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COMPOSEDNESS, Vid. COMPOSURE.
COMPOSER, || Author: scriptor. Or by circumlocution, qui librum scripsit, or conscripsit or composuit: auctor.|| With regard to musical works: *modos musicos faciendi or componendi peritus. || Compositor, Vid. || Composer of disputes, etc., qui controversias componit, minuit, etc.
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COMPOSITION, || The act: compositio (e.g., of ointments, unguentorum): or by circumlocution with verbs under COMPOSE; e.g., the Greek language is more flexible in the composition of words, Græcus sermo ad duplicanda verba facilior (Livius, 27, 11, 5). || The thing composed: mixtura: compositio: especially: (a) composition of metals: *æs mixtum; *compositio metallica: (b) musical composition: *musica, quam vocant, compositio (in general); canticum modis musicis exceptum: cantus vocum sonis rescriptus (vocal composition). || The act of composing a work by writing: conscriptio, compositio, conceptio [SYN. in COMPOSE ]. || Agreement: conventum (convention, which does not formally bind) pactio: pactum (an agreement in the proper legal form): Vid. AGREEMENT, COMPACT.
COMPOSITOR, || In a printer’s office: *typotheta. in the plural, *operæ typographicæ (the assistants in general): *typographus, a printer.
COMPOST, lætamen (any manure): stercus: fimus (dung, as means of manuring).
COMPOST, v. TR. to manure with dung: stercorare. stercorationem facere: Vid. DUNG.
COMPOSURE, compositio (the proper combination or arrangement of words with regard to style). || Adjustment of a difference: compositio, vid. COMPOSITION.|| Mental tranquillity: animi tranquillitas. animus tranquillus: animi æquitas: animus æquus (composure: of the mind): mentis or animi status (the composure or state in which the mind finds itself, vid. Cicero, Parad: 1, 3, extr.): to disturb anybody’s composure of mind, animum alicujus perturbare, perterrere; animum alicujus de statu or de sede sua demovere; animum alicujus perterritum loco et certo de statu demovere: mentem e sede sua et statu demovere: to lose one’s composure, de gradu (or de statu suo) dejici de statu suo discedere, demigrare; mente concidere; perturbari; by anything, aliqua re: to have lost one’s composure, sui or mentis or animi non compotem esse; minus compotem esse sui; mente vix constare: to preserve one’s composure of mind, non dejici se de gradu pati: to keep one’s composure in a matter, non perturbari in re, nec de gradu dejici, ut dicitur, sed præsenti animo uti et constanti (Cicero, Off: 1, 23, 80); also æquo animo ferre aliquid: with composure, æquo animo; sedate (e.g., to endure pain, dolorem ferre) .
COMPOUND, v.to join together: componere: jungere: conjungere: copulare: (the words are found in this connexion and order), inter se jungere copulareque: or copulando adjungere. confundere aliquid cum aliqua re (also figuratively): to compound medicines, medicamenta parare (Cicero); componere (Columella); temperare (Scribonius Largus); in poculo diluere (Curtius): To compound words, duplicare verba (Livius, 27, 11, 5, faciliore ad duplicanda verba Græco sermone): Compounded words [vid. COMPOUND]. To compound verbs with prepositions, voces præpositionibus subjungere (Quintilianus). || Adjust (differences, etc.), componere (controversiam, litem). ||To be compounded of, constare (ex): man is compounded of body and soul, homo constat ex animo et corpore. || To compound a debt, *parte pecuniæ soluta creditoribus satisfacere. transactionem facere, componere (Dig., to have a settlement with one’s creditors).
COMPOUND, INTR. || To compound for etc. Mostly by circumlocution with mihi satis est or sufficit, or abunde est or sufficit, quod: mihi abunde est, si etc.: satis habeo with accusative and infinitive; you should be glad to compound for my making no complaints about him to you, satis habeas, me nihil tecum de eo queri: “they were glad to compound for his commitment to the Tower,” *satis sibi esse dixerunt, quod in custodiam or carcerem esset conjectus. I shall be glad to compound for that reward, id modo si mercedis Datur mihi – satis mihi esse ducam (Plautus): || Bargain, pacisci cum aliquo: transigere cum aliquo.
COMPOUND, adj., compositus:
Compound words, verba copulata or juncta or inter se conjuncta (opposed to simplicia, Cicero): verba composita: voces compositæ (Quintilian: but in Cicero, verba composa = words properly arranged), verba duplicata.
COMPOUND, s., mixtio: permixtio (as act and thing): mixtura (the kind and nature of the mixture; also the mixture itself): admixtum: res admixta.A compound (= compound word): verbum copulatum or junctum (vid. COMPOUND, adjective).
COMPOUNDER, circumlocution with verbs.
COMPREHEND, || to comprise: comprehendere. complecti (as well of space as of mental comprehension): continere (of things only): the world comprehends every thing, mundus omnia complexu suo coërcet et continet: to comprehend much, late patere: to be comprehended in anything, subesse alicui rei; pertinere ad rem (belong to anything):to be comprehended in the number, esse or haberi in eo numero. || To master with one’s intellect, etc.:comprehendere, complecti with and without animo or mente: cogitatione comprehendere (to comprehend with one’s intellect): capere (mente): mente concipere, percipere.cognoscere et percipere (seize with one’s intellect): assequi (reach or seize, as it were, the meaning or sense of anything, to understand): intelligere, also with the addition of animo ac ratione (Cicero): (the words are found in this connexion and order.) intelligere et cogitatione comprehendere: perspicere (see through a thing): to have comprehended, comprehensum, perceptum, cognitum comprehensumque habere; animo comprehensum tenere; ratione et intelligentia tenere:to comprehend readily, celeriter comprehendere; arripere: to comprehend anything thoroughly, penitus perspicere planeque cognoscere; easy or difficult to comprehend [vid. COMPREHENSIBLE]: what can not at all be comprehended, quod nullius mens aut cogitatio capere potest: not to be comprehended, fugere intelligentiæ nostræ vim ac notionem; I can not comprehend (i.e., I am at a loss), miror, admiror aliquid, also with quod or infinitive; e.g., I can not comprehend why your letter is so short, admiror brevitatem epistolæ: it is difficult to comprehend what or of what nature the mind is, difficilis est animi, quid aut qualis sit, intelligentia; scarcely to be able to comprehend anything with the greatest meditation, aliquid vix summa ingenii ratione comprehendere.one who comprehends anything easily, docilis: in aliquo est ingenii docilitas (teachable); perspicax (having a quick eye); slow in comprehending, tardus (slow of comprehension).
COMPREHENSIBLE, || by the mind: comprehensibilis. quod in (sub) intelligentiam cadit: quod intelligentia nostra capit: quod intelligere et ratione comprehendere possumus (what may be embraced by the mental faculties, opposed to quod fugit intelligentiae nostræ vim et notionem; quod nullius mens aut cogitatio capere potest): facilis intellectu or ad intelligendum.accommodatus ad intelligentiam: expeditus. cognitu perfacilis (what may be easily comprehended):To be comprehensible, cognosci ac percipi posse: anything is not comprehensible, aliquid in sensum et in mentem intrare non potest:
Comprehensible to the people, ad commune judicium popularemque intelligentiam accommodatus (and adverbially accommodate); ad vulgarem popularemque sensum accommodatus.|| Capable of being comprised: aliquid comprehendi aliqua re potest, comprehensibilis (late, Lactantius).
COMPREHENSIBLY, plane; perspicue; aperte: ad commune judicium popularemque intelligentiam accommodate.
COMPREHENSION, comprehensio (act of seizing mentally): captus (power of comprehension: e.g., ut est captus hominum, Cicero, Tusc: 2, 27, 65, Klotz.: or ut captus est Germanorum, Cæsar, B. G., 4, 3, Herzog: But captus alone is never = ingenium, prudentia, etc.): vis percipiendi:intelligentia (the power of comprehending anything = understanding, intellect, intelligence, insight, post-Augustan, intellectus): intelligendi prudentia, or prudentia only (the intellectual powers, as faculty of comprehending anything rightly, and the clear insight, acquired by them, into the essence or nature of things, vid. Cicero, De Or., 1, 20, 30, and Partit. Or., 8, 29): ingenium (the mental capacities, mental powers in general, the faculties, the head): quick comprehension, celeritas percipiendi: celeritas ingenii; adapted to common comprehension, ad commune judicium popularemque sententiam accommodatus (or accommodate = in a manner adapted, etc.): To go beyond one’s comprehension, fugere intelligentiæ nostræ vim: to sharpen the comprehension, or make it acute, ingenium or intelligendi prudentiam acuere: to adapt one’s self to the comprehension of ordinary men, sensum ad communem vulgaremque se accommodare:of one’s hearers, ad intelligentiam auditorum descendere: se summittere ad mensuram discentium:not to be above the comprehension of ordinary men, intelligentia a vulgari non remotum esse.
COMPREHENSIVE, late patens (e.g., præceptum: extending to many particulars, etc.): a comprehensive memory, magna memoria: to possess a comprehensive knowledge of anything, penitus cognovisse or intelligere aliquid.
COMPREHENSIVENESS, ambitus: *comprehensio et ambitus ille multarum rerum.
COMPRESS, s. (in surgery) penicillus or penicillum. to put a compress on, penicillum superimponere.
COMPRESS, v. comprimere. condensare (to make tight). || To compress matter (in a book, speech, etc.), coartare (or coarctare): coartare et peranguste refercire (to compress in a narrow compass, Cicero: opposed to dilatare atque explicare): astringere (e.g., argumenta, Quintilianus): To compress many subjects into one book, plura in unum librum coartare.
COMPRESSIBLE, quod comprimi potest.
COMPRESSION, compressio (as act): compressus (as state, but only in ablative singular).
COMPRISE, continere: complecti: comprehendere. to be comprised in anything, aliqua
re contineri: in aliqua re inesse: pertinere per or ad aliquid (to extend to): all lands which the empire comprises, omnes terræ, per quas regnum pertinet.
COMPROMISE, s. compromissum (a reciprocal promise, especially to abide by the decision of an umpire): To enter into a compromise to do anything, compromittere aliquid facere (the conditions being expressed by ut): to make a compromise or enter into a compromise, *compromittere (de aliqua re), ut uterque aliquantum, or paulum, de jure suo decedat (if each is to make a concession): rem intra parietes peragere (to settle it without going into court), or inter se transigere ipsos, ut lubet (Terentianus).
COMPROMISE, v. compromittere (e.g., aliquid facere; de aliqua re: also in arbitrum): arbitrio alicujus permittere, subjicere; conferre ad arbitrium: arbitrum inter partes dare (to appoint arbiters): dirimere or disceptarealiquid (to settle anything by arbitration or compromise) . [Vid. COMPROMISE, s.] || To compromise a person: aliquem traducere (to expose to the laughter, etc.: of others; e.g., collusorem, Seneca, de Benef: 2, 17, 5): aliquem in invidiam adducere (bring him into odium): aliquem alicui rei implicare or illigare (Livius: involve him unpleasantly): a joke which compromises another person, jocus invidiosus.to compromise one’s self, i.e., to expose one’s honour, lædere famam suam; famam suam in discrimen adducere. COMPTROLLER, contrascriptor rationum (Inscriptiones):to be a comptroller, *rationes contra scribere.
COMPULSION, vis (force): necessitas (constraint imposed by necessity): without any compulsion, voluntate (of one’s own free will; opposed to vi or invitus etcoactus); (the words are found in this connexion and order), judicio et voluntate. sponte: sua (tua, etc.) sponte (of one’s own accord, of one’s free will, ἑκουσίως); (the words are found in this connexion and order), sua, sponte et voluntate: I do anything by compulsion, vi coactus aliquid facio: to oblige a person by compulsion, aliquem vi cogere: aliquem per vim adigere. alicui necessitatem imponere or injicere to resort to compulsion, vim adhibere.
COMPULSORY, circumlocution by vi, per vim (cogere, etc.):
Compulsory: measures, vis: coercitio. To use compulsory measures with anybody, alicui necessitatem imponere or injicere (aliquid faciendi): vi cogere aliquem: vi grassari in aliquem (Livius, 3, 44).
COMPUNCTION, conscientiæ angor or sollicitudo: *animus acerbissima pœnitentia: afflictus.to feel compunction, angore conscientiæ et sollicitudine agitari, vexari conscientia animi excruciari (in a high degree); also conscientia animi terret aliquem: anybody feels compunction, peccatorum ex conscientia timor alicui exoritur: I feel compunction, conscientia animi me stimulat or terret; conscientiæ maleficiorum meorum me stimulant.
COMPUTABLE, numerabilis: to be computable, numerari posse.
COMPUTATION, computatio: supputatio (a reckoning together): ratio subducta or subducenda (the account or reckoning made, or to be made, up). [Vid. CALCULATION.]To make too minute and anxious a computation, nimis exigue et exiliter ad calculos revocare aliquid.
COMPUTE, computare: supputare (to reckon together): rationem alicujus rei inire, ducere, subducere: calculos ponere, subducere: vocare, revocare ad calculos (to calculate): to have computed anything, subductum habere aliquid: to calculate a thing minutely and anxiously, sollicitis aliquid supputare articulis (Ovidius, Epistolae ex Ponto, 2, 3, 18): to compute too closely and stingily, nimis exigue et exiliter ad calculos revocare aliquid: digitis computare aliquid or alicujus rei rationem (on one’s fingers): to compute one’s gain, profit, etc., enumero, quod ad me rediturum puto.
COMRADE,Vid. COMPANION.
CON, ediscere; memoriæ mandare, tradere, committere, infigere (to learn by heart).
CON,Pro and con, in utramque partem [vid. “for and against” under AGAINST]: to state the pros and cons, causarum contentionem facere (Cicero, Off., 2, 2, 8): to argue pro and con, et pro re et contra rem disputare.
CON AMORE, cum libidine.Nothing is done well that is not done con amore, nihil quisquam, nisi quod libeat, præclare facere potest (Cicero) .
CONCATENATE, uno vinculo copulare (after Lividius, 28, 12, 4): nectere inter se, conjungere: [concatenare, Lactantius, Min. Fel.]
CONCATENATION, conjunctio: colligatio: copulatio (act of joining): continuatio, the carrying on in an unbroken series: causarum (Cicero). (Figuratively) e.g.,, a concatenation of causes (perhaps) causæ aliæ ex aliis aptæ: a concatenation of calamities, concursus calamitatum: or circumlocution with continuus. A concatenation of labours, continui labores (concatenati labores. Min. Fel.).
CONCAVE, concavus (opposed to gibbus, i.e., convex, Celsus, 8, 1, near the beginning).
CONCAVITY, recessus cavus, cavum: Vid. CAVITY.
CONCEAL, abdere (e.g., documents, tabulas): abscondere: recondere (e.g., numos aurumque): occulere. occultare. obscurare (e.g., the greatness of the gain concealed the greatness of the danger, magnitudo lucri obscurabat magnitudinem periculi): abstrudere:dissimulare (e.g., one’s grief, hatred, etc., ægritudinem animi, odium). (the words are found in this connexion and order.) tegere et dissimulare; dissimulare et occultare. celare (one’s opinion, sententiam: one’s anger, iram). [SYN. in HIDE]. Conceal anything from anybody, aliquem aliquid (by no means alicui aliquid: but in the passive one may say celatur mini aliquid; vid. Oudend., Hirtius, B. Alex., 7, 1): to conceal anything somewhere, abdere aliquid in locum or in loco; occultare aliquid loco or in loco (very seldom in locum; vid. Herzog, Cæsar, B. G., 7, 85, quite at the end): to conceal anything under anything, abdere aliquid sub aliqua re or intra aliquid (e.g., a knife, a sword under one’s robe, cultrum sub veste, ferrum intra vestem): tegere aliquid aliqua, re (figuratively, to cover with anything, to palliate; e.g., the name of tyrant with his affability, nomen tyranni humanitate sua): to conceal one’s self, delitescere (of persons and things): se abdere in occultum (to conceal one’s self in a lurking-place): occuli: occultari (to be removed or to be out of sight, of things; e.g., of stars, opposed to apparere): to conceal one’s self in any place, delitescere in aliquo loco or in loco; se abdere in locum; se occultare loco or in loco (vid. above): the wild beasts conceal themselves in their lairs, feræ latibulis se tegunt:to conceal one’s self before anybody, se occultare alicui or a conspectu alicujus: to keep one’s self concealed, abditum latere; in occulto se continere; abditum et inclusum in occulto latere: to be concealed, latere. || CONCEALED, occultus (in general): abditus: absconditus: reconditus: (the words are found in this connexion and order), abditus atque reconditus (hidden): clandestinus (clandestine. SYN. in SECRET): incognitus (unknown): to keep one’s self concealed, delitescere: something is not concealed from me, aliquid me non fugit or me non præterit(aliquid mihi or me non latet, is unclassical).
CONCEALABLE, vid. CONCEAL.
CONCEALMENT, occultatio: dissimulatio: or by circumlocution with verbs under CONCEAL.
CONCEDE,|| grant (in disputation), concedere (general term): confiteri (without conviction): assentiri (with conviction): dare (as a ground to argue upon). Do you concede that etc.? dasne? (with accusative and infinitive.). Who would not concede this? quis hoc non dederit? if you concede this, you must also concede, dato hoc, dandum erit illud: this being conceded, quo concesso; quibus concessis. || Grant: concedere. largiri (liberally, from kindness): to concede anybody’s demand, postulationi alicujus concedere.
CONCEIT, || notion: cogitatio: cogitatum (that which is thought): mens (mind, then = opinion, view): sententia (opinion, whether as entertained only, or declared): cogitatio (repentina): inventum (invention): consilium (a plan for anything): dictum (pronounced sentence, a bon-mot, etc..): a clever conceit, callidum inventum; a strange conceit, mirum inventum; mire dictum; a choice conceit, arcessitum dictum: (Cicero, De Or., 2, 63, 256): witty conceits, facetiæ; sales; facete, salse, acute dicta:I had a foolish conceit, ineptum aliquid mihi in mentem venit:nugæ (absurdities). || Judgement, opinion, opinio (any uncertain supposition, be it founded on anything or not): existimatio (the opinion which one forms after having made an estimate of anybody or anything): judicium (the view or conviction which rests upon judgement).|| Self-conceit (or ” a great conceit of one’s self,” Bentl.) vana or arrogans de se persuasio: to have no little conceit (of one self), multum sibi tribuere; se aliquem esse putare; magnifice de se statuere; magnos sibi sumere spiritus (to be conceited): to have a great deal of conceit, tumescere inani persuasione (Quintilianus, 1, 2, 18); sibi placere: full of conceit, arrogantiæ plenus: to put anybody out of conceit with anything, alicui fastidium or satietatem creare; fastidium movere alicui fastidium or satietatem or taedium afferre; tædio afficere aliquem; nauseam facere: to be out of conceit with anything, pœnitet me alicujus rei; satietas or tædium alicujus rei me capit; venit mihi aliquid in tædium; fastidire aliquid; satietas or tædium alicujus rei me cepit or tenet: fastidium est mihi aliquid:to be out of conceit with one’s self, sibi displicere; quite, totum.
CONCEIT, v., aliquid cogitare (to fancy anything; e.g., nihil in his locis nisi saxa et montes cogitabam, I fancied only rocks and mountains at this place): aliquid cogitatione fingere or depingere (to imagine): aliquid conjectura informare (to presume):
Vid. To FANCY, IMAGINE.
CONCEITED, arrogans (arrogant): superbus (haughty): A conceited person, homo opinionibus inflatus (Cicero, Off., 1, 26, 91); homo nimium amator ingenii sui (filled with too high a notion of himself, Quintilianus): putidus (affected, especially in speaking): gesticulationibus molestus (by making gestures): ascitus (copied from others, not natural, opposed to nativus).
CONCEITEDLY, putide; inepte. κυρικιμασαηικο
CONCEITEDNESS, nimia opinio ingenii et virtutis.vana or arrogans de se persuasio. arrogantia (arrogance): superbia (haughtiness): ineptiæ (affectation):Vid. also, CONCEIT.
CONCEIVABLE, aliquid in (sub) intelligentiam cadit:quod intelligentia nostra capit: quod intelligere et ratione comprehendere possumus: quod cogitari potest:quod cogitatione comprehendi or percipi potest:quod in cogitationem cadit: cogitabilis not met with before Seneca, Ep., 58, 13, and Apuleius, Apologia, 315, 4.
CONCEIVE, || Comprehend: comprehendere, complecti with or without animo or mente. cogitatione comprehendere: capere (mente): mente concipere, percipere: cognoscere et percipere: assequi: intelligere.To have conceived, comprehensum, perceptum, cognitum comprehensumque habere; animo comprehensum tenere; ratione et intelligentia tenere [SYN. in COMPREHEND]: what can not be conceived, quod nullius mens aut cogitatio capere potest. || To form an idea, or to represent to one’s mind: aliquid cogitare; aliquid cogitatione fingere or depingere (to form an image of anything in one’s mind): fingere: effingere (to form): pingere: depingere: cogitare: animo cogitare:cogitatione sibi fingere: animo sibi effingere: animo concipere (to represent to one’s mind): animo præcipere (to conceive before or previously; to anticipate): opinione præcipere (to presume anything): || To become pregnant, concipere. gravidam or prægnantem fieri. || To form in the mind, concipere: to conceive hopes, spem concipere: to conceive suspicion from anything, suspicionem ex re ducere, trahere; incidit mihi suspicio ex re: to conceive a suspicion that etc., venit alicui in suspicionem, with accusative and infinitive: to conceive hatred against anybody, odium in aliquem habere or gerere: odio in aliquem ferri: odium in aliquem concepisse or erga aliquem suscepisse: tenet aliquem odium alicujus rei. qs alicujus rei odium habet: I have conceived a disgust against anything, fastidire aliquid; satietas alicujus rei me cepit. || To plot:machinari (to design): excogitate (to contrive): comminisci (to invent): coquere: concoquere (to brood, or to hatch).
CONCENT, concentus (also figuratively = harmony).
CONCENTRATE, colligere: cogere: in unum conferre, contrahere: to concentrate troops, copias in unum contrahere or in unum locum contrahere (Cæsar) or cogere (Cicero): to concentrate one’s thoughts, cogitationes suas ad unam rem dirigere (after Cicero, Acad., 2, 20, 66): mentem advertere ad unam rem: continere mentem ac cogitationem,ne vagetur (after Cicero). to be concentrated (of troops), inter se coire (Cæsar, Lividus).
CONCENTRIC, CONCENTRICAL, *commune centrum habens.
CONCEPTION. || Act of conceiving (both of women and animals), conceptio: conceptus, -ûs. || Act or power of comprehending, intelligentia (the faculty of comprehending or understanding anything, the understanding: intellectus, post-Augustan): vis percipiendi (the faculty or power of comprehending any object presented to the mind.): not to be above the conception of ordinary men, intelligentia a vulgari non remotum esse:not to be above his pupils’ powers of conception, ab intelligentia discentium non remotum esse: to be beyond our conception, fugere intelligentiæ nostræ vim: to sharpen one’s powers of conception, ingenium or intelligendi prudentiam acuere: adapted to anybody’s powers of conception, ad alicujus intelligentiam accommodatus: to develope a dark or confused conception, obscuram intelligentiam enodare; animi complicatam notionem evolvere. || Notion, idea, notio (the notion which one attaches to anything; hence also the signification or meaning of a word): informatio (the image of anything that one forms in one’s mind), species, idea (the mental intuition of an object, ὶδἐα, mostly translated by species in Cicero, e.g., Topica, 7, in: and Disputationes Tusculanae, 1, 24, 56): general conceptions, notitiæ rerum: dark or obscure conceptions, intelligentiæ obscurae, adumbratæ, inchoatæ; cognitio indagationis indigens: confused conceptions, animi complicatæ notiones: to form a conception of anything, aliquid mente formare or fingere; aliquid animo effingere; alicujus rei notionem mente fingere; informare in animo alicujus rei notionem; notionem alicujus rei animo concipere: to form some obscure conceptions, adumbratas concipere intelligentias animo menteque: to have a clear and definite conception of anything, satis firme conceptual animo comprehensumque habere aliquid; probe or plane intelligere, perspectum habere aliquid: to have no conception of anything, notionem alicujus rei nullam habere; aliquid ignorare. CONCERN, v., || to interest, aliquid mea interest (something interests me): aliquid ad me pertinet (relates to or affects me). || To concern (= interest) one’s self about, aliquid ad me pertinere puto: aliquid mihi curæ or cordi (not curæ cordique) est: aliquid foveo (I interest myself for anything, or promote it; e.g., artes): I am concerned (= interested) for anybody; i.e., endeavor to promote his cause, etc., cupio alicujus causa (vid. Cicero, ad Div. 13, 64, 1; Roscius, Am., 51, 149): alicui studeo: alicujus sum studiosus:alicui faveo (I interest myself in his favor): alicui tribuo (I interest myself for him in an active manner, or take an active part in his interest; vid. Corte, Cicero, ad Div. 13, 9, 2).
Cf. All in the sense of concerning one’s self about anything, or the interests of anybody: incumbere in or ad aliquid (to apply one’s self to anything with diligence): anniti de aliqua re or ad aliquid faciendum, eniti, ut etc. (to take pains about anything): commendatum sibi habere aliquid (to take charge of anything, to commend it to one’s self): to concern one’s self very much about anything, incumbere toto animo et studio omni in aliquid; summo studio administrare aliquid; imprimis mihi aliquid curæ est; egregia est alicujus industria in aliqua re; eniti et contendere, quam maxime possis, ut etc.: omni ope anniti, ut etc.: to concern one’s self (or to care) about nothing so much, as etc., nihil antiquius or prius habere, quam etc., nihil antiquius alicui est aliqua re. || To come under one’s province, to regard, etc., pertinere ad etc. (to concern): attinere ad, etc. (to belong to, to regard anybody): spectare aliquid or ad aliquid (to tend towards): attingere aliquem (to refer to anybody. Cf. Not pertingere; vid. Ochsner, Cicero, Ec., p. 260): It concerns a certain matter, agitur res or de aliqua re (it regards anything, i.e., anything is at stake); e.g., liberty, libertas or de libertate.It concerns me, hoc ad me (sc. pertinet); hoc mea refert (that concerns me): res mea agitur (it regards my cause = me): concerning or regarding, however, etc., i.e., such or such a thing (in continuing a discourse), jam or autem (vid. Hotting., Cicero, Ecl., p. 65); quod ad me attinet (with regard to myself, in which case quod pertinet ad me would be quite erroneous; vid. Herzog, Cæsar B. G., 5, 25): It concerns you, res tua agitur; res ad te spectat; de te fabula narratur (= we are speaking of you, or by any similar phrase): what does it concern me? quid ad me? quid mihi cum illa re? what concerns us more? quod magis ad nos pertinet (Horatius, Sat., 2, 6, 73)? || To be concerned (= disturbed), in sollicitudine esse; sollicitudine or ægritudine affectum esse: to be concerned about anything, aliquid ægre ferre: (much) alicujus rei sollicitudine vel maxime urgeri: I am much concernd about your bad state of health, incredibili sum sollicitudine de tua valetudine. CONCERN, CONCERNMENT, res: negotium (business): causa (lawsuit; then, any business one may have undertaken): cura (the care of any business, the administration, the office): sollicitudo (solicitude):anxietas (anxiety): an important concern, res major: a concern of little importance, res minuta or parva: this affair caused me some concern, sollicitus eram hac de re: nothing gave me more concern than etc., nihil me magis sollicitabat, quam etc.
CONCERNING, e.g., concerning me, quod attinet ad me; de me: a me; per me: Vid. also, CONCERN, v.
CONCERT, symphonia, or pure Latin, concentus (instrumental music): certamen musicum (as musical contest): a concecert given by an amateur, *symphoniacum excellentis artificis acroama: to give a concecert, *concentum edere: concordia vocum (in music, harmony, unison, accord, plural, homotoni). || Agreement, consensio: consensus:concordia (concord): collusio (secret understanding, Cicero, Verr., 3, 13, 33, with anybody, cum aliquo):with the enemy, clandestina cum hoste colloquia (Cicero, Cat., Maj: 12, 40): to act in secret concert with anybody, colludere cum aliquo (Cicero, Verr., 2, 24, 58): conspiratio (concord, agreement): consensus conspirans. || To be or to act in concert with, concinere; concordare; consentire;consentire atque concinere; conspirare; aliquo probante, consentiente, or alicujus auctoritate, consensu facere aliquid.
CONCERT, v. || To agree upon or to settle, constituere aliquid, with anybody, cum aliquo (to settle): To concert anything with anybody, mihi convenit aliquid cum aliquo (not convenio cum aliquo de aliqua, re): to concert (to fix upon) time and place, condicere tempus et locum: A concerted signal, signum, quod convenit . [Vid. To AGREE, To SETTLE.] || To deliberate, take into consideration, deliberare (to take into consideration):
deliberare or habere deliberationem (to deliberate): consulere or consultare (to take counsel): consilium inire or capere (to take counsel, de re): colloqui aliquid cum aliquo; mostly de re (to talk over with one): conferre aliquid: consilia conferre de re: communicare cum aliquo de re: agere or disceptare cum aliquo de re (to discuss what is to be done). To concert measures, quid agam, or agendum sit, consulere, etc.
CONCESSION, concessio (Cicero, Fragm. Orat. in Toga cand.): permissio (permission): concessus and permissus (in the ablative only): potestas: copia (the given or granted power).
CONCILIATE, || gain over: gain to one’s self, conciliare (aliquem; alicujus animum: to one’s self, sibi, also amorem sibi ab omnibus: alicujus voluntatem sibi: alicujus benevolentiam sibi): parare: comparare (general terms for procure). To conciliate the favor of men, by anything, aliqua re hominum (plebis, etc.) animos ad benevolentiam allicere: to conciliate the hearts in favor of anybody, animos (hominum, plebis, etc.) conciliare ad benevolentiam erga aliquem: the favor of the people, conciliare alicui favorem ad vulgus: to conciliate a person by money, aliquem pecunia conciliare.
CONCILIATION, conciliatio.
CONCILIATOR, conciliator alicujus rei (e.g., nuptiarum): (conciliatrix, feminine.)
CONCILIATORY, ad conciliandum aptus.
CONCISE, pressus (figuratively, of an author, orator, etc., and his manner of writing): brevis (short, likewise of an author, etc., and his thoughts, etc.): sententiis densus, creber (rich in thoughts): in angustum coactus (compressed into a small space).
CONCISELY, breviter (general term): paucis (sc. verbis): breviter (in a few words): strictim: carptim (only superficially, not at length, opposed to copiose); breviter strictimque. præcise (in few words, opposed to plene et perfecte): presse or pressius (briefly, but at the same time, exhausting the matter; e.g., definire): to speak concisely, breviter or paucis, or præcise dicere (opposed to copiose, plene et perfecte dicere): brevi præcidere; paucis or breviter scribere or perscribere: to develope one’s ideas, etc., concisely on a subject, breviter exponere or paucis absolvere aliquid; in pauca conferre aliquid; breviter astringere aliquid (to mention anything concisely; e.g., argumenta): very concisely, in verba conferam paucissima.
CONCISENESS, brevitas (in a speech): breviloquentia (Cicero, Gellius, 12, 2, 7): conciseness in speaking, brevitas dicendi (general term): celeritas dicendi (quickness in speaking): the emphatical conciseness (with regard to style) of Thucydides, *astricta brevitas Thucydidis: to study conciseness, brevitati servire; brevitatem adhibere, in anything, in aliqua re; brevitatem sequi in aliqua re (e.g., in explaining, in interpretando):the time itself compels me to study conciseness, breviloquentem me tempus ipsum facit: with conciseness, breviter; paucis (verbis) [vid. CONCISELY]: with the utmost possible conciseness, quam brevissime: to say every thing with the utmost conciseness, omnia breviter strictimque (not in transcursu) dicere.
CONCLAMATION, conclamatio. Vid. the verb CONCLAMARE under To CALL.
CONCLAVE, || Place for the election of the pope, *conclave. || The cardinals assembled there, *patres purpurati. CONCLUDE, || End, concludere (e.g., a letter): finire (to end): finem facere alicujus or alicui rei: finem alicui rei imponere, constituere (to put an end to): to conclude his speech, finem dicendi facere; perorare: ad finem or ad exitum adducere aliquid (to bring anything to a conclusion = to accomplish it): conficere, transigere aliquid (to settle): componere aliquid (to conclude amicably): terminare aliquid (to put a limit to anything, with regard to place): finem or modum imponere alicui rei; finem statuere or constituere alicui rei (to put an end to anything, with regard to duration):to conclude a peace, pacem facere (not concludere): to conclude a business, expedire negotium (to settle it): profligare negotium (conclude it by a violent exertion). || To draw a conclusion, or to conclude from anything, concludere); cogere; efficere, colligere, from, ex aliqua re (to conclude from): hence one may conclude, or it can be concluded, ex quo effici cogique potest. || To determine, decide: statuere. constituere: apud animum statuere: decernere.
CONCLUSION, conclusio (the closing or finishing point, Cicero, ad Qu. Fr. 1, 1, 16: in extrema parte et conclusione muneris ac negotii tui): finis: exitus (the end, the ultimate result): extrema pars (the last part of a matter), clausula (the conclusion of a letter, or any writing, consisting of a few words only, or a single sentence): epilogus (ἐπίλογος), pure Latin, conclusio or peroratio (the conclusion of a speech according to rules, in so far as it constitutes a definite and ultimate part of it): at the conclusion of the speech, in extrema oratione (in the latter part; in fine orationis, quite at the end): a letter, in the conclusion of which etc., epistola, in qua, extrema etc.: in conclusion, ad extremum: to bring a thing to a conclusion, aliquid ad finem or ad exitum adducere: to come to the conclusion, ad finem venire: (with regard to a speech) perorare (vid. above peroratio): || Conclusion of a syllogism, conclusio (Cicero, Invent. 1, 29, 45, also with addition of rationis): ratiocinatio (the conclusion or proof deduced from the syllogism): an acute conclusion, acute conclusum: a hypothetical conclusion, connexum (Cicero, Fat., 7, 14): to draw a conclusion [vid. CONCLUDE]:the whole conclusion is wrong, tota conclusio jacet: is not this a logical conclusion? satisne hoc conclusum est? CONCLUSIVE, ad pervincendum idoneus: firmus ad probandum (fit or apt for proving, convincing; e.g., proof, argumentum): gravis (weighty, and thus also convincing, argumentum; cf. Cicero, Roscius, Com., 12, 36: argumentum gravissimum et firmissimum; i.e., the most conclusive proof): quod habet or facit momentum (the final or decisive point): ultimus (the last, which required nothing after it, prœlium, hora).
CONCOCT, || to digest, concoquere (TR. and INTR., properly; then figuratively both, to digest a matter, e.g., anything one has read, etc., as Seneca, Ep., 84, 6, and to submit to, or to bear anything or anybody, as in Cicero, ad Div., 9, 4, med; Livius, 4, 15). || To contrive or to plot, invenire: reperire (to find out, the former accidentally; the latter, after reflection): excogitare (to strike out by thinking, concoct): fingere: comminisci (to invent, to contrive, design): coquere: concoquere (to design, brood over, or hatch, as it were): machinari (to contrive cunningly): ementiri (to invent falsely): dolos nectere, producere (to cabal). Vid. CABAL.
CONCOCTION, concoctio.
CONCOMITANT, cum aliqua re junctus or alligatus (Cicero). Sometimes *quæ prioribus addenda sunt (additional): adjuvans (e.g., concomitant, = secondary, causes, causæ adjuvantes): aliquid subsequitur or consequitur aliquam rem.
CONCOMITANTLY, socialiter.
CONCORD, concordia: consensus: conspiratio et consensus (agreement, harmony in the disposition of mind): unanimitas (unanimity, fraternal concorde, fraterna, Livius, 40, 8): to establish concorde, concordiam constituere, facere: among etc., pacem et concordiam conciliare inter etc.: to re-establish concorde among others, alios rursus in pristinam concordiam reducere: to disturb the concorde that existed between several persons, concordiam aliquorum turbare or disjungere: also unanimos distinere (Livius 7, 21): to promote concorde, concordiæ consulere: to produce greater concorde, majorem (e.g., ordinum) concordiam facere:to live in the utmost concorde, mira concordia vivere (of consorts, Tacitus, Agr., 6, 1): with anybody, concordissime vivere cum aliquo. || Harmony, concentus: concordia vocum (in music, plural, homotoni, harmonies). IMPROPERLY, to stand or be in harmony, to accord, concinere: concordare; consentire; consentire atque concinere; conspirare: with anything, convenire alicui rei (e.g., sententiæ). || Grammatical Term, verborum constructio or structura, the former in Cicero = a skilful structure of a speech, but is found in later writers in the grammatical sense, construction): convenientia (the agreement).
CONCORDANCE, *index biblicus: *indices biblici (Bauer).
CONCORDANT, consentiens (agreeing in judgement and opinion): concors: unanimus (concordant, of one and the same disposition of mind; unanimus in prose, Livius, 7, 21):concinens (singing in harmony; then, as harmonizing, with regard to opinion; opposed to discrepans): conspirans (tropically, agreeing, as well in general, with regard to things, as in sentiment, of persons): consonus (harmonizing; opposed to absonus, absurdus): modulatus (properly measured according to time, as in music, in a speech, etc.). (the words are found in this connexion and order.) concors et congruens.
CONCORDAT, *concordatum; *pactio cum pontifice Romano facta.
CONCOURSE, concursus: concursatio: concursio (a meeting together, as act, in general; e.g., of the stars, stellarum: the frequent concourse of vowels, crebra concrusio vocalium): concursus (a coming into contact or clashing together, denoting a state, as well of bodily objects as of soldiers in combat, and in general, of fatal accidents calamitatum). Cf. conventus, in this meaning, is only met with in Seneca, N. Qu., 7, 12, 3 (conventus duarum stellarum); in Golden age it is = meeting (in concreto); i.e. assembly.
CONCRETE, v. concrescere: coire: coalescere (to grow together, to be united): coagmentari (to be joined or cemented together).
CONCRETE, adj., *concretus. a concrete notion, *notio concreta: *notio rei singularis.
CONCRETE, s., massa (general term): moles (great mass with regard as well to size as circumference, with the additional notion of ” too great” or huge, ill-shaped): permixtio (mixture, as action and thing).
CONCRETELY, re (opposed to cogitatione, Cicero, Tusc., 4, 11, 24).
CONCRETION, concretio (a growing together): permixtio (mixture, as thing): mixtura (the mixing, or thing mixed).
CONCUBINAGE, concubinatus: pellicatus (Cicero): to live in concubinage, in concubinatu esse (of a woman, Ulpius, Dig., 25, 7, in.): feminam habere in concubinatu (of the man, ib., §1).
CONCUBINE, concubina: mulier, quæ cum aliquo vivere consuevit: amica: amtcula (ἑταίρα, mistress: term of contempt, scortum, as Tacitus, Hist., 1, 13, 4: principale scortum): pellex (concubine of a married man): contubernalis (a female slave who cohabited with a slave, slaves not being allowed to contract a civil marriage).
CONCUPISCENCE, libido: libidines: corporis libidines:cupiditatis ardor or impetus. Vid. LUST.
CONCUR, || to concur (= agree) with, consentire: not to concur with, dissentire; dissidere; discrepare: to concur with anybody, consentire or congruere cum aliquo; idem sentire cum aliquo (assentiri alicui de aliqua re, Cicero, by no means adjicere alicui).|| To meet, convenire in unum locum (find themselves in the same place at the same time): (inter se) congruere (agree). (the words are found in this connexion and order.) convenire in unum locum atque inter se congruere (e.g., Cicero, Roscius, 22, 62; quum multæ causæ convenisse unum in locum atque inter se congruere videntur):if two consonants, vowels, concur, si binæ consonantes colliduntur (Quintilianus): *si binæ vocales inter se concurrunt (compare with Auctor ad Herennium, 4, 12, 18). || To forward or favor, alicui rei favere (e.g., illius honori favent omnia, every thing cconcurs towards his advancement).
CONCURRENCE, consensus: consensio: concentus:convenientia (agreement): general concurrence, consensus omnium or communis: omnium bonorum conspiratio (the concurrence of all patriots): with your concurrence, te consentiente, probante: without your concurrence, te adversante, renuente, nolente; injussu tuo: with the perfect concurrence of Catulus, summa Catuli voluntate. A concurrence of causes, causæ aliæ ex aliis aptæ. || Concourse, vid.
CONCURRENT, to have a concurrent jurisdiction, *jurisdictio utriusque est: *bujus rei potestas penes utrumque est.
Concurrent causes (= secondary causes), causæ adjuvantes (opposed to causæ proximæ).
CONCURRENTLY, una; simul; conjuncte.
CONCUSSION, concussus: collisus (post-Augustan).
CONDEMN, damnare or condemnare aliquem or aliquid (with either genitive of the crime, if that is mentioned, with or without nomine or crimine, or with de and ablative: thepunishment, however, is generally put in the genitive, seldom in the ablative, or with ad or in with accusative; vid. Zumpt, §446): to condemn anybody to death, aliquem capite or capitis damnare or condemnare; aliquem pœnæ capitalis damnare; aliquem morti addicere: to condemn anybody to eight-fold damages, aliquem octupli damnare: to condemn anybody to hard labour, aliquem damnare ad or in opus publicum: to condemn to pay the costs, damnare in expensas: to condemn anybody without trial, or unheard, aliquem indicta causa, damnare or condemnare. || Censure, non probare: improbare: reprobare (express disapprobation: opposed to probare: approbare): damnare: condemnare (condemn: also opposed to approbare): dissuadere aliquid or de re (dissuade from a project one condemns): reprehendere; vituperare (opposed to probare: laudare: SYN. in BLAME).(the words are found in this connexion and order.) reprehendere et exagitare aliquid. To condemn anything in passionate, or no measured, terms, aliquid vehementer reprehendere; valde vituperare: to condemn anybody for anything, reprehendere aliquem de aliqua re, or in aliqua re; vituperare aliquem de aliqua re; objurgare aliquem de aliqua re, or in aliqua re, or aliqua re; accusare aliquem de aliqua re or in aliqua re: to be condemned, reprehendi; vituperari; invituperationem venire or cadere or incidere or adduci; vituperationem subire: to be greatly condemned, in varias reprehensiones incurrere: to condemn one’s self, culpam or facinus in se admittere. Vid. BLAME, CENSURE.
CONDEMNABLE, damnandus: condemnandus: reprehendendus: vituperabilis: vituperandus: reprehensione or vituperatione dignus (blame-worthy. SYN. between reprehensione and vituperatione, under To BLAME). Not to be condemnable, a reprehensione abesse (not blamable): nihil in se habere, quod reprehendi possit (to be without fault).
CONDEMNATION, damnatio; condemnatio (post-Augustan): sentence of condamnation, damnatorium judicium: *sententia, qua aliquis capitis condemnatur (of death): to pronounce sentence of condamnation on anybody (i.e., of condamnation to death), capitis or capite damnare aliquem; capitis condemnare aliquem; supplicium constituere in aliquem. || Blame, censure, reprehensio (the censure which tends to correct a committed fault, or to exhort for the future: opposed to probatio): vituperatio (the censure which tends to extort a confession and produce repentance; opposed to laus): OBSERVE, vituperium is spurious Latin, introduced (Cicero, de Legg., 3, 10, 23) by ignorant copyists.
CONDEMNATORY, damnatorius: A condemnatory sentence, damnatorium judicium.
CONDENSATION, densatio. spissatio (Seneca, Ep., 86, 17): [condensatio, Cælius Aurelianus, Acutae Passiones, 3, 18, quite at the end: conspissatio, Theodorus Priscianus, 1, 18.]
CONDENSE, densare: condensare: spissare: conspissare (to make so dense, as hardly to admit of being penetrated): to be condensed, densari; condensari:spissari; conspissari: concrescere (properly, to grow together, to become one mass, coagulate; e.g., of milk, etc.):condensed air, aër densatus. || To compress matter (in a book). Vid. COMPRESS.
CONDESCEND, descendere, or sua voluntate descendere: to anything, ad aliquid (the proper word): se demittere: to anything, ad or in aliquid: se submittere; to anything, ad or in aliquid: dignari aliquid facere (not Cicero, but Catullus, Lucretius, Vergilius, Columella Suetonius, both positively and negatively). To condescend to play with young men, ad ludum adolescentium descendere (Cicero):to condescend to use all manner of entreaties, descendere in preces omnes: to make money by dealing in slaves, descendere ad mangonicos quæstus (Cicero): to condescend to use flattery, se demittere in adulationem: to servile endurance, se demittere usque ad servilem patientiam (Tacitus): to condescend to the abilities of one’s pupils, se submittere ad mensuram discentium (Quintilianus): in friendship, the superiors ought to condescend, qui superiores sunt summittere se debent in amicitia (Cicero): to condescend to the disgrace of pleading one’s cause as a criminal, summittere se in humilitatem causam dicentium (Livius): OBS. Sometimes “to condescend” may be translated under a change of form by dignum habere, ducere, judicare aliquem aliqua re: To condescend to invite anybody to dinner, aliquem dignum honore cœnæ habere: not to condescend even to look at anybody, *aliquem ne aspectu quidem dignum habere. CONDESCENDING, comis: humanus: affabilis (affable in conversation). OBS., civilis, in this sense, is not classical [vid. AFFABLE]: facilis: officiosus (ready to render a service, complaisant): to be condescending, se summittere (Cicero).
CONDESCENDINGLY, comiter; humane; humaniter; obsequenter; officiose.
CONDESCENSION, comitas (condescending manners): humanitas (prepossessing demeanor or manners):facilitas (obliging demeanor): obsequium (compliance).
CONDIGN, debitus: meritus (due, deserved): dignus (worthy): condignus (Plautus): condign punishment, debita or merita pœna.
CONDIMENT, condimentum (anything by which food is made palatable; then, also, figuratively; e.g., condimentum amicitiæ):aroma, atis, neuter (foreign spices, as cinnamon, ginger, etc.) Vid. SEASONING.
CONDISCIPLE, condiscipulus: to be anybody’s condisciple, una cum aliquo literas discere or præceptorem audire: feminine condiscipula (Martialis, 10, 35, 15).
CONDITION, || State, status: conditio (conditio is lasting, status transient): locus (the situation of a person or thing as brought about by circumstances; vid. Herzog, Cæsar, B. G., 2, 26): causa (any unusual, embarrassing condition, of which it is still uncertain how it may end): res (circumstances in the widest sense): a good or flourishing condition, bonus status: bona conditio: bonus locus: res bonæ, or secundæ or florentes: to be in the same or in a similar condition, in eodem loco esse; in eadem causa esse; eadem est mea causa: imagine yourself in my condition, eum te esse finge, qui ego sum: to find one’s self in a better condition, in meliore conditione or in meliore causa esse; meliore loco res meæ sunt: to be in a wretched condition, in summa infelicitate versari; pessimo loco esse: to be in a bad condition or state, deteriore statu esse: to keep anything in a good condition or state, aliquid integrum et incolume servare; aliquid tueri: to restore anything to its former condition, in pristinum restituere: in antiquum statum restituere (general term): in integrum restituere (especially in juridical matters): reficere:restituere (to mend): to remain in its condition, statum suum tenere (to remain as it was): integrum manere (to remain uninjured by another): a hopeless condition, res pessimæ, perditæ: in their desperate condition, in extremis suis rebus: my condition is not one of the best, res meæ sunt minus secundæ: Planius is in nearly the same
condition, eadem fere causa est Planii: to be in an embarrassing condition on account of anything, premi aliqua re (e.g., from want of corn, re frumentaria; vid. Möb., Cæsar, B. G., 1, 52, p: 96):nobody is satisfied with his own condition, suæ quemque fortunæ maxime pœnitet (Cicero, ad Div., 6, 1, in.): to drive anybody from his (advantageous) condition, loco suo or gradu movere; statu suo or gradu dejicere: the condition of affairs, rerum status: the condition of affairs is entirely changed, magna facta est rerum commutatio; versa sunt omnia:the unfavorable condition of affairs, iniquitas rerum or temporum: according to the condition of affairs (circumstances), pro re; pro re nata; pro rei conditione or statu; ut res se habet; ut res fert. || Rank, position in society, vitæ genus (general term): conditio (with regard to occupation, e.g., infimi generis conditio atque fortuna, Cicero): ars (art, profession): to choose one’s condition in life, vitæ genus deligere or suscipere. || Natural disposition, indoles, natura, naturæ habitus (innate capacities). || Stipulation, conditio: lex (the prescribed rule or clause contained in a contract): pactum: conventum (the agreement or compact itself): conventus, us (Auctor ad Herennium, 2, 13, extr.): exceptio (the exception, limitation:the condition of excluding anything): adjunctio (a restricting clause, Cicero, de Invent., 2, 57, 171): causa (as philosophical technical term, the condition as that by which anything becomes comprehensible or possible; as Plinius, Ep., 5, 5, 4: qui voluptatibus deditiquasi in diem vivunt, vivendi causas quotidie finiunt): conditions (= terms): to offer or propose conditions, conrlitiones ferre, proponere; leges proponere: to establish, to fix conditions, conrlitiones statuere, constituere: to prescribe conditions to anybody, conditiones ferre, dicere alicui; astringere aliquem conditionibus: to accept the conditions, conditiones accipere, recipere; ad conditiones accedere; ad conditiones venire (to come to terms) or descendere (to submit to them): not to accept the conditions, to reject the conditions, conditiones recusare, repudiare, respuere, aspernari, rejicere: to observe the conditions, in conditione manere; conditionibus stare; conventis stare: not to observe the conditions, conditiones omittere:on this condition, ea conditione; sub ea conditione; cum conditione; ea lege; his conditionibus; his legibus: on condition that etc., (sub) ea conditione, ut or ne etc. cum eo, ut etc.; ita…ut or si; sic…si etc. (only in so far as or if): to make peace on the following conditions, pacem facere (constituere) his conditionibus (legibus): the peace was established on the following conditions, pax in eas conditiones convenit: that he would not come on any other condition, alia ratione se esse non venturum (Cæsar, B. G., 1, 42, Herzog).
CONDITION, v. || To provide with a condition, circumscribere.|| To stipulate, pacisci: depacisci: aliquid convenit alicui cum aliquo or inter aliquos (to agree with anybody about anything or among one another): sibi depacisci (to reserve to one’s self, to condition for one’s self): sibi excipere (to exempt one’s self): stipulari (to cause formally to be promised to one’s self).
CONDITIONAL, conditionalis (accompanied or clogged by conditions, legal, technical term, post-Augustan): conjuncte elatus (asserted hypothetically; opposed to simpliciter elatus, categorically, Cicero, De Or., 1, 38, 158; only later writers have hypotheticus): conditional necessities, quædam cum adjunctione necessitudines (opposed to quædam simplices et absolutæ; i.e., without any conditional clause, Cicero, Invent., 2, 57, 171): to receive conditional praise, cum exceptione laudari.
CONDITIONALLY, cum exceptione: cum adjunctione (with a subjoined limitation or restriction, Cicero, Invent., 2, 57,171): conjuncte (hypothetically; opposed to simpliciter, categorically, Cicero, De Or., 1, 38, 158): to be praised conditionally, cum exceptione laudari (Cicero): to affirm anything conditionally, conjuncte aliquid efferre et adjungere alia.
CONDITIONED, affectus (bodily or mentally constituted in such or such a manner; e.g., well, bene, probe; badly, male): constitutus (arranged in such or such a manner; e.g., well, bene; badly, male): comparatus (in such or such condition or slate, generally in conjunction; e.g., sic comparatum esse, ut etc.): well-conditioned, bene moratus (well-disposed, mannerly: of persons only).
CONDOLE (with anybody), casum luctumque alicujus dolere:alicujus vicem dolere: coram suum dolorem alicui declarare. Sometimes miserari: commiserari: deplorare: deflere.
CONDOLENCE, doloris sui coram declaratio (after Sulpic., in Cicero, Ep., 4, 5, in.): a letter of condolence, literæ consolatoriæ.
CONDUCE, conferre ad aliquid: valere or vim habere ad aliquid (to have influence upon anything): prodesse or adjuvare ad aliquid (to be of use towards effecting an object: the latter also with ut): facere or efficere (to effect; with ut): To conduce much, more, to anything, magnum momentum, plus momenti afferre: this so far conduces to it, that etc., aliquid hoc momenti facit, ut etc. it conduces much to his glory, that etc., magni interest ad laudem, with accusative and infinitive.
CONDUCIVE, utilis (useful; conducibilis is unknown to good prose): saluber: salutaris (salutary, the latter also with ad aliquid): efficax (efficacious): commodus: accommodatus:aptus (convenient, fit): For “to be conductive” vid. CONDUCE.
CONDUCT, ratio (behavior in general): mores (manners, outward demeanor): vita (manner of living): *ratio, qua aliquis utitur adversus aliquem (conduct with regard to others): modest, composed, moral conduct, modestia:becoming, gentle conduct, in intercourse, humanitas: condescending conduct (especially towards an inferior), comitas: kind conduct, liberalitas: prepossessing, polite conduct toward others, observantia: prudent conduct, prudentia: proud conduct, superbia:insolent, haughty conduct, insolentia: wild, rough conduct, ferocitas (as characteristic feature): indecent conduct, impudentia:illegal conduct, intemperantia. || Escort, vid. || Administration, ductio: ductus (command): administratio (administration): cura (superintendence, management: alicujus rei): gubernatio: moderatio (government, the conducting of state affairs, rei publicæ): gestio (the managing; e.g., negotii): curatio: procuratio (management, a taking care of anything): to commit the conduct of anything to anybody, alicui aliquid curandum tradere; curam alicujus rei alicui demandare:under anybody’s conduct, aliquo duce; alicujus ductu (of an army): to commit the conduct of a war to anybody, ducem aliquem creare bello gerendo. || Safe-conduct, vid.
CONDUCT, v. || lead, ducere: agere (general term to put in motion): manu ducere (lead by the hand). || To lead, when the place, whither, through which, etc., is indicated, ducere: abducere (to conduct away): deducere (to conduct down, from a place or away to some place): educere (to conduct out), from a place, land, ex, etc., or to some place, in, etc. (e.g., the troop into the battle): adducere ad or in (to conduct along with one’s self to a place; then, in general, to lead, conduct, convey to someplace): perducere ad or in (to conduct to the place of its destination): inducere in etc. (to conduct into; e.g., troops into battle): producere ad or in etc. (to conduct forth, to lead out to a place; e.g., cattle out of the town, jumenta, equos, etc.): to conduct through a forest, traducere silvam: to conduct anybody to any person, aliquem deducere ad aliquem (for the sake of cultivating his acquaintance, cf. Cicero, Læl., 1,1); aliquem perducere ad aliquem (a prisoner, in order to deliver him up to anybody, vid. Cæsar., B. G., 7, 13); aliquem introducere ad aliquem (from the ante-chamber, etc., into anybody’s room for audience, vid. Curtius, 6, 7, 17):to conduct anybody home, ducere domum (general term of a leader or companion): deducere domum (especially from the forum, on the part of the clients or a multitude): to conduct to prison, to the scaffold, to death, ducere in carcerem (in vincula), ad mortem;in both cases also ducere only (vid. Cicero, Verr., 2, 12, quite at the end. Suetonius,Calig., p. 27, in.): to conduct into the right path, ducere in viam: (again) reducere in viam; erranti alicui monstrare viam (both properly and figuratively). INTR., a road conducts to some place, via fert aliquo (i.e., leads to any place): via ducit aliquo (leads to a place; e.g., safely): my feet conduct me involuntarily to your chamber, ad diætam tuam ipsi me pedes ducunt (Plinius, Ep., 7, 5): the roads, the footsteps conduct to a place, itinera, vestigia ferunt aliquo. [Vid. LEAD.] || To administer, aliquid administrare, gerere (e.g., war; vid. WAR): aliquid regere (to direct anything): alicui rei præesse (to superintend anything): aliquid procurare (for another in his absence): to conduct the domestic affairs, domum regere: domesticam agere curam (in general), res domesticas dispensare (with regard to receipts and expenditure): to conduct a government, rem publicam administrare; summæ rerum præesse: to conduct anybody’s cause, causam alicujus defendere, orare, perorare; alicujus patronum esse: to conduct the affairs of a province, provinciam administrare; provinciæ præesse; provinciam procurare (in the name of the Roman emperor). || To attend, comitari aliquem or aliquid: comitem alicujus esse, comitem se alicui dare, præbere, adjungere (general term to accompany anybody): inter comites alicujus aspici (to be in anybody’s retinue): prosequi aliquem or aliquid (to attend or conduct solemnly, i.e., home, on a journey, etc.,): deducere (to conduct, as a demonstration of respect; e.g., a patron by his client, a young Roman
by his relations and friends to the capitolium, for the sake of relinquishing his tirocinium; a magistrate, when setting out for the province; a bride to the house of her consort): to conduct anybody home, prosequi, deducere aliquem domum:to be conducted by a crowd, stipari (e.g., by an unusually numerous multitude, non usitata frequentia). || To attend anybody as his escort, præsidio esse alicui: custodiæ esse alicui (to conduct anybody for the sake of protection, or as escort): to cause a person to be conducted to any place under a safe escort, præsidio dato or cum custodibus aliquem mittere aliquo. CONDUCTOR, dux (leader): princeps (who does anything first, and is followed by others). (the words are found in this connexion and order.) dux et princeps: ductor (the experienced leader, general; in a solemn discourse, not in simple prose): rector: moderator:gubernator (the governor, especially of the state, reipublicæ; vid. To CONDUCT): qui præest alicui rei (superintendent): princeps alicujus rei (leader of anything): auctor (the leader or president).
CONDUIT, ductus (a leading, conducting): tubus (a hollow cylindrical body, also in aqueducts; and in the latter case usually of wood or clay): fistula (a narrower tube, especially in aqueducts, through which the water is propelled by the pressure of the air, or spontaneously by its own pressure; usually of lead): canalis (any pipe-like spout, gutter, canal): cuniculus (properly, a mine or a subterraneous passage; hence any tube or pipe; e.g., of an oven, fornacis; Plinius, 9, 38, 62).
CONE, (in geometry), conus: the axis of a cone, *axis coni: in the form of a cone, *cono similis, *conicus (κωνικός); conoides (κωνοειδής); in coni formam redactus: a tower in the form of a cone, *turris in coni modum excitata (after Curtius, 8, 11, 6): a hill in the form of a cone, collis in coni modum erectus (after Curtius, etc.); collis in modum coni fastigatus (after Livius, 37, 27): the apex of a cone, acumen coni (Lucretius, 4, 432).
CONIC, CONICAL,A conic line, *linea conica: A conic section, *sectio conica: Vid. CONE.
CONFABULATE, fabulari: confabulari: fabulari inter se: sermones cædere (λόγους κόπτειν, to carry on a cheerful and confidential conversation for amusement rather than instruction, especially in the comic writers): to chat with anybody (secretly), fabulari or confabulari cum aliquo (cum aliquo fabulor insusurrans ac præbens invicem aurem (Suetonius, Cal., 22): garrire (to chat, gossip): blaterare (to chat without ceasing, also to say much about trifling matters): hariolari (to speak incoherently, to talk nonsense): alucinari (to speak without thought or premeditation): nugari (to talk absurdly or to say absurd and ridiculous things; all mostly TR. with accusative).
CONFABULATION, sermo: sermones (conversation of two or several persons in general): fabulæ (mere talk, which is founded on no facts): ineptiæ (absurd, silly talk):confabulatio (the confidential talking or conversation between two or among several persons: the two last ones in later writers only).
CONFECT, condire (fruit, etc.). Vid. PRESERVE.
CONFECTION, dulcia, ium, or dulciola, plural, (Appuleius, Met., 4, p 115, 12): bellaria (sweetmeats); also mensa secunda (dessert): cuppedia (general term for any dainty morsel: comic poets and late).
CONFECTIONER, perhaps pistor dulciarius (in later writers); cuppedinarius or cuppediarius (comic poets and in later writers): confectioner’s shop, taberna cuppedinaria (after Symmachus, Ep., 8, 19, who has forum enppedinarium).
CONFECTIONERY, *merces cuppediarum (after Plinius, 6, 28, 32, where we also find merces odorum).
CONFEDERACY, fœdus (a public treaty, confirmed by the authority of the government; at Rome, by that of the Senate and the people): sponsio (between the chiefs of the hostile armies without being ratified by the Senate and people of the belligerent parties; vid. Livius, 9, 5, in. non fœdere pax Caudina, sed per sponsionem facta est):to enter into a confederacy with anybody, fœdus cum aliquo facere, icere, ferire, percutere; fœdus jungere cum aliquo; fœdere jungi alicui; fœdus inire cum aliquo: I am in a confederacy with anybody, mihi cum aliquo fœdus est ictum: to receive anybody into a confederacy, aliquem fœderi ascribere: to observe the terms of a confederacy, fœdus servare; fœdere stare; in fide manere: not to observe it, fœdus negligere: to break the terms of a confederacy, fœdus violare, rumpere, frangere; (the words are found in this connexion and order.) fœdus violare frangereque.
CONFEDERATE, vid. CONFEDERACY.
CONFER, INTR., To discourse with, rem conferre inter se (to confer with anybody about anything): colloqui aliquid cum aliquo, mostly colloqui de re (vid. commentators on Nepos, Them. 9, 4): conferre aliquid: consilia conferre de re: communicare cum aliquo de re (to communicate anything): coram conferre aliquid: agere de aliqua re or with ut (to speak about anything), with anybody, cum aliquo: loqui cum aliquo (to talk with anybody): colloqui cum aliquo (to talk with anybody, especially to settle anything): habere sermones de aliqua re (to discourse about anything): consiliari; in consilium inire (to take counsel together: the latter of judges): deliberare or habere deliberationem (to enter into a deliberation): consulere or consultare (to ask anybody’s advice) deliberare or consultare cum aliquo; aliquem adhibere in consilium or ad deliberationes: to confer with one another, consilia inter se communicare. TRANS., to contribute, conferre ad aliquid (to co-operate, i.e., to contribute one’s share): vim habere, valere ad aliquid (to exercise an influence upon anything). || To compare, comparare or conferre inter se.|| To bestow upon, dare, tribuere (to give, to allot): donare alicui aliquid or aliquem aliqua re (to present with; all of persons only): afferre (of things only, as Cicero, N. D., 2, 60, 151: quadrupedum celeritas et vis nobis ipsis affert celeritatem et vim): to confer a benefit upon anybody, beneficium in aliquem conferre: to confer an office upon anybody, munus alicui deferre, mandare; assignare:
Cf. deferre signifies ” to confer on anybody else what another has hitherto managed or possessed.” e.g., ad aliquem summam imperii, to confer upon anybody the chief command: regnum ac diadema uni, Horatius, Carm: 2, 2, 22): to confer advantage or pleasure, utilitatem or voluptatem afferre: to confer a title on anybody, titulum imponere alicui: to confer a benefit, obligation, favor, etc. Vid. those substantives.
CONFERENCE, consultatio: deliberate (consultation): colloquium (conversation, interview): to hold a conference, [vid. To CONFER]: secret conferences, consilia arcana: κυρικιμασαηικοto have or hold private conferences, secreto colloqui: to attend secret conferences, consiliis arcanis interesse: to have a conference about anything, rem conferre inter se. || Comparison: Vid.
CONFESS, fateri (general term and presumes that one is asked): confiteri: profiteri (confiteri signifies to confess what one can not conceal any longer; e.g., a crime, a fault, etc.; profiteri, to confess of one’s own accord, to disclose without fear, etc., hence frequently combined with præ se ferre: Cf. Cicero, Cæcin: 9, 24: confitetur, atque ita libenter confitetur, ut non solum fateri, sed etiam profiteri videatur. Rab. Perd., 5, 17. fateor, atque etiam profiteor, et præ me fero): not to confess, celare(to conceal); negare(to deny); infitias ire: infitiari (to deny a fact): to confess freely, openly, sincerely, aperte, ingenue, aperte et ingenue confiteri; libere profiteri: to confess to a priest, “peccata sua sacerdoti confiteri; *peccatorum suorum confessionem ad sacrorum interpretem deferre: to confess Christ, *Christum sequi; *doctrinam Christianam profiteri: It is confessed, constat; omnes sciunt, nemo ignorat; inter omnes constat.
CONFESSEDLY, aperte. Often by circumlocution.He is confessedly a good man, inter omnes eum virum probum esse constat.
CONFESSION, confessio: professio [vid. To CONFESS].To bring anybody to a confession of anything, aliquem adducere ad confessionem alicujus rei (by persuasion): alicui exprimere confessionem alicujus rei, or exprimere, ut aliquis confiteatur aliquid (by coercive or compulsory means): to extort a confession from anybody, exprimere or extorquere, ut fateatur, etc.; cogere, ut confiteatur or ut concedat (to compel anybody to confess, whether a matter be such or such; vid. Cicero, Tusc., 1, 7, 14, and 1, 8, 15 and 16). || Confession, in ecclesiastical sense: *confessio peccatorum: “mysterium sacrum confessionis peccatorum (as a holy act): *ministerium peccatorum cum Deo conciliandorum (as duty of the priest):to go to confession, *obire confessionis mysterium sacrum: to hear confessions, *confitentibus operam dare: the form of confession, confessionis (peccatorum) formula.
CONFESSIONAL, *sella audiendis confessionibus.
CONFESSOR, *sacerdos a confessionibus; *veniæ divinæ interpres (the priest, who shrives): Anybody’s confessor, *sacerdos qui est alicui a confessionibus (Sciopp.): *arbiter conscientiæ (Pontan.): *qui animum alicujus regit et moderatur: to have anybody as one’s confessor, *uti aliquo veniæ divinæ interprete: confession of the Christian faith, *qui Christum sequitur.
CONFIDANT, familiaris: intimus (as friend; vid. INTIMATE): consiliorum particeps or socius (as counsellor): conscius (who is privy to anything): He is the confidant of the king, rex ei omnia consilia credit: he is my confidant in all my plans, conjunctissimus est mecum consiliorum meorum societate: to become the confidant of anybody, in familiaritatem alicujus venire: to make anybody one’s confidant, aliquem in familiaritatem
recipere; sibi conjungere aliquem familiari amicitia: to have anybody as a confidant, aliquo familiariter or intime uti: to be the confidant of anybody, in familiaritate alicujus versari.
CONFIDE, fidere or confidere alicui or alicui rei or aliqua re (to place one’s confidence in anybody or anything): fretum esse aliquo or aliqua re (to trust in, depend upon): niti aliqua re (to rely upon): fiduciam habere alicujus rei (to have confidence in anything): credere: fidem habere or tribuere or adjungere (to put faith in; all four without distinction; vid. Cicero, de Divin: 2, 55, 113: 2, 59, 122): not to confide in anybody, alicui parum fidere; alicui fidem non habere; alicui parvam fidem habere:not to confide at all in anybody, alicui diffidere:
Confiding in, fretus aliqua re; nixus aliqua re (trusting in anything, relying on it): ferox aliqua re (confiding presumptuously; e.g., ea, parte virium):|| To intrust, credere, concredere: commendare et concredere:committere: permittere (to leave to anybody): mandare: demandare(to give to anybody to keep, or in charge): deponere aliquid apud aliquem (to give anything to anybody in trust): to confide anything to the faith of anybody, fidei alicujus aliquid committere or permittere; tradere in alicujus fidem aliquid: to confide one’s plans to anybody, consilia sua alicui credere: one’s secrets, occulta sua alicui credere: one’s life, vitam suam alicui credere or committere: to confide one’s self to anybody’s protection, se permittere, committere, tradere in alicujus fidem: to confide every thing to anybody, summam fidem rerum omnium alicui habere: to confide several boys to the care of one master, unius magistri curæ plures pueros demandare: to confide one’s honour to anybody, existimationem suam committere alicui: to confide in anybody’s secrecy, taciturnitati alicujus aliquid concredere: to confide an office, command, etc., to anybody, munus, imperium alicui dare or mandare: to confide a town to anybody (in order to defend it), *urbem alicui tuendam dare: a person to whom one confides all one’s secrets, secretorum omnium arbiter: a person to whom one may confide anything, or in whom one may entirely confide, homo certus or fidus: a person who confides too easily in others, incautior fidei sestimator.
CONFIDENCE, fiducia: fides (faith in anybody’s integrity): spes firma or certa (firm hope): confidence in one’s self, fiducia (sui): fidentia (self-confidence, boldness): confidentia (a blind trust, especially in one’s own strength): audacia: (boldness):to have or place confidence in anybody, fidere or confidere alicui and alicui rei; fretum esse aliquo or aliqua re (to rely upon anything):fiduciam habere alicujus rei (to have confidence in anything): to have confidence in one’s self, fiduciam in se collocare: to place too much confidence in one’s self, nimis confidere: to place one’s whole confidence in anybody, se totum alicui committere; omnia consilia alicui credere: to have no confidence in a person, alicui diffidere: to tell anything to anybody in confidence, alicui aliquid secreto dicere: I tell you this in confidence, boc tibi soli dictum puta: hoc in aurem tibi dixerim; hoc lapidi dixerim; secreto hoc audi tecumque habeto; arcano tibi ego hoc dixi (sub rosa tibi hoc dixerim, not Latin):I wish to say a word or two to you in confidence, tribus verbis te volo: from confidence in myself, yourself, fiducia mea, tua.From confidence in anything, aliqua re fretus (objectively; as being protected by it) or confisus (subjectively, as trusting in it, and so making one’s self easy, Döderlein’s Synonyms): to feel some confidence that etc., fiduciam habere with accusative and infinitive to have confidence in one’s self, sibi confidere (great confidence), multum in se fiduciæ certa cum spe collocare: to have great confidence in anybody, multum alicui tribuere (to think much of anybody): to inspire confidence, fiduciam facere: to lose the confidence of others, fidem aliorum amittere: he places so much confidence in me, as to believe that I shall do nothing, etc., fides apud hunc est me nihil facturum, etc.: to gain the confidence of men, hominum animos sibi conciliare: full confidence, firma animi confisio: with confidence, fidenter: fidenti animo (confidently): to speak with confidence, confidenter or asseveranter loqui: to assert with confidence, asseverare aliquid or de aliqua re; pro certo affirmare aliquid: full of confidence, fiduciæ plenus.
CONFIDENT, fidens (confiding): confidens (with confidence, daring): to make anybody confident, alicui fiduciam afferre.He feels confident that I shall do nothing, etc., fides apud hunc est, me nihil facturum, etc.: I feel confident, or entertain confident hope, certam spem habeo; magnam fiduciam habeo: a confident witness, testis certus or locuples. || Bold, confidens (confiding in one’s self; in classic prose in a bad sense only; e.g., bold, impudent): impavidus: intrepidus (without trembling, not pusillanimous): protervus (pert, almost impudent): a confident face, os ferreum (in a bad sense): audax (bold, in a good and bad sense. audens is post-Augustan).
CONFIDENTLY, adverb, fidenter; confidenter; fidenti animo: impavide; intrepide; certe; sine dubio. Vid. more phrases under CONFIDENCE, CONFIDENT.
CONFIGURATION, || In astrology, positura stellarum (Gellius, 14, 1): positus ac spatia siderum (Tacitus, Ann: 6, 21, 3). || External form, forma externa.species (the external look).
CONFINE, adj., finitimus. confinis (having a common border or confines): propinquus (general term, near, all with dative): conjunctus alicui loco: continens alicui loco or cum aliquo loco (to be adjacent).
CONFINE, INTR., to border upon; finitimum, vicinum, confinem alicui esse (especially of nations who dwell on the confines): adjacere, imminere alicui terræ; tangere, attingere, contingere terram (especially of lands that border upon one another).
CONFINE, TR. || to limit by boundaries, finire: definire (to mark the limits or boundaries): terminare:determinare: terminationibus finire (to determine the limits beyond which one ought not to pass; not to transgress): includere (to shut in or enclose; e.g., of one district inclosing another, and so forming its boundaries): cancellis circumscribere (improperly, to confine): to be confined by, finiri aliqua re (to be bordered; e.g., by a promontory): attingi, contingi aliqua, re (to be bordered by, or to be contiguous; e.g., of a land): contineri aliqua, re (to be surrounded; e.g., by a river): impediri aliqua re (to be obstructed by anything; e.g., the view by a mountain). || To imprison, to lock up, aliquem in custodiam includere:includere: concludere: in custodiam (or in vincula) mittere, tradere, condere, conjicere; in custodiam (or in carcerem) dare, includere; custodiæ or vinculis mandare; in carcerem conjicere, detrudere; in ergastulum mittere: to confine for life, vinculis æternis mandare: to be confined in prison, in custodia esse or servari; custodia teneri; in carcere or in vinculis esse. || To restrain, terminis or cancellis circumscribere: finire:definire: terminis circumscribere et definire: also circumscribere only (to surround with boundaries, as it were): finire: definire (to keep between certain boundaries): coercere (to keep within proper limits, to curb or bridle): to confine a thing within its proper limits, aliquid intra terminos coercere: to confine one’s empire within its ancient limits, antiquis terminis regnum finire: to be confined within their own narrow limits, suis finibus exiguis contineri: to confine a thing within a narrow sphere, in exiguum angustumque concludere (e.g., friendship, Cicero, Off., 1, 17, 53, Beier): to confine the view, definire aspectum (Cicero):to confine the orator within narrow limits, oratorem in exiguum gyrum compellere (Cicero, De Or., 3, 19, 70): to confine one’s speech, orationem finire or in angustias compellere (opposed to oratio exsultare potest): to be confined for time, temporis angustiis includi: to confine one’s self, certos fines terminosque constituere sibi, extra quos egredi non possis: to confine one’s self to anything, se continere re or in re (of things and persons): to be confined, certarum rerum cancellis circumscriptum esse. [Vid. RESTRAIN.]To be confined to one’s bed, lecto detineri or teneri:lecto affixum esse, e lecto surgere nequeo (from illness):|| To be confined (i.e., in child-bed), puerperio cubare.
CONFINEMENT, inclusio (act of inclosing): circumscriptio (limitation): cohibitio (act of restraining late: iræ, Lactant.): coercitio (act of coercing, Livius, Seneca). || Imprisonment, in custodia inclusio: captivitas (captivity): to be in confinement, in custodia haberi or servari; custodia teneri or retineri: to keep anybody in close confinement, aliquem clauso conclavi servare, aliquem clausum asservare: to release anybody from confinement, aliquem e custodia emittere: to deliver from confinement (by force), aliquem e custodia eripere: not to bear confinement to the house, durare in ædibus non posse. || Child-bed, puerperium: to die in one’s confinement, ex partu perire (after Suetonius, Calig., 12).
CONFINES, fines (plural of finis, the limit of a thing as the end of its extension; in the plural, as above, the boiders of a land, and the land itself): terminus (the land-mark; then, figuratively, like finis, the point beyond which anything is not allowed to pass, with this difference, that terminus indicates the exact point, finis is more general; therefore fines et termini; fines et quasi termini, never the reverse):to live on the confines of two countries, finem sub utrumque habitare (Horatius, Sat: 2, 1, 35): to determine the confines, fines terminare; fines constituere.
CONFIRM, || make or declare valid, sancire
(e.g., augurem, the choice of an augur; pactum, legem, etc.): alicujus rei auctorem fieri (to approve of and receive: e.g., of a law, legis; said of the Senate): ratum facere or efficere: ratum esse jubere (to declare something that has taken place, valid, etc.):|| Strengthen by arguments or witnesses, confirmare, with or without rationibus or argumentis: probare: comprobare (to declare to others as true, valid or fit): by anything, aliqua re: by examples, exemplis comprobare: firmare, affirmare: confirmare (to confirm the truth of anything): fidem alicui rei addere (to add confirmation or faith to anything): to confirm the truth of a saying, that etc., facere, ut vere dictum videatur, etc. (vid. Nepos, Attic., 11, 6): the result, the issue of the matter has confirmed it, exitus docuit: to confirm by one’s testimony, testimonio confirmare: to confirm by one’s oath, jurejurando obstringere (to asseverate with an oath, Tacitus, Ann., 4, 31, 3): to confirm by oath, jurejurando firmare, sancire: to be confirmed, probari; comprobari. || To make firm; establish, stabilire (to give duration or stability; e.g., to liberty, government, etc.): fundare (to found; e.g., the security of the state, one’s power, etc.). || As religious action to confirm young Christians, *adolescentes utriusque sexus doctrinam Christianam professos coram omnibus commendare Deo:
Cf. sacris Christianis initiare is (according to the adopted idiom) our baptizing.
CONFIRMATION, confirmatio: auctoritas (the consent, especially of the Senate): fides (certainty): affirmatio (affirmation): This news requires confirmation, *fama nondum certa est: rem certis auctoribus non comperi (of a person relating; after Cicero, Att: 14, 8, 1): the confirmation by auspices is still required, auspiciorum adhuc fides exigitur: for the better confirmation of the matter, *ut res majorem vim habeat. || As religious act, confirmatio (Scriptores Ecclesiastici); *sollemnis ritus, quo adolescentes utriusque sexus doctrinam Christianam, in quam ab ineunte ætate imbuti sunt, coram omnibus profitentur.
CONFIRMATORY, alicui rei fidem afferens: ad fidem valens: alicui rei fidem faciens (all Quintilianus).
CONFISCATE, confiscare: in fiscum redigere (to confiscate for the benefit of the imperial treasury, property, etc.): publicare: in publicum addicere: proscribere (to take away for the benefit of the state; proscribere, if it is done by public notice): commisso tollere: commisso vindicare (to declare forfeited to the treasury on account of arrears of taxes, Scævola, Dig., 19, 2, 61, extr.: Paul. Dig., 39, 4, 11: in the same manner, to be confiscated, in commissum cadere or venire, Marcianus, Dig., 39, 4, 16, at the beginning. Quintilianus, Decl., 341).
CONFISCATION, confiscatio (the confiscation of property for the benefit of the imperial treasury, regis: i.e., of his goods, Florus, 3, 9, 3): publicatio (confiscation of property for the benefit of the state): commissum (confiscation or appropriation of goods, etc, by the state for arrears, taxes, rates, etc.: juridical technical term in the times of the emperors): proscriptio (the dooming to death and confiscation): OBS., sectio was a sale by auction of booty or confiscated property.
CONFITURE, salgama, plural, (pickles or preserves).
CONFLAGRATION, incendium: ignis (fire = conflagration): conflagratio (Seneca, conflagratio atque diluvium), incendium commune (if it rages at many places at the same time: vid. Cicero, Phil., 10, 10, 21: Livius, 28, 42, 10): the conflagration increases, incendium crescit (opposed to decrescit): the conflagration is extinguished or put out, incendium restinguitur or exstinguitur:to be consumed by a conflagration, incendio or flammis conflagrare: Vid. FIRE.
CONFLICT, v. || Come into hostile collision, confligere, with or without armis, manu, prœlio (to fight, with reference to the violence and not the nature of the arms; of any violent conflict), with anybody, cum aliquo, or with one another, inter se: conflictari, with anybody, cum aliquo (to fight about; also, figuratively, to struggle with adversity, cum adversa fortuna): luctari, with anybody, cum aliquo (as a wrestler, for instance; also figuratively e.g., cum fluctibus):pugnare (to fight: general term): certare: concertare: contendere (mostly with addition of armis, prœlio, acie, verbis): decernere (mostly with armis, ferro, prœlio, acie): dimicare (mostly with prœlio, acie): digladiari (all these verbs also, with anybody, cum aliquo, or with one another, together, inter se): prœliari: prœlium or pugnam facere or edere [SYN. in FIGHT, vid.]. || To be at variance or inconsistent with, alicui rei repugnare or adversari; cum aliqua re pugnare or discrepare:to be conflicting (of words, evidence, etc.). inter se pugnare, repugnare, discrepare, or dissidere.
Conflicting, pugnans, repugnans (of things).
CONFLICT, || battle, engagement, pugna: prœlium.acies: prœlii dimicatio: prœlii concursus or congressus only [vid. BATTLE] || Act of contending, contest, certatio (contest with anybody, as action, as well in general as before a court): concertatio (the conflict of two or several persons, the dispute): certamen (contest as thing): contentio (a dispute carried on with violence): pugna (the conflict with regard to opinions; of literati, Cicero, De Div., 2, 51, in.: hic quanta pugna est doctissimorum hominum): discrepantia: repugnantia (conflicting nature of opinions, etc.). Vid. CONTEST, STRUGGLE.
CONFLUENCE, confiuens or confluentes (as the point of union of two rivers; e.g., of the Moselle and the Rhine, Mosellæ et Rheni, Ammianus Marcellinus, 16, 3. If taking it as the act, it is to be expressed by the participle confiuens; e.g., “the confluence of the Rhone,” confiuens Rhodanus). || Concourse of people, concursus; concursatio. cœtus (an assembly; vid. ASSEMBLY): frequentia (a numerous concourse or assembly): conventus (concourse in concreto, assembly for any purpose).
CONFLUENT, confiuens.
CONFORM, one’s self; or conform. INTRANS., alicujus rationem habere (to conform or regulate one’s movements or actions according to those of another person): alicui or alicujus voluntati obtemperare or obsequi (to obey a person); aliquem auctorem sequi (to follow anybody as the leader); ad alicujus voluntatem se conformare; ad alicujus arbitrium et nutum se fingere (to conform one’s self to the will and fancies of others): to conform one’s self entirely to the will, etc., totum se fingere et accommodare ad alicujus arbitrium et nutum; se totum ad alicujus nutum et voluntatem convertere: conform one’s self to (= regulate one’s conduct by anything): alicujus rei rationem habere, aliquid spectare (to take into consideration, to regard): alicui rei obsequi (to regulate one’s mode of acting according to anything): aliquid sequi (to take anything as a pattern or model) to conform one’s self to the times, or to the circumstances of the times, tempori, or temporibus servire or inservire: to conform one’s self to time and circumstances, tempori et rebus servire. TRANS., accommodare aliquid alicui rei or ad rem (e.g., orationem ad intelligentiam auditorum accommodare; sumtus peregrinationis ad mercedes; orationem auribus auditorum, ad vulgarem popularemque sensum; suum consilium ad consilium alterius): dirigere aliquid ad rem (to regulate; e.g., to conform one’s mode of living to a certain law, vitam ad certam normam: one’s opinion to the will of another person, sententiam suam ad voluntatem alterius).
CONFORMABLE, consentaneus: conveniens or congruens (agreeable); all three alicui rei: accommodatus ad aliquid (suitable to anything, arranged accordingly): aptus alicui rei or ad aliquid (fit for anything); (the words are found in this connexion and order.) aptus consentaneusque alicui rei: to be conformable to or with anything, congruere, convenire, convenientem, aptum consentaneumque esse alicui rei.
Cf., It may likewise be expressed by esse with genitive of the quality; e.g., it is conformable to Gallic custom that etc., est hoc Gallicæ consuetudinis, ut etc.: he maintained that it was not conformable with the Greek custom, negavit, moris esse Græcorum: not conformable to or with anything, alienum esse re or a re: to be conformable with (suitable to) the character one has assumed, and with circumstances, decere: quasi aptum esse consentaneumque personæ et temporibus (Cf., the latter as definition of the former, Cicero, Orat. 22, 74).
CONFORMABLY, convenienter, congruenter alicui rei; apte ad aliquid: accommodate; apte; apte congruenterque; congruenter convenienterque: to live conformably with nature, congruenter naturæ convenienterque vivere:conformably with nature, secundum naturam (e.g., vivere): conformably. with the laws, secundum leges (i.e., in conformity with, opposed to contra leges): conformably with the law, ex lege: conformably with circumstances, pro tempore et pro re; ex re et ex tempore: or ablative only, if it signifies according to or in conformity with; e.g., instituto suo; consuetudine Romanorum: or lastly, by ut or uti with a verb; e.g., uti doctus sum.
CONFORMATION, conformatio (e.g., of the features, lineamentorum: of words, verborum or vocum): figura: species, forma (form); (the words are found in this connexion and order.) conformatio et figura (e.g., of the whole face and body, totius oris et corporis): The conformation of the body, omnis membrorum et totius corporis figura, or corporis figura only (corporis structura is without ancient authority).
CONFORMITY, convenientia: consensus, consensio. concentus. similitudo (similitude): congruentia (so far as the similitude depends upon or rests in the symmetry of the component parts, the latter Plinius, Ep., 2,
5, 11): congruentia morum (conformity of manners, character, Suetonius, Oth., 2): in conformity with; vid. CONFORMABLY.
CONFOUND, || mix together in confusion or entanglement, implicare (properly, and figuratively,): turbare.conturbare: perturbare (to put into disorder, general term): conturbare and perturbare (also = to perplex, to disturb): miscere: permiscere (figuratively to throw into disorder by entangling together): confundere (to pour together; hence figuratively to put into disorder; then to disturb; to perplex):to confound anybody’s project, rationes alicui conturbare: to confound every thing, omnia perturbare or miscere: [Vid. CONFUSE.] || To take in a wrong sense, aliquem alium esse putare (to take anybody for anybody else): aliquid confundere aliqua re (to confound anything with anything, to mix; e.g., vera falsis).|| To abash, pudorem alicui injicere, incutere: ruborem alicui afferre (to cause to blush, Tacitus, Ann., 13, 15, 2): I am confounded, pudor suffunditur mihi; by anything, pudore afficior aliqua re: alicujus mentem animumque perturbare; in perturbationem conjicere; consternare percutere (not percellere, vid. above). || To destroy; to overthrow (plans, etc.), ad vanum, or ad irritum, or ad vanum et irritum redigere (avoid ad nihil redigere in this sense): perimere [vid. the examples]: disturbare (e.g., nuptias, legem): to confound all a person’s plans, disturbare alicui omnes rationes: unless some accident or business had confounded his plan, nisi aliqui casus aut occupatio ejus consilium peremisset: all his hopes and plans were confounded by death, omnem spem atque omnia vitæ consilia mors pervertit: thus was their whole undertaking confounded, ita frustra id inceptum iis fuit: to be confounded, irritum fieri; ad irritum cadere. recidere or venire: to confound one’s hopes, spem fallere, ludere, or destituere: to see one’s hopes confounded, spe excidere; a spe decidere; spe dejici spes ad irritum cadit or redigitur. [Vid. DESTROY, OVERTHROW]. To confound in argument, argumentis aliquem vincere.
CONFOUNDED, confusus (put into disorder, and then = perplexed): turbatus: conturbatus: perturbatus (put into disorder; conturbatus and perturbatus also = perplexed). (the words are found in this connexion and order.) conturbatus et confusus: commotus: permotus (violently moved or agitated): percussus (shaken; not perculsus, which means deeply afflicted or dejected; vid. Bremi, Suetonius, Tib., 11; Nepos, Dion, 5, 2): perterritus (violently terrified): (the words are found in this connexion and order.) obstupefactus ac perterritus: afflictus (deprived of all courage and energy):attonitus (as if struck by a thunder-bolt). (the words are found in this connexion and order.) confusus et attonitus: spe dejectus (having one’s hopes utterly destroyed): fulminatus (as if struck by lightning, Petronius, 80, 7): exanimatus (entirely beyond one’s self, annihilated): to become confounded, obstupescere, and the passives of the verbs in To CONFOUND: to be confounded, stupere; alicujus animum stupor tenet: to be very much confounded about anything, aliqua re exanimatum esse: he was confounded to such a degree as not to be able to utter a single word, torpebat vox spiritusque (Livius, 2, 25): A confounded rascal, homo ex omni parte detestabilis: You confounded rascal, O hominem impurum! monstrum hominis!|| Abashed, pudore suffusus.
CONFOUNDEDLY, fœde: nefarie.
Confoundedly ugly, insignis ad deformitatem.
CONFRATERNITY, collegium: corpus: sodalitas:sodalitium (if for the real or ostensible purpose of feasting together): hetæria.
CONFRONT, || to stand opposite to anybody or anything, *exadversus aliquem stare: contra aliquid esse or positum esse: ex adverso positum esse (general terms the former of persons, the latter two of things). || To place or hold together in order to compare, comparare: conferre, contendere, among another, inter se, with anything, alicui rei or cum aliqua re (contendere, however, in poets only and with dative): to be confronted, in contentionis judicium vocari. || To place opposite to anybody, comparare aliquem alicui (to match with another person: e.g., a prize-fighter; vid. Suetonius, Calig., 35): or committere aliquem cum aliquo (Tacitus, Germ., 10, 10): to confront a criminal with anybody else, componere aliquem cum aliquo (Tacitus Ann., 15, 51, 4).
CONFRONTATION, compositio, with anybody, cum aliquo (after Tacitus, Ann., 15, 51, 4).
CONFUSE, miscere (to mix), permiscere (together thoroughly), with anything, aliquid cum aliqua re, aliquid aliqua re or aliquid alicui rei: commiscere (to mix together), with anything, aliquid cum aliqua re or aliquid alicui rei: confundere, with anything, cum aliqua re (properly, to pour together; hence, figuratively to mingle or confound; e.g., vera cum falsis): turbare: conturbare: perturbare (to bring into confusion: general terms; conturbare and perturbare also = to throw into consternation): to confuse a person by indefinite answers, aliquem incertis responsis implicare: to confuse the minds, animos implicare or confundere:to confuse the understanding, mentem turbare; mentem alienare (to render senseless). || Abash, ruborem alicui elicere or afferre. Vid., also, To CONFOUND.
CONFUSED, turbatus: conturbatus: perturbatus (put or thrown into disorder, conturbatus and perturbatus also = confounded): confusus (out of order; then also = confounded); (the words are found in this connexion and order.) conturbatus et confusus: inconditus (not properly arranged): impeditus (difficult, not easily to be unraveled, as it were, etc.): perplexus (unintelligible, obscure, intricate): confused ranks or march, ordines turbati, or conturbati, or perturbati, or confusi:confused flight, fuga effusa: a confused cry, clamor inconditus: a confused speech, oratio confusa; sermo perplexus: a confused notion, notio complicata: confused in one’s head (mind). mente turbata:my head is quite confused, sum animo conturbato et incerto: to make anybody confused, alicujus mentem turbare (of the understanding): alicujus animum confundere (of the mind, the courage, etc.); aliquem conturbare or perturbare (to confuse anybody): to become confused, mente turbari (to become confused in one’s head): memoria: turbari: memoria alicujus confunditur (anybody’s recollection becomes confused). A confused and intricate affair, res impedita, or contorta, or difficilis, or contorta et difficilis. || Thrown into confusion, (animo) perturbatus, consternatus (besides one’s self, put out of composure): (animo) confusus (confused): commotus: permotus (agitated): κυρικιμασαηικοpercussus (shaken): perterritus (violently frightened). Vid. To CONFUSE.
CONFUSEDLY, confuse, perplexe (e.g., loqui): perturbate, permiste, obscure. SYN. in CONFUSE.
CONFUSION, perturbatio (disturbance of the order of anything, as act; e.g., of an army, exercitus): perturbatio ordinis (disturbance in the succession or order of anything): implicatio (e.g., rei familiaris, confusion in one’s accounts or circumstances): mens turbata (confusion of the understanding):perturbatio (absolute consternation): trepidatio (trembling from fear of an approaching danger, etc.): turba (the noise which proceeds when every thing is in wild confusion): tumultus (the impetuous or boisterous confusion and noise of an assembly, tumult, commotion): General confusion, omnium rerum perturbatio: a general confusion takes place, omnibus locis trepidatur: to cause a general confusion, omnia miscere et turbare: to put into confusion, [vid. To CONFUSE]:to fall into confusion, turbari; conturbari: perturbari. || Blushing: pudor (shame): rubor (blushing): verecundia (shame, in a good sense): to my confusion, *cum magno meo pudore: dedecus (disgrace): to our confusion, cum nostra ignominia; cum nostro dedecore: with much confusion, cum summo probro; cum probro atque dedecore; cum ignominia et dedecore. || Destruction, disturbatio: eversio, [vid. DESTRUCTION]: exstinctio (figuratively extermination): ruinæ: interitus. (the words are found in this connexion and order.) occasus et ruinæ: occasus interitusque. Vid. DESTRUCTION.
CONFUTATION, responsio (Quintilianus 5, 7, 14): confutatio:refutatio; vid. To CONFUTE.
CONFUTE, refellere (to show by argument, that what has been said, is false; to confute anybody’s opinion or anything): redarguere (to convince of falsehood, of persons and things). (the words are found in this connexion and order.) refellere et redarguere: convincere (either to convince a person of his errour, or establish the falsehood of anything triumphantly; e.g., errores): revincere (to prove the contrary of an assertion by an irresistible argument; of persons and things; compare Livius, 6, 26, 7: crimina, revicta rebus, verbis confutare nihil attinet): confutare (to make anything fall to the ground, a person or anything; e.g., argumenta Stoicorum, the refutans acts on the defensive in refuting the arguments brought against him; the confutans on the offensive, in exposing their worthlessness and cutting them up): refutare (vid. confutare: not to admit, to push back, repulse, as it were = refute; often with the addition of oratione, a person or thing; e.g., the contrary, contraria: to refute anything more by deeds than by words, aliquid magis re, quam verbis): diluere (to weaken the force, or to show the invalidity of anything; e.g., of an accusation, crimen: the arguments or proofs of the opposite party, confirmationem adversariorum): (the words are found in this connexion and order.) refutare ac diluere, or diluere ac refellere: diluere aliquid et falsum esse docere (to make anything fall to the ground and show that it is false): dissolvere (to dissolve or annihilate by proofs and explication; e.g., a sophism, mentientem:
an accusation before the judge or in the court, criminationem):to confute anything by evidence, aliquid testimoniis refutare:he has confuted himself, suo sibi argumento confutatus est:to confute anybody by his own words, suo sibi gladio aliquem jugulare (proverbially in Terentius, Ad., 5, 8, 34): to endeavour to confute anybody with weak proofs, plumbeo gladio aliquem jugulare (Cicero, Att., 1, 16, 2).
CONGÉ, || a bow, corporis inclinatio (of men): *genuum fiexio (of women). || Leave, discharge, dismissio (dismission from service, of servants and soldiers): missio (the discharge of soldiers): to give anybody his congé, alicui commeatum dare (properly, of soldiers, but also of other things): to ask for his congé, commeatum petere.[Vid. LEAVE, FAREWELL.] || In architecture, apophysis:apothesis (apophygis is erroneous; vid. Schneider, Vitr., 4, 1, 11, and 4, 7, 3), the inflected part on the roof of a column.
CONGEAL, congelari; nive concrescere; frigoribus conglaciare; gelu consistere; from the context also durescere (almost all in Cicero, N. D., 2, 10, init.): se congelare (to freeze, to congeal by getting cold): coire (to run together, to curdle and thus congeal): spissari (general term to grow thick, consistent). (the words are found in this connexion and order), spissari et in densitatem coire (all of any liquid mass): coagulari (to curdle, of milk, and liquors of that nature; then coagulate, of any liquid mass): to cause or make to congeal, congelare (by letting anything get cold); coagulare (by runnet, etc.): lac gelatum, concretum (curd).
CONGELATION, coagulatio: Vid. To CONGEAL.
CONGENER, congener (Plinius).
CONGENIAL, propinquus, with anybody or anything, alicui or alicui rei (bearing resemblance to): affinis (in this signification, without classic authority): accommodatus alicui rei or ad rem (adapted to, suitable): aptus alicui rei or ad aliquid (fit, proper): congruens: consentiens: concors (congruous, agreeing). (the words are found in this connexion and order), aptus et accommodatus; aptus consentaneusque; congruens et aptus; aptus et congruens.congenial with anything, consentaneus alicui rei; conjunctus cum aliqua re (compatible, suitable to its nature): animo conjunctus cum aliquo (of a congenial character with a person).Sometimes jucundus (delightful): or suavis: dulcis: pergratus.to be congenial with, congruere, convenire, respondere alicui rei.A congenial temper, *cognatio quædam animorum.
CONGER,conger: muræna conger (Linnæus).
CONGERIES, congeries (lapidum, lignorum, etc.).
CONGEST, v. congerere: conferre: comportare.Vid. HEAP UP.
CONGESTION, congestio (as act, or thing heaped up, post-Augustan): congestus, us (Cicero).
Congestion (of blood, etc), *congestio (technical term συμφόρησις), or by circumlocution with conglobari: if there is any congestion of blood, si conglobatur sanguis (after Plinius, 23, 2, 28; ob id conglobato sanguine, there being a congestion of blood from this cause).
CONGLOBATE, conglobare. rotundare; corrotundare (to make round): complicare (to wind up, or together): glomerare, conglomerare (wind into a ball; Vid. Ovidius, Met., 6, 19): to be conglobated, conglobari (to assume the form of a sphere), also in speciem orbis globari:se rotundare: rotundari (to round itself, general term):in rotunditatem globari.
CONGLOBATE, adj., conglobatus: ipse in se conglobatus (Cicero): conglobatus undique æquabiliter (Cicero,; of the sea): globosus; (the words are found in this connexion and order.) solidus et globosus.
CONGLOMERATE, conglomerare (to collect into a mass in the shape of a ball; vid. CONGLOBATE): complicare (to wrap up): convolvere (to roll together): circumvolvere aliquid alicui rei (to roll anything round anything).
CONGLUTINATE, conglutinare (to glue together): conferruminare (Plinius, 27, 3, 45, to join with putty or cement): agglutinare aliquid alicui rei (to stick anything to anything, or upon anything): glutinare (to glue).
CONGLUTINATION, conglutinatio: glutinatio: vid. CONGLUTINATE.
CONGRATULATE, congratulari (alicui, absolute: alicui rei): gratulationem facere: gratulatione fungi (to offer one’s congratulations; also, mutua gratulatione fungi, i.e., to congratulate one another): gratulari; on account of anything, alicui aliquid or de re (that anything has taken a happy turn; e.g., on anybody’s arrival, alicujus adventum or alicui de adventu: also with accusative and infinitive): to congratulate anybody on the arrival of the new year, optare alicui et ominari in proximum annum læta (after Pliny, Ep., 4, 15, 5): one another, primum incipientis anni diem lætis precationibus invicem faustum ominari (Pliny, 28, 2, 5; cf. Ovid, Fast., 1, 175: cur læta tuis dicuntur verba Kalendis): OBS., A substantive after “to congratulate,” is often translated by a past participle; e.g., to congratulate anybody on the recovery of his liberty, gratulari alicui recuperatam libertatem. || To congratulate one’s self, gaudere: to congratulate one’s self on anything, gaudere, lætari aliqua re, de aliqua re:we congratulate ourselves (rejoice) that etc., bene nobiscum actum esse putamus, quod etc. CONGRATULATION, gratulatio: congratulate (of several persons). To offer congratulations [vid. To CONGRATULATE].A letter of congratulation, epistola gratulatoria (Capitolinus, Max. et Balb., 17):from the context also, gratulatio:to send a letter of congratulation to anybody, per literas gratulari alicui: on account of anything, aliquid or de re (e.g., on a victory, devictos hostes or victoriam).
CONGRATULATORY, gratulabundus: gratulatorius (post-classical). A congratulatory letter, epistola gratulatoria.
CONGREGATE, TR., cogere (properly, to drive together, to colled at one point in a heap): congregare (to bring together, to unite in one flock, as it were): convocare (to call together, to convoke): conducere: contrahere (to draw together, to concentrate; e.g., troops). INTR. || To assemble, or form themselves into an assembly, cogi; se congregare; congregari; convenire:coire (to come together): confluere: frequentes convenire (to flock together, to assemble in masses): convolare (to assemble in great haste): concurrere (to run together, in masses): concursare.
CONGREGATION, congregatio (act of assembling):convocatio: conventus (an assembly): cœtus: corona:consessus. || Congregation = body assembled at church, *cœtus sacer . = Church, ecclesia, populus Christianus. perhaps conventus the best word for the congregation, = “members of any sect in a country;” e.g., *conventus Lutheranus.
CONGREGATIONAL, ad cœtum, etc., pertinens.
CONGRESS, || meeting (especially that of plenipotentiaries):conventus; concilium: congressio: congressus (any, especially friendly, meeting, interview, etc., the former as act, the latter as state, opposed to digressio, digressus).The congress of the Greeks at Thermopylæ, conventus Pyliacus; commune Græciæ concilium: to hold a congress, conventum agere; in aliquem locum convenire. || The body of such plenipotentiaries, apocleti; legati.
CONGRUENCE, convenientia: congruentia (conformity): congruentia morum (conformity of character, Suetonius, Oth., 2): similitudo (similitude; sunt quædam animi similitudines cum corpore): consensio: consensus, concentus (agreement): cognatio quædam (a sort of relationship; figuratively).
CONGRUITY, congruentia. Vid. CONGRUENCE.
CONGRUOUS, conveniens, congruens (congruus is unclassical): consentaneus alicui rei or cum re (conformable or agreeing with anything, suitable): accommodatus alicui rei or ad rem (adapted): aptus alicui rei or ad aliquid (fit for or appropriate): decorus alicui or alicui rei (becoming to anything; appropriate to it): to be congruous, convenire, congruere, respondere alicui rei.
CONGRUOUSLY, convenienter; congruenter; decore; accommodate: Also (the words are found in this connexion and order), congruenter convenienterque; apte et quasi decore; apte congruenterque.
CONIC, CONICAL, *cono similis; *conicus (κωνικός); conoides (κωνοειδής); *in coni formam redactus: A conical tower, *turris in coni modum excitata (after Curtius 8, 11, 6): A conical hill, collis in coni modum erectus (after Curtius and others): collis in modum coni fastigatus (after Livius, 37, 27): conic shape, coni forma: conic section, *sectio conica: the apex of a cone, acumen coni (Lucretius, 4, 432) CONJECTURABLE, quod conjectura prospici or provideri potest (what may be conjectured): quod conjectura consequi possumus (whatever can be arrived at by conjecture).
CONJECTURAL, conjecturalis (e.g., causa, Cicero, ars, medicina, Celsus): in conjectura positus.
Conjectural criticism, *critica conjecturalis. To be merely conjectural, in conjectura positum esse.
CONJECTURALLY, conjectura; quantum conjectare licet. To judge of a thing conjecturally, conjectura judicare aliquid: to judge conjecturally, conjicere or conjectare de re: to judge conjecturally from anything; to infer conjecturally from anything, ex aliqua re conjecturam facere de re.
CONJECTURE, conjicere: conjectare (to “put things together;” to conjecture from reasons of probability): conjectura prospicere, or providere, or augurari (to foresee conjecturally; to conjecture): conjectura consequi (to arrive at by a conjecture): opinione or animo præcipere (to anticipate conjecturally): suspicari (properly “to look under;” to suspect, or, of good things, to hope): opinari (to imagine; to think it most probable, though one can not prove its possibility by valid reasons; not autumare, vid. To BELIEVE): as I conjecture, ut opinor; ut mea fert opinio:as far as I can conjecture, quantum
opinione auguror; quantum ego conjectura augurare possum; quantum ego conjectura assequor; quantum animi mei conjectura colligere possum: to conjecture from anything, conjecturam facere or capere ex aliqua re (Cf. conjecturare is bad).
CONJECTURE, conjectura: opinio (opinion, presumption): suspicio (suspicion): divinatio (a secret foreboding). According to my conjecture, quantum ego conjectura assequor; quantum equidem judicare possum; mea opinione: to form a conjecture about anything, conjicere or conjectare de re: to be very acute in forming conjectures about anything, callidissime conjicere de re: to be founded on a mere conjecture in conjectura positum esse; conjectura niti; conjectura contineri: to be deceived in one’s conjectures, falso suspicari: I find my conjectures confirmed, ea, quæ fore suspicatus eram, facta cognosco.
CONJOIN, Vid. JOIN.
CONJOINT, junctus: conjunctus: connexus.universus (all parts of a mass united at one point).
CONJOINTLY, conjuncte: una (together at one place, in conjunction with); hence, una cum (together, simultaneously with): conjunctim (in conjunction: e.g., to ask for help, auxilia petere): ad unum omnes (all, without a single exception): cuncti (all together united somewhere, opposed to dispersi): universi (all taken together, wherever they may be; opposed to singuli).
CONJUGAL, conjugialis or conjugalis: connubialis: matrimonialis (concerning wedlock): maritus (Ovidius): maritalis (concerning married people): the conjugal union, conjugium maritale: conjugal rights, jura conjugalia or connubialia: conjugal fidelity, conjugii fides; fides marita: conjugal love, conjugalis amor.
CONJUGALLY, conjugaliter, connubialiter.
CONJUGATE, flectere, declinare: the latter used by Varro, of all grammatical changes (e.g., derivation, comparison, etc.), as well as of conjugation and declension.
CONJUGATION, (verborum) flexura (in grammar): or declinatio (Varro, Vid. on declinare in the preceding word). || Union, conjunctio (the combination of several things; e.g., ejusmodi conjunctionem tectorum urbem appellant): concursus (a concourse of things, e.g., bonestissimorum studiorum).
CONJUNCTION, || A connecting particle, conjunctio: particula conjunctiva. || Conjunction of the heavenly bodies, astrorum concursio. || Association, conjunctio (general term, also = friendly connexion): societas (existing union, alliance, association); (the words are found in this connection and order.) conjunctio et societas.
CONJUNCTIVE, modus conjunctivus or subjunctivus (in later writers and grammarians).
CONJUNCTURE, tempus; tempora, plural; temporum ratio.There are often conjunctures, etc., incidunt sæpe tempora, quum etc. In such a conjuncture of affairs, in hoc or in tali tempore (of a bad state of things). || Mode of joining, conjunctio.
CONJURATION, || an earnest entreaty, obtestatio:obsecratio [SYN. in To CONJURE]. || Form of enchantment, carmen: canticum (the prescribed form): cantio (conjuration as actually used): fascinatio (by looks and words): theurgia (late): delenimenta, plural: ars magica: magice (the art): veneficia et cantiones (Cicero): præstigiæ (tricks of a juggler): cantus magicus: to practice conjuration, præstigias agere (play juggling tricks): inferorum animas elicere: animas or mortuorum animas excitare (of raising spirits).
CONJURE, || to entreat earnestly, obtestari: obsecrare: implorare et obtestari, by anybody, per aliquem: to conjure anybody with tears, etc., multis precibus et lacrimis obtestari: to conjure by all that is holy, multis, omnibus, infimis precibus petere, orare; omnibus precibus orare et obtestari aliquem. || To enchant, fascinare: effascinare (both of enchantment by looks, i.e., the fascinum, still called in Italy “mal occhio chettatura;” then also, of oral enchantment; for which reason the words, visu, lingua, voce atque lingua, are additionally joined, to determine the sort of enchantment): incantare (in the signification of enchanting by magic sentences: not met with, in this sense, beforeLucius Apuleius Madaurensis, Apologia, p. 305: for incantata vincula, Horatius, Sat., 1, 8, 49, does not apply): to conjure up (spirits, fiends, etc.), animas or mortuorum imagines excitare (Cicero): inferorum animas elicere: infernas umbras carminibus elicere: jubere Manes exire ex sepulcris (Ovidius): elicere animulas noxias et præsagia sollicitare larvarum (make them tell the future): carminibus compescere (restrain by conjuration; e.g., ignes):to conjure away, *incantamentis fugare: adjuratione divini nominis expellere (e.g., dæmones, Lactantius). || To practise the arts of a conjurer, *colere artem magicam or artes magicas.
CONJURER, magus (μαγος, general term): præstigiator (who plays juggling tricks): circulator, planus (who goes about conjuring for his bread, circulator: often with serpents): pilarius (with glasses, balls, etc.): ventilator (who makes pebbles, dice, etc., dispppear; changes them from hand to hand, etc., ψηφοπαίκτης: or ψηφοκλέπτης).To play the conjurer, præstigias agere.
CONNATE, insitus: innatus: ingeneratus: ingenitus. (the words are found in this connection and order), insitus et innatus (originally inherent): naturalis:nativus (natural, opposed to assumptus, adventicius, ascitus, i.e., acquired by art, etc.): congeneratus: a parentibus propagatus (inherited from our parents).
CONNECT, conjungere (to combine, in general): copulare (to couple, as it were; to combine closely): connectere (to connect, to unite, all three, with anything, cum aliqua re): to be connected with anything, conjunctum esse alicui rei or cum aliqua re. Vid. JOIN.
CONNECTEDLY, conjunctim: conjuncte (e.g., conjuncte cum aliqua re contexere, Cicero). Vid. CONJOINTLY.
CONNECTION, conjunctio (general term: also = friendly connection): colligatio: copulatio (copulation, a coupling together, figuratively = firm connection): societas (an existing union, alliance, etc.); (the words are found in this connection and order.) conjunctio et societas: necessitudo (the reciprocal connection in which a person stands as relation, colleague, friend, patron, or client, with another person):conjunctio affinitatis (by marriage), sodalitas (connection of companions, e.g., in Rome, of certain priests; then, in general, a society, in which anything secret is carried on): commercium (intercourse in general, properly and figuratively):The connection of the soul with the body, societas et contagio corporis: intimate connection (= friendship), conjunctio et familiaritas: to enter into connection; to form a connexion with, se conjungere; conjungi; jungi; consociari: with anybody, [vid. To CONNECT]: to form an intimate connection, arete conjungi: a more intimate connection, arctiora necessitudinis vincula cum aliquo contrahere: to bring into connection, [vid. To CONNECT]: to stand in connection, conjunctum esse, with anybody, cum aliquo (or, among one another, inter se): to stand in connection with anything, conjungi or conjunctum esse cum aliqua re (to be connected with anything): pertinere ad aliquid (to stand in connection with anything, to belong to it): to have great or extensive connections, cum multis hominibus usu or consuetudine conjunctum esse: in connection with anybody, conjunctus cum aliquo; also cum aliquo only (especially if it means with the co-operation, or in the company of a person). || Similitude, cognatio; conjunctio (e.g., cognatio studiorum, the mutual relationship of sciences): consensus (agreement of opinion: e.g., animorum): to stand in connection.with anything, cognationem habere cum aliqua re; propinquum or finitimum or propinquum et finitimum esse alicui rei there is a connection: between the human soul and the gods, animus tenetur cognatione deorum: not to have even the remotest connection: with anything, remotissimum esse aliqua re: || Coherence; connected arrangement; cohærentia (coherence; e.g., of the world, mundi): contextus (the connection, as state; e.g., of a speech, orationis, sermonis; of things and words, rerum et verborum. Comp. Ernesti. Lex. Techn. Rom., p. 90):systematic connection, continuatio seriesque rerum, ut alia ex alia nexa et omnes inter se aptæ colligatæque videantur (Cicero, N. D., 1, 4, extr.): being in connection, continens: continuus. || A connection (= person connected by marriage, etc.), affinis. Relations and connections, genere proximi: necessarii: propinqui et affines.
CONNIVANCE, venia: indulgentia.Sometimes dissimulatio (the pretending not to see): or circumlocution by connivere in aliqua re [conniventia, post-classical]: by way of connivance, dissimulanter.
CONNIVE, connivere in re (to wink at it): alicui rei or alicui aliquid ignoscere (to hold excused, to take no notice of) alicui or alicui rei indulgere (to indulge anybody in anything): indulgentia tractare aliquem (to treat anybody with indulgence):omittere: prætermittere (to let anything pass, not punish it). CONNOISSEUR, homo elegans; spectator elegans (Terentius, Eun., 3, 5, 18): intelligens existimator; homo ingeniosus atque intelligens: doctus æstimator (e.g., of poetry, carminum): doctus et intelligens existimator; homo doctus et prudens: to be a connoisseur in anything: aliquid intelligere, callere, cognitum or perceptum habere multum in aliqua re versatum esse: to be no connoisseur, alicujus rei ignarum or imperitum esse; in aliqua re peregrinum or hospitem esse: a connoisseur in the fine arts, intelligens or sciens or peritus artis (in context, especially in plural, without artis): artium judex or subtilis artium judex et callidus (judge of the fine arts, after Horatius, Sat., 2, 3, 23): The judgement of a connoisseur, judicium intelligens; judicium eruditissimum: the
eye of a connoisseur, eruditi oculi; acumen argutum judicis (Horatius, A. P., 364): The ear of a connoisseur, aures eruditæ or teretes: Warning; Any kind of reproduction of this page will be very severely accused by tokyomaths.comconnoisseurs (also) ii, qui intelligunt; docti atque prudentes: one who is no connoisseur, (homo) rudis (vid. Vell., 1, 13, 4: Mummius tam rudis fuit, ut etc., i.e., was so little of a connoisseur that, etc.); homo imperitus, ignarus, of anything, alicujus rei.