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CUT, v., TR., secare (general term, also with a surgical instrument) :scalpellum admovere or adhibere alicui rei (with a surgical instrument) :scalpere (to shape or frame by cutting, to carve ; e. g., wood, stone; vid. To CARVE) : metere :demetere (to cut with the scythe) :castrare (to castrate, of men and beasts ; then also = to cut off a part) :temperare (to give anything a point by cutting, e.g., a pen).To cut out of anything, exsecare aliquid alicui rei :to cut to pieces, secare, consecare :
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to cut up a tree into boards, arborem in laminas secare :to cut into pieces, minutim or minutatim concidere :to cut to the bone, consecare usque ad ossa :to cut anybody’s throat, jugulum alicui præcidere ; jugulare aliquem :to cut anybody for the stone, alicui calculos excidere :to cut one’s self, cultro se vulnerare :the morning air cuts one’s face, matutinum frigus mordet os :to cut wood, lignum cædere (by hewing) :to cut stones out of a quarry, lapides ex lapidicina, or merely lapides cædere (which is different from “lapides secare,” i. e., to c. stones to serve as parts for any given work) ; also saxa de lapidicina eximere (to take them out) :to cut poles, palos cædere :to cut ( = prune) trees, putare ; amputare deputare. Vid. also, under To CUT DOWN :to cut (hedges), tondere ; detondere :to cut meat, carnes conscindere :to cut the hair, pilos recidere, tondere :to cut glass, vitrum tornare; vitrum torno terere(on a lathe); vitrum cælare (to cut figures in alto-rilievo into it) :to cut the meadows, prata secare or desecare :to cut with an axe, (ascia) dolare :dedolare :edolare (to shape roughly; asciare = to shape or chip away with a trowel, vid. Vitruvius 7, 2, 2 : exasciare is only used in the participle exasciatus ; vid. Plautus, Asin., 2, 2, 93, and used tropically for ” to prepare’); ascia polire (to make smooth with an axe); circumdolare (to cut or make smooth all round with the axe) :to cut wood (to serve as timber), materiari ; materiam cædere (Cæsar B. G., 7, 73) : lignari (if for burning) :a forest in which the wood may be cut, silva cædua (opposed to incædua) :to cut and carry (e. g., corn), frumentum in horrea invehere. || Engrave; or cut into, scalpere in aliqua re (e. g., aliquem in gemma) ; incidere alicui rei : describere in aliqua re (to cut into or write with a sharp instrument on anything); insculpere (with a chisel); exsculpere aliquid alicui rei (exsculpere, if in alto-rilievo : ” insculpere,” if in basso-rilievo). || Of sharp instruments ; e. g., the teeth of a saw, etc., incidere (Ovidius, Met., 8, 245) :atterere, stringere (e. g., cutem, the skin ; e. g., speaking of a cord, etc.) :a knife or instrument that does not cut [vid. BLUNT]. || FIG., To cut a figure in the state, in administratione reipublicæ florere ; principis personam tueri in civitate :he did not cut a very splendid figure, * minus splendide se gessit. || To cut anybody, ignorare aliquem (i. e., to pretend not to know him, eadem nunc, quom est melius, me, cujus opera est, ignoras mala, Plautus, As., 1, 2, 18) :ab amicitia alicujus se removere ; amicitiam alicujus dimittere (of giving up his acquaintance) :Every body cuts you, nemo te agnoscit (Cicero); omnes te oculis fugiunt (Cicero). || To cut (run away), vid. || To cut capers, exsultare (Nepos, Eum. 5, 5, of a horse). [Vid. To CAPER.] || To cut on [vid. To RUN]. || To cut away [vid. To CUT OFF and ALONG. ]|| To be cutting one’s teeth, dentire. To CUT DOWN, (α) To fell, arbores collucare or interlucare (to cut down trees on different spots, to clear, i. e., of trees) ; arbores intervellere (to cut off the branches); silvam excidere (to clear the forest) :to cut down the forests, silvas sternere dolabris (Curtius 8, 4, 11). (β) To kill, trucidare :trucidando occidere (to slaughter) ; obtruncare (to massacre) :cut down every thing, omnia sternite ferro (Livius 24, 38) :a great number of the fugitives were cut down, magna cædes fugientium est facta :a great number were cut down on both sides, pugnatum ingenti cæde utrimque :to cut anybody down (who has hanged himself), præcidere alicui laqueum (Seneca, Controv., 5, 1, extr.).To CUT INTO ; incidere :accidere (to cut anything so nearly through, that the least touch will cause it to fall ; e. g., arborem, Cæsar, B. G., 6, 27) :to cut into small pieces, minutim or minutatim concidere :to cut pieces of bread into soup, mollia panis incoquere (after Plinius, 29, 4, 23) :to cut bacon into small squares, spatulam porcinam tessellatim concidere (Apicius, 4, 3, p. 133, ed,.List.).To CUT OFF, (α) To separate anything by cutting off a part from its whole; secare :desecare :resecare (general terms) :subsecare (to cut off a small part, e. g., of one’s nails, ungues) :abscidere (not abscindere, to hew off) :præcidere (to cut off in front) :to cut off anybody’s head, amputare alicui caput :anybody’s tongue, exsecare alicui linguam :ears, nose, lips, etc., præcidere, or decidere, or abscidere alicui aures, nasum, labiaque :anybody’s hair, pilos recidere; præcidere capillos :to cut off one’s beard, barbam ponere (vid. Bremi, Suetonius,Cal., 10) :to cut off grapes, detrahere uvas arboribus ; uvas legere :(β) to disturb or interrupt anything in its course by cutting or digging :to cut off their supply of water, flumen avertere (by turning a river ; Cæsar, often in a hostile sense) ; also præcidere fistulas, quibus urbi aqua suppeditatur (to cut the water-pipes) :to cut off all access to a place, intercludere viam (by ditches). || IMPROPR., (α) To impede anything or anybody in any course :to cut off from anything, intercludere aliquem re or a re (e. g., the enemy from a town, their magazines, the main body, etc. : to cut off the enemy’s proposed line of march) :excludere aliquem re or a re (e. g., the enemy from the harbour, the sea-coast, etc.). (β) Of things or circumstances that impede or break off anything, præcidere alicui aliquid (to cutoff anybody’s return, hope, etc.) :excludere or intercludere aliquem aliqua re (e. g., the retreat) :the enemy from their supply of water, prohibere hostem aqua or aquatione (i. e., prevent them from fetching water) :to cut off supplies, commeatu aliquem intercludere or prohibere ; re frumentaria aliquem intercludere ; frumento commeatuque aliquem prohibere ; urbem omni commeatu privare (if a town) :to cut off all approach or access to anybody, alicui omnes aditus ad aliquem intercludere :all opportunities, præcidere alicui omnes causas (Terentius, Hec., 4, 2, 22) :to cut off short, præcidere :(γ) To destroy, funditus tollere or evertere; delere; exstinguere; exterminare; exstirpare ; excidere [SYN. in To DESTROY]. (The words are found in this connection and order.) exstirpare et funditus tollere :(δ) To shorten, curtare :decurtare : contrahere (e. g., orationem).(ε) To take away, demere; auferre ; tollere; eripere ; detrahere; surripere ; amovere ; removere ; adimere [SYN. in To TAKE AWAY]. (ζ) To interrupt (a speaker, etc.), interpellare (to interrupt an orator or speaker) :intercipere (to interrupt a conversation abruptly, sermonem medium) :dirimere (to cause to cease entirely, e. g., sermonem) :interrumpere (to cause anything to cease in its course or the midst of its progress) :(η) To intercept, deprehendere (to take or seize in its course e. g., alicujus tabellarios, a messenger; literas, letters ; naves, vessels) :intercipere (messengers, letters, etc., if secretly or by lying in ambush) :intercludere (to obstruct ; e. g., alicui fugam; aditum alicui ad aliquem ).(θ) To deprive of an inheritance, exheredare :hereditate excludere : exheredem facere or scribere :to cut one’s son off with a shilling, filium exheredare (i. e., in one’s will) ; “filium abdicare,” however, is used in the case of the son being disowned by his father during the lifetime of the latter, and thus losing his inheritance. To CUT OPEN, incidere (i. e., to open anybody by cutting) :insecare (to make an incision in anything, in order to open it ; e. g., of an anatomist opening a body, corpus mortuum).To CUT OUT, || To shape ; e. g., * pannum in habitum vestis consecare (to cut out a coat, or any garment or dress) :formare (to give anything the shape or form which it requires) :conformare (to shape so as to produce symmetry in the various or different parts of the whole) :fingere; confingere ; figurare ; formam alicujus rei facere; imaginem alicujus rei ducere; sculpere; scalpere [SYN. in To FORM].(The words are found in this connection and order.) fingere et formare :to cut out anything after a certain pattern, aliquid in fcrmam alicujus rei redigere. || To contrive, excogitare ; cogitatione assequi ; invenire ; comminisci ; coquere ; concoquere (the two latter in a bad sense) ; machinari (stronger term). || To adapt :one cut out for a thing, natus ad aliquid :cut out for anything, for an (orator), unus ex omnibus ad (dicendum) maxime natus aptusque :he is quite cut out for a philosopher, inest natura philosophia in hujus viri mente quædam; also ad aliquid factus; alicui rei or ad aliquid natus factusque (opposed to ad aliquid doctus or institutus) :to be cut out for athq, idoneum esse ad aliquid :not to be cut out for anything, alienum esse alicui rei :non utilem or inutilem esse ad aliquid. || To outdo, superare or exsuperare aliquem (in) aliqua re ; vincere aliquem aliqua re ; antecedere or præcedere, or anteire, or præstare aliquem, or alicui aliqua re; priorem esse aliqua re; esse ante aliquem aliqua re ; excellere (in) aliqua re ; e. g., all others, aliis [SYN. in To EXEL]. || To debar, excludere; segregare ; removere [SYN. in To EXCLUDE]. To cut anybody out from anything, aliquem a re excludere, segregare ; excludere aliquem re (e. g., honore magistrates). || To cut out with a sharp instrument (e. g., with
a knife, scissors, etc.), exsecare : exsculpere [vid. To CUT, init.] :excidere (with an axe, pick-axe, etc. ; e. g., lapides e terra; columnas rupibus) :to cut out a road between the mountains, viam inter montes excidere :to cut out an obelisk, obeliscum excidere :to cut out the leaves (of a book), librum intercidere (if for the purpose of falsifying it, Plinius Ep., 6, 22, 4, Gierig).To CUT SHORT, || To abridge, contrahere (e. g., orationem) ; in angustum cogere ; amputare ; imminuere ; notare. [SYN. in To ABRIDGE. Vid. also, To ABBREVIATE.] || To interrupt suddenly, interpellare (to interrupt a speaker, or one who speaks) ; also obloqui alicui (if for the purpose of contradicting him) :intercipere (to check or interrupt suddenly or abruptly, e. g., sermonem medium) :intervenire alicui rei (to step, as it were, between and interfere ; e. g., deliberationi) :dirimere (to cause to stop entirely ; e. g., sermonem) :moram facere alicui rei :moram afferre alicujus or alicui rei :cohibere. To CUT THROUGH, secare :intersecare : dissecare (to cut asunder, into pieces, and thus mutilate) :persecare (to cut through entirely) :concidere :præcidere (to separate, cut, or hew into pieces, præcidere, in front) :consecare (to cut through and into small pieces) :scindere, discindere (to cut or cleave through forcibly) :decussare (to cut through cross-wise ; e. g., a line) :to cut through in the middle, medium secare :to cut through with an axe, ictu findere :to cut through with a knife, a sword, etc., ferro dividere :to cut one’s way through the enemy, viam ferro facere or patefacere (inter, etc.; vid. Tacitus, Ann., 1, 32, 2); iter ferro aperire or patefacere (vid. Sallustius, Cat., 58, 7, Herz.) ; erumpere ad aliquem (to anybody) ; per medios or per mediam hostium aciem perrumpere (through the midst or the thickest of the enemy) :to cut through the snow, nivem secare (Livius 21, 36).To CUT UP, || To carve or cut into small pieces, consecare; persecare; concidere; dissecare. [SYN. in To CUT THROUGH] : to cut up [a dead body], secare :incidere corpus mortui ejusque viscera et intestina scrutari (Celsus, præf., p. 16; Bip.,p. 7, ed. Kraus.); rescindere artus cadaveris (Seneca, Controv., 5, 34) ; insecare aperireque humana corpora (of an anatomist, Gellius, 10, 10).to cut up by the roots, alicujus rei radices evellere et extrahere penitus ; omnes alicujus rei stirpes ejicere :radicitus vellere, evellere, extrahere, avellere et extrahere. || FIG., || Satirize, acerbis facetiis irridere ; destringere :perstringere :carpere (vocibus or sinistris sermonibus) :vexare :peragere.
CUT, INTR., (but only from omission of object). || To be sharp, acutum esse. It is a cutting wind, fngus mordet os :a cutting wind, ventus perfrigidus :ventus nivalis (bringing snow) :A cutting witticism, facetiæ acerbæ.
CUT, s., sectio (especially of a surgical incision) :ductus falcis (the cut with a vintager’s knife, as act ; opposed to ictus falcis, i. e., when used for hewing) :ictus (a blow that reaches anything, and thus wounds it, whether with a stick, a cudgel, or a weapon, etc.) :incisio :incisura : fissum (e. g., jecoris or jecorum) [vid. INCISION] : sectura (a cutting, Varr., L. L., 5, 23, § 115 ; Plinius, 37, 8, 33) :concisura (the division itself made by a cut, split ; Plinius 34, 8, 19) :fissura (a cleft) :plaga (the stroke that falls upon the person that is hit, either with a weapon or a blunt instrument, as a stick, etc) :verber (a cut or strike with a whip, rod, etc.; compare Tacitus, Ann., 13, 57, 5 ; “ictu fustium aliisque verberibus ut feras absterrebant.”). In the plural, sometimes (The words are found in this connection and order.) verbera et plagæ. [Vid. STRIPE.]A slight cut, plaga levis (i. e., if received) :to make a cut at, cum ictu cædere (e. g., with a scythe) : at anybody, ictum alicui inferre ; plagam alicui inferre, or injicere, or infligere : ictu aliquem vulnerare :plaga aliquem sauciare (to wound with a cut ; the former, however, only if a wound is actually inflicted ; the laiter, only if blood appears) :a cut in the face, cicatrix (i. e., a healed wound) :a cut with a sword, gladii ictus :a cut that disfigures the face, stigma, atis, n. (στίγμα , Martisalis, 11, 85, 13, speaking of a cutin the face made by an unskilful barber). || IMPROPR. A sarcastic remark, facetiæ acerbæ (e. g., omnes acerbis facetiis irridere, to have a cut at everybody in his turn). || A channel (made by art) :canalis (general term) :specus (if a subterranean one; vid. Cæsar B. G., 3, 49) :fistula (if serving as an aqueduct) :fossa (as junction of two rivers, etc.) :a small cut, canalicula :canaliculus :to make a cut in order to effect a junction (e. g., of a river with the lake) ; fossam percutere ad committendum flumini lacum (Plinius, Ep., 10, 70,4). || A part (cut off from a whole), segmen or segmentum :resegmen (general term) :præsegmen (that which has been cut off in front) :particula (a small part, cut off). [Vid. also, PART, FRAGMENT.] || A nearer way, trames : a short cut, trames compendiosus : via proxima et quasi compendiaria (figuratively e. g., ad gloriam, Cicero) :rectissima via (fig. e. g., laudis, Cicero, :
Cf., semlta is a narrow path that runs along, but distinct from, the main road, and is intended for foot-passengers). || The shape of a garment or dress; fashion observed in its style, habitus vestis :a new cut, habitus novus :a coat or dress of a quite new cut, vestis nova :to wear a dress of a quite new cut, nove vestitum esse (Plautus, Epid., 2, 2, 40). || Print, stamp, * figura ligno incisa (a wood-cut) :* pictura linearis or imago per æneam laminam expressa (if engraved on copper) :* lamina cypria or ænea (the plate itself).|| Cuts = lots (e. g., to draw cuts). Vid. LOTS.
CUTANEOUS ; e. g., a cutaneous disease, scabies (general term) ; porrigo (if on the head) ; pustulæ (on the whole body) ; mentagra, mentigo (on the chin).CUTICLE, cuticula :membranula :pellicula [SYN. in SKIN].
CUTICULAR (belonging to the skin). Vid. CUTANEOUS.
CUTLASS, culter venatorius (a forester’s knife) :ferrum (by metonymy, for any sword) :acinaces ( ἀκινάκης , the short sword of the Persians, Medes, and Scythians; which, however, can only be used when we are speaking of those nations).CUTLER, cultrarius (Inscr.).CUTLERY, || The business of making knives and edged tools, * fabrica ferrea (general term, art of working in iron, Plinius, 7, 56, 57). || Cutler’s wares, cultri (knives) :perhaps * vasa ferrea (for ligones, falces, etc. are vasa ; Ulpianus, Dig.,33, 7, 8). CUTLET, * caro frixa :caruncula (any small piece of meat, a chop).CUT-PURSE, sector zonarius (Plautus, Trin., 4, 2, 20). Cf., Crumenica is without any classic authority.
CUTTER, sector (general term for one who cuts anything, cuts off or into pieces, etc. ; e. g., hay, feni, Columella) :a glass-cutter, vitri cælator ; vitri torno terendi artifex [SYN. in “to cut glass,” in To CUT] :a stone-cutter, lapidarius (post-Augustan. Cf., Quadratarius is one who cuts stone out of a quarry ; late). || A cutting instrument, culter; dolabra ( = a butcher’s chopper, Paullus, Dig., 33, 7, 18). || A sort of small vessel (perhaps), cercurus ( κέρκουρος ).|| Cutters (teeth), dentes, qui digerunt cibum lati acutique (Plinius) :dentes, qui secant (Celsus).CUT-THROAT, s., sicarius ; from the context insidiator only (Cicero, Mil., 7, 29) :to hire a cut-throat, percussorem alicui subornare.Vid. ASSASSIN, MURDERER.
CUT-THROAT, adjective, cruentus :sanguinarius (of men, thoughts).
CUTTING, s., segmen (a piece cut off from a whole) :resegmen (e. g., chartæ, after Plinius, 13, 12, 23, resegmen papyri, of paper) :scobis or scobs (of wood, metal, by sawing, filing, boring, etc.) :recisamentum :ramentum :plural, ramenta (chips, vid. CHIP) :assula (for burning ; e. g., of a pine-tree, schidia or assula tædæ) :propago :tradux : mergus (layer of a vine) :sarmentum (any thin branch of a tree or plant, that has been cut, either green or dry, Cicero, Cat.,Maj., 15, 52 ; plural, sarmenta, are dry cuttings of which fagots are made ; e. g., ligna et sarmenta circumdare, Cicero ; sarmenta arida, Livius, ; fasces sarmentorum, id.) :tale : taleola (cutting of trees ; i. e., pieces that are cut at both ends to be planted in the ground) :malleolus (new shoot ; e. g., of the vine, cut off for planting, with a bit of the old wood on each side of it, in the shape of a mallet) :clava : clavola or clavula (diminutive of clava, a slip or twig for planting, Varr., R. R., 1, 40, 4).CUTTING, adjective, acutus (sharp, or that makes a painful impression) :acer (penetrating) :acerbus (figuratively, bitter, of words, etc.) :mordens :mordax (biting) :aculeatus (literally, pricking, mortifying) :
Cutting cold, gelu acutum (of cold weather ; also prægelidum frigus) :a cutting wind, ventus perfrigidus ; ventus nivalis (inasmuch as it brings snow) :a cutting or intense pain, dolor acer or acerrimus :cutting words, verborum aculei :a cutting verse, carmen mordax :a cutting letter, or a letter containing cutting or bitter remarks or words, literæ aculeatæ :cutting jests, asperiores facetiæ :witty in a cutting manner, cum aculeo aliquo facetus :the cutting nature of wit or humour, acerbitas salis :in a cutting manner, mordaciter (late) ; acerbe (improperly, bitterly, e. g., dicere).CUTTLE, sepia (Linnæus).Two species were known to the ancients, namely, the sepia (* sepia officinalis, Linnæus), and the loligo (* sepia loligo, Linnæus), vid. Plinius, 9, 28, 44, and 29, 45. || FIG., A slanderer; vid.
CYCLE, Vid. CIRCLE, ORB.
CYCLOPÆDIA, vid. ENCYCLOPÆDIA.
CYCLOPS, cyclops, opis ( κύκλωψ ), in the singular especially the Cyclops Polyphemus (Horatius, and Ovidius).
CYGNET, * pullus olorinus.
CYLINDER, cylindrus ( κύλινδρος ).
CYLINDRIC, CYLINDRICAL, cylindratus (Plinius 18, 12, 33, ed.Hard.).
CYMBAL, cymbalum ( κύμβαλον , generally in plural, as two were always beaten together) :æs :to play the cymbals, cymbalissare (Cass. Hemina with Non., 90, 25) ; æra concrepare (Petronius,22, extr.); cymbala quatere (Vergilius, Georg., 4, 64).
CYMBAL-PLAYER, cymbalista (Appuleius, De Deo Socr., 49, 18) ; feminine, cymbalistria (Petronius, 22, extr.).
CYNIC, s. cynicus ( κυνικός , a cynic philosopher).
CYNIC, CYNICAL, adjective, cynicus (e. g., sect, gens) :severus : rigidus :asper : mordax (biting) :satyricus (satiric) :a teacher of the cynic philosophy, cynicæ institutionis doctor.
CYNOSURE, Ursa Minor ; parvula Cynosura (vid. Cicero, Acad., 2, 20, 66); if speaking of both the constellations [the bears], ” septentriones” is used ; hence, in Vitruvius, the Great Bear is called “Septentrio Major,” and the Little Bear, ” Septentrio Minor.”
CYPRESS-TREE, cupressus :made of a cypress-tree, cupresseus ; cupressinus :cupressifer (bearing cypress is poetical only) :a cypress-grove, cupressetum.
CZAR, * imperator Russorum.
CZARINA, * imperatrix Russorum.
D.
DAB, || To strike gently, leviter attingere aliquem or aliquid :to dab a sore with lint, vulneri linamenta applicare.
DAB, || A spot, punctum, punctulum, or punctillum (if very small; late) :macula (if larger). || A gentle blow, alapa (with the flat hand) :aspersio (with something). || An adept, rerum intelligens ; sciens ; perltus, in anything, alicujus rei :to be a dab at anything, bene or probe versatum esse in re ; instructum or eruditum aliqua re. || A small flat fish, * pleuronectes rhombus (Linnæus). || A dab-chick, fulica : * fulica chloropus (Linnæus).DABBLE, || To play in water, in aqua ludere; like a duck, * cœnum rostro fodere. || To besprinkle, aspergere ; conspergere. [Vid. BEDABBLE.] || To do anything superficially, etc., inscienter facere aliquid :to dabble in an art, etc., * inscite opificium aliquid or artem aliquam exercere :to dabble in anything ; vid. “to be a DABBLER in anything.”
DABBLER, || One who dips slightly in anything without fully understanding it, homo imperitus ; non satis versatus in aliqua arte (after Cicero) :offensator (a stumbler; a mere dabbler ; vid. Spald. ad Quintilianus, 10, 3, 20) :* imperitus artifex.A dabbler in literature, qui leviter, qui primoribus, ut aiunt, labris gustavit literas :parum versatus in literis artibusque (after Cicero).To be a dabbler in anything, vix imbutum esse aliqua, re :imperitum or parum peritum esse alicujus rei ; leviter attigisse aliquid :to be a dabbler in music, male or imperite tractare fides (but all these expressions fail in expressing that the person is fond of meddling with the subject, thovgh he does it unskilfully). || A superficial meddler, ardelio (Phædrus) :DACE, a sort of fish, alburnus (* Auson., Mos.,126) :cyprinus leuciscus (Linnæus).DACTYL, dactylus (from δάκτυλος , a finger).DAD, DADDY, Vid. Papa.
DÆDAL = ingeniously VARIEGATEDE, vid.
DAFF (provincial), to thrust away, or off, proturbare ; propulsare : aspernari.
DAFFODIL, DAFFODILLY, a plant of the genus Narcissus.* Asphodelus ramosus (Linnæus, ἀσφόσελος ).DAGGER, pugio (general term for dagger, as a weapon; not regularly employed for murder) : sica (the secret weapon of bandits, sicarii).To draw one’s dagger., sicam vibrare ; against anybody, sicam intentare alicui ; pugione petere aliquem :to stab anybody with a dagger, aliquem pugione percutere :at daggers drawing, rixantes inter se :ad depugnandum instructi et parati :to be at daggers drawing, jurgiis certare inter se :acerrime rixari inter se :with anybody, certare cum aliquo pugnaciter; summa contentione cum aliquo pugnare ; tanta contentione cum aliquo pugnare, ut res ad manus atque ad pugnam ventura videatur.
DAGGLE, || To trail, trahere; verrere terram (to sweep the ground, Claudius,Stilich., 2, 248). || To dirty with anything, inquinare aliquid aliqua re :to daggle one’s self, se inquinare (aliqua re ; e. g., cœno or sordibus) :DAGGLE-TAIL, lutosus; cœnosus; squalore sordidus :cœno oblitus (with reference to that part of the dress that comes in contact with the mud).DAHLIA, * Georgia variabilis (Botan.).DAILY, quotidianus (happening every day, customary ; but not necessarily taking up the whole day) :diurnus (recurring every day, and having some reference to the whole day).
Daily food, victus quotidianus (one’s usual daily food) ; cœna quotidiana (one’s usual dinner ; opposed to cœna magnifica) ; victus diurnus ; cibus diurnus (daily rations, the rations prepared for the whole day ; e. g., of the slaves) :to seek their daily bread, victum diurnum quærere.
DAILY, adverb, quotidie ; in dies singulos (quotidie applies to things that are daily repeated ; in singulos dies, to things that, from day to day, increase or decrease; Cicero, Att., 5, 7 . Quotidie, vel potius in singulos dies breviores literas ad te mitto, Döderlein).DAINTILY, adverb, delicate; molliter; belle; venuste; eleganter; nitide; laute; fastidiose.
DAINTINESS, || Fondness for dainties, * cuppedia, æ, f.: ligurritio (both Cicero, Tusc., 4, 11, extr.).|| Exquisite taste, elegantia. || Fastidiousness, fastidium.
DAINTY, adjective || Fond of dainties, * cuppediorum studiosus (after Suetonius,Cæsar 46) :fastidii delicati. I am not at all dainty, nihil moror cuppedia :to be dainty, ligurrire (Terentius, Eun., 5, 4, 14). || Possessing exquisite taste, nitidus ; elegans. || Fastidious, fastidiosus.
DAINTY, s.,cibus delicatus; in the plural, cuppedia, or cuppediæ, cibi delicatiores ; res ad epulandum exquisitissimæ ; bonæ res (Nepos, Ages., 8, 5, τὰ ἀγαθά ); gulæ irritamenta (inasmuch as they tickle the palate, or make the mouth water).Such expressions as escæ molliculæ, scitamenta, belong to comedy, and lautitiæ betokens a magnificent style of living) :to live on the choicest dainties, unum quidque, quod est bellissimum, edere (after Terentius, Ad.,4, 2, 51) :this bird is a dainty seldom to be met with, hæc ales nunc inter primas expetitur :this, too, is one of Gunter’s dainties, est hoc quoque inter opera ganeæ :don’t talk to me of dainties, nihil moror cuppedia.
DAIRY, lactaria cella :dairy-maid, * mulier, or puella quæ lac curat, or quæ lac vendit or venditat.
DAISY, * bellis minor (Linnæus).DALE, vallis. Vid. VALLEY.
DALLIANCE, || Caresses, blanditiæ; blandimenta :to lavish many acts of dalliance upon anybody, multa blandimenta alicui dare. || Delay, dilatio ; prolatio (putting off) :from one day to another, procrastinatio.
DALLIER, cunctator ; cessator (the cunctans delays to begin an action; the cessans to go on with an action already begun ; Döderlein).DALLY, || To caress, blandiri alicui (with words or gestures) :permulcere aliquem , also with the word manu, expressed or understood : amplexari et osculari aliquem (to clasp and kiss). || To trifle with, nugari cumaliquo; nugas agere. || To delay, morari ; remorari; aliquid procrastinare ; aliquid differre quotidie et procrastinare :to dally with anything till the winter, aliquid in hiemem producere.
DALMATIC, dalmatica, with vestis understood (Isid. Orig.) ; * vestis liturgica.
DAM, || Of a person, mater; of a beast, matrix; procreatrix ; genitrix (poetical). || For confining water, moles; agger; moles fluctibus opposita :to make a dam, molem, or aggerem, or molem et aggerem exstruere ; molem or aggerem jacere.
DAM UP, moles atque aggeres objicere alicui rei :a river, fluvium extra ripas diffluentem coercere ; moles atque aggeres objicere fluctibus; molis crepidinibus fluvium coercere ; or merely fluvium coercere.
DAMAGE, incommodum (any adverse and prejudicial accident ; opposed to commodum) :damnum (loss, especially by wrong, opposed to lucrum) :detrimentum (detriment, opposed to emolumentum) :without damage to your health, sine incommodo valetudinis tuæ :to inflict damage, incommodum alicui ferre, or afferre : detrimento aliquem afficere :to suffer damage, incommodum or detrimentum capere, or accipere :to suffer some damage, aliquid damni contrahere. [Vid. DETRIMENT, HURT.] || Damages; to get costs and damages, litem cum impensis obtinere.To sue anybody for damages, aliquem judicio recuperatorio persequi.
DAMAGE, v., nocere ; damno or detrimento esse : damnum inferre ; detrimentum afferre, inferre, or apportare :the storm damages the ships, tempestas affligit or afflictat naves. Vid. INJURE.
DAMAGEABLE, || That may be damaged, quod damnum accipere potest ; quod corrumpi potest. || That may damage, noxius ; nociturus ; damnosus.
DAMASK (linen, or silk woven in flowers), * pannus Damascenus : linteum Damascenum (if of linen) :damask blade, * ferrum Damascenum :damask plum or damson, prunum Damascenum (Martisalis) :damask rose, * rosa Damascena.
DAMASK, v., auro or argento distinguere atque ornare.
DAME, matrona (with reference to her rank) :domina (with reference to her title) :femina (with reference to her sex) :mater familias (with reference to her family ; opposed to concubina) :hera (with reference to her slaves) :magistra (with reference to her school).DAMN, || To condemn; Vid. || To consign to eternal torments, aliquem æternis suppliciis addicere. || To hiss, sibilare; exsibilare ; sibilis consectari ( ἰκσυρίττειν , in order to convey to the speaker or player displeasure) :e scena sibilis explodere (to hiss off the stage, actorem, the player) :ejicere ; exigere ( ἰκβίλλειν, ἐκριπτειν, oratorem, actorem, or poetam, or fabulam) :to be
damned, ejici; exigi :one who has never been damned, intactus a sibilo :to fear being damned, sibilum metuere :that ought to be damned, exigendus.
DAMNABLE, adjective, damnandus ; condemnandus ; sceleratus; scelestus; impius.
DAMNABLY, nefarie ; sceleste.κυρικιμασαηικο
DAMNATION, damnatio ; condemnatio( post-Augustan) :* pœna, qua quis post mortem afficitur ; pœnæ, quæ improbos manent.
DAMNATORY (containing a sentence of condemnation), damnans, or condemnans aliquem or aliquid.
DAMNED, || Condemned, damnatus ; condemnatus; æternis suppliciis addictus. || Hissed off the stage, sibilis explosus.
DAMNIFIC, nocens ; noxius ; nociturus :things that are thought damnific, ea quæ nocitura videantur.
DAMNIFY, damno or detrimento esse ; obesse officere :officere et obstare : damnum inferre; detrimentum afferre, inferre, or importare.
DAMP, adjective || vaporis plenus : vaporosus (Appuleius, Met., 8, p. 222, 31, etc.), humidus; humore vitiatus (if the dampness is perceptible by the smell) :laxus (not well strung, hanging loosely, opposed to astrictus). || FIG., (Milton) demissus ; tristis ; abjectus.
DAMP, s., || vapor ; exhalatio ; nebula (mist) ; humor. || FIG., animi demissio; animus abjectus, or afflictus, or jacens :don’t let him perceive that there is a damp upon your spirits, cave te esse tristem sentiat (Terentius, Andr., 2, 3, 29) :to dispel the damp that is upon anybody’s spirits, animum alicujus jacentem excitare.
DAMP, v. || humectare (e. g., the cheeks with tears, genas lacrimis ) :to be damped, humescere :the eyes are damped with tears, oculus humectat. || FIG., to depress, deprimere ; comprimere; restinguere ; sedare :to damp the fire, ignem, incendium restinguere :to damp the impetuosity, impetum comprimere or sedare :to damp anybody’s courage, alicujus animum, or aliquem frangere (opposed to alicujus animum excitare, or aliquem erigere) ; alicujus animum infringere, or affligere, or percellere.
DAMPISH, subhumidus : poetical, humidulus.
DAMSEL, puella ; virgo (a young maiden, with nobilis added, if of noble birth).Vid. ” young lady ” under LADY.
DAMSON, * prunum Damascenum.
DANCE, saltare (general term) :se movere or moveri :se ad numerum movere (to move the limbs in accordance with time, as in the stately minuet) :tripudiare (of a religious dance; and figuratively for joy) :to know how to dance, saltare scire :to learn to dance, or dancing, saltare discere :to be taught to dance by anybody, ab aliquo saltare doceri :to dance well, commode or eleganter saltare :to dance in a ring, orbem saltatorium versare :to dance to music, ad symphoniæ cantum saltare ; ad symphoniæ cantum saltatione quadam moveri (but only of balanced motions like dancing ; e. g., of dancers on horseback, Plinius, 8, 42, 64).To dance on the tight rope, per funem extentum ire (Horatius) [Vid. ROPE.]To dance to anybody’s pipe, se totum ad alicujus nutum et voluntatem convertere (Cicero) ; totum se fingere et accommodare ad alicujus arbitrium et nutum (Cicero).To dance attendance [vid. ATTENDANCE]. To dance for joy, exsultare ac tripudiare (Cicero) ; gaudio exsilire ; gaudio or lætitia exsultare :a dancing-bear, * ursus, qui ad tibiarum cantum saltatione quadam moveri solet (Plinius, 8, 42, 64).DANCE, TR., To dance a child in one’s arms, * puerum, infantem, etc. in manus acceptum jactare : on one’s knees, * puerum genibus impositum jactare.
DANCE, saltatio ; saltatus ; saltandi ars : chorea ( χορεία, a dance in a row with singing) :orbis saltatorius (in a circle).DANCER, saltans (general term ; one who is now dancing) :saltator (one who understands the art ; if a female, saltatrix) :a good or scientific dancer, saltationis artifex :to be a good dancer [vid. ” to DANCE well”] :a rope-dancer., funambulus (Terentianus) :schœnobites ( σχοινοβάτης , Juvenalis).DANCING, saltatio ; saltatus :the art of dancing, ars saltandi :a dancing-master, * saltandi magister :a partner in dancing, * saltationis socius, or socia :a dancing-room, * locus, quo utriusque sexus juvenes saltandi causa veniunt (after Cicero, Læl.,15, 36) :a dancing-school, ludus saltatorius (Scip. Afr., 6, ap.Macrobius, Sat., 2, 10).DANDELION, a plant, * leondoton taraxacum (Linnæus).DANDIPRAT, homo pusillus : frustum hominis (a bit of a man, or an apology for a man).DANDLE, Vid. DANCE, TR.,
DANDRUFF, furfures (scurf on the head) :porrigo (diseased scurf on the head) :affected with the dandruff, porriginosus (caput porriginosum, Plinius).DANDY, homo elegans or elegantior (nice in his dress) :bellus homunculus (a spruce little fellow, Varr. Gellius) :homo pumicatus (who smooths his skin with pumice-stone, Plinius, Ep., 2, 11) :homo vulsus (who has the hairs of his face pulled out ; vid. Spald. on Quintilianus, 2, 5, 12) :juvenis barba et coma nitidus, de capsula totus (who struts along trimmed and curried just as if he came out of a band-box, Seneca, Ep., 115, 2) :homo putidus (affected in manner or speech) :trossulus (in ancient times, eques Romanus ; about the end of the republic, a nickname for a coxcomb ; vid. Ruhnken, Seneca, Ep., 76, 1.) :delicatus adolescens (Cicero, Brut., 53).DANGER, periculum (a dangerous situation) :discrimen (the critical moment of danger; hence sometimes opposed to periculum, as Phil., 7, 1, adducta est res in maximum periculum, et extremum pæne discrimen ; also Livius, 8, 24; quid in discrimine periculi cunctaretur, interrogans; still oftener, however, combined; allatum est periculum discrimenque patriæ, Cicero, Off., 1, 43, 154; discrimina periculaque) :dimicatio fortunæ (or fortunarum), vitæ or capitis (when one’s fortune, one’s life is at stake).
Dangers and toils, pericula ac labores (e. g., obire) :the toils and dangers of life, vitæ pericula laboresque (the usual order; Vid. Cicero, Arch., 12, 30; Off., 1, 10, 29).
Danger and difficulty, periculum negotiaque :to rush into certain danger under the influence of uncertain hopes, dubia spe impulsum certum in periculum se committere :don’t foolishly court danger, minime sis canterium in fossam (Prov., Livius, 23, 47; vid. Latin Dict, canterius) :to expose one’s self to danger, periculum adire, obire, subire, suscipere :to rush into danger, in periculum se offeree or inferre [Cf., not periculo se exponere] ; in discrimen se conferre, se inferre, se objicere.Anybody is in danger of not, etc., aliquis in periculum venit, ne, etc. (Cicero).To be in no danger of falling, a periculo decidendi abesse (Plinius) :to encounter danger, periculum adire, ingredi :certain danger, manifesto periculo corpus objicere, or caput offerre ; ad pestem ante oculos positam proficisci ; needlessly, periculo temere or sine causa se offerre ; for anybody, subire pro aliquo periculum ; for anybody’s safely, inferre se in periculum capitis atque vitæ discrimen pro alicujus salute (if one’s life is risked) :to bring anybody into danger, aliquem in periculum, in discrimen adducere, deducere, vocare :to lead or bring anybody into great danger, multum periculi alicui inferre ; magnum in periculum aliquem adducere :to bring into extreme danger, aliquem or aliquid in præceps dare (e. g., rempublicam) :to try to place anybody in circumstances of danger, periculum alicui intendere, moliri :to change anybody’s peaceful condition into one of extreme danger, aliquem ad scopuum e tranquillo auferre ; aliquem in scopulum (e tranquillo) inferre ( vid. Terentius, Phorm., 4, 48; Livius, 38, 10) :to be in danger, in periculo or discrimine esse, versari ; in dubio esse (of life) :in periculum or in discrimen venire, incidere ; periculum subire (of things) :to be in very great danger, in summo (ingenti) periculo esse ; in maximum periculum et extremum pæne discrimen adductum esse (of things) :in extreme danger, in præcipiti esse ; in extremo situm esse (of things) :Prov., inter sacrum et saxum stare (to be between the victim and the knife ; Plautus, Capt., 3, 4, 84) :to be in danger of losing anything, decernere, dimicare de re (vid. Commentator on Nepos, Timoth.,4, 3 : Cicero, Off., 1, 24, 83) :to be in danger of losing one’s life, de vita dimicare ; vitæ periculum aditurum esse :you are in the same danger yourself, in eadem es navi (Prov., Cicero) :anything is in danger, agitur aliquid ( = is at stake). (The words are found in this connection and order.) res agitur, in discrimenque ventum est :to be in danger on every side, undique imminent discrimina; lupum, id quod aiunt, auribus teneo :to be exposed to two dangers, periculo ancipiti premi :to be out of danger, extra periculum esse ; in tuto esse ; a periculo abesse, vacare, periculo vacuum esso; in portu esse or navigare (Prov., to be safe in port; the first, of persons and things ; the last, of things only) :to pass through a danger safely, periculo perfungi :to be threatened with a danger, periculum alicui impendet, instat :to avoid a danger, periculum declinare (Cicero), vitare (Cæsar) :to escape from a danger, periculum effugere, subterfugere :to exaggerate the danger of anything, * periculum alicujus rei verbis augere or exaggerare :to put out of danger, tutum præstare, in tuto collocare aliquid or aliquem :to avert danger, periculum depellere, propulsare ; from anybody, a aliquo :to avert a danger that threatens everybody, periculum. quod omnibus intenditur, propulsare. || Danger of one’s life, vitæ or mortis periculum (general terms) :vitæ or salutis discrimen (critical state of things, when one’s life is at stake) :capitis periculum or discrimen (danger of losing one’s head).To be or stand in danger of one’s life, in capitis or vitæ periculum vocatum esse ; ad mortis periculum adductum esse (of an accused person) ; in præcipiti esse (of a sick person).He says that anybody’s
life ( = his neck) is in no danger, a securi negat alicui periculum esse (Cicero) . [Vid. ” RISK one’s life,” under To RISK.]To bring anybody’s life into danger, aliquem in capitis periculum inferre, inducere, arcessere. || Of a sick man.To be in danger, in præcipiti esse; in periculo mortis esse (Celsus) ; aliquem vix ulla medicina periculo subtrahit, or aliquis vix sanescit (of a case that is always one of great danger) :to be out of danger (of a sick person), omni periculo vacare ; tutum esse :to be almost out of danger, in bona, spe esse ; potest alicui secunda valetudo contingere (he may recover) :to be quite out of danger, ex toto tutum esse (all, Celsus, 2, 8) ; sine ullo metu esse (ib.) :he is in some danger of his life, salus ejus infestior est (Cicero).DANGEROUS,periculosus (general term) :periculi plenus. (Cf., aleæ plenus is poetical) :anceps :dubius. (The words are found in this connection and order.) periculosus et anceps : perniciosus (leading to destruction or ruin) :capitalis (threatening a man’s life or temporal well-being with danger) :gravis (far from inconsiderable or unimportant ; e. g., a war, an opponent; then, also, dangerous to one’s health, etc.). (The words are found in this connection and order.) gravis et periculosus. A dangerous person, homo periculosus, perniciosus, capitalis :a very dangerous affair, res magni periculi :a dangerous situation, res dubiæ ; angustiæ (state of doubt and difficulty) :discrimen (the critical point in a dangerous question or affair) :In this dangerous state of affairs, hoc in tempore (vid. Commentator on Nepos, Milt., 5, 1) :to be in a dangerous situation, in discrimine (in angustiis) esse or versari :in a very dangerous situation, in maximum periculum et extremum pæne discrimen adductum esse (of a stale, etc.) :our country is in a very dangerous state, allatum est periculum discrimenque patriæ :to bring anybody into an exceedingly dangerous position (where life or property, etc. :may be lost), aliquem in summum capitis periculum arcessere ; aliquem in discrimen omnium fortunarum vocare :It will be very dangerous for you to do, etc., summo periculo facies, etc. (Cicero) :dangerous times, tempora periculosa, periculi plena ; tempora dubia :dangerous places in the sea, * loca maris periculosa, or incerta (poetically, brevia or vada brevia).
Cf., ” It is dangerous,” is often translated by adverb, periculose ; thus, it is dangerous to sail in the winter, periculose navigatur hieme.
DANGEROUSLY, periculose.To be dangerously ill, periculose ægrotare : in periculo mortis esse; in præcipiti esse.
DANGEROUSNESS, vid. DANGER.
DANGLE, || To hang loose, pendere :suspensum ex aliquo loco pendere (Cicero) :fluctuare (of anything hanging loose; vela, vestes, etc.) :” to dangle on a gibbet,” in furca suspensum esse (Ulpianus, Dig.) :to dangle by a rope, reste suspensum esse (Livius). || To dangle after (= cleave to) anybody, assectari aliquem ; asseclam or sectatorem esse alicujus ; quasi umbra aliquem sequitur aliquis ; se agglutinare (Plautus, Men., 2, 2, 63).DANGLER, assecla ; sectator or assectator ; alicui deditus :to be a dangler after anybody, studiosum esse alicujus; alicujus esse studiosissimum ; valde observare aliquem.DANK, vid. DAMP.
DAPPER, pernix ; agilis ; promptus ; versatilis ; dexter.
DAPPERLING, homunculus, or adolescentulus, pernix, agilis, etc.
DAPPLE, adjective, varius : varii coloris : coloris maculosi; maculosus; maculis sparsus :dapple-grey, scutulatus (of horses) :a dapple-grey horse, equus scutulatus (Pall. Isid.).DAPPLE, maculis spargere ; maculas facere in aliqua re.
DARE, || To possess courage to do anything, audere ; non vereri. both followed by infinitive : hoc sibi sumere, ut, etc. (to take upon one’s self) :he dared to ask him, ausus est eum rogare.I dare not take the liberty of reproving you, mihi non sumo tantum neque arrogo, ut te vituperem (Cicero) :they durst not stay, non ausi sunt manere :to dare to do anything, audere aliquid : periculum facere alicujus rei (to venture upon it) : all things, ultima or extrema audere. || To challenge ; vid.
DARING, animosus : fidens (confident) :confidens (in a bad sense) :strenuus (resolute, opposed to ignavus) :audens (with reference to a present occasion ; only in a good sense ; opposed to ignavus) :implidens (shameless) :[vid. BOLD, COURAGEOUS] : audax (in good or bad sense, and as an abiding quality).
Cf., Cordatus in this sense is not Latin
DARINGLY, animose ; fidenter; animo fidenti or præsenti ; impavide ; audacter or audacius ; impudenter (-ius, -issime).DARINGNESS, audacia (sometimes a laudable boldness, sometimes fool-hardiness) :confidentia (blind trust in one’s own strength) :temeritas (recklessness of danger); temeritas et audacia; confidentia et temeritas. Cf., Audentia is always a laudable daring or spirit of enterprise. Vid. BOLDNESS, COURAGE. DARK, || Void of light, obscurus (dark, obscure; not sufficiently illuminated ; opposed to illustris) :tenebricosus (veiled in darkness; especially of shameful things and places; libidines; popina; tempus ineuntis ætatis) :caliginosus (quite without light; tenebricosus stronger than obscurus; caliginosus than tenebricosus) :
Cf., tenebricus [very rare], and tenebrosus, are poetical words. cæcus (when it is impossible to see; e. g., night, a house) :opacus (shady; with reference to pleasant coolness; opposed to apertus, apricus, like εὔσκιος ) :umbrosus (stronger than opacus, with an approximation to darkness ; = σκιόεις ) :nubilus (cloudy; of a day, etc) :somewhat dark, subobscurus :subnubilus (from clouds) :a dark night, nox obscura (in which the sky is cloudy) :nox caliginosa (a very dark night) :nox cæca or obducta (in which one can’t see two steps before one) :it is dark, tenebræ sunt :it grows dark, tenebræ oboriuntur ; caligo offunditur ; vesperascit; advesperascit :when it was already dark, jam obscura luce ; tenebris obortis :when it was, or it being, still dark, obscuro etiam tum lumine :when it was just beginning to grow dark, primis se intendentibus tenebris ; primo vespere ; prima nocte :to make anything dark, obscurum facere, obscurare (both ; e. g., of a room, cubiculum, conclave) ; alicui rei lucem eripere (to deprive it of light) :A dark lantern, * laterna furtiva or surda :to see as it were, in the dark, quasi per caliginem cernere (obscurely ; Cicero, Fin., 5, 15, 43). || Difficult to understand, obscurus ; cæcus; involutus (obscure, dark) :non apertus ad intelligendum (not clear) :abstrusus (e. g., insidiæ, disputatio) :perplexus : impeditus :incertus, etc. Somewhat dark, subobscurus :to make anything dark, alicui rei obscuritatem et tenebras afferre ; tenebras obducere ; lucem eripere et quasi noctem quandam alicui rei offundere (Cicero, N. D., 1, 3, 6) :to make a speech dark, orationem occæcare :to be so dark as to be unintelligible, in tenebris latere : obscuritate involutum latere :to be as dark as possible, crassis occultatum et circumfusum tenebris latere ; omni intellectu carere.|| With reference to color, fuscus (dark-brown, opposed to candidus) :austerus ( = nigricans; opposed to to a gay color) :niger (opposed to albus) :pullus (of a dirty black; e. g., like the wool of a black sheep) :ravus (of a yellowish grey) :to be somewhat dark, nigricare (of a color) :colore nigricare (of a stuff, etc.) :DARK, DARKNESS, obscuritas ; obscurum : tenebræ (opposed to lux) :caligo (complete darkness). [SYN. of adjectives under DARK.]To strengthen the notion, (The words are found in this connection and order.) obscuritas et tenebræ ; tenebræ et caligo ; caligo et tenebræ :darkness of the sky, cœlum caliginosum. || Abstruseness, etc., of a subject, obscuritas. || Want of knowledge [vid. IGNORANCE].In that state of darkness and uncertainty, in ea obscuritate et dubitatione :anything about which we are in the dark, res obscura, occulta, involuta, occulta et quasi involuta.To be in the dark about anything, ignorare aliquid (once de aliquo, Cicero, ignorat etiam de filio, Att., 8, 14, 3).We are still in the dark about anything, aliqua res nondum ad liquidum perducta or explorata est :to be involved in darkness, obscuritate involutum jacere :to dispel d. from the mind as from the eyes, caliginem ab animo tanquam ab oculis dispellere. || T he prince of darkness ; vid. DEVIL DARKEN, obscurare : tenebras offundere, or obducere alicui rei, or alicui (to wrap in darkness, so that it can no longer be seen in a clear light ; properly, and figuratively) :noctem offundere alicui rei (properly) :denigrare (to make black; rare, Varr., lanam, capillum, Plinius) :colorare (to darken the complexion, etc.) [Cf., inficere, poetically; as inficere diem, Ovidius]: anybody’s eyes are darkened, oculi caligant; tenebræ oboriuntur; tenebræ mihi sunt; caligo oculis offunditur :anybody’s “joy is darkened,” oculi alicujus tristitiæ quoddam nubilum ducunt (Quintilianus 11, 3, 75) .It is natural that my walking in the sun should darken my complexion, quum in sole ambulem, natura fit, ut colorer (Cicero) :no forgetfulness shall darken the remembrance of you, tuam memoriam nulla oblivio obscurabit :to darken a subject, alicui rei obscuritatem et tenebras afferre or tenebras obducere ; lucem eripere et quasi noctem quandam alicui rei offundere (Cicero) :to darken anybody’s doors (colloquial), alicujus limen intrare or transire :not to let anybody darken one’s doors, prohibere aliquem limine tectoque.
DARKISH, subobscurus ; subnubilus :a darkish night, nox subnubila :it gets darkish, nubilare cœpit.
DARKLING, in tenebris latens.
DARKLY, obscure; perplexe :to speak darkly, obscure dicere ; abscondite disserere :to see, as through a glass, darkly, quasi per caliginem cernere.
DARKNESS,
Vid. DARK, s.
DARKSOME, || Dark; vid. || Darkish; vid.
DARLING, deliciæ ; amores :anybody is my darling, est mihi aliquis in deliciis, or in amoribus, or in amore et deliciis ; aliquem in deliciis habeo; est aliquis in sinu et complexu meo ; est mihi aliquis longe omnium amicorum (if a friend), liberorum (if a child), carissimus :my darling, anime mi ; dulcissime rerum.
DARN,Either the general terms for repairing, mending : as reconcinnare (e. g., pallam); resarcire (e. g., vestem) ; sarcire (e. g., vestimentum), or * suendo reficere, sarcire :* acu sarcire.
DARNEL, lolium.
DARNER, sarcinator :sarcinatrix (of one who patches and repairs, Lucilius, Varr., Inscriptions).A good darner, * tibialium callida sarcinatrix.
DARNING-NEEDLE, perhaps * acus grandior.
DART, telum missile; also missile (general terms) :jaculum (general term, including the hunting-dart); pilum (a short dart, used by the Roman infantry) :verutum :tragulum (military dart) = lancea (a long dart, used by the pretorian guard).
Cf., Hasta and lancea serve both for thrusting and hurling ; pilum, jaculum, more for hurling (Döderlein) :to hurl a dart, missile (jaculum, etc.) mittere. Vid. SPEAR.
DART, || To hurl, mittere; jaculari ; conjicere. [SYN., etc., in HURL, vid.] :to dart anything at anybody’s head, in caput alicujus aliquid jaculari :to dart lightning, fulmina jaculari ; fulminare. || To dart upon (=fly at; attack), se conjicere in aliquid or aliquem ; involare in aliquem or aliquid : also, ad aliquem (Bel., Alex., 52 ; to fly at) :to dart suddenly upon anybody, incurrere or irrumpere in aliquem. || To rush : to dart into a place, involare in locum : conjicere se in locum : raptim intrare locum : præcipitem ire (to dart headlong, in aliquid). || Emit (of beams, etc.), mittere (e. g., lucem mittere).The moon darts her beams to the earth, luna lucem mittit in terram :
Cf., jactare lucem (e. g., proprio de corpore, Lucretius) is poetical : jaculari lucem (Plinius). || FIG., To dart a look at anybody, oculos or os in aliquem conjicere :to dart an angry or threatening look at anybody, * infestos, truces or minaces oculos ad aliquem conjicere.
DASH, TRANS. || Strike or knock against, offendere aliquid ad aliquid (unintentionally; e. g., one’s head against the door, caput ad fores ; one’s foot against a stone, pedem ad lapidem) :aliquid illidere or impingere alicui rei (purposely ; illidere, referring to the injury received ; impingere, to the violence of the shock; one’s head against the door, caput foribus illidere ; one’s head violently against the wall, caput parieti ingenti impetu impingere) :allidere (to dash anything against anything ; rare, but classical : pars ad scopulos allisa, Cæsar) :affligere (to strike down ; properly, and figuratively ; opposed to excitare; also to dash against; e. g., affligere navem ad scopulos, Cicero) :to dash one’s self against anything, impingere se in aliquid (e. g., in columnas, Seneca,) :offendere aliquid; illidi or impingi alicui rei : incutere aliquid alicui rei (to strike it against it; e. g., pedem terras [ = to stamp on it], Quintilianus, pollicem limini cubiculi, Plinius).to dash one’s fist into anybody, impingere pugnum alicui (Plautus).to dash anybody’s brains out, caput elidere (e. g., saxo, Livius, 21, 45) ; alicujus cerebrum or caput comminuere (prce-classical); excutere cerebrum alicui (Plautus).cerebrum effringere (Vergilius).[Cf., OBS. Livius, 8, 6; lapsus per gradus, capite graviter offenso, ita impact us est saxo, ut sopiretur, shows that impingere, may be used in the passive without implying intention]. To dash the ships one against another, inter se navigia collidere (Curtius) :to dash a cup from anybody’s hands, excutere poculum e manibus (Persius).To dash to pieces, confringere : effringere (break to pieces) :discutere (by a violent blow, separating the parts of a structure ; e. g., columnam; lateritium; aliquantum muri) :contundere (to pound to pieces, contusi ac debilitati inter saxa rupesque, Livius, 21, 40).To be dashed to pieces (of ships), elidi et naufragio interire (Cæsar, B, C,. 3, 27, very rare).|| To sprinkle with anything ; e. g., water, aspergere conspergere :respergere. || To mingle anything with anything, miscere aliquid cum aliqua re, aliquid aliqua re, or aliquid alicui rei; admiscere alicui rei; or, in the passive, admisceri aliqua re. || To dash, or put out of countenance, pudorem alicui injicere, incutere :ruborem alicui afferre (to put to the blush, Tacitus, Ann.,13, 15, 2).To be dashed, pudor suffunditur mini ; pudore arncior aliqua re ; dashed, pudore suffusus. || To frustrate (vid.) ad vanum, or ad irritum, or ad vanum et irritum redigere ; ad nihil redigere ; disturbare (e. g., nuptias ; legem) :to dash all anybody’s projects, conturbare alicui omnes rationes ; alicujus consilia discutere (Justinus, 2, extr.) :death dashes all one’s hopes and projects, omnem spem atque omnia vitæ consilia mors pervertit. || Dash out; [vid. ERASE]. || To beat down; to dash anybody’s pride, alicujus spiritus reprimere :to dash anybody’s hopes or confidence, alicujus spem infringere, debilitare; spem alicui præcidere. || Sketch hastily (Pope), primis velut lineis aliquid designare.
DASH, INTR., impingi, illidi, allidi alicui rei (e. g., saxo) :offendere alicui rei and in aliquo (e. g., offendere solido, Horatius ; puppis offendit in scopulo, Ovidius) :affligi (e. g., naves saxo). || Rush : vid. to RUSH ; to dash (= rush) into [vid. “to DART into”]. The waves d dash violently against the shore, fluctus se illidunt maximo cum sonitu in litus.The waves dash over the ships, naves fluctibus complentur (Cæsar, B. G., 4, 28).DASH, s. || Collision, collisus (post-Augustan) :concursio. illisus (only in ablative; illisu aquarum, Silius) :ictus levis (a light stroke). || Violent and sudden onset, incursio :incursus : impetus.To make a dash against the enemy, equum or se immittere in hostes ; incurrere, invehi in hostem. || A sprinkling, respersio. || A small portion, or admixture of anything, paullulum : exiguum (Livius, and post-classical ; e. g., aquæ, mellis) :nescio quid : aliquid. A dash of literature, literularum nescio quid (Cicero, Att., 7, 2, 7).A man with a dash of impudence, paullum impudens.It may often be translated by non sine (with or without quidam) :not without a dash of envy, non sine invidia :to have a dash of (any color ; e. g.,) violet, in violam vergere ; violam sentire ; in violam desinere. || A mark in writing, * signum orationis præcisæ (unknown to the ancients) :By a single dash of his pen, una literarum significatione (of an order given by a single letter).DASHING, Vid. DASH, s.
DASTARD, Vid. COWARD.
DATA, concessæ res (Cicero) :concessa (points, etc., that are granted). (The words are found in this connection and order.) certa atque concessa. Sometimes indicia, argumenta may serve, or initia (necessary first principles ; e. g., in geometry, Cicero).DATE, dies.Without data, sine die et consule (after Roman custom) ; * sine die. His third letter bears data the 12th of November, tertia est epistola prid. Id. Novemb. data (Cicero).Your letters were of an earlier data than Cæsar’s, antiquior dies in tuis ascripta literis, quam in Cæsaris. || End; vid. || Duration; vid. || To grow out of date, obsolescere :out of data, obsoletus ; desuetus. || The fruit of the palm-tree, palmula; palmæ pomum. || The tree itself, palma (* phœnix dactylifera, Linnæus) :A data grove, palmetum.
Data wine, vinum palmeum :”Date,” as adjective palmeus.
DATE, v. To date a letter, diem in epistola ascribere :to neglect to date it, diem in epistola non ascribere :the third letter is dated November 12, tertia est epistola prid. Id. Novemb. data (Cicero, Att., 3, 23, 1, 5) :not dated, sine die et consule (since the ancients reckoned by consuls; Ulpianus, Dig., 2, 13, 1, § 1).OBS. In a wider sense, “to date” may be translated by dare, scribere.His letter was dated the first of January, epistola Calendis Januariis data or scripta est (after Cicero). || To refer the beginning or origin of anything to anything or anybody, repetere initia alicujus rei ex aliqua, re (Cicero, Fam., 6, 16).To date anything too far back, aliquid longius repetere :further back than is necessary, aliquid longius repetere, quam res postulat.
DATE, INTR., initium capere :incipere :cœpisse :anything will date from to-day, hodiernus dies initium alicujus rei erit (Tacitus, Agric.,30) :anything dates from such a time or event, duco initia alicujus rei ex aliqua re :fables do not date from Æsop, fabulas originem non ab Æsopo accipiunt (Quintilianus).DATIVE, casus dativus, or dativus only (Quintilianus) ; dandi casus (Varr.).DAUB, linere; oblinere (aliquid aliqua re) :illinere (aliquid aliqua re) :perlinere (Columella) :ungere ; perungere (with anything greasy) :* male pingere (of a painter). || Defile, inquinare aliquid aliqua re :one’s self, se inquinare aliqua, re (e. g., cœno, or sordibus).|| To coat over, inducere aliquid alicui rei or super aliquid ; inducere aliquid aliqua re (e. g., to daubthe walls with wax, inducere ceram parieti, or parietem cera) :circumlinere aliquid aliqua re (if coated all round). || To cover with something specious, honesta, præscriptione aliquid tegere :rei deformi dare colorem. || To flatter grossly ; vid. FLATTER.
DAUB, s. * tabula male picta (after Cicero, tabulæ bene pictae).
DAUBER, opus negligenter faciens (generally) :* male pingens (of a painter). || FIG., Flatterer ; vid. adulator : assentator : homo blandus.
DAUGHTER, filia (opposed to filius) :puella ; virgo (opposed to puer, juvenis) :the daughter of anybody, ex aliquo nata (Cf., but not mea, tua nata) :the
master’s daughter, filia herilis (with reference to the servants) ; filia familias (with reference to her being still under age, and, therefore, under her father’s power): little daughter, filiola or (if very little) filiola admodum parva :daughter’s son, ex filia nepos :daughters daughter, ex filia neptis :my, thy, his, ex filia mea, tua, sua nepos or neptis :daughter’s children, ex filia nepotes :daughter’s husband, gener. daughter-in-law, nurus. || FIG., quasi alumna quædam :the Latin language is the daughter of the Greek, * lingua Latina e Græca nata est.
DAUNT, Vid. To FRIGHTEN.
DAUNTLESS, Vid. FEARLESS.
DAUNTLESSNESS, Vid. FEARLESSNESS.
DAUPHIN, * Delphinus :* filius regis Francogalliæ in spem regni genitus : * regni Francogallici heres. Vid. CROWN-PRINCE.DAW, monedula (* corvus monedula, Linnæus) .DAWDLE, cessare :tempus perdere :tempore abuti.
DAWDLER, cessator : homo ignavus et cessator.
DAWN, v. The day or morning dawns, lucescit ; illucescit; dilucescit (Cf., but not elucescit); lux oritur :the day has dawned, lucet :before the day dawns, antequam lucet :as soon as ever the morning dawns, ubi primum illucescit :as soon as it has dawned, simulatque lucet (or luceat) ; the morning had not yet dawned, when, etc., nondum lucebat, quum, etc.|| FIG., To unfold itself, adolescere (advance towards maturity, e. g., ratio, ingenium) :ostendere se (show itself) :elucere (shine forth) :His genius is beginning to dawn, scintilla ingenii jam elucet in puero (after Cicero, Rep., 2, 21) :* ingenium ejus sese ostendit or clarius conspicitur.
DAWN, s., prima lux; diluculum :at dawn, diluculo ; prima luce :ubi primum illuxit :ad lucem ; luce oriente :called up at the first streak of the dawn, ad primam Auroram excitus.
DAY, dies (opposed to nox) :lux (opposed to tenebræ or nox) :the longest day, dies solstitialis ; solstitium (the whole time when the days are longest) :the shortest day, dies brumalis ; bruma (the whole time when the days are shortest) :the days are longer than with us, dierum spatia ultra nostri orbis mensuram (Tacitus, Agr., 12, 3) :before day, ante lucem :at break of day, (cum) prima luce ; luce oriente :by day, die :interdiu :by daylight, luce :night and day, diem noctemque ; dies noctesque ; noctes diesque ; noctes et dies ; noctes atque dies (all equally common; but noctes precedes, when the notion of “night’ is to be made prominent.Noctesque et dies is poetical) :die ac nocte ; nocte ac die ; die noctuque ; nocte et interdiu (= by night and by day) :they worked at it night and day, noctumus diurno continuatus labor est :the day breaks, lucescit ; illucescit ; dilucescit ; lux oritur :for many months there is no day, multis mensibus dies non cernitur :it is broad day, clara dies est :the day is far advanced, multus dies est :when it was already broad day, or when the day was already far advanced, multo die :it is eight days to-day, hic est octavus dies :to the day ( = at or by any appointed day). in or ad diem ; ad diem dictum, statutum or constitutum ; in diem certum :to sleep till it is broad day, ad lucem dormitare ; in medios dies dormire :to wish anybody good day, aliquem salvum esse jubere ; aliquem salutare : good-day, salve or (if several are addressed) salvete :to make a day ( = a merry day) of it, diem festum agere :a good day (in a fever), dies intermissionis :a bad day (in a fever), dies accessionis febris :a lucky day, dies albus or candidus :an unlucky day, dies ater or ominosus :a space of two, three, four days, biduum; triduum; quatriduum :three whole days, totum or universum triduum :every other day, alternis diebus :from day to day, in dies :day after day, diem ex die; diem de die (Cf., not de die in diem) :every day quotidie (occurring every day) :in dies singulos or in dies (when there is daily increase or decrease).To be waiting or expecting day after day, diem ex die exspectare :to put off day after day, diem de die differre ; aliquid in diem ex die ditferre :the evil is gone by for to-day, or deferred to another day, malum abiit in diem :to ask for anything for a day, aliquid rogare in diem :promised by such a day, in diem promissus (e. g., pecunia) :to make but one meal a day, in dies singulas escas edere (Plautus ) :but for a day ( = for a very short time), in diem (e. g., natura flores in diem gignit, Cicero) :five times a day, quinquies in die (Plinius) :several times a day, sæpius in die (Plinius) :to make very few verses a day, paucissimos die versus facere (Quintilianus).
Cf., Dies is also used for ” the events, etc., of a day ;” e. g., pœnas ejus diei dare (Cicero) ; totum diem mecum scrutari (Seneca,) :Within a few days, paucis diebus :within the last few days, his diebus; per hos dies (Cicero) :after a few days, a few days afterward, post paucis diebus (Livius) ; paucis post diebus (Sulp. ap.
Cicero); paucis diebus interjectis (Livius). after nearly 40 days, prope XL diebus interpositis :to pay on the day, in diem solvere :a bill payable at twenty-one days [vid. BILL] :every day ( = upon every day), in omnes dies :the day before, pridie :the day after, postridie; postridie ejus diei :the day before his arrival, pridie adventum. || Space of time in which persons are living :Up to our own days, usque ad hoc tempus ; adhuc ; usque adhuc ; hodie (e. g., we have retained it up to our own days, retinemus id hodie (Cicero) :nowadays, hodie ; hoc tempore ; his temporibus ; nunc :even at the present day, hodie (which then generally stands first in its clause, unless an emphatic verb precedes, as in id quod retinemus hodie, Cicero, Rep., 2, 9, 15) ; hodie quoque ; hodie etiam (Cf., hodieque does not occur, in this sense, in Cicero, or even in Livy, ; but it occurs in Cicero at the beginning of a clause where que = ” and.” In Velleius and later writers, it is found = hodie quoque : hodienum and hodiedum are barbarous, Hand, Turs.,3, 100, etc.) :this very day (= immediately), hodie (Cicero, Fragm., Or. pro Tullius, 53, p.66, Beier.) :and this very day, hodieque (Hirtius, B, Afr., 54).Our own days, nostra ætas :the men of our own days, homines nostræ ætatis; homines, qui nunc vivunt :in our (own) days, nostra ætate ; nostro tempore ; nostris temporibus :in anybody’s latter days, in senectute :to spend one’s days in ease, in want, vitam degere in otio, in egestate :to end one’s days, diem supremum obire. || Order of the day, perhaps edictum :to publish an order of the day, edictum proponere :that, etc., edicere, ut or ne. || FIG., To be the order of the day, vigere (e. g., pro pudore, pro virtute audacia, avaritia vigebant).DAY-BED, lecticula lucubratoria (a couch, on which the ancients lay in the day-time, to meditate and study).DAY-BOOK, ephemeris, idis, f. ( ἐφημερίς ) or pure Latin, commentarii diurni :adversaria, plural :to enter anything into a day-book, aliquid in commentarios diurnos referre ; aliquid in libellum memoriæ causa referre :to keep a day-book (= journal), facta dictaque describere per dies.
DAY-BREAK, lucis ortus ; prima lux ; diluculum :before daybreak, ante lucem; antequam luceat (luceret) :about or toward daybreak, sub ortum lucis; ad lucem : luce appetente :at daybreak, prima luce ; simulatque luceat (luceret) ; ubi primum illucescit (illuxit).DAY-LABORER, in diem se locans : mercenarius : operarius :in plural, operæ mercenariæ ; or merely operæ :to hire day-laborers, operas (mercenarias) conducere :to be a day-laborer, operas præbere :he was a day-laborer, ei opera vita erat (Terentius, Phorm., 2, 3, 16).DAY-LIGHT, lux :
Cf., lux diurna only Lucretius, 6, 848, and lumen diurnum (the sun, or morning star) only, Ovidius,Fast., 4, 450; Lucretius, 4, 459 :to see daylight, in lucem edi ; suscipi ; nasci :to shun daylight, lucem fugere.κυρικιμασαηικο
DAY-STAR, stella diurna (Plautus, Men., 1, 2, 26) :Lucifer.
DAZZLE, oculos, or oculorum aciem præstringere (Cf., not perstringere).The sun’s rays dazzle the eyes, solis radii visus præstringunt nostros. || Improperly, To blind the eyes of the mind, etc., cæcare, excæcare, occæcare aliquem or alicujus mentem ; animi or mentis aciem, oculos alicujus præstringere :by beauty, etc., capere, irretire, in amorem pellicere :the dignity and splendour of Domitius dazzled the eyes of Vatinius, Domitii dignitas et splendor præstringebat oculos Vatinii. He is dazzled by the splendor of his own name, illius animi aciem præstringit (not perstringit) splendor sui nominis (Cicero) :my eyes are dazzled, oculi fulgore stupent.
DEACON, diaconus (Eccl.).DEACONESS, diaconissa (Eccl.).DEACONRY, diaconatus (as an office, Eccl.) :* munus diaconi.
DEAD, mortuus ( Cf., in classical prose never defunctus) :exanimis ; exanimus (when life is gone) :inanimus, inanimis (without life ; inanimate, opposed to animate; animal) :vita et sensu carens (naturally without life and feeling) :exsanguis (without blood ; the blood having ceased to circulate ; also figuratively ; e. g., genus orationis):A dead body, mortuus, funus (a corpse).Almost dead, prope exsanguis ; intermortuus :the kingdom of the dead, inferi :to rise from the dead, ab inferis exsistere :to raise from the dead, ab inferis excitare, or revocare ; a morte ad vitam revocare :to strike dead, plagam mortiferam infligere alicui (Cicero, in Vat. 8, 20. where it is figuratively,) :to be struck dead by lightning, ictu fulminis deflagrare (Cicero).It is said that such a person is dead, mortuus esse aliquis dicitur or nunciatur. He is a dead man, actum est de aliquo : I am a dead man, perii, occidi, nullus sum :to be half dead with laughing, risu pæne emori :the city is like a city of the dead, * ingens solitudo est in urbe; * vastum in tota urbe silentium est (a dead silence). || Improperly, mortuus (that has
died away; e. g., carbones ; natura; also mare ; and = no longer in use ; e. g., leges, lingua, Cicero) :languidus (feeble; unimpressive ; e. g., imago, colores) :emortuus (quite dead ; e. g., membrum, carbo) :præmortuus (before its time ; e. g., limbs : also figuratively vires) :intermortuus (of what has lost its brilliancy; opposed to exardescere :also of what has wholly disappeared, Catilinæ reliquiæ ; memoria generis) :dead capital, pecuniæ otiosæ, vacuæ, or steriles :his capital lies dead, pecuniæ otiosæ jacent :vapidus ; saporis expers ; infirmi saporis (of liquors) :dead sleep, * somnus morti similis ; * sopor morti simillimus. I lay in a dead sleep, somnus artissimus me complexus est (Cicero, Somn. Scip., 1) :tam gravi somno premor. ut nullo modo excitari queam (Plinius, 8, 36, 54, § 127) :dead water, aqua stagnans ; aqua pigra; stagnum :dead flesh, caro hebes.
Dead colors, colores languidi, fusci, non læti :a dead silence, altum silentium.The ears are dead, frigidæ languidæque aures (Celsus).A dead language, lingua mortua (after leges mortuæ, Cicero) or * lingua, quæ ex vita et consuetudine communi abiit ; * lingua ex usu communi remota; * lingua solis literarum monumentis servata (Wyttenback).A dead calm, tanta malacia ac tranquillitas, ut se ex loco movere non possint (sc. naves, Cæsar) :dead drunk, vino sepultus :a dead lift, res desperatæ, or perditæ, or perditæ et desperatæ, desperatio rerum :to help a man at a dead lift, (hærentem) aliquem expedire. || In the dead of the night, nocte intempesta.
DEAD-NETTLE, galeopsis ( γαλίοψις , Plinius; also Linnæus); pure Latin lamium.
DEADEN, || To weaken, imbecillum or infirmum reddere (e. g., stomachum) :debilitare; delumbare (e. g., sententias) : enervare (e. g., rationem; corpus orationis, Petronius) :infirmare (to take away its strength, force, validity ; e. g., fidem testis) :attenuare ; extenuare (properly, to make thin; attenuare vires, curas ; extenuare spem, curas, molestias, mala, vires) :minuere ; imminuere ; comminuere (to abate) :frangere; infringere; refringere (to break the force of anything) :hebetare; obtundere (to make dull : especially the senses) :the sight, hebetare aciem oculorum, or oculos : the sense of hearing, hebetare aures ; obtundere auditum : the mind, animum, or ingenium, or ingenii vires comminuere : the mind and body, nervos mentis ac corporis frangere : hope, spem debilitare or extenuare : courage, animum frangere or infringere : their violence, impetum comprimere, or sedare.
DEADLY, adjective, mortifer (death-bringing ; e. g., a cut, thrust, wound, sickness : Cf., not to be used figuratively, poetical letalis or letifer) :exitialis (bringing ruin and destruction) :capitalis (even to death) :a deadly enemy, inimicus (hostis, adversarius) capitalis :to show one’s self anybody’s deadly enemy, se alicui implacabilem inexpiabilemque præbere.A deadly hatred, odium capitale, or implacabile, or inexpiabile (Cf., not odium mortiferum) :a deadly feud, inimicitiæ gravissimæ :to harbour a deadly hatred against anybody, capitali odio a aliquo dissidere ; implacabile odium in aliquem suscepisse :A deadly poison, venenum dirum, malum or exitiale (after Plinius, ; animalia venenata magis exitialia, si, etc.) : (a cup of) deadly poison, poculum mortis :deadly sin, (grande) nefas :to think it a deadly sin to, etc., nefas habere or credere (with infinitive).DEADLY, adverb, mortifere :to fall deadly wounded, mortifero vulnere ictum cadere.
Deadly pale, cadaverosus : laridus (in a bad sense) :perpallidus : exsanguis.
DEADLY NIGHTSHADE, * Atropa belladonna (Linnæus).DEADNESS, rigor (numbness, rigidity from cold) :torpor (insensibility, as a state) :torpedo (numbness, as an accident only :figuratively, for sloth) :stupor (figuratively, the stunning caused by fright) :languor (sometimes applied to color) :lassitudo (caused by fatigue) :hebetatio (Plinius ; the blunting or bluntness, hebetudo, very late; sensuum, Macrobius) :imbecillitas :infirmitas :debilitas, (weakness; all three, also, figuratively of the mind) :virium defectio (the loss or failing of strength) :resolutio (relaxed state ; e. g., nervorum, Celsus) :inertia (want of activity) :frigus (coldness, inactivity, Cicero) :* sapor alicujus rei nullus; insulsitas (deadness with reference to liveliness and beauty ; e. g., villæ) :deadness (of the flesh), caro hebes :deadness to the world, animus ab omni rerum humanarum cura alienus :deadness of the eye, hebetatio oculorum :resolutio oculorurn (Celsus) :deadness of the stomach, imbecillitas or infirmitas stomachi ; resolutio stomachi :deadness of the pulse, venarum exigui imbecillique pulsus :deadness of the mental faculties, anirui imbecillitas ; animi debilitas ; animi vigor obtusus : animi acies or vis obtusa :deadness of the limbs, vires corporis affectæ.
DEAF, surdus (both of one who can not, and of one who will not hear) :auribus captus (whether naturally deaf, or through illness) :somewhat deaf, surdaster (Cicero, Tusc., 5, 40, 116) :naturally deaf, alicui auditus negatus est :to grow deaf, obsurdescere :to make anybody almost deaf with anything, aliquem or alicujus aures obtundere aliqua re :the ears of anybody are deaf to anything, aures alicujus ad aliquid surdæ, or ad aliquid clausæ sunt ; surdus est aliquis in aliqua re ; aliquid in aures non recipit or accipit :to be deaf to advice, aliquem (monentem) non audire :to preach to deaf ears, surdo or surdis auribus canere (V. L., 40, 4); frustra surdas aures fatigare (Curtius) : surdo narrare fabulam (Terentianus) ; verba fiunt mortuo (Terentianus) :deaf and dumb, naturaliter surdus idemque mutus :cui et auditus negatus est, et sermonis usus ablatus (both after Plinius, 10, 69, 88).To turn a deaf ear to anybody, respuere aliquem auribus, or aures aliquem respuunt (to refuse to listen to a person one dislikes).DEAFEN, exsurdare ( vid. the proper word ; e. g., aures) :obtundere (to stun with clamor, aures ; or anybody with entreaties, aliquem rogitando).DEAFISH, surdaster (Cicero, Tusc., 5, 40, 116) :to be deafish, graviter audire (Cf., not male audire, which means to have a bad character) : gravitate auditus laborare : aures hebetiores habere.
DEAFNESS, surditas.
DEAL, || A considerable quantity ; sometimes by copia, vis, multitudo (e. g., copia argenti; infinita vis marmoris; copia rugum) : but mostly by the neuter adjectives of quantity :a great deal of anything, multum ; plurimum and (less strong) aliquantum ( = a considerable deal ; e. g., argenti) :a deal of trouble, plurimum laboris et operæ :A great deal ( = by a great deal), multo, longe ; sometimes multis partibus.|| Deal at cards, * paginarum partitio or distributio :It is your deal, * tuum est paginas dispertire. || Fir wood, lignum abiegnum :abies.
DEAL, TR., dividere; dispenire; distribuere; dispensare (to deal out in shares) :largiri : dilargiri ; elargiri (to deal out or spend with liberality : elargiri, Persius, 3, 70) :to deal out corn, frumentum metiri ; meat, viscerationem dare ; among the soldiers, militibus : the tablets used in voting, tabellas diribere :to deal anybody hard words, verbis castigare aliquem ; blows, pugnos obserere alicui (comical) :to deal cards, * paginas dispertire, * chartas or scidas distribuere.
DEAL, INTR., || Behave (absolutely or towards a person; followed by “with” or “by’) :tractare aliquem (to treat him; e. g., liberaliter, injuriosius, honorificentius, benignius) :habere aliquem (e. g., bene, male, liberaliter) :agere : aliquem esse in aliquem (e. g., who did not deal with you quite fairly, qui in te injustior fuit); se præbere erga or in aliquem :to deal honorably in anything, in aliqua re bene, or optima fide versari, or probe agere : to deal liberally with anybody, liberaliter aliquem habere : to deal harshly with anybody, aspere or male aliquem tractare ; aliquo deuti (Nepos, Eum., 11, 3) :to deal indulgently with anybody, indulgentia or indulgenter tractare aliquem :indulgere alicui (vid. Herz., Cæsar, B. G., 1, 40) :to deal with anybody exactly as with everybody else, aliquem eodem loco habere, quo alium :to deal with anybody as with an enemy, (in) hostium numero habere ; pro hoste habere or ducere :he dealt kindly with me, benigne se mini præbuit; benignum eum expertus sum; benigne me excepit, or mecum egit.Sometimes ” to deal with” = ” to do with, ” facere alicui, aliquo, or (seldom) de aliquo.How would you deal with this fellow? quid huic homini facias? || Manage a person, tractare aliquem :alicujus animum flectere : ex voluntate uti aliquo (to do what one pleases with him) :one who knows how to deal with anybody, artifex alicujus or alicujus animum tractandi :easy to deal with, tractabilis (e. g., homo; ingenium) :a temper that is easy to deal with, mite ac tractabile ingenium. || Manage or handle (subjects, affairs, etc.), tractare (to handle ; e. g., quæstionem, res turbidas) :to deal with a subject, tractare rem (general term) :dicere de aliqua re (by word of mouth) :scribere de aliqua re; scriptura persequi aliquid; disserere, disputare de aliqua re :to deal briefly with anything, paucis absolvere aliquid :to deal awkwardly with anything, rem perperam incipere or aggredi :how would he deal with this conclusion ? quid faceret huic conclusioni ? (Cicero) || To deal in, or drive a trade in, anything, rem gerere ; rem gerere et lucrum facere (if profitably) ; mercaturam (mercaturas, if in several things) facere (as a merchant, especially a wholesale dealer) :negotiari ; vendere, or venditare ; commercium alicujus rei facere (e. g., thuris, Plinius) :the Roman merchants deal with the Gauls, mercatores Romani ad Gallos commeant (that is, go with their merchandise backwards and forwards, Cæsar, B. G., i.,1).
DEALER :A dealer in anything,
mercator alicujus rei (e. g., thuris Arabicorumque odorum, Plinius, 6, 24, 26) :qui commercium exercet alicujus rei (of articles of commerce ; e. g., Hi primi commercium thuris fecere maximeque exercent, Plinius, 12, 14, 30) :qui venditat, etc., aliquid. A dealer in leather, * qui coria vendit or venditat ; in dry goods, * qui merces ad ulnam vendit :A retail dealer; wholesale dealer [vid. RETAIL, WHOLESALE]. || Absolutely ; institor (a retailer, or dealer in trifles going from house to house) :mercator ; negotiator (a merchant) :tabernarius (if he keeps a shop) :propola; caupo (both mere venders of different articles) :nundinator (one who frequents the weekly markets). || A dealer at cards, * qui paginas dispertit :a careful dealer at cards,* aliquai paginas studiose dispertit. || To be a plain dealer with anybody, * sine fraude agere cum aliquo :a plain dealer, homo sine fuco et fallaciis ; a double-dealer, fraudator : homo ad fallendum paratus or instructus ; quadruplator : bilinguis (double-tongued) :homo ad fraudem acutus; veterator; homo totus ex fraude factus (opposed to homo sine fuco et fallaciis) :to be a double-dealer, totum ex fraude et fallacius constare, or (with reference to anybody), alicui fucum facere; aliquem fraude or dolo capere. || FIG., A dealer in anything (e. g., “these small dealers in wit and learning,” Swift), velut institor quidam alicujus rei (e. g., eloquentiæ, Quintilianus, 8, 3, 12) ; or institor alicujus rei only (e. g., ambitiosus institor eloquentiæ, Quintilianus = ostentator, jactator).DEALING, || Intercourse, commercium (properly for trade, then also of connection generally) :negotia, plural (business) :conversatio (familiar intercourse in daily life) :usus (intercourse with a person from which one derives benefit) :consuetudo (habits of intercourse or intimacy) :convictus (as far as one, more or less, lives with another).To have dealings with anybody, commercium habere cum aliquo ; commercio alicujus frui ; est mihi commercium or consuetudo cum aliquo :to break off all dealings with anybody, consuetudinem intermittere :to order one’s slaves to have no dealings with strangers, servis vetare quidquam rei cum alienis hominibus esse :to have no dealings with, commercium cum aliquo non est ; in anything, alicujus rei ; cum aliquo or aliqua re commerci nihil est (Plautus ). || Treatment, tractatio (e. g., of questions, affairs, etc., rerum, quæstionum) :* rei tractandæ modus :(agendi) ratio : agendi modus. Harsh dealing, severitas (opposed to indulgentia).Gentle dealing, lenitas.To be harsh in one’s dealings with anybody, severitatem adhibere alicui, or in aliquem :to be too indulgent in one’s dealings with anybody, aliquem nimia indulgentia tractare. || Behavior ; plain or upright dealing, fides : integritas et fides : probitas :
Double-dealing, faliacia : doli atque lallaciæ :To be guilty of double-dealing in anything, fallaciam in re facere; toward anybody, fraudem alicui facere : dolum alicui struere, nectere, confingere :there is some double-dealing, aliquid doli subest :there is no double-dealing, nihil doli subest. || At cards, * paginarum dispertitio :careful dealing, * paginarum studiosa dispertitio (so as to avoid a misdeal).DEAN, * decanus.
DEANERY, || Dean’s house, * Decani domicilium : domus, quæ ad habitandum semper datur ei, qui Decani munus obtinet (after Vitruvius 2, 8, 9) :|| Dean’s office ; vid. next word.
DEANSHIP, decani munus ; decanatus, us, m.
DEAR, || Beloved, carus ; gratus ; jucundus :a dear boy or girl, puer, puella suavis, dulcis :a dear man (ironically), suavis homo (Tacitus, Phorm., 2, 3, 64) :my dear fellow (in accosting)! O bone! vir bone! also (in a parenthesis) amabo, or sodes :by whatever is most dear to you, have compassion upon us, per ea, quæ tibi dulcissima sunt in vita, miserere nostri : I hold anybody dear, or anybody is dear to me, aliquis mihi carus, gratus, gratus acceptusque est ; aliquem carum habeo ; aliquem diligo, amo :very dear, aliquem unice diligo :to be dear to anybody, alicui cordi esse ; ab aliquo amari, diligi :to hold anybody as dear as a son, aliquem haud secus diligere ac filium :he is as dear to me as my own brother, ne frater quidem mihi carior est :his life is dearer to him than his fame, illi major vitæ quam gloriæ cupido. || Costly, carus (opposed to vilis) :magni pretii ; pretiosus (opposed to parvi pretii).
Corn is dear, annona cara est; in much dearer times, rebus carioribus multo (Terentius, Phorm., 5, 3, 8) : what you do not want is dear at any price, quod non opus est, asse carum est :to buy anything dear, aliquid emere care, or magno, or male ; comparare aliquid magno pretio :very dear (used adverbially), carissime ; impenso pretio, or impenso only :however dear it may be, quanti quanti :how dear, quanti :to make things dear, annonam incendere, or flagellare, or excandefacere (of persons ; e. g., by buying up corn) ; caritatem annonæ inferre [of things ; e. g., of hail storms) :everything was remarkably dear that year, annus in summa, caritate fuit :to sell dear, vendere care, or magno, or bene :to sell dearer, pluris vendere :to be sold exceedingly dear, impenso pretio venire :as dear as possible, quam plurimo venire :to pay very dear for anything, aliquid carissime emere (properly) :maximas alicujus rei pœnas dare (to smart for it) :to be dear, care constare; pluris stare ; non sine magna, mercede contingere (not to be had for a small sum) :to be much dearer than, etc., multo pluris esse, quam, etc. || Dear (expressing astonishment) ! proh Jupiter ; proh deum atque hominum fidem.
DEARLING, Vid. DARLING.
DEARLY, adverb, blande ; amanter ; pie :to love anybody dearly, intimo amore prosequi aliquem ; pie colere aliquem.|| At a high price; vid. DEAR.
DEARNESS, || High price, or value, caritas (opposed to vilitas) :magnum pretium (opposed to parvum pretium) :dearness of corn, caritas annonæ, or rei frumentariæ :excessive dearness, or dearth, inopia rei frumentariæ ; inopia frumentaria ; inopia et caritas rei frumentariæ. || Quality of being dear, caritas.
DEARTH, inopia et fames ; of corn, inopia et caritas rei frumentariæ :to suffer from dearth, fame or inopia et fame premi. || Improperly, Want; deficiency, penuria : inopia. A dearth of friends, penuria amicorum ; of arguments, inopia argumentorum :to be suffering from a dearth of anything, alicujus rei inopia laborare or premi ; ab aliqua re laborare.
DEARTICULATE, Vid. DISLOCATE.
DEATH, mors (extinction of life, or the separation of the soul from the body) :letum (as the lot of man, poetical) :nex (violent death, and confined to this sense in classical prose) .There are, also, many euphemistic expressions for death, such as obitus ; excessus vitæ or e vita; discessus a vita : finis or exitus vitæ : dissolutio naturæ, etc. :interitus ; exitium (violent death, the former usually, the latter always) :after death, post-mortem :after the death of anybody, post mortem alicujus ; aliquo mortuo :near his death, moriens or moribundus :
Cf., The forms in bundus strengthen the notion of the present participle ; moribundus = when the hand of death was laid violently upon him : death for one’s country, mors pro patria, oppetita :to die a violent death, violenta morte perire :to die a natural death, naturæ concedere or satisfacere ; vitam naturæ reddere; morbo naturæ debitum reddere; sua morte defungi ; fato obire mortem ; fataliter mori :a sudden death, mors subita :to be cut off by a sudden death, repentino mori; subita morte exstingui or corripi :a voluntary, a premature death, mors voluntaria or oppetita ; mors immatura :to condemn to death and execute, aliquem capitis damnatum morte multare :to have an easy death, facilem exitum habere :to put anybody to death, mortem alicui afferre ; morte aliquem afficere ; morte multare (especially of a judge, sovereign, etc.; but also of a person himself, of nature, etc.) :to suffer death, mortem subire or oppetere (opposed to implying, if not actually courting it, yet bravely encountering it) ; for anybody, emori, or mortem (seldom morte, Livius) occumbere pro aliquo :to meet death bravely, æquo animo mortem oppetere ; fidenti animo ad mortem gradi :to shun death, mortem fugere :to seek death, mortem expetere :to find an honorable death, honeste occumbere :to punish with death, morte multare ; supplicio afficere (persons only) :supplicio vindicare aliquid (a crime) :the punishment of anything is death, alicui rei supplicium constitutum est :anybody’s sorrow will be the death of him, aliquis mœrore consumitur :to dread anything as much as death itself, aliquid mortis instar putare :to meet one’s death on the field of battle, (in) prœlio or acie cadere :to pass sentence of death, to condemn to death, capitis or capite damnare or condemnare :to beat anybody to death, aliquem ad mortem mulcare :to starve one’s self to death, per inediam a vita discedere :I was tormented with the fear of death, metu mortis cruciabar :to let anybody choose his own death, alicui liberum mortis arbitrium indulgere :to drink off the cup of death, poculum mortis exhaurire :the hour of death, hora suprema; tempus mortis or moriendi :when the hour of death was nigh, quum jam moriendi tempus urgeret :sentence of death, * sententia, qua aliquis capitis condemnatur.The punishment of death, pœna vitæ, capitis, or mortis ; ultima pœna; supplicium ultimum, extremum, or summum ; from context, also, supplicium only; a crime of which the punishment is death [vid. CAPITAL, adjective] :to pronounce sentence of death, constituere in aliquem supplicium ; decernere alicui supplicium :to make it death to do so and so, capite sancire, si quis, etc. ; sacrare caput ejus, qui, etc. (Livius 2, 8) :it was death to, etc., or, if any one did
so and so, the punishment was death, capitale fuit or capital fuit, etc. :sick unto death, morbo gravi et mortifero affectus :to be sick unto death, mortifere ægrotare (Plinius, Ep., 3, 16, 3) ; morbo mortifero correptum esse ; morbo gravi et mortifero affectum esse :the sleep of death, sopor æternus (Lucretius, 3, 467) :a death-blow, plaga extrema (vid. Cicero, Sext., 37, 80) :to give anybody his death-blow, plagam extremam infligere :the news of anybody’s death, nuntius mortis :to receive a false report of anybody’s death, de morte alicujus falsus nuntius venit :the pains of death, * mortis cruciatus :* discrimen mortis :a death-sweat, * sudor, quem mors elicit or evocat :the certificate of anybody’s death, * literæ mortis testes :to be at deaths door, animam agere (to be breathing one’s last) ; mortifere ægrotare (Plinius). || DEATH-WATCH (insect), * termes pulsatorius (Linnæus) :The DEATH’S-HEAD SPHINX, Sphinx Atropos (Linnæus). || DEATH-BED, lectus vitalis (Petronius) :* lectus fatalis (Ern.) :On his death- bed, moriens (as he was dying) :moribundus (visibly dying ; the hand of death being upon him).DEATHLESS, vid. IMMORTAL.
DEATH-LIKE, indicium mortis præ se ferens :a death-like silence, silentium summum :a death-like countenance, cadaverosa facies :A death-like sleep, * somnus morti similis ; * sopor morti simillimus :to lie in a death-like sleep, somnus artissimus me complexus est (Cicero) :tam gravi somno premor, ut nullo modo excitari queam (after Plinius, 8, 36, 54).DEBAR, excludere (properly, and figuratively ; aliquem aliqua re or ab aliqua re) :prohibere aliquem or aliquid aliqua re ; or with quominus, ne, or (especially passively) infinitively (prohibere aliqua re = to hold back from; prohibere a aliqua re = to protect against, Freund : but this is doubtful) :denegare alicui aliquid (refuse him; e. g., gaudia, Ovidius) :to debar from magisterial offices, aliquem honore magistratus :from a share in the government, aliquem a republica excludere or prohibere ; from being a citizen, aliquem a civium numero sejungere; aliquem ex numero civium ejicere, or aliquem numero civium excidere :to debar anybody from entering a town, aliquem mœnibus excludere.Vid. EXCLUDE.
DEBARK, Vid. DISEMBARK. DEBARKATION, Vid. DISEMBARKATION. DEBASE, || To lower, minuere ; imminuere ; one’s self, se deinittere, se submittere; to anything, prolabi ad aliquid ; se projicere in aliquid (e. g., to effeminate lamentations, in muliebres fletus) ; descendere ad aliquid (e. g., ad gravissimas verborum contumelias) :one’s rank, minuere suam dignitatem :to debase one’s self to the lowest degree, se abjicere or se abjicere et prosternere :to debase an art by practising it for money or gain, artem ad mercedem atque quæstum abducere :to such an extent did Perillus debase his art, in hoc Perillus artem devocavit. || To disgrace, dedecorare ; dedecore afficere :to debase one’s self by anything, se dedecorare aliqua, re (e. g., flagitiis); dedecus concipere aliqua re (e. g., libidinum intemperantia) :anything debases me, aliquid mihi est dedecori, or turpitudini. || To adulterate, corrumpere (to spoil) :vitiare (e. g., pecunias; merces) :adulterare (e. g., numos ; gemmas) :money thus debased, numus adulterinus (opposed to numus bonus). || Debasing, indecorus.
DEBASEMENT, humilitas (debasing conduct, Cicero, de Invent., 1, 56, 109); ignominia (disgrace); adulteratio (of coin, numorum).DEBATABLE, quod or de quo ambigitur ; ambiguus ; dubius ; dubius et controversus : quod in controversiam vocari, or adduci, or deduci potest ; quod in controversial relinquitur. Vid. CONTROVERTIBLE.
DEBATE, v. disputare (Cf., not = ” to dispute” in our sense of the word; but either to discuss a question, or to think it over in one’s own mind ; it does not relate to contest, but to deliberation and discussion :to debate a point, or subject, is not rem, but de aliqua re, with the exception of id, hoc, hæc, quæ, multa, etc.) :disceptare verbis (to weigh the grounds of any disputed point, with a view to its decision; de aliqua, re, except hæc, etc. ; also absolutely) :verbis contendere, concertare (of a vehement controversial debate) :the question is debated, causa in disceptatione versatur :to debate the point wisely and justly, hæc juste sapienterque disceptare; pro and con, de re in contrarias partes, or in utramque partem disputare. || To debate in one’s own mind upon anything, cogitare or meditari de aliqua re; secum in animo versare (unamquamque) rem ; omnes in utraque parte calculos ponere ; exactissimo judicio examinare aliquid.
DEBATE,s., disceptatio (a quiet consideration of the arguments on both sides, truth being the object) :contentio (a contest in words, to make good one’s own cause).A stormy debate, perhaps magna non disceptatio modo, sed etiam altercatio (after Livius, 38, 32 ; magna ibi non disceptatio modo, sed etiam altercatio fuit) :there was an animated or violent debate in the Senate, magna in Senatu disceptatio fuit (Livius 38, 32).If = strife vid.
DEBATEFUL, || Breeding debates, controversus et plenus dissensionis(Cicero).|| Contentious, certandi studiosus :concertationis studiosus : pugnax et quasi bellatorius.
DEBATER, circumlocution. If = fond of debating, ceitandi or concertationis studiosus ; concertationis cupidus ; ad concertationem promptus. Cf., Not disceptator, which is a legal umpire, etc.
DEBAUCH, v. || Corrupt, vitiate, a recta via abducere (properly) :aliquem transversum agere (figuratively, to debauch or seduce from the path of right or virtue; Sallustius, Jug., 14, 20. Seneca, Ep., 8, 3) :corrumpere alicujus animum et mores; also corrumpere aliquem only (anybody’s moral principles) :a bono honestoque in pravum abstrahere (Sallustius, Jug., 29, 2) :aliquem ad nequitiam adducere ; alicui fenestras ad nequitiam patefacere (to debauch or lead into debauchery ; Terentius, Ad., 3, 3, 4 ; Heaut., 3, 1, 72) :aliquem in stuprum illicere. || Seduce from duty or allegiance, corrumpere (general term).To try to debauch anybody, tentare aliquem (Nepos, Ep., 4, 1) :aliquem (pecunia) corrumpendum suscipere (to undertake to debauch) :sollicitare (Cæsar) or tentare (after quod me tentasti, Nepos, Epam., 4, 1) :to try to debauch the soldiers, milites or militum animos tentare (Afranius, 57) :to undertake to debauch the soldiers, * milites corrumpendos (pecunia) suscipere :an opportunity of debauching the soldiers, milites sollicitandi occasio (Cæsar, B, C., 2, 33, fin.). || Debauch a woman, (per vim) stuprare ; stuprum inferre alicui; stuprum cum aliqua facere ; corrumpere (seduce).DEBAUCH, heluatio (as an act) :luxuria (as a habit) :comissatio (carousing).DEBAUCHEE, homo or vir libidinosus (Cicero) :heluo (glutton, etc. ; also one who squanders his property in excesses) :gurges ; nepos (a spendthrift). (The words are found in this connection and order.) gurges atque heluo : comissator (a pot-companion) :scortator (of dissolute habits).DEBAUCHER, corruptor ; cormptela (Terentianus) :stuprator : alienæ pudicitiæ insidiator (Auct., ad Herenn.) :sollicitator (Seneca).DEBAUCHERY, mores dissoluti; vita dissoluta : vita libidinosa, or libidinibus dedita :the companion of his debaucheries, libidinum socius (Tacitus) :a youth spent in debauchery, adolescentia libidinosa et intemperans :to tempt to debauchery, illicere aliquem in stuprum : corrumpere aliquem ; corruptelarum illecebris irretire aliquem ; facem præferre alicui ad libidinem. || Corruption of fidelity, sollicitatio (attempt to seduce; e. g., soldiers) :corruptela (e. g., servi, Cicero, Dejot. 11, 30).
DEBELLATE, Vid. To SUBDUE.
DEBENTURE, chirographum (note of hand) :syngrapha (a formal contract subscribed by both parties).DEBILE, Vid. WEAK.
DEBILITATE, imbecillum or infirmum reddere (properly ; e. g., stomachum) :debilitare( properly, and figulatively) :enervare ; infirmare ; vires debilitare, or attenuare, or afficere. Vid. WEAKEN.
DEBILITY, imbecillitas ; infirmitas :debility of body, valetudo infirma; valetudinis infirmitas or imbecillitas. Vid. WEAKNESS.
DEBIT, v., inducere alicui aliquid (e. g., sumptum alicui, Cicero) :aliquid expensum ferre (to set it down as paid to him) :in tabulas or in codicem referre (to set down a debt) :nomina facere. Vid. OBS. at the end of ” DEBT”.DEBONAIR, Vid. ELEGANT ; WELL-BRED.
DEBONAIRLY, comiter ; hilariter ; blande ; hilari vultu.
DEBT, debitum (general term for every sort of obligation ; also a money-debt) :pecunia debita (money owed) :pecunia credita (money lent) :nomen (the debtor’s name as entered in the account-book) :the whole debt, solidum :debts, æs alienum (with grande, novum, tantum, etc.) :pecuniæ debitæ (sums owed) ; pecuniæ creditæ (sums lent) :nomina (sums set down as owed by particular persons) :bad debts, nomina impedita (opposed to nomina expedita) :a little debt, raudusculum (Cicero ; de raudusculo Numeriano multum te amo, Att., 7, 2, 7); also parvum nomen :the extent of his debts, æris alieni magnitudo :to contract debts, æs alienum facere, contrahere (Cicero), conflare (Sallustius) :to fall into debt, in æs alienum incidere :to be, or be involved, in debt, æs alienum habere ; in ære alieno esse ; debere (opposed to in suis nummis versari) :to be quite out of debt ; to be in debt to nobody, debere nullum nummum nemini :to be deep in debt, ære alieno laborare, or premi; obæratum esse :to be over head and ears in debt, ære alieno demersum, or obrutum esse ; animam debere (Prov.,Terentius, Phorm., 4, 3, 56) :to involve anybody in debt, aliquem ære alieno obstringere deeply, ære alieno obruere aliquem :he is in my debt, in ære meo est (also = he is under obligations to me; vid. Cicero, Div., 13, 62, 1 :15, 14, 1) :he has been many years in my debt, multi sunt
anni, quum ille in meo ære est :to exact, or call in a debt, nomen exigere :the whole debt, in solidum appellare (Tacitus, Ann., 6, 17, 1) :to discharge or pay debts, debita solvere ; nomina dissolvere, exsolvere, or expedire :to free anybody from debt, liberare aliquem ære alieno, or (to free partially) levare aliquem ære alieno :to forgive anybody his debts, pecunias creditas condonare alicui (Cicero) :donare alicui æs alienum (Brut., ap. Cicero) :to make one’s self liable for the debts of one’s friends, æs alienum amicorum suscipere (Cicero, Off., 2, 15, 56) :Anybody’s properly consists of outstanding debts, pecuniam in nominibus habere (Cicero) :to apply to anybody for the payment of a debt, debitorem admonere, or * de pecunia debita appellare :to set down a debt (due to one), nomen referre in adversaria (in a daybook) :to take measures for recovering a debt, pecuniam persequi; syngraphas suas persequi (debts for which one has a note of hand) :to cancel a debt, nomen inducere :pecuniam creditam condonare alicui :to get out of debt, æs alienum solvere, or dissolvere ; ære alieno exire :to be unable to pay one’s old debts, in vetere ære alieno vacillare :to pay old debts by contracting new ; or, take up money to pay one’s debts, versura solvere or dissolvere (vid. Nepos, Att., 2, 4) :the calling in of debts, exactio nominum or pecuniarum :debt-book, tabulæ : codex : calendarium (showing the interest due on the Calends of each month).Free from debt, * ære alieno vacuus (having no debts) :* ære alieno solutus or liberatus (whose debts have been discharged) :to pay the debt of nature (figuratively for to die), debitum naturæ reddere (Nepos, De Regg., 1, 4) :to discharge one’s debt to one’s country, solvo patriæ, quod debeo.
Cf., OBS. nomina facere is (on the part of the creditor) to set down a debt to be considered due on some future day [cf. Cicero, Fam., 7, 23 ; nomina se facturum, qua ego vellem die] ; but probably also on the part of the debtor to engage to pay at some future time (vid. Schütz, Lex. Cicero, nomen).
Cf., When “debt” is used figuratively, it is not debitum (except in the phrase ” debt of nature”), but officium, or quod debeo, quod meum est.
DEBTOR, debitor ; debens ; qui debet (in reference to the creditor) :obæratus (with reference to one’s self; deeply in debt) :
Cf., nomen, properly, “the debt,” also stands for “the debtor,” but only relatively ; as, a debtor who pays punctually, bonum nomen :a debtor who cannot pay, or is backward in paying, malum, lentum nomen :to be anybody’s debtor, alicui debere ; to a great extent, alicui grandem debere pecuniam (properly, for to owe much money to anybody) ; in alicujus ære alieno esse (both properly, and figuratively) ; alicui multa debere (figuratively for to be much beholden to anybody).DEBUT, initium, principium, introitus (Suetonius), auspicia (Justinus), with genitive of the thing (e. g., initium regni ; introitus sacerdotii) :to make one’s debut (ofan actor). initium in scenam prodeundi auspicari (Suetonius,Cal., 54).DECADE, decas, adis (late; used by Livy for a period of ten years) :pure Latin, numerus denarius.
DECADENCY, vid. DECLINE.
DECALOGUE,
Decalogus (ecclesiastical term) :* præcepta or leges decern tabularum.
DECAMP, || PROPR., castra movere or promovere; in the historians often movere only (to break up the camp and march further) ; or signa movere or ferre (the standard) ; or tabernacula detendere (to take down the tents).|| To set off; depart, se dare in viam ; se committere viæ or itineri ; se commovere; abire ; discedere ; contendere aliquo (vid. Herz., Cæsar, B. G., 1, 1).
DECAMPMENT, profectio ; abitus; discessus (of the soldiers, e castris) :to give the signal for decampment., vasa conclamare ; signum dare, ut milites vasa colligant :to order it to be given, (vasa) conclamari jubere : to give the signal for decampment and for battle at the same time, signum simul itineris pugnæque proponere.
DECANT, vinum diflfundere (with or without de dolio; diffundere sc. de doliis in cados, is to tie distinguished from defundere, to pour into glasses, etc., vid. Commentators on Horatius, Ep., 1, 5, 4) :transfundere, transferre :transfundere in aliud vas.
DECANTER, || lagena : ampulla (big-bellied, such as is used for claret, Champagne) :a small decanter, laguncula; ampullula (Sulpic., Sev., Dial., 3, 3, in.) :a glass decanter, * lagena crystallina, with a wide neck, lagena patentissimi oris :to empty a decanter, lagenam exsiccare, secretly, furtim (a jocular expression of Quintilianus, Cicero ; vid. Ep., 16, 26, 2). || One who decants, capulator (Cat., Columella).DECAPITATE, caput alicujus præcidere (with a sword, when the person is not previously strangled) :caput cervicibus abscidere, or cervicibus fractis caput abscidere (when the person is previously strangled, Cicero, Phil. 11, 2, 5) :securi ferire or percutere (with the axe, by the executioner) :decollare (post- Augustan, and in the less elevated style).DECAY, v. || INATRANS., in ruinam pronum esse (properly, to be near falling) :labi (properly, to fall in ; e. g., of a house, of the cheeks, then figuratively to sink, to become worse ; e. g., of a breed or race, of manners, of sciences) :collabi (to be falling to ruins ; properly, of buildings ; figuratively, of the state) :dilabi (properly, to separate from each other ; e. g., of the parts of buildings, of walls ; then figuratively to be going downwards ; e. g., of the state) :macrescere (to fall away, of living beings) :tabescere (to waste away, of living beings) :marcescere (fade away ; hence, languish, grow weak ; e. g., marcescentes senio vires, Plinius ; marcescere desidia, Livius) :deminui (of the moon, also of strength ; it would be wrong to use diminui, vid. Ochs., Cicero, Ecl.,p. 13) :minui; minuere (to be lessened; e. g., of the memory) :my strength decays or fails me, viribus senesco, or deficior ; vires extenuantur, deficiunt :my memory decays, memoria labat, minuitur ; deficior memoria :zeal and hope decay together, studium cum spe senescit :the power of the Athenians decays, opes Atheniensium senescunt :to decay or be reduced to poverty, ad inopiam or egestatem or paupertatem redigi. || TRANS., imbecillum or infirmum reddere ; attenuare ; vitiare (see WEAKEN).A decayed tooth, densexesus : dens cavus or cavatus (hollow) :decayed ( = reduced to poverty), ad inopiam, egestatem or paupertatem redactus :beams that are decayed, asseres marcidi (Vitrvius). DECAY, deminutio : defectio virium ; vires corporis affectæ : of the understanding, deminutio mentis.To fall to decay, to go to decay. Vid. DECAY, v. INTR. DECEASE, obitus ; excessus vitas or e vita : discessus a vita ; exitus. SYN. in DEATH, vid.DECEASE, v., e vita discedere; exire de or e vita; mortem or diem supremum obire. SYN. in DIE, vid.κυρικιμασαηικοDECEIT, fraus (fraudulent action) :fraudatio (dishonesty, opposed to fides, honesty) :dolus malus, or dolus only (artifice) :fallacia (especially when the deceit is carried on by words) : doli atque fallaciæ : ars ; artes ; machinæ (artful means to attain one’s end) :without deceit, sine fraude :full of deceit (of men), fraudulentus ; qui totus ex fraude et fallaciis constat (opposed to homo sine fuco et fallaciis) :to practise deceit, fraudem inferre ; fraudem moliri ; against anybody, dolum alicui struere, nectere, confingere ; fallaciam in aliquem intendere :there is, or is not, any deceit in it, aliquid or nihil doli subest.Self-deceit, error, also fraus.
DECEITFUL, ad fallendum instructus ; fraudulentus : fallax (prone to deceive craftily) :dolosus (full of deceit, all both of persons and things) :vafer (sly) :veterator (grown old in deceit) :vanus (empty ; of things ; e. g., hopes, spes) :deceitful words, verba ad fallendum instructa.
DECEITFULLY, fraudulenter ; fallaciter ; dolose; per dolum :to deal deceitfully, dolose, or mala, fide agere.
DECEITFULNESS, fraudatio (opposed to fides) :fallendi studium (propensity to deceive) :vanitas :inanitas (emptiness).DECEITLESS, sincerus :verus :(The words are found in this connection and order.) sincerus atque verus : incorruptus : candidus :apertus :simplex. (The words are found in this connection and order.) apertus et simplex. DECEIVABLE, By circumlocution, qui facile decipi, etc., potest.
DECEIVE, fraudare (verb, properly) :fallere (also with fraude ; to make anybody take falsehood for truth without being aware of it, socios induxit, decepit, destituit, omni fraude et perfidia fefellit, Cicero) :decipere (to outwit by a suddenly executed plot [Döderlein] : to deceive by false appearances, and take advantage of anybody’s folly, or want of caution) :in errorem inducere, or inducere only (to lead into error by deceitful counsel ; to take in ; vid. fallere above) :deludere (to play upon anybody’s credulity) :imponere alicui aliquid, or merely imponere alicui (under the pretext of giving information) :verba dare alicui (to pass words for current coin) :frustrari (to deceive by false hopes ; to deceive one’s expectation) :destituere (to leave in the lurch) :mentiri (figuratively of things ; e. g., frons, oculi, vultus mentiuntur) :circumscribere (ensnare) :fallaciam or fraudem alicui facere ; dolum alicui nectere or confingere (play him a trick; practice deceit against him) :circumvenire (literally, “come round a man;” take him in by an artfully laid plot) :fraude or dolo capere, eludere (get a fraudulent advantage over him) :alicui fucum facere (to throw dust in his eyes) :circumducere (in comedy ; to lead by the nose) :to deceive his creditors, fraudare creditores :to try to deceive anybody, fraude aliquem tentare ; fallaciam intendere in aliquem :it was this that deceived me, hoc mihi fraudi fuit :to
deceive anybody’s expectation, spem alicujus fallere, or destituere; exspectationem alicujus decipere :my eyes have deceived me, visus (me) frustratus est :I am deceived, me fallo ; fallor ; animus me fallit :I am much deceived, vehementer erro :I am deceived in anything, aliquid me fallit :I am deceived in my expectation, a spe destituor ; spes me fallit, destituit, or frustratur :being deceived in this expectation, hac spe lapsus (Cæsar) :unless I am deceived, nisi quid me fefellerit; nisi fallor :I am completely deceived, if, etc., omnia me fallunt, nisi, etc.
DECEIVER, fraudator : homo ad fallendum paratus or instructus : homo ad fraudem acutus : veterator (a deceiver who has grown old in the service).
Cf., Deceptor only Seneca, Thyest., 40.
DECEMBER,
December, bris (the tenth month of the Roman year, reckoning from March ; sometimes put for the year that is ended, hic tertius December, ex quo, etc., Horatius).DECEMPEDAL, * decern pedes habens.
DECEMVIRATE, decemviratus, us (government of ten persons ; Cicero, and Livius) :of or belonging to the decemvirate, decemviralis (e. g., collegium, Cicero, leges, the Twelve Tables, Livius, potestas, Livius, and Tacitus).DECENCY, || Fitness, decentia. || Propriety, decor : decorum :modestia (modest, well-bred behavior, opposed to immodestia) :to observe the rules of decency, decorum sequi, servare, tenere or custodire :to study the rules of decency in anything, in aliqua re quid deceat, considerare, or videre :to have a sense of decency, quid deceat, sentire :anything is against the rules of decency, turpe est aliquid :to forget the rules of decency, decoris oblivisci.
DECENNIAL, decern annorum (in general) :decennis (lasting ten years) :decennalia, ium, plural, a festival, celebrated every tenth year from its institution by Augustus; a decennial period, decennium (late); duo lustra, plural.
DECENT, || Fit, aptus alicui (of persons); alicui rei or ad aliquid (of things). || Becoming, quod decet aliquem (Cf., decens only by the poets, and in prose writers of the Silver Age, especially Quintilianus, ; e. g., decentior amictus) :decorus (only applies to words and actions) :words that are not over-decent, verba parum verecunda.
DECENTLY, decore; recte. decenter (decentius) :honeste; modeste; verecunde; ut decet.
Decently clad, honeste vestitus (Varr.).DECEPTION, fraudatio :fallacia :circumscriptio. fraus.[Cf., Deceptio, which used to stand, Vitruvius 2, 8, is very late.] Vid. DECEIT.
DECHARM, * incantatum or effascinatum præstigiis exsolvere.
DECIDE, disceptare aliquid (to decide a question of right, after weighing the arguments on both sides ; then = to decide. generally, and also to decide by arms) :decernere aliquid or de re, or absolutely (to determine judicially after deliberation, etc., then to determine generally ; also with the sword) :dijudicare aliquid (to give judgement in a cause, and so settle the question; also generally, or with the sword) :judicare aliquid or de re (to decide or pass sentence as judge, or generally) :arbitri partes suscipere (absolutely to decide a controversy as arbiter) :decidere aliquid or de re (to cut off, as it were, all further litigation ; also decidere cum aliquo, to settle a matter with a person, and absolutely) :statuere, constituere (to decide or settle a controverted point). (The words are found in this connection and order.) decidere statuereque (to decide and determine, etc., what, quid) :momentum facere alicui rei or in aliqua re ; momentum afferre ad aliquid (of a circumstance which gives the decisive turn to anything) :pronunciare (to pronounce sentence, as a judge; and of anything that pronounces judicially ; e. g., reason will decide the point equitably, æquam pronunciabit sententiam ratio, Cicero) :to decide a point, affirmare de re (i. e., to state one’s decided opinion about it) :to decide a cause, pronunciare de causa, re, etc. (Quintilianus) :to decide a controversy, controversiam disceptare, decernere, dijudicare (all three also by arms, ferro) :controversiam dirimere (Cicero, Off., 3, 33, 119; dirimere litem, Ovidius) :de controversia decidere, statuere, constituere.
Cf., OBS. secare, lites, res, etc. is poetical (Horatius, Ep., 1, 16, 42 : and Sat., 1, 10, 15.) controversiam componere (to arrange it; to bring parties to an agreement) :to decide a question, quæstionem solvere; also decidere (Ulpius); a lawsuit, dijudicare litem ; in favor of the accused, secundum reum dare litem or judicare (opposed to contra reum dare litem) :matters not to be decided by mere opinion, res ab opinionis arbitrio sejunctæ :to decide the battle, pugnam decernere; the victory, momentum afferre ad victoriam :arms must decide, omnia armis agenda sunt :when circumstances require it, the sword must decide, quum tempus postulat, manu decertandum est :the sword has already decided, jam decretum est (Cicero, ad Div., 10, 10, 2) :the fate of the republic will be decided by a single battle, in uno prœlio omnis fortuna reipublicæ disceptat (ibid.) :to decide the affair by arms, ferro inter se decernere. I am to decide it, res penes me posita est :I alone am to decide it, alicujus rei potestas omnis in me est posita :not to decide anything, integrum or injudicatum relinquere aliquid :a thing not yet decided, res integra :the matter is not yet decided, adhuc sub judice lis est (Horatius, A. P., 78); adhuc de hac re apud judicem lis est (Asconius, ad Cicero, Verr., 1, 45, p. 335, ed. Schütz) :it will soon be decided, * brevi patebit, manifestum fiet (i. e., it will soon be generally known).Whether the passions are also a part of it, is a question that is not yet decided, perturbationes sintne ejusdem partes, quæstio est :his fate is not yet decided, non habet exploratam rationem salutis suæ.
DECIDE, INATRANS., || Determine, resolve, decernere : consilium capere : apud animum statuere, constituere :destinare :animo proponere :censere : placet alicui : sciscere :jubere :(The words are found in this connection and order.) sciscere et jubere (of the assembly of the people; sciscere, especially of the plebs ; jubere, of the whole populus) :to decide upon anything, pronunciare, constituere de re :to decide upon doing anything, decernere aliquid faciendum (Sallustius, Cat., 4, 1) :to decide (= declare one’s self ) for anybody, alicujus partes sequi. OBS. To ” decide,” absolutely = ” to decide a cause” (e. g., in favor of anybody) will be found under DECIDE, TRANS. I have decided, certum mini est :as soon as I have decided, simul ac constituent. I have quite decided, statutum cum animo habeo ac deliberatum ; deliberatum mihi ac constitutum est ; mihi certum est; certum est deliberatumque ; mihi judicatum est; all with infinitive. To decide unanimously, omnium consensu constituere.
DECIDED, dijudicatus (by a judicial sentence) :decisus (e. g., quibus omnibus rebus actis atque decisis, Cicero : decisa negotia, Horatius, ; jam decisa quæstio, Ulpianus) .Also, of course, by the participles of the other verbs under DECIDE : certus, exploratus (certain, ascertained ; e. g., a decided victory, victoria certa or explorata) :destinatus (defined, fixed ; e. g., opinio, sententia) :a decided opinion, stabilis certaque sententia (opposed to errans et vaga sententia, Cicero) ; certa destinataque sententia (Cicero) :destinata opinio (Livius) :to give a decided opinion, * certam sententiam expromere :never to give a decided opinion, nullam rem aperte judicare. || As adjective, firm, resolute, firmus :stabilis :constans. (The words are found in this connection and order.) firmus et stabilis et constans : promptus (also with animi, or animo in Tacitus, ; ready; hence, vigorous, etc.) :A decided character, animus promptus, certus.A person of decided character, qui nunquam inops est consilii (Livius) ; * cui, quid consilii capiat, or quid faciat, semper promptum est (after Cicero) :to be of a decided character, in rebus excogitandis promptum esse ; in ipso negotio or ex tempore consilium capere (of the decision of character which can see what is to be done, and carry it out firmly).|| Clear, unequivocal, clarus : certus :manifestus : perspicuus :evidens.The most decided proofs of his guilt, indicia atque argumenta certissima (Cicero) :to be a decided proof, indicio esse (with subordinate clause ; how, what, quam, qualis, etc.) :to announce anything to anybody as decided, pro cerlo perscribere aliquid ad aliquem :a decided likeness, expressa effigies or imago.
DECIDEDLY, || In answers of unhesitating assent, certe :vero : recte :ita :ita est : sic est : ita plane : ita scilicet : etiam :sane :sane quidem; or by repetition of a word in the question ; ” will you come?” veniesne?
Decidedly, veniam :do you want me? mene vis? te! [SYN. in CERTAINLY.] || In a fixed, determinate manner, definite (in a fixed, express, positive manner). (The words are found in this connection and order.) aperte atque definite : diserte (in express terms) :certe :certo (certainly. SYN. in CERTAINLY).DECIDENCE, delapsus (e. g., aquæ, Varr.).DECIDER, arbiter (one who decides a dispute only by the rules of equity) :judex (who decides according to strict justice); or circumlocution with qui decernit, etc.
DECIDUOUS, caducus ; deciduus (not perennial).DECIMATE, || To take the tenths, decumas exigere. || To take one in ten out of a cohort, etc., to be punished with death (among the ancients by casting lots), decimare cohortem (post-Augustan military technical term ; vid. Bremi, Suetonius, Oct., 24) :sorte decimum quemque (cohortis) ad supplicium legere (Livius 2, 59, extr.) :decimum quemque cohortis sorte ductos fusti necare, or merely decimum quemque fusti ferire (Tacitus, Ann., 3, 21, 1, and 14, 44, extr.).DECIMATION,
|| A tithing, decumarum exactio. || The punishing one in ten, decimatio (Capitolini. Macrobius, 12).DECIPHER, || To make out what is written in cipher, investigare et persequi (what is written in cipher, notas, Suetonius, Cæsar 56, Wolf.). || Unfold what is intricate or obscure, explicare; explanare ; interpretari ; enodare (to free from knots = difficulties).DECIPHERING, || Art of making out what is written in cipher, ars investigandi et persequendi notas (Suetonius,Cæsar 56). || Explanation of what is obscure, explicatio; explanatio; interpretatio ; enodatio. DECISION, dijudicatio; disceptatio (as an act) :judicium ; sententia (as a sentence pronounced) :arbitrium (the decision of an umpire) :momentum ( ῥοπή , a decisive turn) :to leave to anybody’s decision, alicujus arbitrio permittere :to bring to a decision, momentum afferre ad aliquid; momentum facere alicui rei, or in aliqua re (of things that have an important bearing on the result). || Unwavering firmness, animi fortitudo :constantia :animus certus or confirmatus (firmness) :animi præsentia :animus præsens ( quickness in deciding).Vid. To DECIDE.
DECISIVE, decretorius (post-Augustan) :quod habet or facit momentum (what gives a decisive turn) :ultimus (what is decisive, as being last ; e. g., a battle, a cause) :the decisive hour, hora decretoria ; ultimi discriminis tempus (approaches, adventat) :a decisive moment, * momentum, quo fortuna in discrimen vocatur; temporis discrimen :a decisive battle, pugna decretoria (Quintilianus 6, 4, 6) ; prœlium, in quo omnis fortuna reipublicæ disceptat (on the result of which the fate of the republic depends, Cicero, ad Div., 10, 10, 2); also ultima, or universæ rei dimicatio (Livius 1, 15, and 38) :an engagement, which is not decisive, prœlium anceps :to hazard a decisive battle, summis cum hoste copiis contendere (Herz., Cæsar B. G., 5, 17); de summa rerum decernere :it comes to a decisive battle, venit res ad ultimum dimicationis ; venit in casum universæ dimicationis :no decisive battle was fought, nusquam ad universæ rei dimicationem ventum est.
DECISIVELY, modo decretorio.
DECK, || To cover, tegere (general term) :contegere ; obtegere ; integere (anything with anything, aliqua re aliquid) :sternere ; consternere ; insternere [SYN. in COVER; which see for phrases] :to deck a horse with trappings, equum sternere, insternere. || To adorn, ornare (general term) :exornare, distinguere [SYN. in ADORN] : comere :to deck with anything, ornare, or exornare, or distinguere, or distinguere et ornare aliqua re ; excolere aliqua re, or ornatu alicujus rei (e. g., the walls with marble, parietes marmoribus ; a room with pictures, cubiculum tabularum pictarum ornatu) :to deck one’s self, se exornare (e. g., I deck myself out to please you, me exorno, tibi ut placeam).|| To cover with a deck; Vid. next word.
DECK, s., constratum navis (* Petronius, 100, 3 and 6).To cover with a deck, consternere (but only found in the past participle ; Livius, 21, 28, being in a different sense) .A vessel with a deck, constrata navis (Cicero, Livius); tecta navis (Cæsar, Livius, Tacitus) :ships which have decks, naves tectæ, or constratæ (opposed to naves apertæ).DECLAIM, pronunciare (to deliver a speech artistically ; e. g., of an actor) :* cum putida gravitate dicere (to declaim with an affected solemnity ; in an inflated style, etc.) :declamare ; declamitare (to declaim for practice, as was customary in the ancient schools of rhetoric) :to declaim in a striking and graceful manner, graviter et venuste pronunciare.
DECLAIMER, declamator (one who delivered declamations in a school of rhetoric) :* putidus pronunciator, or * qui cum putida gravitate dicit, or pronunciat, or (with reference to the style) cujus oratio turget atque inflata est.
DECLAMATION, || Style of delivery, pronunciatio (according to the rules of art; Cicero, Invent., 1, 7, uses circumlocution ; ex rerum et verborum dignitate vocis et corporis moderatio, Auct., ad Her., 1, 2, extr., vocis, vultus, gestus moderatio cum venustate) :actio (Cicero, De Or., 2, 17, extr.) :pronunciandi nitio (general term for delivery, Quintilianus, 10, 1, 17) :pronunciatio vocis mutationibus resultans (with reference to affected changes of tone, Quintilianus, 11, 8, 183). || An oration composed for practice on a given subject, declamatio. in ostentationem comparata declamatio (after Quintilianus, 2, 9, 10).DECLAMATORY, declamatorius (pertaining to declamation ; i. e., rhetorical exercises in the schools) :tumidus ; turgidus ; inflatus (inflated).His style is declamatory, oratio turget atque inflata est :their delivery is refined without being unnatural or declamatory, neque ita prorsus, ut nos vulgo loquimur, pronuntiant [or neque sine arte pronuntiant], neque procul tamen a natura recedunt (Quintilianus 2, 10, 13).A vehement and declamatory mode of delivery should be avoided, actio ita temperanda est, ne, dum actoris captamus elegantiam, perdamus viri boni et gravis auctoritatem (Quintilianus, lib. 11, extr.).DECLARABLE, probabilis (capable of proof) ; quod probari, doceri potest.
DECLARATION, declaratio (e. g., amoris sui) :pronunciatio (proclamation by word of mouth, Cæsar). Sometimes vox, sententia, oratio, may serve : denunciatio (a threatening declaration ; e. g., belli) :proscriptio (declaration of outlawry) :After this declaration, hac pronunciatione facta (Cæsar, B. C., 2, 25) :for ” to make a declaration;” vid. DECLARE. Warning ; Any kind of reproduction of this page will be very severely accused by tokyomaths.comDECLARATIVE, DECLARATORY, circumlocution by quod declarat or declarationem habet alicujus rei (e. g., liber iste – quantam habet declarationem amoris tui, Cicero) :
Cf., declarativus quite late ; Appuleius, Martisalis, Capell.