g., to anger, etc) :animatus ; affectus [animoj (filled with a certain sentiment, etc.) :well-disposed to anybody, alicui amicus, propitius (the latter especially of the gods, seldom of men ; vid. Bremi, Nepos, Dion., 9, 6) :to be well-disposed towards a person, alicui favere ; inclinatione voluntatis propendere in aliquem , amico erga aliquem animo affectum esse ; amice cogitare de aliquo :not to be well-disposed, inimico or infesto in aliquem esse animo; alicui inimicum, infestum esse; aliquem odio habere; ab aliquo alienum esse :to be ill-disposed towards anybody, nolle alicui (not disposed to favor him as a public man) :to be ill-disposed towards the stale, contra rempublicam sentire :I am disposed to do anything, animus inclinat, ut, etc. :not to feel disposed, ab aliqua re alienum esse or abhorrere :to render anybody disposed, alicujus animura inclinare ad aliquid ; e. g., ad pacem :this makes me disposed to believe that, hæc animum inclinant, ut credam, with accusative and infinitive : well or favorably disposed, bene animatus or affectus :those that are well disposed, boni ; cives boni : melior pars civium (the better class, speaking of the well-disposed in the state) :ill-disposed, male animatus ; toward anybody (from envy, etc.), malevolus :the ill-disposed in the state, qui contra rempublicam sentiunt (i. e., hostilely disposed towards the state) :rerum novarum studiosi (those in favor of a change in the existing order of things) :inimici regis (the enemies of the king) :to be disposed in such or such a manner, sic animo affectum esse ; eo animo or ea mente esse (Cf., on no account sic sentire) :to be disposed in just the same manner, eodem animo or eadem mente esse :with regard to anything, idem sentire de re (to think or judge the same of anything) :to be disposed towards a friend as one would be towards one’s own self, quemadmodum in se, sic in amicum animatum esse :not to feel disposed to do anything, abhorrere ab aliqua re facienda.I am disposed to believe, crediderim. Cf., I am disposed to think, etc., mag often be translated by haud scio an (or an non) ; nescio an, etc. I am disposed to prefer this, etc., haud scio an hoc – anteponendum dicam, etc. Vid. INCLINED.
DISPOSER, || Distributer, vid. || Governor, rector :moderator :gubernator.God is the disposer of all things, rector universi Deus [SYN. in To GOVERN]; for which Seneca (Quæst. Nat., 5, 18) and Lactantius have dispositor mundi Deus.
DISPOSITION, || Arrangement; vid. || Tendency, vid. || Temper of mind, habitus or affectio animi (the state of the mind; habitus, of an enduring state ; affectio, of either a momentary or lasting slate) :affectus (the state of the mind at a given time) :mens (sentiments, thoughts, as proceeding from the peculiar disposition of the mind) :animus (the mind or soul, with all its faculties) :ingenium (the natural character of a man) :voluntas (will, inclination). || Affection, predominant inclination, inclinatio animi or voluntatis ad aliquid (in classic
prose never without animi or voluntatis) :proclivitas ad aliquid (a blameable propensity) :voluntas ingenii (natural inclination to an object) :propensa in aliquem voluntas or propensum in aliquem studium (favorable sentiments toward anybody) :amor in or erga aliquem :a kind or friendly disposition, animus benignus, benevolus, amicus; toward a person, in aliquem ; also studium alicujus ; benevolentia erga aliquem (Cf., but bonus animus stands for “good spirits,” “courage”) :a hostile disposition, animus infestus ; against anybody, alicui or in aliquem ; odium ; against anybody, alicujus (ill-will, hatred, etc.) :a noble disposition, mens liberalis :mean disposition, mens illiberalis :illiberalitas :a haughty disposition ; e. g., to be of, etc. [vid. PRIDE or PROUD] :a bad disposition, mens mala; improbitas; ingenium malum pravumque :a violent disposition, ingenium violentum :I know his disposition but too well, ego illius sensum pulchre calleo :it shows, or betrays, a mean disposition to, etc., illud pusilli animi, quod, etc. :two brothers of very different dispositions, duo fratres longe dispares moribus. (Cf., Sometimes, from context, inclinatio only = “favorable disposition” toward anybody.Cæsar thinking that that favorable disposition should be turned to good account, utendum ea inclinatione Cæsar ratus, etc.) || To make a disposition of one’s property ; Vid.To DISPOSE OF.
DISPOSSESS, de possessione demovere or dejicere ; possessione depellere, deturbare (to turn anybody out of his possessions). Vid. TAKE AWAY, DEPRIVE.
DISPOSURE, || Disposal; vid. || State, posture; obsolete, vid.
DISPRAISE, s. Vid. CENSURE, s.
DISPRAISE, v. Vid. CENSURE, v.
DISPREAD, Vid. SPREAD.
DISPROOF, Vid. CONFUTATION.
DISPROPORTION, s., inæqualitas (opposed to congruentia æqualitasque, Plinius, Ep., 2, 5, 11) :inconcinnitas (want of apt symmetry; Suetonius,Augustinus, 86) :discrepantia (jarring difference ; used by Cicero with reference to consistency of moral conduct, in actiones omnemque vitam nullam discrepantiam conferre debemus, Off., 1, 31, 11) :dissimilitudo (unlikeness) :pravitas (deviation from that just proportion of parts that makes the thing what it should be) :parum apta membrorum compositio (dispropotion between the limbs of any structure or composition : membrorum compositio, Cicero) :* inæqualis tributio (disproportionate distribution ; after Cicero, who gives æqualis tributio as a translation of ἰσονομια, or the state where paria paribus respondent).
DISPROPORTIONABLE,
DISPROPORTIONATE, inæqualis :extra modum prodiens (Cicero) :Sometimes iniquus, inconcinnus, pravus : minor [minus magnus, Varro] quam modus postulat (disproportionately small; Varro, of a villa too small for the estate; so major, etc.: quam modus postulat, adapting the adjective to the kind of disproportion) :* ad universam totius magnitudinis summam parum conveniens (of a part out of proportion to the whole; after Vitruvius 3, 1, 3).In plural, inæqualitate dissidentes (Quintilianus ; of two eyebrows, 11, 3, 79) :parum apti inter se et convenientes or parum convenientes inter se ; or inter se discordes (Livius; e. g., membra, Lucretius).Unequal, but not disproportionate intervals, intervalla imparia, sed tamen pro rata parte ratione distincta (Cicero, Rep., 6, 18).
DISPROPORTIONABLENESS, Vid. DISPROPORTION.
DISPROPORTIONABLY, inæqualiter (unequally; e. g., per inæqualiter eminentia rupis, Livius, Celsus, Columella) :inæquabiliter (Varro) :non æqualiter : impariter (so that they do not match; Horatius).They have built a house disproportionably small for the estate, villam minus magnam fecerunt, quam modus postulavit (Varro, R. R., 1, 11).Sometimes circumlocution by justo or solito (with comparative major, etc.), if the disproportion is between the actual and the usual property of anything.
DISPROVE, refellere, refutare, etc. Vid. REFUTE.
DISPROVER, qui refellit, redarguit, etc. [Cf., confutator very late; Hieronymus ; refutator, Arnob.]. DISPUTABLE [Vid. CONTROVERTIBLE.] To be disputable, habere naturam ambigendi (Cicero, De Or., 3, 29).
DISPUTANT, s., disputator (e. g., disputator subtllis; but the word relates to dialectic skill and reasoning powers; it does not imply strife or any opponent ; Cf., disceptator does not belong here ; its meaning is that of an arbiter or judge) :certator (but only Gellius, certatores indomiti, sturdy disputants).Mostly by circumlocution. The disputants, ii qui ambigunt (Cicero).He is a sturdy disputant, * homo est concertandi cupidus.
DISPUTATION, || The skill of controversy, disputandi scientia (Cicero). || Discussion, disputatio : concertatio (a learned discussion) :sermo (a dialogue; e. g., on philosophical subjects) :libellus (a written controversy. Cf., Neither disputatio nor dissertatio had our meaning with the ancients) :to be present at a disputation, * disputationi interesse; * operam dare sermoni disputantium :to carry on a disputation on any subject, disputare :disserere. || Controversy ; vid.
DISPUTATIOUS, Vid. CONTENTIOUS.
DISPUTE, v. || Argue, on opposite sides, verbis contendere : concertare (to contend with words, in which sense disputare is never found) :disputare :disserere (to discuss philosophically) :to dispute about any question, to dispute a thing, aliquid in controversiam vocare or adducere :to dispute for and against, de re in contrarias partes or in utramque partem disputare ; ambigere (to feel, express, etc., uncertainty ; in Cicero mostly impersonal or passive : anything is disputed, aliquid ambigitur ; also with dependent interrogative clause, utrum, quid, etc.) :there is nothing that may not be disputed, omnis res habet naturam ambigendi (Cicero, De Or., 3, 29). || Quarrel, vid.
DISPUTE, s., altercatio (where the disputants each strive to have the last word ; mostly implying excessive heat) :jurgium (when they will not listen to reason, but give vent to their ill humor by harsh words) :rixa (a broil or fray, when things look, at least, as if it would come to blows) :contentio (when the contenders would maintain the right against all opponents, and effect its purpose, whatever it may be, by the strenuous exertion of all their faculties) :controversia (the simple notion of disputing against one another) :disceptatio (when men commence a discussion in order to arrive at the truth, or discover what is right).To begin a dispute, altercari incipere (eum aliquo) ; causam jurgii inferre (to begin a quarrel) :to have a dispute with anybody, altercari cum aliquo (about anything, de aliqua re) ; jurgio certare cum aliquo (Velleius, 2, 33, 2) :a dispute arises between me and anybody about anything, oritur mihi de aliqua re altercatio cum aliquo :this was the origin of the dispute, hinc jurgium, inde jurgium fuit.
DISPUTER, Vid. DISPUTANT.
DISQUALIFICATION, impedimentum (general term for any hindrance) :his natural disqualifications, naturæ impedimenta (of Demosthenes’s disqualifications for becoming an orator) :legitimum impedimentum (legal disqualification ; Cicero, 2 contr. Rull., 9, 24) :exceptio (the plea of disqualification as urged against him; e. g., against a Roman soldier attempting to act as proctor for anybody ; vid. Justinus, Inst.,4, 13, 11) DISQUALIFY (mostly with for ; Swift uses from), impedire :impedimento esse (general terms to hinder) :excipere aliquem (to make him an exception by a legal enactment; with ne).To be disqualified, impediri (general term to be hindered) :excipi (with ne or quominus; by any law, lege aliqua) :(α) Anybody’s age and modesty disqualify him for speaking in public, alicui ad dicendum impedimento est setas et pudor :age does not disqualify us for these pursuits, ætas non impedit, quominus hæc studia teneamus. (β) Of legal disqualification.The Licinian law disqualifies them for that commission, etc., Licinia lex eos excipit, ne eis ea curatio (or potestas, etc.) mandetur (Cicero).Even an accused person is not disqualified from being made a decemvir, ne reus quidem excipitur, quominus (or ne) decemvir fieri possit (both Cicero, 2 contr. Rull., 9, 24).
DISQUIET,
DISQUIETNESS,
DISQUIETUDE, Vid. COMMOTION.
DISQUIET, v. Vid. To DISTURB.
DISREGARD, s., derelictio :desertio :neglectio ; negligentia. [Vid. NEGLECT, s.]
Disregard for the public interests, derelictio communis utilitatis :disregard for the rights of man, desertio juris humani :disregard displayed towards friends, neglectio amicorum (Cicero).
DISREGARD, v. omittere :relinquere (to put aside) :derelinquere :deserere (to desert; leave in the lurch) :negligere (to neglect, to take no notice of) :repudiare (to decline having anything to do with; e. g., gratiam alicujus, morem patrium, etc.) :non parere, obtemperare, obedire (not to obey) :rationem alicujus rei non habere (not to consider it ; e. g., eorum, quibuscum est, vel dignitatis vel commodi, Cicero) :parvi æstimare, pendere, or ducere (to attach little value to anything) :to disregard one’s own interests, utilitatibus suis non servire :to disregard prayers, entreaties, preces, or vota et preces repudiare, or non audire (the latter of the gods) ; also contemnere or negligere preces. I would pray for this to the gods, if they had not begun to disregard all my prayers, quod precarer deos, nisi meas preces audire desiissent.
DISREGARDFUL, negligens (of anything, alicujus rei; legis, officii, Cicero ; also in re ; negligentior in sumtu).Vid. REGARDLESS.
DISREGARDFULLY, Vid. DISRESPECTFULLY, or COMTEMPTUOUSLY.
DISRELISH, s. Vid. DISLIKE, DISGUST.
DISRELISH, TRANS., fastidium creare (after mel – fastidium creat, Plinius).Anything
does not disrelish anything, aliquid condit rem aliqua voluptate (Cicero) :not to disrelish food, cibi satietatem relevare (Cicero) ; fastidium abigere, auferre, discutere, detrahere (all Plinius). || To dislike, etc., vid.
DISREPUTABLE, Vid. DISCREDITABLE, DISGRACEFUL.
DISREPUTATION, Vid. DISGRACE, DISHONOR.
DISRESPECT, s. Vid. CONTEMPT.
DISRESPECT, v. Vid. “to treat DISRESPECTFULLY.” DISRESPECTFUL, negligens (careless; in aliquem) :* parum honorificus (of words, language, etc.) :inverecundus ; parum verecundus :to behave in a disrespectful manner, reverentiam alicui non præstare :to say disrespectful things of anybody, male de aliquo opinari (i. e., to think, but also to express one’s thoughts, or opinion of anybody ; vid. Bremi, Suetonius, Oct. 51) :to be guilty of disrespectful behavior to anybody, aliquem contemtim tractare :to be disrespectful, or anybody is disrespectful, oblivisci reverentiæ reverentiam exuere.
DISRESPECTFULLY, contemtim (contemptuously) :non or parum honorifice : male (ill) :to speak disrespectfully of anybody, contemtim or male de aliquo loqui :to treat anybody disrespectfully, • aliquem contemtim or parum honorifice tractare; aliquem contemnere, negligere :to look on anybody disrespectfully, aliquem despicere, or despicatui habere, or despicatum habere :to treat anybody illiberally and disrespectfully, aliquem nec liberaliter nec honorifice tractare :never disrespectfully, nunquam nisi honorifice (e. g., Pompeium appellat, Cicero) :to behave disrespectfully to anybody, reverentiam alicui non præstare. Vid. also, CONTEMPTUOUSLY.
DISROBE, exuere aliquem veste (general term) :detrahere alicui vestem (to take off his garment). Vid. To UNDRESS, To STRIP.
DISRUPTION, diruptio (post-classical, Seneca). Vid. RENT, BREACH, etc.
DISSATISFACTION, with anything, molestia with genitive (general term and indefinitely, the unpleasant feeling of what is onerous, offensive, or vexatious) :tædium, fastidium, with genitive (disgust, weariness, loathing, etc.) :odium, with genitive, or with in or adversus with accusative (hatred; vehement dislike, etc.) :indignatio (repugnance, displeasure). [Vid. remark on ” displicentia” in DISPLEASURE.]
Dissatisfaction with one’s self, tædium, fastidium sui (Seneca, de Tranq. 2, 4, and 8; displicentia sui, Seneca) :to express dissatisfaction (of a crowd), fremere (i. e., by murmurs, etc; Livius, 3, 45, etc.); obstrepere alicui (by clamour) :to my great dissatisfaction, cum magna mea molestia.
DISSATISFIED, non contentus (not contented; aliqua re) :* tædii plenus (full of weariness or disgust) :indignabundus (full of indignation).Everybody is dissatisfied. with his own lot, suæ quemque fortunæ (maxime) pœnitet :the Senate was dissatisfied with the magistrates of that year, pœnitebat senatum magistratuum ejus anni :to feel dissatisfied with one’s self, sibi displicere :utterly, totum tædet mei pigetque :with one’s self and the world, fastidio mihi est vita et ipse mundus.I am dissatisfied with anything, mihi aliquid displicet :aliqua re offendor (anything is offensive to my feelings) : moleste, ægre fero aliquid :molestiam ex aliqua re capio or traho (I am vexed, annoyed, etc., at) : pœnitet me alicujus rei : improbare aliquid (disapprove of it; e. g., Curio utrumque improbans consilium).I am utterly dissatisfied with anything, aliquid mihi vehementer displicet :from being dissatisfied with their own lot, odio rerum suarum :I am dissatisfied with my fate, pœnitet me fortunæ meæ ; accuso sortem or fortunam meam.
DISSATISFY, vid. DISSATISFACTION.
DISSECT, || Cut up; generally, secare :scindere (e. g., a whole beast). [Vid. CARVE, DISJOINT.] || Anatomically, incidere (e. g., corpus mortui) :to dissect a corpse, rescindere artus cadaveris (Seneca) ; incidere corpus mortui, ejusque viscera et intestina scrutari (Celsus) :insecare aperireque humana corpora (Gellius) . || Dissect a subject, question, etc., ( = analyze it), rem, quæ proposita est, quasi in membra discerpere (Cicero).
DISSECTION, sectio (act of cutting, corpora sectionibus dividere, Vitruvius 2, 2) :anatomia or anatomice ( ὰνατομική ; Cœlius, Aurel., the art of scientifically cutting up a body).Krebs says that Celsus uses laceratio mortuorum, but he does not refer to the passage. [it occurs in p. 10, 1. 20, ed, Milligan] :aperire corpus mortuum. || Nice examination ; by circumlocution with rem, quæ proposita est, quasi in membra decerpere (Cicero). Vid. EXAMINATION.
DISSECTOR, * corporum sector.
DISSEIZE, Vid. To DISPOSSESS.
DISSEIZE, s. Vid. DISPOSSESSION.
DISSEMBLE, dissimulare aliquid (the proper word) :obtegere, occultare aliquid (to hide it). (The words are found in this connection and order.) tegere et dissimulare ; dissimulare et occultare :celare (to conceal ; e. g., iram) :tegere aliquid or tegere aliquid simulatione alicujus rei (if what is used for the purpose of dissembling something else is mentioned) :tegere aliquid multis simulationum involucris (by many artifices, etc.) :quasi velis obtendere aliquid (Cicero) :prætendere aliquid alicui rei (to hold a false pretence before the truth for the purpose of veiling it).|| INTR., To play the hypocrite, dissimulatorem esse. Vid. HYPOCRITE.
DISSEMBLINGLY, dissimulanter (Cicero).
DISSEMINATE, spargere, jacere : serere (to sow; all properly, and improperly) :dispergere :dissipare (to spread; properly, and improperly) :disseminare (to scatter as seed ; improperly, for to divulge) (The words are found in this connection and order.) spargere ac disseminare : differre (improperly, to carry anything into different places; e. g., a report) :to disseminate a report, aliquid in vulgus edere ; famam alicujus rei divulgare ; differre aliquid rumoribus :to disseminate principles, opinions, etc., serere causam, or causas rei, or rerum ; semina rerum jacere, or spargere (e. g., discordiarum) :to disseminate heresies, * pravas or hæreticas opmiones serere, etc. Cf., seminare, figuratively, is late; Lactant.
DISSEMINATION, sparsio (Seneca) (Cf., seminatio, Varro; but only properly) :dissemination of rumours, disseminati dispersique sermones (Cf., disseminationes very late; Tertullianus); sparsi rumores.
DISSENSION, Vid. CONTENTION, DISCORD.
DISSENT, v., dissentire (mostly ab aliquo ; sometimes cum aliquo, or dative; and of reciprocal dissent, inter se) :[Vid. To DISAGREE; To DIFFER.] || To dissent from the established Church, * a patriæ religionis cultu disciplinaque dissidere ; * a doctrina publice recepta alienam formulam sequi.
DISSENT, s., dissensio.To declare his dissent, * dicere or significare se aliter sentire. || With reference to religious doctrine or discipline, * a doctrina publice recepta aliena decreta, plural ; * studium alienam formulam tuendi.
DISSENTANEOUS, dissentaneus (opposed to consentaneus, Cicero).
DISSENTER, (from the Church’s doctrine) * a doctrina publice recepta alienam formulam sequens.
DISSENTIENT, Vid. DIFFERENT.
DISSERT, disserere de aliqua re (philosophically) :Vid. To DISPUTE.
DISSERTATION, disputatio :dissertatio (the disseration in the abstract, but never of the written or printed work; dissertatio post-classical) :liber, libellus (the written or printed work).Sometimes commentatio (Plinius), opusculum.
DISSERVE, Vid. To DAMAGE, To HURT.
DISSERVICE, Vid. DAMAGE, HARM.
DISSEVER, Vid. To DISJOIN, SEPARATE.
DISSIMILAR, Vid. DIFFERENT.
DISSIMILARITY,
DISSIMILITUDE, Vid. DIFFERENCE.
DISSIMULATION, dissimulatio (by concealing what really is) :simulatio (by pretending what is not) :without dissimulation, vere (with truth) ; sincere, simpliciter (sincerely) :sine fuco et fallaciis (without coloring and deception) ; aperte (opposed to dissimulanter) :practised in dissimulation, artificio simulationis eruditus ; cujuslibet rei simulator ac dissimulator.
DISSIPATE, || To scatter in all directions; [vid. To DISPERSE, To DISPEL]. || In a moral point of view; [vid. To CORRUPT]. || Dissipated ; [vid. DISSOLUTE]. || To waste a fortune, lacerare ; e. g., rem suam :to dissipate the property left by one’s father, lacerare patria bona. Vid. To SPEND.
DISSIPATION, || Dispersion; vid. || Distracted attention, * animus alienis rebus deductus ; animus alienis rebus distentus. || In a moral point of view, intemperantia :libidinum intemperantia : voluptates libidinosæ :licentia :luxuria :a life of dissipation., vita libidinosa et intemperans :to lead a life of dissipation, * licentius, effrenatius vivere :to avoid or shun dissipation, intemperantiam cavere :to keep anybody from dissipation, aliquem a libidinibus arcere.
DISSOCIATE,Vid. To DISUNITE, To DISSOLVE.
DISSOLVABLE,
DISSOLUBLE, dissolubilis ; qui (quæ, quod) solvi or dissolvi potest.
DISSOLVE, TRANS. || To liquefy, to melt, solvere : dissolvere :resolvere : diluere (to cause to become fused) :liquare (to fuse, to liquefy) :to dissolve anything in vinegar, in wine, aceto, vino diluere :to dissolve pearls, margaritas in tabem resolvere (Plinius); margaritas liquefacere. || To disunite, vid. || To solve; vid. || To break up; e. g., an assembly, etc., dissolvere (e. g., the ties of friendship, an association, connection, etc.) :dirimere (to separate; e. g., marriage, an association) :to dissolve the ties of friendship abruptly, amicitiam repente præcidere (opposed to sensim dissuere or remissione usus eluere, i. e., by degrees) :to dissolve a meeting, a committee, etc., concionem dimittere; senatum mittere or dimittere (of the sittings of the Senate); discutere
(violently; illos cœtus, Bœoticum concilium; both Livius) :to dissolve a partnership, societatem dirimere or dissolvere. || To relax by pleasure, mollire, emollire ( vid. proper word) :effeminare (to effeminate) :enervare (to enervate).
DISSOLVE, INTRANS., solvi :dissolvi (of things); liquefieri : liquescere :liquari (to become liquid, or in a state of fusion, of metals; vid. To FUSE) :resolvi (e. g., of snow, etc.; Curtius, 7, 3, 10) :tabescere (to waste away; e. g., humor calore) ; also discuti (e. g., of fogs, etc.) :attenuari (to grow thinner, to decrease) :collabi (to tumble together, or on a heap) :evanescere (to change into nothing, disappear entirely) :dilabi (to glide away ; e. g., amnis, glacies, Cicero). (The words are found in this connection and order.) liquefieri et dilabi.
Dissolved, liquefactus et dilapsus (e. g., glacies, Cicero). || To melt away in pleasures, effeminari; molliri; emolliri. Vid. also, in DISSIPATED.
DISSOLUTE, vid. DISSIPATED.
DISSOLUTELY, dissolute (in a careless, reckless manner). (The words are found in this connection and order.) dissolute et turpiter :libidinose :intemperanter [SYN. in DISSIPATED] :to live dissolutely, * licentius, effrenatius vivere.
DISSOLUTENESS, mores dissoluti :vita dissoluta (recklessness of living, unrestrained by moral consideration) :vita libidinosa or libidinibus dedita :vita intemperans (intemperate, debauched manner of life) :nequitia or nequities (the acts themselves that constitute dissoluteness) :dissoluteness of youth, adolescentia libidinosa et intemperans. Vid. also, DISSIPATION.
DISSOLUTION, || Of metals, coctura (general term for preparing in any way by heating ; also of melting; Columella Plinius) :conflatura (of metals ; Plinius) :fusura (fusion; plumbi, Plinius). || Destruction by separation of parts, interitus et dissipatio (Cicero) :dissolutio (e. g., imperii, Tacitus) :solutio. [Vid. DESTRUCTION.] || Separation of the body into its elements, dissolutio, with or without naturæ ; also separatio animi ac corporis in morte (death). [vid., DEATH.] || Dismissal of an assembly, probably dimissio (as Cicero, uses dimissio remigum = dismissal; and dimittere concilium, etc. is right). || Dissolution of a marriage, diffarreatio (i. e., of a legal marriage, in contracting which, a religious rite was observed, and a loaf made of ” far,” ζέα , was offered) :repudium (the sending away of the partner, on the part of the man) :divortium :discidium (separation of man and wife) :abruptio matrimonii (an abrupt or unexpected separation). Cf., The formula was the following :res tuas tibi habeto or tuas res tibi agito. || To agree to a dissolution of partnership, societatem dirimere ; transigere cum aliquo.
DISSONANCE, vox absona : * vox dissona.SYN. in DISSONANT.
DISSONANT, absonus (deviating from the right tone) :dissonus (not harmonizing with the other tones ; opposed to consonus) :To be dissonant, absonum esse : dissonare :discrepare (not to harmonize).
DISSUADE, dissuadere aliquid or de aliqua re :dissuasorem alicujus rei esse : dehortari aliquem a or de re, or with ne, quin, quominus (vid. Zumpt, § 534) :abducere :deducere : avertere :abstrahere ( aliquem a re, are stronger terms; to turn anybody from a purpose) :non censere aliquid faciendum esse (especially of a member of a deliberative body) :to dissuade from an opinion, aliquem de aententia deducere, demovere :from a plan, project, from what anybody has taken into his head, aliquem a consilio revocare :not to allow one’s self to be dissuaded, perstare in aliqua re (to persist in anything) ; that does not suffer himself to be dissuaded, firmus proposito (Velleius, 2, 63) :to dissuade anybody from a thing, dissuadere, ne aliquis faciat aliquid, or simply dissuadere aliquid or de aliqua re (Cf., but never dissuadere alicui aliquid, which we do not find before Seneca, Herc., Œt., 929) ; avocare aliquem ab aliqua re (to endeavor to turn anybody from doing anything) :to dissuade (or oppose one’s self to) the passing of a bill, dissuadere, ne legem accipiant :to dissuade them from setting the prisoners free, dissuadere de captivis ; captivos remittendos non censere; captivos retinendos censere.
DISSUADER, dissuasor.
DISSUASION, dissuasio.
DISSYLLABLE, disyllabus (δισύλλαβος).
DISTAFF, colus. || FIG., As emblem of the female sex; e. g., the government of the distaff [vid. Johnson], imperium uxorium (in domestic affairs); imperium feminæ (of an empire; Tacitus, Ann., 12, 40, 2).Among the Medes ” the government may fall to the distaff,’ Medis imperat muliebris sexus.
DISTAIN, Vid. To STAIN, To CONTAMINATE.
DISTANCE, || Of space, distantia (only Vitrvius, 6, 1, 7; who also uses abstantia; and Plinius) :intervallum (space interposed).Sometimes spatium (space; e. g., distare inter se modicum spatium, Livius, 8, 8 ; Cf., “not abjunctio, which Lipsius uses) :longitudo itineris (distance travelled or to be travelled); also longinquitas viæ :at a distance, or at some distance, procul (not near) :at a great distance, longo spatio or intervallo interjecto :at an equal distance, or distances, paribus spatiis :at a short distance, parvo spatio (e. g., distare a, etc.) :”at a distance of,” is to be turned by a, ab ; e. g., at a distance of 5000 paces, a milibus passuum quinque, or intermissis milibus passuum quinque (vid. Held, Cæsar, B.C., 1, 65) :at a considerable distance, satis magno intervallo a (ab), etc. :placed at a distance from each other, rari, æ, a (plurial, of what have wide intervals between); raris intervallis positi, æ, a (e. g., trees) :to be at equal distances, distare ex æquo or pari spatio :to place the troops at equal distances, paribus intervallis copias constituere :at no great distance from each other, mediocribus intervallis (e. g., separatim singularum civitatum copias collocare) :planted at some distance from each other, raris intervallis positi (e. g., trees, etc.). || Of time, spatium temporis, or tempus or plural, tempora only: longinquitas (length ; long duration ; temporis) :tempus interjectum :temporis intervallum. || FIG., For respect (= distant behavior), observantia ; re verentia [SYN. in RESPECT] :to keep one’s distance, reverentiam quandam adversus aliquem adhibere ; reverentiam alicui habere or præstare :not to keep one’s proper distance, reverentiæ oblivisci (Quintilianus, 11, 1, 62); reverentiam alicujus exuere (Tacitus, Hist., 1, 55, 4) :to keep anybody at a (proper) distance, excludere (properly ; not to let anybody into the house; e. g., of one who keeps her lover at a distance) ; also janua prohibere :aditu januæ arcere : alicujus aditum, sermonem, congressum fugere (used together ; Cicero, Sext., 52, 111) ; also aditum alicujus sermonemque defugere (Cæsar, B. G., 6, 13 ; to avoid anybody); aliquem in familiaritatem suam non recipere :not to keep anybody at a proper distance, perhaps se abjicere ad alicujus usum ac consuetudinem (Cf. Cicero, Parad., 1, 3, 14; De Legg., 1, 9, 26) :to keep one’s self at a distance, se removere ab aliquo or alicujus amicitia. || Improperly, ( = deference) distantia (Cicero, Lœl., 20, 74) ; discrimen (Cicero, Rull., 2, 32, 87).[Vid. DIFFERENCE.] || The distance (in a picture), quæ (in pictura) recedunt or abscedunt : recessus (e. g., umbra aliqua et recessus, Cicero ; of a speech, but speaking of it figuratively).To be in the distance, recessisse (Quintilianus 2, 17, 21 ; opposed to eminere, Quintilianus, or exstare atque eminere, Cicero). || To throw into the background of a picture (Dryden), efficere, ut aliquid recessisse (in opere) credamus (Quintilianus 2, 17, 21 ; of a painter); * facere, ut aliquid recessisse videatur.
DISTANCE, v. || To leave behind one, at a race, cursu superare aliquem (Horatius) :aliquem procul a se relinquere (Quintilianus, 10, 1, 51 ; to leave anybody far behind) :respiciens aliquis videt aliquem magno intervallo sequentem (after Livius, 1, 26) or præcurrere aliquem.
DISTANT, || Remote in place and time, amotus : disjunctus (separated by an interval; e. g., procul a barbaris gentibus) :remotus (remote, lying separate) :longinquus (being far off) :ultimus (lying at an extreme point ; vid. Held., Cæsar, B. G., 3, 27 ; e. g., ultimæ atque extremæ gentes). Cf., Not dissitus.Muretus uses regiones dissitæ, well Ruhnken justly censures. To be distant, distare, abesse a (ab), etc. (with this difference, that distare refers to the interval, the two extremities being of equal importance ; abesse gives prominence to the point from which anything is separated. Distare is not used of persons, and has always the measure of the distance added) :a distant relationship, amplissima cognatio :there is a distant relationship between persons, longinqua cognatione contingere aliquem. || Reserved; vid.κυρικιμασαηικο DISTANTLY, longe ; procul; raris intervallis :to be distantly related to anybody, longinqua cognatione contingere aliquem. || With reserve; Vid. RESERVE.
DISTASTE, s. Vid. DISGUST, DISLIKE, AVERSION.
DISTASTE, v. || To disrelish; vid. || Dislike; vid. || Vex, exasperate, vid.
DISTASTEFUL, fastidium creans or afferens (of things) :teter (nasty, of taste, smell, and looks; e. g., aqua, sapor, odor, etc.) : odiosus (loathsome, hateful) :molestus : ingratus (opposed to jucundus) :anything is distasteful to anybody; vid. To DISPLEASE, or “to cause displeasure.” DISTEMPER, s. intemperies (general term of seasons, the mind, etc.; also want of temper in a person).|| Disease, vid. || State of political disorder ; vid. DISTURBANCE.
DISTEMPER, v. [Vid. To DISEASE, To DISTURB.] || Distempered, intemperatus :nimius (excessive ; as in “distempered zeal:” intemperata benevolentia). || Disaffected, vid.
DISTEMPERATURE, || Want of due proportion in the ingredients that make up anything, intemperies (e. g., anni, solis, Columella ; cœli, Livius ; aquarum, Livius, also with reference to the mind). || Perturbation ; vid. || Confusion; vid.
DISTEND, distendere.Vid. To EXTEND.
DISTENSION, distentio (e. g., nervorum, Celsus) :distentus, us (cutis, Plinius).Vid. EXTENSION.
DISTICH, distichon (τὸ δίστιχον, Suetonius,Cæsar, 51; Martisalis, 3, 11, 2).
DISTIL, INTRANS., stillare (absolutely or mella de ilice, Ovidius; unguenta e capillo, Tib.) :destillare (either humor destillat ; or arbor destillat aliqua re ; e. g., odore miro suavitatis).|| TRANS., stillare (e. g., rorem ex oculis, Horatius ; also aliqua re : the stars distill blood, sidera stillant sanguine, Ovidius). || Chemically, * succos elicere e, etc. ; coquere (general term for preparing by heat).Cf., Pliny uses the general term, vinum for the various sorts of liquors, distilled from dales, the palm-tree, etc. (vid. Hist., Nat., 6, 26, 32 ; 13, 4, 6, and 9).
DISTILLATION, * liquandi opera.
DISTILLER, * liquandi artifex.
DISTINCT, || Different, vid. || Separate, vid. || Clear; vid. under CLEAR = plain, evident, and clear to the hearing :
Distinct utterance, explanatio. || Marked ornamentally, distinctus (e. g., gemmis); (The words are found in this connection and order.) distinctus et ornatus aliqua re.
DISTINCTION, || Act of discerning the difference between two or more objects, distinctio (with genitives of the objects; e. g., justorum injustorumque ; or rei a re ; e. g., veri a falso). || Objectively; the difference itself, distinctio (e. g., inter ea quæ gignantur, et ea, quæ, etc. ; nulla in somnis distinctio apparet, Cicero) :discrimen (that by which two things are separated, the partition wall, as it were; or that which constitutes the difference between such objects) :dissimilitudo. (The words are found in this connection and order.) distinctio et dissimilitudo (e. g., causarum, Cicero) :diversitas : differentia : discrepantia [SYN. of adjectives under DIFFERENT] : delectus (the distinction, as choice between two or more objects). (The words are found in this connection and order.) delectus atque discrimen.To make a distinction between (several objects), discrimen facere or servare (the latter to observe a distinction); delectum habere (as a matter of choice, both with genitive of the object between which the distinction is drawn) :to draw a broad distinction between, etc., toto genere disjungere aliquid :to know the distinction between, etc., discrimen nosse inter, etc. I draw a wide distinction between the law of nations and civil law, aliud jus gentium, aliud jus civile esse volo :to draw or make no distinction, omnia promiscue habere :no distinction is made between friends and strangers, notum ignotumque nemo discernit :after this no distinction was made, postea promiscuum fuit :to make no distinction of persons, nullum personæ or personarum discrimen facere or servare :to do away with all distinctions between, etc., (omnium) rerum delectum atque discrimen tollere :we ought to make a distinction between citizens and aliens, delectum habere debemus civis et peregrini :we must draw a distinction between the kinds of benefits received, acceptorum beneficiorum delectus habendi sunt (Cicero) :the most essential distinction between man and the brute creation is our possession of reason and speech, nulla re longius absumus a natura ferarum, quam ratione et oratione (Cicero) :what is the distinction between a liar and a perjurer? quid interest inter mendacem et perjurum ? the distinction is more easily felt than explained, qualis differentia sit (e. g., honesti et decori), facilius intelligi, quam explanari potest (Cicero) :there is a distinction between, etc., est quod differat inter (e. g., justitiam et verecundiam ; vid. “there is a DIFFERENCE” between) :there is a broad distinction between, etc., aliquantum interest inter, etc., or nequaquam idem est (with accusative and infinitive.) :there is too great a distinction between them, pernimium interest inter eos :with only this distinction, illo tantum discrimine interposito :without distinction, sine discrimine; promiscue :without distinction of persons, nullius habita ratione; delectu omni ac discrimine remoto ; omissis auctoritatibus :without distinction of slave or free, sine discrimine liber an servus esset (or sit, Livius) :to slay all without distinction, omnes promiscue interficere. || Note of superiority, ornamentum (anything that is an ornament, or bestows honor upon the individual, as rank, title, post of honor, etc.) :insigne (the visible distinction, or a mark of distinction) :honor (honor, that is conferred on anybody) :to treat anybody with distinction, maximos or amplissimos alicui habere honores ; aliquem præcipuo honore habere or amplissimo honore ornare :with all imaginable distinction, omnia ornamenta in aliquem congerere (literally, to heap distinctions on him) ; also multis ornamentis aliquem afficere :distinctions that are given or due to merit, insignia laudis (The words are found in this connection and order.) insignia atque ornamenta (e. g., honoris). || Rank, merit, etc., by which a man is distinguished ; by circumlocution. A person of distinction, vir clarus or clarissimus ; omnibus rebus ornatus or præcellens :a physician of considerable distinction, medicus arte insignis. || Discernment; vid.
DISTINCTIVE, by circumlocution.A distinctive mark, discrimen :nota. A distinctive badge, insigne :Some distinctive mark may be found even between things that seem exactly alike, res – quæ pares maxime videntur, utique discrimine aliquo discernuntur (Quintilianus 10, 2, 10). || Judicious ; vid. CLEVER.
DISTINCTIVELY, vid. DISTINCTLY.
DISTINCTLY, || Separately from others; singly, separatim (opposed to conjunctim) :seorsum (opposed to una) :singulatim or singillatim (each by itself, etc.) :singulariter (singly, by itself). || Expressly ; vid. || Clearly, clare ; perspicue ; evidenter ; plane; lucide ; expresse ; dilucide ; enodate ; enucleato [SYN. in CLEARLY] :to pronounce words distinctly, exprimere et explanare verba (Plinius, Paneg., 64, 3) :to write to anybody (on any subject) distinctly, enucleate perscribere ad aliquem.
DISTINCTNESS, vid. CLEARNESS.
DISTINGUISH,[Vid. to DISCRIMINATE, and (for SYN. and construction) DISCERN. Vid., also, “to make a DISTINCTION.”] || In the sense of selecting and marking out particularly, signare :notare : distinguere ( properly, to separate by points ; hence, to point out by some ornament, to adorn). || IMPROPR. To separate by some mark of honor or preference, aliquem ornare, in honore habere : honorem alicui habere, tribuere (to hold anybody in honor; honor anybody) :aliquem unice diligere (to esteem and love anybody in preference to others) ; aliquid insigne facere (to cause anything to become prominent) : to distinguish anybody greatly, maximos or amplissimos alicui habere honores; aliquem præcipuo honore habere or amplissimo honore ornare. To be distinguished, eminere (to stand out, as it were, from the rest) :conspici :conspicuum esse (to be conspicuous ; to attract observation and admiration : conspicuus, on whom or which men’s eyes are fixed; not pre-Augustan, Livius, 1, 34; Tacitus, etc.) :to be distinguished by anything, aliqua re præstare (above anybody, aliquem or alicui, vid., Herz.,Hirtius, B. G., 8, 6); aliqua re excellere, præcellere (alicui) ; aliqua re insigniri (of things) :to distinguis one’s self in anything, excellere, florere in re ; in certain respects, excellere in quodam genere laudis; above all others, inter omnes or super ceteros excellere; for or by anything, aliqua re excellere inter omnes or super omnes ; aliqua re præstare omnibus :to be distinguished above all others in any respect, aliqua re unus omnium maxime floreo :the family is distinguished for this, hæc laus floret in familia.
DISTINGUISHABLE, || Capable of being distinguished from other objects; by circumlocution. These things are easily distinguishable, harum rerum facilis est et expedita distinctio :this is easily distinguishable from that, quid inter hoc et illud intersit, facile distinguitur :these things seem to be hardly distinguishable, hæc quo pacto discernere ac separare possim, nescio : these things are not distinguishable from those, hæc ab illis nullo discrimine separantur :these things are distinguishable by the mind, but are, in reality identical, hæc cogitatione inter se differunt, re quidem copulata sunt :hardly distinguishable, difficilis ad distinguendum. || Distinguishable by the sight, aliquid oculis judicari potest(Cæsar) :aspectabilis ; quod cerni potest.Not distinguishable, quod oculis judicari non potest :the direction in which it flows is not distinguishable by the eye, oculis, in utram partem fluat, judicari non potest (Cæsar) [Vid. VISIBLE.] Cf., Notabilis = remarkable, notable, in Cicero ; but in Seneca, adspice nobilissimarum civitatum fundamenta vix notabilia.
DISTINGUISHED, clarus (by birth, station, riches, talents, and other external advantages; opposed to obscurus) :nobilis (by merits ; opposed to ignobilis) :eminens :excellens : præcellens :præclarus :præstans (are quiet expressions of excellence, superiority) :eximius :egregius (are expressions of warmth, praise; egregius implying enthusiastic praise ; eximius, admiration; all these are applied strictly to only good qualities, unless ironically) :unicus :insignis :singularis (are indifferent, and may heighten praise as well as blame; Döderlein) :a distinguished physician, medicus arte insignis :a very distinguished person, vir omnibus rebus ornatus or præcellens :a year distinguished by great events,
annus magnis rebus insignis :the distinguished men in the state, lumina civitatis :in a distinguished manner, insigniter ; egregie ; eximie.
DISTORT, detorquere (properly, and improperly) :distorquere (properly ; twist away from each other ; to separate by twisting ; e. g., oculos, the eyes ; labra, the lips rare) :depravare (figuratively, to give anything a wrong direction, and thus deform it, aliquid narrando) :perverse interpretari ( figuratively, to misinterpret).To distort the limbs, partes corporis detorquere ; membra distorquere :to distort an expression, verbum in pejus detorquere :to distort everything maliciously, omnia calumniando detorquere. Sometimes avertere, avocare, amovere, deducere, abducere, or detrahere.
DISTORTED, distortus (e. g., oculi distorti or perversi ; and absolutely, sapientes, etiam si distortissimi sunt, etc., Cicero).
DISTORTION, distortio :depravatio.SYN. in DISTORT.
DISTRACT, distrahere (draw in different directions; hence, improperly, of dissipating the thoughts and perplexing the mind by presenting different objects to them; e. g., alicujus industriam in plura studia; animum in contrarias sententias) :aliquem distinere (to keep apart; hence, to prevent the mind from concentrating itself, as it were, on what it would like to do). (The words are found in this connection and order.) distinere et divellere :distringere (by turning the attention to more than one object at once) :to be distracted by important business of various kinds, multis et magnis negotiis distentum esse :to send Hannibal to distract the attention of the Romans, Hannibalem mittere – ad distringendos Romanos (Livius 35, 18) :to be distracted by sorrow, distineri et divelli dolore (Cicero) :occupations of a distracting nature, occupationes (as Plinius, Ep., 6, 15, 1) :to distract anybody’s thought from his grief, animum alicujus a curis or a sollicitudine abducere ; aliquem oblectare (to try to produce feelings of a pleasant nature in order to counteract any unpleasant ones). || To make mad, in insaniam adigere aliquem.
DISTRACTED, * aliena agens (doing or carrying on something else) :* aliena cogitans (thinking of something else) :varietate et dissimilitudine rerum diductus (having one’s attention divided by a variety of dissimilar objects; vid. Cicero, De Invent., 2, 36, 109) :negotiis distentus, districtus (by business) :in plura studia distractus (by pursuits, after Cicero, De Or., 1, 59, 250).To be distracted., * aliena agere ; * aliena cogitare (with the distinction explained above); occupationibus distentum esse; a negotiis districtum esse :to answer in a distracted manner, * aliena respondere :to speak, etc., aliena loqui. || Frantic, mente captus, or alienatus; vesanus; insanus ; vecors ; delirus [SYN. in MAD] :to be distracted, mente captum or alienatum esse ; insanire ; delirare :to make anybody quite distracted, in insaniam adigere aliquem. Vid. To MADDEN.
DISTRACTEDLY, Vid. FRANTICLY, MADLY.
DISTRACTION, || Want of attention, animus non attentus (inattention) :* animus varietate rerum diductus : * animus alienis rebus distentus.
DISTRACTNESS, Vid. MADNESS.
DISTRAIN, bona alicujus vendere or (Gellius) venum distrahere (to sell a debtor’s property; vid. Gaius, 2, 154) :in possessionem rerum debitoris mitti (this was said of creditors put in possession of their debtors’ property for thirty days, within which a sale was to be advertised and made; vid. Dict, of Antiqq., p.165, under bonorum emtio) :pignus capere [vid. under DISTRAINT] :aliquid commisso tollere or commisso vindicare (to seize goods, etc., for non-payment of taxes Seæv., Dig., 19, 2, 61, extr. ; Paullus, Dig., 39, 4, 11) :also committere (e. g., ne prædia in publicum committerentur, Paullus, Dig., 3, 5, 12) :distrained, commissus (e. g., hypothecæ commissæ = ” quæ in potestatem creditoris veniunt ob omissionem solutionis ad diem dictam ;”but this is when there was a clause to that effect in the deed) :property that has been distrained, quod pro commisso tenetur; quod cecidit or venit in commissum.Anybody’s goods have been distrained, alicujus bona venierunt ; aliquis necessitate juris bonorum venditionem passus est (Gaius 2, 154). Vid. EXECUTION (legal).
DISTRAINER, qui commisso tollit or vindicat aliquid : qui bona alicujus vendit.
DISTRAINT, commissum (the sum that the imperial “fiscus” claimed for non-payment of taxes, etc.; vid. DISTRAIN) :bonorum venditio (when the goods distrained are sold) :pignoris capio or captio (vid. Gaius 4, 28).A distraint has been levied on anybody, alicujus bona venierunt (vid. Gaius 2, 154); aliquis necessitate juris bonorum venditionem passus est (ib.).The ” publicani” possessed the right of distraint for non-payment of taxes, data est pignoris captio publicanis vectigalium publicorum populi Romani adversus eos, qui aliqua lege vectigalia deberent (Gaius, ib. Though the pledge was taken as a security for payment, there must have been a power of sale, in case of non-payment ; Dict., Antiqq., p. 754, a).To levy a distraint, commisso tollere aliquid : bona alicujus vendere :to order a distraint to be levied, constituere, ut liceat bona alicujus vendere (Gaius 2, 167). Vid. Dict. Antiqq., p. 165, under bonorum emptio.
DISTRESS, || Calamity; vid. CALAMITY or AFFLICTION. To be in distress, in miseria esse or versari ; in summa infelicitate versari ; iniquissima fortuna uti ; in angustias adduci :in the greatest distress, in summas angustias adduci :to relieve anybody’s distress, aliquem a miseria vindicare; ex miseriis eripere :I do not know how to get out of my distress, nescio quomodo me expediam ex re :to be in distress about anybody or anything, laborare de aliquo or de aliqua re (also laborare absolutely, to be anxiously concerned about anybody or anything) :to be in distress for anything, laborare ab aliqua re (e. g., for corn, water, etc.) :my only distress is for you, nihil laboro, nisi ut tu salvus sis :in the distress of the country, difficili rei publicæ tempore :general distress, publica clades or clades atque calamitas. || Pecuniary distress. [Vid. POVERTY.]To be in distress, in angustiis esse ; angustius se habere ; ad inopiam redactum esse :in great distress, in summa mendicitate esse ; mendicitatem perpeti :not to let anybody suffer distress, victum alicui suppeditare ; dare alicui, unde utatur :to relieve anybody’s distress, or anybody that is in distress, alicujus inopiæ opitulari (as to poverty).|| Danger, vid. To be in distress, laborare :a signal of distress, * periculi signum :to give a signal of distress, * aliqua re periculi significationem facere. || Law term; [vid. DISTRAINT]. || The thing seized, pignus (general term, the pledge, in general).
DISTRESS, v. || To make miserable [vid. To AFFLICT.] || To Distrain, vid. || To BE DISTRESSED, laborare (to be in distressing or difficult circumstances ; especially as military technical term :to be distress for corn, laborare ab re frumentaria :ships are distressed, triremes laborant, Cæsar : our men are distressed, nostri laborant) :aliquid me valde conturbat; aliquid me sollicitat, or sollicitum habet, or anxium ac sollicitum habet ; sollicitus sum et angor ; anxio animo et sollicito sum; angi or animo angi; se afflictare or affctari :about anything, anxie ferre aliquid :to be distress (as to circumstances, etc.), [vid. “To be in DISTRESS”] :I am much distressed about your health, incredibili sum sollicitudine de tua valetudine ; invaletudo (al. valetudo) tua me valde conturbat :to make anybody quite distressed, non mediocri cura pellere alicujus animum :distressed circumstances, res familiaris affecta, perturbata :to be distressed for money, de pecunia, laborare ; in summa diffcultate numaria esse. || Distressed, sollicitus ; ægritudine affectus ; æger animo or animi. [Vid. MISERABLE.]
Don’t be distressed, ne sis perturbatus.
DISTRESSFUL, Vid. DISTRESSING.
DISTRESSING, peracerbus :acerbissimus(painful) :molestissimus : difficilis (hard to bear; e. g., quam difhciles plerisque videntur calamitatum societates).To find one’s self in a distressing position, fortuna graviter afflictum esse :anything is distressing (= creates a distressing feeling), male afficior aliqua re :distressing events, acerbitates :it is distressing to me, hoc mihi dolet; valde dolendum est ; hoc me valde conturbat :a distressing situation, res miseræ ; tempora misera [vid. DISTRESS] :a distressing dream, somnium tumultuosum ( Cf., anxius is used sometimes in this sense by Livius, but not by Cicero, anxiæ curæ, Livius, 1, 56) :to feel a distressing fear, cruciatu timoris angi (Cicero, Off., 2, 7, 25) :nothing more distressing could have happened to me, or nothing could be more distressing to me, nihil acerbius or nihil ad dolorem acerbius mihi accidere potuit.
DISTRESSINGLY, graviter; acerbe ; dolenter.To be distressingly ill, laborare ; graviter esse ægrum.
DISTRIBUTE, distribuere (e. g., populum in quinque classes ; pecuniam in judices; exercitum in civitates ; frumentum civitatibus) :dividere :partiri :dispertire : describere :dispensare :digerere (e. g., cibum in omnes membrorum partes) :disponere (e. g., vigilias per urbem, stationes portis) :largiri :dilargiri (to distribute liberally : of money, etc., elargiri ; Persius). [SYN. in DIVIDE.]To distribute equally, æquabiliter partiri or dispertiri (e. g., prædam) :to distribute the voting tablets, tabellas diribere.
DISTRIBUTER, divisor (especially of an appointed person to distribute lands and other presents among the people, etc.) :largitor (he that spends of his own accord) :diribitor tabellarum (of the voting tablets).
DISTRIBUTION, partitio :distributio :descriptio [SYN. in To DIVIDE]. (Cf.,
divisio is foreign to standard prose in this meaning, and digestio only occurs in conjunction with ciborum) :assignatio (with reference to estates or landed property, agrorum) :dispensatio (e. g., annonæ; Livius, 10, 11) :largitio (the distribution of money, largesses, etc.).Equal distribution of the booty, æquabilis prædæ partitio.
DISTRIBUTIVE ; e. g., distributive justice, * justitia suum cuique tribuens.
DISTRIBUTIVELY, distribute (Cicero).
DISTRICT, circuitus :ambitus : ager :territorium (territory) :regio (region) :provincia (province) :conventus (circuit, department) :muneris partes (the particular sphere or province of one’s office). Cf., If in a more extended sense of the word, terra, fines are also used, but ditio must be avoided.
DISTRUST, v. diffidere, perfect, diffisus sum (not to feel confidence in; to have one’s doubts about ; opposed to confidere ; mostly with dative, but ablative voluntate, Cæsar, B, C,. 1, 12, 2, is the reading of several good MSS.; so Suetonius, occasione ; Tacitus, paucitate cohortium. Cf., It has not the meaning of ” not to believe”) :non credere : fidem non habere (not to believe) :to somewhat distrust, subdiffidere (Cicero) :to distrust anybody, diffidere alicui or alicujus fidei :de fide alicujus dubitare (to doubt anybody’s sincerity) :alicui fidem non habere (to have no faith in anybody) :to distrust anybody altogether, summe diffidere alicui :I distrust myself, mihi ipse diffido.
Distrusting himself, sibi ipse diffisus.
DISTRUST, s., diffidentia; in anything, alicujus rei (it only denotes the want of faith or confidence in the capability, sufficiency, or sincerity of anybody or of anything.) In Cicero [Tusc., 4, 37, 80, and De Invent., 2, 54, 163], and even so late as Justin [1, 8, 10], it is only used for want of confidence in one’s own person and fate, in contradistinction to fidentia, i. e., self-confidence) :fides parva (little faith or confidence) :suspicio (suspicion).To entertain distrust, diffidere; some distrust, subdiffidere :to feel distrust of anybody, diffidere alicui or alicujus fidei; de fide alicujus dubitare (to doubt anybody’s sincerity); alicui fidem non habere (to place no faith or belief in anybody) :to feel great distrust of anybody, summe diffidere alicui :I feel distrust of myself, mihi ipse diffido :with distrust, diffidenter (especially in one’s self or anything relating to one’s self ; e. g., one’s good fortune, etc.) :from distrust, diffidentia :whatever causes or excites distrust or suspicion, suspiciosus.
DISTRUSTFUL, diffidens ; diffisus ; of anybody or anything, alicui or alicui rei (in a single case = not having confidence in the capability, sufficiency, or sincerity of a person or an object :men distrustful of themselves, homines diffisi ipsi sibi) :timidus (fearful, timid) :suspiciosus (suspicious ; both as abiding qualities). (The words are found in this connection and order.) timidus et diffidens ; timidus suspiciosusque.
Distrustful of one’s self, ipse sibi diffidens or diffisus; dubitans et ipse sibi diffidens.To be distrustful, diffidere (in a single case; vid. To DISTRUST); of anybody or anything, alicui or alicui rei ; suspiciosum esse (to be of a distrustful or suspicious nature or disposition) :to be somewhat distrustful, subdiffidere.
DISTRUSTFULLY, diffidenter; timide; suspiciose. (The words are found in this connection and order.) timide et diffidenter.
DISTURB, turbare (introduce confusion, etc., also of disturbing water, aquam limo, Horatius, flumen imbre, Ovidius; and figuratively, pacem, voluntatem, aliquid in republica ; and of the mind, inopinato malo turbatus, mente turbatus) :disturbare (to bring into disorder by violent separation; e. g., concionem, sortes) :perturbare (to bring into complete confusion; provinciam, civitatem, otium ; also figuratively, the mind, animum; anybody, aliquem) :interpellare (properly, to interrupt a person speaking ; but, figuratively, to interrupt a person in an action, aliquem ; and also to break up the assembly, comitia [of a tribune] :to disturb anybody in the exercise of a right or in his right, interpellare aliquem in jure suo; Cæsar, B. G., 1, 44) :impedire (to hinder ; aliquem or aliquid ; aliquem a re : to disturb anybody in the discharge of his official duties, impedire aliquem a munere) :vexare (not to leave in peace; e. g., gallinam, a hen while sitting ; also aliquem , to harass).To disturb the state, civitatem (or rempublicam) conturbare or perturbare; rempublicam miscere; anybody’s plans or projects, rationes alicui conturbare ; everything, omnia perturbare or miscere ; to disturb the minds, animos implicare or confundere ; also mentem turbare ; animum perturbare.To disturb a wasp’s nest, crabrones irritare (literally, hornets used proverbially ; Plautus, Amph., 2, 2, 83).
Disturbed in one’s mind, mente turbata; mente captus :I am quite disturbed in my mind, sum animo conturbato et incerto :not to disturb the peace, pacem or pacis fidem servare :to disturb it, pacem (concordiam) turbare :don’t disturb me! noli me turbare ; omitte me ! anybody’s peace of mind is not disturbed, in animo alicujus est pax placidissima :to disturb anybody’s rest, or anybody in his sleep, e somno excitare aliquem (Cicero); alicujus quietem turbare (Prop., 1, 3, 17) :men’s minds are still disturbed, mentes nondum resederunt :to disturb some men’s tranquillity, aliquorum concordiam turbare or disjungere :to disturb the public peace or tranquillity, tumultum injicere civitati (Cf., quietem publicam turbare is not Latin) :to be perpetually disturbing anybody, aliquem semper lacessere; aliquem quiescere or conquiescere non pati (to leave him no peace) :Britain was never in a more disturbed and critical state, non sane alias exercitatior magisque in ambiguo fuit Britannia (Tacitus).
DISTURBANCE, || As act, turbatio :perturbatio (the act of troubling, confusing ; e. g., the tranquillity of the state, otii; of the order of things, ordinis perturbatio) :interpellatio (interruption [as act, and also as circumstance] by the intervening of an event or the intervention of a person) :impedimentum (hindrance ; a circumstance or occurrence of a disturbing nature).Without any disturbance (= interruption), sine ulla interpellatione :to cause a disturbance in anything, aliquid interpellare (to interrupt anything) or impedire (to hinder). || As state, tumultus (noisy uproar, especially threatening or causing a breach of the public peace). (The words are found in this connection and order.) motus ac tumultus (Cicero); strepitus ac tumultus (Cæsar); terror ac tumultus (Livius) :turba (and when used indefinitely, turbæ, plural ; interruption of public order). (The words are found in this connection and order.) turba ac tumultus (Cicero); turba et confusio rerum (Cicero) ; turbæ atque seditiones (of seditious disturbances; Sallustius); turbæ atque discordiæ (Tacitus).An exciter of disturbances, turbæ ac tumultus concitator :to excite disturbances in the camp, efficere turbas in castris :to be making a disturbance (by noisy, passionate language, etc.), tumultuari :that no disturbance may be made, ne quid turbæ fiat (Plautus) :what is all this disturbance ? quid hoc tumultus est (Ennius, where it is tumulti)? a general disturbance, omnium rerum perturbatio :to cause a general disturbance, omnia miscere et turbare :disturbance of mind, conturbatio mentis (Cf., labefactatio is the disturbance as act or cause of the disturbed state of things, Quintilianus, 8, 4, 14) :to cause a disturbance in the state, civitatem perturbare ; rempublicam labefactare, or conturbare, or quassare (to shake), or dilacerare (to tear it to pieces) :to cause ruinous political disturbances in one’s country, lacerare patriam.
DISTURBER, turbator (he who troubles anything ; e. g., the peace, tranquillity, pacis, otii) :interpellator (he who interrupts anything by his intervention ; e. g., sermonis) :interventor (of an uncalled for or annoying intruder ; one that annoys by his visits) :feminine, turbatrix; interpellatrix. A disturber of the peace, pacis turbator (properly) :reipublicæ turbo : turbo ac tempestas pacis atque otii (a sort of fire-brand in the state) ; homo turbulentus ; turbæ ac tumultus concitator ; turbarum auctor (one who excites the minds of the populace ; the author of disturbance in general).
DISUNION, || Separation, Vid. || State of being disunited (improperly); of disagreement, disjunctio :alienatio (Cicero) :disjunctio animorum (Cicero) :discordia :dissidium :dissensio. (The words are found in this connection and order.) dissidium ac dissensio : dissociati civium animi (disunion in a slate, that has been promoted by anybody).To cause disunion, ordinum concordiam disjungere (to set the different classes at variance).
DISUNITE, TRANS. || To separate, disjungere : dirimere :dissociare, etc. [Vid. To SEPARATE.] || To part friends, etc., discordes reddere : dissociare (to disturb the social relationship between two or more individuals) :aliquorum concordiam disjungere (e. g., of the different classes in a state, ordinum; Cicero) :To disunite persons, dissociare, disjungere aliquem ab aliquo or a familiaritate alicujus : alienare aliquem or voluntatem alicujus ab aliquo :distrahere aliquem a aliquo.To be disunited, dissociari : alienari ab aliquo : distrain cum aliquo : discordare :they are disunited, discordia inter eos orta est; discordant inter se ; discordes inter se facti sunt :to reconcile friends that have been disunited by the wickedness of men, distractos perfidia hominum amicos rursus in pristinam concordiam reducere :the disunited citizens, dissociati animi civium or patria discordans (the state itself ; Tacitus, Ann., 1, 9, 2) :a state disunited by party
feelings, civitas aliorum alias partes foventium factionibus discors (Livius, 33, 48, extr.).
DISUNITE, INTRANS. Vid. To SEPARATE, inlrans.
DISUSAGE,
DISUSE. || Desuetude, vid.To fall into disuse (of a law), situ et senio emori : abolescere et relinqui (Gellius, 20, 1). || Want of use or practice, by circumlocution. The power of memory is weakened by disuse, memoria minuitur, nisi eam exerceas.
DISUSE, v., detrahere alicui alicujus rei consuetudinem :a consuetudine alicujus rei aliquem abducere :dedocere aliquem aliquid : desuescere (e. g., [hunc] desuevi, ne quo ad cœnam iret etc. Titin., ap. Non.) :mostly in past participle, desueta arma, etc.
DITCH, fossa (general term) :fossa incllis :incile (for water ; e. g., in the field).A small ditch, fossula :a covered ditch, fossa cæca (opposed to fossa patens) :to make a ditch, fossam facere, ducere (in the Silver age, fossam premere, deprimere, percutere ; vid. Burmann Quintilianus, Decl., 3, 16, p. 72 : incile ducere, Ulpianus) :to open or clear out ditches, incilia aperire :to make a ditch before anything, fossam præducere ; around anything, fossa cingere or circumdare aliquid.
DITCH, v. fossam (fossas) ducere, facere.
DITCHER, fossor (general term for digger).
DITHYRAMB, poema dithyrambicum : dithyrambus.
DITHYRAMBIC, dithyrambicus.
DITTANY, dictamnus or dictamnum (* origanum dictamnus, Linnæus).
DITTY, canticum :cantilena : cantiuncula. Vid. SONG.
DIVAN, * concilium summum (Turcarum).
DIVARICATE, divaricare (transitively, Cicero ; intransitively, Varro ; nec cujus ungulæ divaricent).
DIVARICATION, By circumlocution with divaricare. || Difference of opinion, Vid. DIFFERENCE.
DIVE, v. To dive into anything, se mergere in aliquid or in aliqua re (to plunge into) :also, se mergere in aquam : subire aquam (to go under the water in general) :urinari (if to remain for some time ; e. g., as divers) :inurinare in aliqua (e. g., in lacu, Columella; of birds) :to dive for pearls, -* margaritas conquirere. || FIG., To penetrate, penetrare :intrare : assequi or percipere aliquid (to follow with one’s understanding, to reach mentally, to perceive) :perspicere (to look through anything) :to dive into a subject; into the nature of anything, alte descendere in aliquid :penetrare in or ad aliquid :alicujus rei primas causas conquirere (e. g., naturæ , Cicero) :persequi aliquid (e. g., stirpium naturas, Cicero) :rerum naturam evolvere; accuratius or subtilius investigare aliquid : aliquid investigare et perscrutari ; to dive into anybody’s thoughts, explorare quid agat aliquis (quid moliatur) :also, alicujus animum or ingenium perspicere.
DIVER, urinans : urinator (by profession) :these pearls are procured by divers, hæ margaritæ urinantium cura petuntur (Plinius). || A water-fowl, mergus (αἴθυια).
DIVERGE, abire in diversas partes : abire in contrarias partes : divaricare (used intransitively, Varro) :refringi (of rays that fall on a reflecting surface, and thence diverge or are reflected) :lines that diverge from the centre, lineæ, quæ ex centro emittuntur (Plinius ; where the divergency is only implied).A genealogical tree rises with a single stem, and then branches out into two diverging lines, στέμματα cognationum diverso limite in duas lineas separantur.
DIVERGENCE,
DIVERGENCY, declinatio (general term for divergence from a straight line in general).
DIVERGENT, By the present participle of the verbs in To DIVERGE.
DIVERS,Vid. SEVERAL.
DIVERSE,Vid. DIFFERENT.
DIVERSIFICATION, By circumlocution, unless varietas, commutatio, or immutatio will serve.
DIVERSIFY. || Distinguish, Vid. || Variegate, vary, distinguere. (The words are found in this connection and order.) variare et mutare ; variare et distinguere (e. g., graviora opera lusibus jocisque distinguere; variare otium labore, laborem otio). [Vid. to CHANGE : to VARY.]To diversify ( = to vary, in oratory) a subject (with regard to expression and thought), orationem variare ac distinguere quasi quibusdam verborum sententiarumque insignibus ; orationem ornare (or exornare). [Vid. To EMBELLISH.] || Diversified, varius (properly, of variegated colors; then of what is changing and of different sorts : Cf., it must not be mistaken for diversus ; i. e., entirely different). (The words are found in this connection and order.) multiplex variusque; varius et multiplex (the latter, opposed to simplex).
DIVERSION, || A turning from its course, derivatio (of a river, fluminis) :deductio (e. g., rivorum a fonte, Albanæ aquæ, Cicero). || Sport, ludus :oblectatio : oblectamentum : voluntas (pleasure, delight) :animi relaxatio (mental relaxation). [Vid. AMUSEMENT.] || Military term ; e. g., to make a diversion, hostem distinere; hostes distringere.
DIVERT, || To turn off from any course, flectere ; declinare aliquem , or aliquid de re (Cf., declinare in this sense not Ciceronian ; but Livius, si quo inde agmen declinare voluissem ; and Quintilian, neque spe neque metu declinatus animus) :animum et cogitationes avocare a re (with reference to the mind) :derivare (of rivers, etc.; also improperly, rem in aliquid) :deducere (to lead or move astray) :avertere (to give a different direction) :abducere : abstrahere (to divert entirely) :avocare (to call off; aliquem ab aliqua re :to anything, ad aliquid.Also of “diverting forces some other way,” [Davies], milites ad aliud bellum avocare, Livius).To divert the course of a river, flumen derivare, avertere ; aquam de fluvio or ex flumine derivare (to lead off the water) :to divert the river from its usual, or into another channel, flumen novo alveo avertere :to divert anybody from his purpose, aliquem a consilio revocare :not to allow one’s self to be diverted from one’s purpose, perstare in aliqua re. || Hence, to turn the mind from anything it is intent on, distrahere (e. g., alicujus industriam in plura studia) :aliquem distinere (to distract his attention) :distringere aliquem (to occupy with more than one object).To divert anybody’s mind from his grief, animum alicujus a curis or a solicitudine abducere :aliquem oblectare. || Hence, to amuse, vid.
DIVERTING, Vid. ENTERTAINING.
DIVERTISEMENT, Vid. DIVERSION.
DIVEST, || PROPR.Strip (of clothes, etc.), spoliare veste or vestibus :exuere aliquem veste; also, detrabere alicui vestem :nudare aliquem (SYN. in STRIP). || FIG., To deprive, vid. To divest one’s self of anything, decedere aliqua re or de aliqua re (e. g., of one’s estates, de suis bonis; of one’s rights, jure suo or de suo jure) ; also, aliquid missum facere, mittere (to let anything go, give it up) :to divest one’s self of all cares, omnes curas doloresque deponere; of the command, imperium deponere :to divest anybody of all his possessions, aliquem omnibus bonis evertere or expellere (to turn him out of his estates) ; also aliquem de fortunis omnibus deturbare.In Livius, and in later writers, exuere aliquem (e. g., agro paterno avitoque, Livius; avitis bonis, Tacitus ; patrimonio, Suetonius) ; of former habits, a pristina, consuetudine deflectere :to divest a subject of its sophistical arguments, captiones discutere :to divest of any deceptive appearances, in lucem proferre ; aperire [opposed to operire] :to be divested of their deceptive appearance (illum) quo fefellerant, exuere mentitum colorem (Quintilianus) :to divest anybody of an office, abrogare alicui munus ; of the command, adimere alicui imperium. For my part I cannot divest myself of the notion, that etc., mihi quidem ex animo exui non potest, with accusative and infinitive (e. g., esse deos, Cicero) Cf., in the Silver Age, exuere was used in almost every meaning of our “divest,” and as several such applications are found in Cicero, it is correct in this sense ; e. g., to divest one’s self of one’s human feeling, humanitatem or hominem exuere, Cicero) :to divest one’s self of a title or dignity, etc., dignitatem suam destituere (Seneca, Ep., 36, in.) :to divest one’s self of an erroneous opinion, of fear, etc., dejicere, depellere aliquid (Vid. Cicero, Ecl., p. 109).
DIVESTURE, by circumlocution with verbs under DIVEST.
DIVIDE, || To part an entire thing, dividere (to separate, so that the parts are distinct and can be discerned each by itself; also of things that divide an object, or separate two things ; e. g., to divide the river in two arms [speaking of a piece of land], flumen in duas partes cf. To SEPARATE) :partiri (partire not Ciceronian, except in partitus [passive], to divide a whole into smaller parts, so that these parts may bear a proper proportion to each other, e. g., a body, corpus; aliquid in membra : to divide the genus into different species, genus in species ; then also = to divide (anything) with anybody; vid. below). (The words are found in this connection and order.) partiri ac dividere (e. g., the whole genus into species, genus universum in species) :dispertire or dispertiri (to separate into parts) :distribuere (to divide a whole in such a manner, that every one receives a proportionate quantity; to divide in a proper manner) :describere (to point out by writing, how a whole is, or is to be divided, and to whom the parts belong, or are to belong ; e. g., annum in duodecim menses; terram in regiones) :dispensare (to weigh out, as it were ; hence, to divide proportionately, pecuniam, numos, fontem inter incolas) :sejungere, disjungere (to part what was united).To divide into parts, in partes dividere ; into two, three, four parts, aliquid in duas, tres, quatuor partes dividere ; aliquid bifariam or bipartito, trifariam or tripartito, quadrifariam or quadripartito
dividere, distribuere, dispertire :to divide into equal parts, æquabiliter dispertire (e. g., the booty, prædam) :to divide anything into two equal parts, æqua portione dividere aliquid :to divide anything into twelve equal parts, aliquid in duodecim partes æquabiliter dividere :to divide anything in equal portions among several persons, aliquid æqua portione dispensare (literally, to weigh it out to them, with dative of the person) :to divide anything ” ad infinitum,” dispertiri aliquid in infinita :to divide (anything) with anybody, partiri cum aliquo (to share, or go shares with anybody; also without accusative, as in English ” to go shares” not mentioning the object) ; dividere aliquid cum aliquo (e. g., one’s bread, etc., cum esuriente panem suum).To divide among themselves (of several), partiri inter se :to divide anything among themselves, aliquid inter se dividere, or partiri or dispertiri : to divide anything among several persons, partiri or dispertiri aliquid inter, etc. [vid. the following section of this article = To DISTRIBUTE] :to divide one’s time between labor and recreation, tempora laboris voluptatisque dispertire :the whole day is divided between sleeping and reading, totus dies inter stratum et lectionem divisus est :to divide Asia into provinces, civitates Asiæ in provincias describere :to divide a question, a bill, etc., into two (that the votes may be taken separately), sententiam dividere :the opinions are divided, sententiæ in diversum tenduntur; sententiæ variantur :to divide into four classes, dispertire aliquid in quatuor genera ; a speech into its heads, orationem in sua membra ; the people into five classes, populum in quinque classes distribuere :to divide one’s time according to one’s occupations, negotia cum tempore commetiri :to divide into ” decuriæ,” or companies of ten, decuriare ; into ” centuriæ” or bodies of a hundred each, centuriare. || To divide itself, themselves; or to be divided, dividi (to be divided, general term) :dissidere : discrepare :distrahi (to be divided in opinion).Historians are divided in their opinions as to whether…or, utrum…an, etc., auctores in diversum trahunt(Livius); persons are divided in their sentiments, expectations, etc., alius in aliam partem mente atque animo trahitur (Cæsar) :to divide itself into two arms, in duas partes dividi (of a river); also in duo ora discurrere (to discharge itself by two mouths or streams) :se findere († via in ambas partes se findit, Vergilius) :to be divided into two classes or parties, in duas partes discedere :to divide themselves, discedere ( = in duas partes, in manipulos, etc. of persons; also improperly, of things, hæc quatuor velut proposita…in duo genera discedunt, Quintilianus) :the opinions in the Senate were divided, duæ sententiæ senatum distinebant. || To separate, to keep apart, dividere (e. g., seniores a junioribus, Livius) :dirimere :separare : secernere :discernere :discludere :secludere :sejungere : disjungere :segregare :distinguere. [SYN. in SEPARATE.] (Cf., Dispescere is unclassical for dividere, discludere).κυρικιμασαηικο The river Garonne divides the territory of the Gauls from that of the Aquitani, Gallos ab Aquitanis Garumna flumen dividit :Spain is divided from Africa by a strait, Hispania ab Africa angusto diremta freto :the Alps, that divide Italy from Gaul, Alpes, quæ Italiam a Gallia sejungunt :the river which divides the realms of Jugurtha and of Bocchus, flumen, quod Jugurthæ Bocchique regnum disjungit :divided into two, three, etc., bipartitus, tripartitus, quadripartitus, quinquepartitus. || To divide amongst, dividere (e. g., agros, bona viritim, etc., vid. DISTRIBUTE) :to divide the property or estates among the soldiers, the plaintiffs, etc., bona militibus, bona inter accusatores dividere :to divide the recruits among the legions, tirones inter legiones dispertire :to divide land among the people, jugera in homines describere :to divide equally, fairly, æquabiliter partiri or dispertiri (e. g., the booty, prædam ; money, pecuniam, numos). || To disunite by discord, discordes reddere :dissociare : dissociare, distrahere, aliquem ab aliquo. [Vid. DISUNITE.]
Divided, distractus (e. g., distracti perfidia hominum amici) :discordans (e. g., patria, Tacitus, Ann., 1, 9, 2) :a slate divided by factions, civitas aliorum alias partes foventium factionibus discors (Livius, 33, 48, extr.). || In arithmetic, dividere :to divide by a 100, aliquid in centum partes diducere († Horatius).
DIVIDE, INTR., discedere :decedere :abire (to go away) :discedere inter se (to go away in different directions, to go different ways) :dividi. || To vote by dividing (of the Senate), discedere (the form was, qui hoc censetis, illuc transite ; qui alia omnia in hanc partem, Plinius, Ep., 8, 14).To order the Senate to divide, patres in sententiam discedere or ire jubere :to divide with anybody, discedere in alicujus sententiam (general term, Livius) ; ire in alicujus sententiam (Cicero, Fam., 1, 2) :to divide against anybody or any question, discedere in alia omnia :a great majority divides against a question, de re aliqua frequentes (sc. patres) eunt in alia omnia (Cicero, Fam., 1, 2) :a great majority divides with Hortensius, in Hortensii sententiam multis partibus plures eunt (Cicero, Fam., 1, 2) :to insist on the house dividing (on a question), discessionem facere (ib.). DIVIDEND, || In arithmetic, * numerus dividendus. || Interest paid on a certain amount of capital, usura :fenus (vid. INTEREST) :Cf., fenus is the gain or profit arising from a loan ; the interest with reference to the creditor who receives it ; hence it comes nearest to our ” dividend ;” the interest with reference to the debtor is usuræ.
DIVIDER, || He that divides anything into portions, qui partitur :(Cf., partitor is without sufficient authority, since in Cicero, Vat., 5, 12, portitor is undoubtedly the correct reading.) || One who deals out, divisor (an appointed person to distribute landed property, presents, etc., among the people). [Vid. also, DISTRIBUTOR.] || A disuniter. Vid. DISTURBER.
DIVINATION, divinatio :vaticinatio :auguratio (from the flight of birds) :prædictio (a prophecy, in general).|| Conjectural presage, conjectio :conjectura (relating to profane matters).Vid. CONJECTURE.
DIVINE, v., divinare (absolutely, Cicero, Divin., 1, 3 : aliquid, futura, etc. ; also divinare de aliqua re ; e. g., de exitu, Nepos) :præsagire (= “futura ante sentire,” Cicero ; aliquid animo) :præsentire (have a presentiment of; futura, Cicero, aliquid animo, Cæsar; dolos, Vergilius) :præcipere (to anticipate by a happy conjecture ; e. g., the enemy’s plans, consilia hostium, Cicero) :cogitatione præcipere (e. g., futura, Cicero); opinione præcipere (Cæsar) :conjicere :conjectare :conjectural assequi or consequi (to arrive at anything by conjectures) :To divine anybody’s meaning, etc., ad sensum opinionemque alicujus penetrare (Cicero, Partit., 36, 123) :that is not easy to ditermine, horum difficilis est conjectura.
DIVINE, adjective, divinus (properly and improperly) :cœlestis (heavenly). Cf., If divine is used hyperbolically of a profane object, use the superlative of the words in FINE or BEAUTIFUL; e. g., venustissimus, etc., or by eximius, etc. [vid. INCOMPARABLE].Our mind is of divine origin, a Deo animos haustos et libatos habemus ; ex divinitate animos haustos et acceptos habemus :divine inspiration, * afflatus or instinctus divinus :by divine inspiration, divinitus (adverb, Cicero, Att., 1, 16) ; * numine or spiritu divino afflatus or instinctus :divine service, deorum (with us, Dei) cultus :to attend divine service, sacris adesse :a divine sentence, divinitus dictum. Vid. HEAVENLY.
DIVINE, s. || A theologian, * theologus (θεολόγος ; general term) :* literarum sanctarum studiosus (one who studies theology) ; also rerum divinarum or sacrarum interpres. || A clergyman, sacerdos (general term, for priest) :clericus :ecclesiasticus :sacrorum antistes (belonging to the clergy; Eccl.) :divines, clerus :clerici :ecclesiastici (Eccl.).
DIVINELY (e. g., divinely inspired), divinitus. || Improperly eximie ; egregie. Vid. INCOMPARABLY.
DIVINER, vates (inspired by a god; vaticinator only Pont., 1, 1, 42) :divinus (one who has naturally the gift of prediction, which, however, he may also cultivate by art) :fatidicus (he who foretells the fate of men) :sortilegus (by the medium of lots) :augur (a public augur, who discloses the future by observing the flight of birds, or interprets the will of the gods from other phenomena) :haruspex (who interprets the will of the gods by inspecting the bowels, etc., of the animals at a sacrifice ; extispex with particular reference to divinations from the entrails only) :hariolus (a vagrant fortune-teller, like our gipsies) :the tales of a diviner, effata vatum.
DIVING-BELL, * testa urinatorum.
DIVINITY, || Deity, vid :numen divinum (divine power, etc., vid. GOD) :deitas (deity) :natura divina (the essence or nature of God).To deny the divinity of Christ, * negare Christum Deum fuisse humana specie indutum (after Cicero, N. D., 24, 63), or * divinam Christi naturam oppugnare. || Theology, theologta ; divinarum rerum doctrina :to attend divinity lectures, * literis sanctis in academia operam dare :a divinity student, * literarum sanctarum studiosus.
DIVISIBILITY, dividua alicujus rei natura (after Cicero, Tim., 7, in.).
DIVISIBLE, quod dividi potest, dividuus (that can be separated, the latter only of bodies) :fissilis (that may be split, of bodies) : Cf., divisibilitas veru late (Tertullianus).
DIVISION, || The act of dividing into parts, divisio : partitio :distributio [SYN. in To DIVIDE]. To make an equal division of anything, æqua portione dividere
aliquid. || The state of being divided, divisio :diremptio : diremptus :separatio :sejunctio :disjunctio [SYN. in To DIVIDE] (in the sense of keeping apart; second section of that article). || That by which anything is kept apart, paries intergerinus (a wall of division, properly) :discrimen (improperly, distinction). || The divided part itself, pars : portio :membrum [SYN. in PART]. || Scientific division, dispositio (e. g., in rhetoric, architecture, etc.; vid. also, DISPOSITION) :distributio (the arranging everything in its proper place) :locus (the principal part of a subject) :The divisions of a literary work, pars (singular) :particula (subdivision or paragraph, in general) :caput (principal division) :liber (bonk or chapter of a larger work) :a division in a speech, incisum, articulus (article) :membrum (κῶλον) :division in a verse, cæsura : incisio (gramm.). || Distinction, vid. || Technical term in arithmetic, divisio. || Military term, legio (a Roman legion) :pars exercitus (a part of the army, in general) :agmen (if on the march) :in two, three, etc., divisions, bipartito, tripartito :to march up in three divisions or columns, tripartito agmine or diviso in tres partes exercitu incedere ; triplici acie instructa proficisci :by or in divisions, exercitu in partes diviso (e. g., to advance or march up, incedere). || For the purpose of voting (in the Senate), discessio. To insist that a division shall be taken, discessionem facere :no division took place, discessio non facta est (Cicero). [Vid. To DIVIDE, INTR.] || Difference, disunion, vid.
DIVISOR (in arithm.), perhaps * divisor (as technical term).
DIVORCEMENT,
DIVORCE, divortium; also discidium (considered as a separation) :diffarreatio (the declaring void, or revocation of a marriage contracted by ” confarreatio”) :repudium (properly of a marriage only contracted, not solemnized; but also SYN. with divortium; Dict., Antiqq., p. 371, the sending away of a wife) :an unexpected divorcement, abruptio matrimonii :to sue for a divorcement, agere de divortio. Vid. To DIVORCE.
DIVORCE, v. matrimonium or nuptias dirimere :to divorce a wife, divortium facere cum uxore; repudium remittere uxori ; uxorem repudiare ; uxorem matrimonio exigere (vid. Ruhnken, Terentius Hec., 2, 1, 45) ; uxorem e matrimonio dimittere (or, if by force, expellere, to turn her out of doors) :to be divorced, separari cœnis et cubilibus discerni (to be separated a mensa et toro, after Tacitus, Hist., 5, 5, 2). || FIG., To separate forcibly, Vid. To DIVIDE or To SEPARATE.
DIURNAL, diurnus. Vid. DAILY, adjective.
DIURNALLY, Vid. DAILY, adverb.
DIVULGE, vulgare :divulgare :pervulgare (to spread the news of anything, divulgare,with accessary notion of spreading in all directions ; pervulgare, in a more extensive sense, through all the world, to let all the world know ; e. g., rumorem, rem) :evulgare :in vulgus edere (what was to be kept secret) :signifioare, declarare, aperire sententiam suam :dicere, quid sentiam de re (to reveal or declare one’s opinion) :palam facere :in lucem or in medium proferre (to make known, to expose) :aperire : patefacere (to publish, to reveal, to lay anything open). (The words are found in this connection and order.) aperire et in lucem proferre :proferre et patefacere : enunciare (to publish, declare, etc., especially what ought to be kept secret, sociorum consilia, mysteria, etc. Cicero, rem alicui per indicium, Cæsar).You must not divulge it, hoc tibi soli dictum puta :anything is divulged, aliquid in vulgus emanavit. Cf., Dicta foras eliminare is poetical only (Horatius, Ep., 1, 5, 25), instead of dicta foras efferre or proferre, to tell tales out of school.
DIVULGER, vulgator († e. g., taciti, Ovidius, speaking of Tantalus, who divulged the secrets of the godi), or by circumlocution, qui famam alicujus rei divulgat ; qui edit aliquid in vulgus, etc.: blatero (one who blabs, vid. Gellius, 1, 15, extr.).
DIZEN, ornare (general term) :exornare :distinguere : comere [Vid. BEDIZEN]: * cultu speciosiore quam pretiosiore uti.
DIZZARD, Vid. BLOCKHEAD.
DIZZINESS, vertigo oculorum, or vertigo only.To cause dizziness, vertigines facere [vid. ” To make DIZZY”] :to stop dizziness, vertiginem discutere or sedare ; offusam oculis caliginem disjicere :one who is subject to dizziness, vertiginosus :to feel a sensation of dizziness, vertigine corripi.
DIZZY, || Of a person feeling so, vertiginosus. To become dizzy, vertigine corripi :he felt quite dizzy from looking down from such a height, altitudo caliginem oculis offudit :to be dizzy, vertigine laborare :to make (anybody) dizzy, vertigines facere. || Causing dizziness, vertigines faciens.A dizzy height, unde despici vix sine vertigine oculorum potest (in Livy, sine vertigine quadam simul oculorum animique) ; or altitudo oculis caliginem offundens. || Giddy, thoughtless; Vid. GIGGY.
DIZZY, v. Vid. “To make dizzy,” in DIZZY, adjective DO, facere :agere : gerere (facere, ποιεῖν, to “make,” used especially of productive activity ; and with reference to the means taken to produce an effect, and to the effect itself, as something abiding ; agere, πράττειν, is more general, “to do,” ” to be doing,” with reference to the object pursued and to its occupying, generally, the mind of the agent :also of “actions” that, when done, remain, as invisible things, in the memory, not as visible effects.Facere is, however, used absolutely, and with neuter pronouns, etc., in the sense of “do,” when “conduct,” or the “efforts” of the agent are referred to [faciam, ut potero ; multa feci ; quæ, etc. ; plus, quam feci, facere non possum] ; and always when ” do ” is used as the representative of another verb, the repetition of which is thus avoided ; e. g., supplex te rogo, quod sine summo dolore facere [the act of imploring you on my knees] non possum : gerere refers to the series of actions by which anything is carried on and completed ; e. g., quæ etiamsi voluntate Dolabellæ fiebant, per istum tamen omnia gerebantur, Cicero) :administrare (to manage, superintend ; to be the person who actually executes what is to be done).They acted on their own discretion, and did whatever seemed best to be done, per se, quæ videbantur, administrabant. To do too much or too little, modum excedere in aliqua re :I don’t know what to do, quid agam or faciam nescio ; consilii inops sum ; incertum est, quid agam ; quo me convertam, nescio :he believed ” that he hath nothing done, that doth not all,” nihil actum putabat, si quid superesset agendum :to be able to be done, fieri posse :(to enquire, etc.) what they should do in their situation, quid facerent de suis rebus :to do good, evil, bene, male agere or facere :to do right, recte agere; recte facere (Cf., the latter, in as far as the effect of the act is such as it ought to be; vid. the difference between agere and facere as explained above) : to have a great deal to do, multis occupationibus distineri ; to have always something to do, assiduis occupationibus impediri : to have plenty to do, satis negotiorum habere : anything gives me a great deal to do, res me occupatissimum habet : to have enough to do with one’s own affairs, suarum rerum sat agere :to do nothing, nihil agere (general term = being unoccupied); domi desidem sedere (to sit idle at home); studia negligere (to neglect one’s studies) :to have nothing to do, otiosum esse (to be at leisure); negotiis vacare or vacuum esse (to have no business that one need do) ; * quæstum manu facere non posse (to be out of work, of a day-laborer) ; to set anybody something to do, alicui pensum imperare (properly, to give the female slaves a certain quantity of wool to spin, etc., as Quintilianus, 3, 7, 6 : improperly, of setting any task or work) ; alicujus operam conducere (to hire anybody as a laborer).Cf., Most phrases formed with substantives, adjectives, or adverbs ; e. g., to do PENANCE, ONE’S DUTY, RIGHT, etc., are to be looked for under those substantives. || To accomplish, effect, perform, finish; vid. those words. || To have intercourse, etc., with anybody, ratione cum aliquo conjunctum esse (with reference to connection in trade, etc.); mihi commercium est cum aliquo (with reference to intercourse); mihi res est cum aliquo (my business is with him; I have to settle it etc., with him).I have, or will have, nothing to do with such men, tales homines fugio. || To meddle with or be employed in anything, operam suam navare alicui rei ; versari in re :to have nothing to do with the management of anything, vacare administratione alicujus rei :I will have nothing to do with it, hanc rem non attingam :I have nothing to do with this (it is not my business), hoc meum munus non est ; hæ non sunt meæ partes :what have I to do with that? quid ad me? quid mihi cum illa re? || To take a course with a person ; e. g., what can we do with that fellow ? or what is to be done with him ? quid hoc homine or huic homini facias ? There is nothing to be done with him, * homo est ad omnia ineptus ; in eo et operam et oleum perdidi (whatever trouble you may take about him will be thrown away, Cicero, ad Div., 7, 1) :what am I to do with him? quid illi or illo faciam (Cf., not cum illo, which is only used once by Plautus, Capt., 4, 2, 22, in this meaning.The most usual construction is that with the ablative or dative : the preposition “de” is comparatively rare ; principally in the passive form with “fio; ” e. g., what will they do with me ? quid de me fiet?). || Emphatically used (= I pray) ; e. g., do come to me instantly ! amabo te, advola ! do place yourself in my position, fac, quæso, qui ego sum, esse te :do say! dicdum ! do make haste! agitedum! do write, etc., fac scribas, etc. ! do show! ostende vero! do take it! cape vero! do lay
aside your anger ! minue vero iram! do let us mount our horses! quin conscendimus equos! do answer! quin respondes !do hear (what I have to say) ! quin tu audi ! do leave me alone! quin omitte me! do but consider ! fac cogites ! || Implying assent ; e. g., I shall now rest from my work.
Do! ( = very well !) esto (be it so) ! bene ! recte ! pulchre (as term of applause) ! quam maxime (very well) ! ita est (that’s it, as answer) !MISCELLANEOUS PHRASES -We do you, to wit, * omnes sciant :* ne alicui sit ignotum (as formula at the beginning of a document); * omnibus sit edictum (as formula of an edict) :to do nothing but, nihil aliud quam (with a verb ; e. g., discursare) :they do nothing but play, omne tempus in ludo consumunt :he does nothing but talk about it, istud semper habet in ore :I have nothing to do with this, hoc nihil ad me attinet :I have nothing to do with you, nihil mini tecum negotii est :to do everything one’s self, omnia per se obire :to do anybody a good turn, alicui officium præstare; beneficio aliquem afficere; gratum alicui facere; alicui gratincari; benigne alicui facere :you will do me a great kindness or favor, if, etc., magnum beneficium mini dederis, gratissimum mihi feceris, si, etc. :to be able to do a great deal with anybody, auctoritate sua multum valere apud aliquem :to do something for anybody, in alicujus causa aliquid efficere :to do something for anybody (= assist him), aliquo aliquem auxilio adjuvare; adjuvare aliquem in aliqua re :the work is not quite done yet, operi nondum accessit ultima manus :what has that to do with it ? quid hoc ad rem ? I have nothing to do with that, nihil hoc ad me (sc. pertinet) :how can that be done? or, is that to be done? qui potest? as far as it can be done, quoad fieri potest :he declared it could not possibly be done, huc ullo modo fieri or effici posse, negavit :I have done it, rem absolvi :I have done with the book, librum perlegi (i. e., have read it through) :to have done the task, peregisse laboris sui pensum :you have nothing to do here, * nihil est, quod hic agas; or by the question, quid tibi hic est negotii? (what is your business here?) :have done ! omitte me! sine me (leave me alone) ! potin’ ut desinas ? (can’t you hold your tongue? comedy) : done! en dextram! (there is my hand!) or cedo dextram ! what are you doing? quid agis ? quam rem agis ? quid facis or instituis ? how do you do? quid agis? quidagitur? (how are you getting on?) ut vales ? (how are you ? how do you feel ?) : what are you going to do ? quid inceptas ?I can do it by myself, rem ipse conficere possum :I will take care that it shall be done, hoc mihi curæ or cordi erit :what is to be done ? quid faciendum est? to get anything done [vid. To GET]. To do great mischief, magnum malum excitare :what was all that to do about (= what was all that noise about) in the market? quid tumultus or turbæ fuit apud forum? that will do, sufficit mihi aliquid (that is sufficient, I want no more) ; sed satis de hoc ; sed satis jam verborum est ; nolo plura dicere (let us say no more of it) also sed hæc hactenus ; sed finis sit (let us drop it) ; heus tu, manum de tabula (have done, give over now, as Cicero, ad Div., 7, 25, 2) :that will never do, * hoc mihi nunquam probabis (i. e., of a frivolous excuse); hoc quidem non adducar, ut credam ; non facile adducar (not inducar) ad credendum (you will not easily make me believe that) :it does not do for anybody to do so and so, non decet aliquem aliquid facere (e. g., oratorem irasci) :one can do nothing with him, * homo est ad omnia ineptus (not fit for anything); homo est morosior et difficilior (he is of a nasty temper, so that one cannot get him to do anything to oblige one; also with ” compressis, quod ajunt, manibus sedere,” as used proverbially by Livius, 7, 13; not to stir an inch) :to be doing well, in rebus secundis esse ; in bona conditione constitutum esse :I am doing pretty well, * habeo, unde me sustentem (i. e., I am getting my living) :not to be doing well, afflictiore conditione esse ; in rebus adversis esse ; parce ac duriter vitam agere. To DO AGAIN, reficere : reparare (to repair) :in melius restituere (to improve) :reconcinnare (to put to rights again ; vid. Cicero, Quintilianus, Fr., 2, 6, 3) :emendare (to correct) :retractare (to go over again) :repetere (to repeat) :iterare (to do a second time) :redintegrare (to do afresh) :retractare (to set to work again at anything).To DO AWAY WITH, Vid. ABOLISH, abolere. To DO OVER, Vid. “to COAT WITH.” To DO UP, involvere; involucro tegere; in fasces colligareTo do up one’s luggage, sarcinas colligere vasa colligere ; sarcinas aptare itineri (the first of soldiers or others, the two last of soldiers only) :to do up a parcel of goods, merces in fasciculos colligare :to do up with a cord, astringere or constringere (e. g., luggage, sarcinas)To DO WITHOUTVid. ” to DISPENSE WITH.”
DOC1BLE,
DOCILE, || Easy to be taught, doctlis :qui cito aliquid discit.To show one’s self very docile, docilem se præbere ad aliquid. || Tractable, qui regi potest (properly, and improperly ; vid. Seneca, De Ira, ii., 15, extr.) :tractabilis (Cicero) Cf., Not mollis ( = too yielding; giving way in everything).
DOCIBLENESS,
DOCILITY, docilitas (ingenii) :celeritas ad discendum : * natura tractabilis (tractableness) : DOCK, s. || A stump of a tail, by circumlocution trunca (literally, mutilated) cauda (after trunca manus, Tacitus, Ann., 13, 14, 3) :cauda parva :caudicula (a small or short tail; later only). || A station for ships, navale, and (more especially) plural, navalia :nearest to the port and docks, proximus portu navalibusque (Cæsar) :to come out of dock, ex navalibus deduci (Cæsar). || To lay ships in dock, naves subducere (to lay them on a dry place, after the navigation is stopped by the season ; but not naves trahere ad litora = to drag them to the shore against the will of the captain ; as, Sallustius, fragment in Serv, Vergilius, Æn., 3, 425, of Charybdis). || The plant, rumex (Plinius). DOCK, v. To cut off a tail, caudam equo præcidere (Livius) :A horse with his tail docked, equus curtus (Prop., 4, 1, 20; it is probable, according to Kruse’s Hellas, part i., p. 366, that this operation was not unknown to the ancients). [Vid. To CURTAIL.] || Of an account or bill; vid. To DEDUCT.
DOCKET, || A ticket tied on goods, * index. || To strike a docket, perhaps * aliquem ut solvendo imparem deferre :or * postulare, ut in possessionem rerum debitoris quidam ex creditoribus ejus mittantur.
DOCTOR, Physician; vid. || As academical degree, doctor.A doctors degree, * doctoris honores, munus, dignitas.To take a doctor’s degree, * amplissimum doctoris gradum adipisci ; * ad amplissimum doctoris gradum promoveri ; * in doctorum ordinem ascribi; doctoris nomine insigniri (K.) :to be going to take (or to apply for) a doctor’s degree, * summos doctoris honores petere :to take the degree of doctor of laws with great credit, magna cum laude gradum doctoris juris adipisci (Wyttenback).A doctor of divinity, law, medicine, philosophy, doctoris theologiæ, utriusque juris, medicinæ, philosophiæ.
DOCTOR, v. dare, præbere alicui medicamentum : curare.κυρικιμασαηικο DOCTORAL, by genitive, doctoris.
DOCTORSHIP, * doctoris dignitas ac nomen :* dignitatis doctoris insigne (cf. Cicero, ad Div., 10, 6, 9).
DOCTRINAL ; e. g., doctrinal verse or poem, * carmen in quo præcepta traduntur : * carmen didacticum (technical term) :doctrinal subject, res, in qua præcipitur, traditur :doctrinal means, docendi ratio ; e. g., as displayed by Socrates, disserendi ratio a Socrate profecta :doctrinal proposition, præceptum :doctrinal points, or articles, * capita doctrinæ sacræ.
DOCTRINE, doctrina :præcepta, orum :præceptio (the sum or summary of precepts or truths) :disciplina :decretum :dogma (n.) :placitum or scitum (the principle, in as far as it is based on the opinion of the philosopher ; vid. Cicero, Acad., 2, 43, 133 ; 2, 9, 27 and 29, Seneca, Ep., 95, 9).An elaborate system of doctrine, satis et copiose et eleganter constituta disciplina ; accurate non modo fundata, verum etiam exstructa disciplina :philosophical doctrines, præcepta philosophiæ or philosophorum (the precepts of philosophy); also præcepta et instituta philosophiæ ; præcepta officii (moral precepts).
DOCUMENT, || Precept, etc., vid. || Deed, record, literæ :tabulæ.Public documents, publicæ tabulæ :to draw up documents, tabulas conficere.
DODDER, * cuscuta (Linnæus).
DODGE, || To deal with tergiversation; to use shifts, dolum componere :artificium excogitare. || To play fast and loose, aliquem eludere et extrahere (to make a fool of anybody, to put him off from one time to another) :aliquem lactare et falsa spe producere (to raise anybody’s hopes and then disappoint him; Terentius, Andr., 4, 1, 24) :aliquem variis dilationibus frustrare :aliquem variis frustrationibus differre, aliquem per frustrationem differre (to put anybody off from one day to another by some fine tale) :orationis vanitatem adhibere (if by empty words) :falso promittere (by false promises ; Ovidius, Her., 20, 195). || In running, vertere se. gyros variare (in Tacitus, of horses) :to dodge a person, flexu eludere (e. g., qui cursu parum valent, flexu eludunt, Quintilianus, 9, 7, 28) :* sequentem aliquem flexuoso cursu effugere ; or * multis mæandris flexionibusque effugere aliquem (after quos tu mæandros, quæ deverticula flexionesque quæsisti, Cicero, but of a person returning by a devious course).
DODGE, s.,flexus (e. g., flexu eludere, Quintilianus, 9, 7, 28).
DODGER, homo multorum temporum (one who uses tergiversation) :homo vanus or vaniloquus. || One who dodges in running; by circumlocution, qui flexu eludit (Quintilianus).
DODO, * didus.
DOE, cerva :doe-rabbit, * Cuniculus femina (after lupus femina, Ennius; porcus femina, Cicero, Leg., 2, 22, 57).
DOER, auctor facinoris or delicti ; from the context, auctor only. By circumlocution qui, quæ facinus, or flagitium, or scelus commisit ; qui, quæ facinus in se admisit ; ad quem, ad quam maleficium pertinet (the doer of a crime); also machinator or princeps atque architectus sceleris :beneficiorum auctor, or qui beneficia in aliquem confert, or contulit (a doer of good) :princeps, princeps et architectus alicujus rei (the principal doer of anything) :a great talker, but little doer, lingua promptiorquammanu :lingua fortis (Livius, 23, 45); in periculis timidus, sicubi metus absit, inflatus (timid in danger, bold when it is past; Justinus, 2, 10,23).
DOG, s., canis :a little dog, canicula :a young dog, catulus :catellus (young and small) :a lap-dog, catellus, quem mulier in deliciis habet (Valerius, Max., 1, 5, 3) :a house-dog, canis domesticus :to set dogs on anybody, canes immittere in aliquem :to keep dogs, canes habere, alere :of dogs, caninus :the barking of dogs, latratus canum :like a dog, canum more :the dog tax, tributum in singula canum capita impositum (after Cæsar, B. G., 3, 32) :the bite of a dog, morsus canis ; morsus canis rabiosi (of a mad dog) :dog’s milk, lac caninum :dog’s mouth, rictus caninus (†).
Dog-Lalin, * latinitas in culinis nata :Latinitas culinam redolens :dog-kennel, stabulum canum : tugurium canis (†) :dog-skin, pellis canlna :dog-collar, vid. below :dog’s-nose, rostrum canis :dog’s-tooth, dens caninus :dog’s tongue, lingua canis or canina :a mad dog, canis rabidus or rabiosus :to live the life of a dog, in miseria esse or versari :to treat anybody like a dog, alicui contumeliose injuriam facere ; aliquem contumeliose vexare :to be as tired as a dog [vid. DOG-TIRED] :to send to the dogs, projicere :to go to the dogs, pessum ire :perire. || Dog = the male of an animal (as dog-fox, etc), mas.
DOG (as epithet), scelus :scelestus, but plural, fæx populi, sentina reipublicæ (the French canaille); also homo deterrimus (a contemptible individual) ; homo ignavus (a coward).
DOG (the constellation), Vid. DOG-STAR.
DOG, v. indagare :odorari. (The words are found in this connection and order.) indagare el odorari :investigare (to follow the trace of anything) :odore aut aliquo leviter presso vestigio aliquid persequi (to follow by scent or track, as a dog ; Cicero, Verr., 4, 24, 54).
DOG-BRIAR,
DOG-ROSE, * rosa canina :cynosbaton.
DOG-CHEAP, vilissimo pretio :to buy dog-cheap, vilissimo (sc. pretio) emere :ære pauco emere (Gellius, 9, 4, 5).
DOG-COLLAR, mælium or mellum (a dog-collar armed with sharp points ; Varro, R. R., 2, 9, 15) :aimilla (iron ring for a dog’s neck; hence canis armillatus, Prop., 4, 8, 24).
DOG-DAYS, dies caniculares.
DOG-FLY, * musca canicularis (Linnæus).
DOG-GRASS, * triticum caninum (Linnæus).
DOG-HEARTED, Vid., CRUEL.
DOG-HOLE, Vid. DOG-KENNEL in DOG.
DOG-KENNEL, Vid. DOG. DOG-LOUSE, ricinus.
DOG-SLEEP :To sleep a dog-sleep, vigilanti naso stertere (Juvenalis).
DOG’S-TAIL-GRASS, * cynosurus (Linnæus).
DOG-STAR, canicula .Sirius.The greater and lesser Dog-stars, Canis Major et Minor.
DOG-TEETH, dens caninus (singular).
DOG-TIRED, defessus ; defatigatus ; lassitudine confectus :dog-tired, or as tired as a dog from running, cursu et lassitudine exanimatus.I am dog-tired, or as tired as a dog, omnia membra lassitudo mihi tenet (comical).
DOG-WOOD, cornus.
DOGE, * dux Venetus :* summus apud Venetos magistratus.
DOGGED, Vid. SULLEN.
DOGGEDLY, Vid. SULLENLY.
DOGGEDNESS, Vid. SULLENNESS.
DOGGEREL, * versus rhopalicus (technical term) :* versus Leoninus (the middle cæsura of which will rhyme with the end) :versus inculti et male nati (bad verses in general; Horatius, Ep., 2, 1, 233) :abusive doggerel, * prorsus canini versiculi (after prorsus canina eloquentia, Quintilianus, 12, 9, 9).
DOGGISH, morosus (especially of old people) :mordax (improperly, of persons, biting like a dog) :in a doggish manner, morose; mordaciter.
DOGMA, dogma, atis (δόγμα), or pure Latin, decretum, or (post-Augustan) placitum or scitum (a determination; a point ruled by a philosopher) :ratio (principle ; method of thinking and acting of a philosopher or other person ; in which sense principium is not Latin) :præceptum (precept ; rule, etc.; also of a philosopher ; Horatius, Ep., 1, 1, 18; Seneca, Ep., 95, 12) ;institutum. (The words are found in this connection and order.) præcepta institutaque philosophiæ : sententia(opinion; also of a philosopher).
DOGMATIC, * dogmaticus :* ad legem Christianam pertinens.
Dogmatic theology, * doctrina sacra.Vid. DOGMATICALLY.
DOGMATICALLY, || Magisterially, tamquam magister (e. g., persequi omnia, Cicero) : jactatione doctrinæ (with a parade of one’s learning, etc.).There is nothing so disgusting as to hear a man talk dogmatically, nihil odiosius est jactatione doctrinæ (after Quintilianus, 1,6, 40, and 1, 5, 11) :one that speaks dogmatically, multiplicis variæque doctrinæ jactator (after Quintilianus, 11, 1, 17; one that would be thought to know everything) : Cf., polyhistor, as title merely of a well-known work of Solinus. To decide a thing dogmatically and off-hand, prius dijudicare, quam quid rei sit scias (Terentius, Heaut., 2, 2, 8) :to begin to talk dogmatically, ad præcipiendi rationem delabi (Cicero).
DOGMATICALNESS, * judicium plenum arrogantiæ : pertinacia (obstinate perseverance in matters of opinion) :vincendi studium (the desire to show that one is in the right; vid. Cicero, Acad., 1, 12, 44; pertinacia aut vincendi studium) :* præcipiendi et docendi pertinacia, or pertinacia only (obstinacy in defending one’s opinion).
DOGMATIST,
DOGMATIZER, * pertinax sententiæ suæ defensor : qui prius dijudicat, quam quid rei sit sciat (Terentius, Heaut., 2, 2, 8) :* cujus omnis oratio quasi præcipientis cujusdam et docentis est :* qui ad præcipiendi rationem nunquam non delabitur : * qui tamquam magister præcipit :nothing more hateful than a dogmatist, nihil odiosius est jactatione doctrinæ.
DOGMATIZE, ad præcipiendi rationem delabi (to begin to dogmatize) :opinionem suam pertinaciter defendere (Quintilianus) :quasi præcipere et docere videri (after Cicero, Læl. 46) :tamquam magistrum persequi omnia (Cicero, De Rep., 1 2, though not in a contemptuous sense) :affirmare de re (to assert or maintain anything to be so and not otherwise; vid., Cicero, Ecl., p. 60) :prius dijudicare, quam quid rei sit scias (Terentius, Heaut., 2, 2, 8); also * arrogantius judicare (to decide a point arrogantly).I am afraid of seeming to dogmatize, vereor, ne quasi præcipientis cujusdam et docentis esse videatur oratio (Cicero, Læl., 46).
DOING,
DOINGS, Vid. ACTION, DEED, FEAT.
DOLE, || The act of DISTRIBUTION, vid. || Anything presented or distributed, donum :munus :præmium : jactura :donarium :corollarium :xenium (ξένιον) :donativum :congiarium :liberalitas ( = donum, not before Silver Age), munusculum [SYN. in GIFT, PRESENT]. || Provision or money distributed in charity, demensum (general term for what is measured out in portions) :cibus or victus diurnus (food or provision given out daily; vid. Terentius, Phorm., 1, 1, 9) :stips :beneficium (an alms; vid.) :portio (a part of the whole, in as far as anybody has claims on it, only used in classical Latin in “pro portione”). || Grief, vid.
DOLE, v. Vid. To DISTRIBUTE.
DOLEFUL, Vid. DISMAL.
DOLEFULLY, Vid. DISMALLY.
DOLEFULNESS, Vid. GRIEF.
DOLL, pupus :pupulus (male) :pupa : pupula (feminine ; all four also as terms of affection). || FIG., puella putida (an affected woman, one dressed like a doll).
DOLLAR, * thalerus; * nummus imperialis (Rix-dollar).
DOLORIFIC, Vid. PAINFUL.
DOLOROUS, || Painful, vid. || Doleful, sad, vid.
DOLOR, Vid. GRIEF, PAIN.
DOLPHIN, delphinus.
DOLT, baro : stipes : caudex : germanus asinus.
DOLTISH, Vid. STUPID.
DOLTISHLY, Vid. STUPIDLY.
DOLTISHNESS, Vid. STUPIDITY.
DOMAIN (or demesne), * prædium privatum principis.
DOME, Vid. CUPOLA.
DOMESTIC, s.Vid. SERVANT.
DOMESTIC,
DOMESTICAL, || Kept about [i. e., near] the house, domesticated (of animals), domesticus (e. g., quadrupedes, Celsus, 2, 18; a meaning which Freund has overlooked) :villaticus (kept about the villa; i. e., country-house and farm; gallinæ, Varro; alites, Plinius ; quadrupedes, Plinius) :cohortalis (kept in the farm-yard, cohors or cors ; aves, Columella, 8, 2) :domi natus (e. g., omne animal quadrupes domi natum, Celsus 2, 18).
Domestic animals, pecus (udis ; opposed to fera). || Belonging to the house, domesticus (relating to one’s home, household, or family, opposed to forensis; i. e., relating to public or official life; or opposed to communis, belonging to all others) :privatus (relating to private life, or a private individual, opposed to publicus ; i. e., relating to the state or the public welfare, etc.; vid. Cicero, Att., 1, 17, 6 ; non forenses res, non domesticæ, non publicæ, non privatæ carere diutius tuo suavissimo atque amantissimo consilio ac sermone possunt) :umbratilis (relating to anything that is done quietly, or at home; e. g., exercitatio) :attentus ad rem :diligens (economical, careful) :frugi (orderly, homely, good, in a domestic
sense) :domestic affairs, negotium domesticum :res domesticæ :domus (the house) :res familiaris, from the context res only (the money matters, property, etc.) :negotia domestica : domus officia (duties of the wife) :to manage, superintend, etc. :the domestic affairs, negotia domestica curare; domus officia exsequi (of the wife), conficere ea, quæ domi debent administrari :the nature of women is adapted for the management of domestic concerns, natura comparata est mulieris ad domesticam diligentiam :domestic evils, malum domesticum; dolor intestinus (pain felt respecting such evils; Severus, in Cicero, ad Div., 4, 5, 2); mœror domesticus (grief respecting domestic affairs ; opposed to mœror communis, Suetonius, Cal., 5). || Liking to remain at home, etc., rarus egressu (seldom going abroad; Tacitus) :* domi focique amans or amantissimus (fond of his home; cf. domi focique meminisse, Terentianus) :* qui parietum umbris libenter se occulit : qui (quæ) nidum servat (prov., Horatius) :qui libenter domi or domo se tenet or retinet :qui libenter publico caret or se abstinet :qui domo raro excedit or egreditur.To be very domestic, parietum umbris occuli :in interiore ædium parte sedere (both of the Greek women). || Intestine, not foreign, intestinus (occurring in one’s own country; opposed to externus, foreign) :domesticus (vid. above); (The words are found in this connection and order.) intestinus ac domesticus :domestic evils, malum, quod inhæret in visceribus (of the human body as well as the state) : malum intestinum :malum intestinum ac domesticum (of the state) :domestic affairs, res domesticæ (with reference to the state).
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DOMESTICATE, || To make domestic, parietum umbris assuefacere aliquem :* assuefacere aliquem domi or domo se tenere, retinere :efficere, ut aliquis publico carere or se abstinere possit. || Tame; vid.